高中英語外研版必修第一冊Unit 5　課時精練四　Developing ideas-Reading comprehension

Ⅰ.閱讀理解AEverydayforaweek，astrange，happyvisitorwoulddroptoplaywithVanessaPrior’spetdogBobby.PriorthoughtBobbyhadmadeanewdogfriend.ItseemedveryfriendlyandgotwellalongwithBobby.Theywouldrunaftereachother，playonthepoolcover，gentlywrestle(摔跤)ornapsidebyside.Atfirstshethoughtitwasawilddog.ButwhenshepostedaphotoofthetwoplayingonherFacebook，apetrescuecentrecalledher.ThegrouptoldhertheAtlantaWolfProjecthadbeentryingtocatchthewolfformonths，buttheyfailed.Priorgavethemnewhope.Becauseofthewolf’sfriendshipwithherpetdog，itwaslikelytocomebacktoherbackyard.ResearchershopedPriorcouldhelpthem.Whentheyputsometraps(陷阱)inthebackofheryard，Priorgotaverycomplicated(復雜的)feeling.Shecouldn’tdescribewhatitwas.Thewolfwouldbeinasafeplace，butshewoulddosomethingthatharmedBobby’sfeelings.ResearcherstoldPriorthattheywouldtaketherare，blackwolftotheYellowRiverWildlifeSanctuarywhereitwouldlivewithanotherwolf.Theydidn’tthinkitasatisfyingsituationforawildanimallikeawolftohaveaconnectionwithhumans’life.Theyneedtokeepanaturalawarenesstohumansandpetsandkeeptothemselves.Wolfexpertsaddedtheywouldlookintothegeneticsoftheanimaltotrytolearnwhyitlikedtogetclosetopeopleandtriedtoplaywiththeirpets.Someexpertsbelieveitcouldhaveahistorywithwell-meaninghumans.PriorhadnotexpectedthatsheandBobbyshouldmeetsuchaspecialandlovelywolf.Theyjusthopedthedearfriendallthebest.1．WhathappenedtoVanessaPrioraccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Shedidn’tlikeherdog’snewfriend.B．Shewasawardedforherhelpfulpicture.C．Sherealizedherdogmadefriendswithawolf.D．Shecalledthepetrescuecentretocatchthewolf.2．HowdidPriorfeelwhensometrapswereset?A．ShewasafraidtoloseBobby.B．Sheregrettedhelpingtheresearchers.C．Shewasworriedaboutthewolf’sfuture.D．Shehadbittersweetfeelingsaboutthewolf.3．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheblackwolffromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Itisakindandsociableanimal.B．Itwasoncekeptasahumanpet.C．Itwillbesenttothewildtolivewithotheranimals.D．Ithasagreatawarenessofdistancingitselffromhumans.4．Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?A．Inamedicalreport.B．Inatravelleaflet.C．Inanaturemagazine.D．Inascientificresearch.B(2023·河北邯鄲高一期末)Theworld’sanimalpopulationshavereducedbymorethantwothirdssince1970，accordingtoarecentresearchfromtheWorldWildlifeFund.TheLondongroupprovidedinformationon32,000wildlifepopulationswhichincludedmorethan5,000species.Theresearchersfoundthatpopulationsizeshadreducedby69percentonaverage.Theysaidthelossofforests，humanexploitation(開采)oftheenvironment，pollution，andclimatechangeweregreatcausesofthereducedpopulations.Land-usechangeisstillthebiggestthreattowildlife.However，theresearchersalsoaddedthatclimatechangewaslikelytobecomethemajorcauseinthecomingyears.WildlifepopulationsinLatinAmericanandtheCaribbeanSeaareaweregreatlyaffected.Theresearchshoweda94percentdropinthoseareasinover50years.Wildlifepopulationsinriverandlakehabitatsdecreasedthemost.Freshwaterpopulationshavereduceddramaticallysince1970.Forexample，onepopulationofpinkriverdolphinsintheAmazonRiverareaofBrazilfellby65percentbetween1996and2021.Thesefindingsarearedflagthatwarnsofalargersystemfailureontheway.Evenonespecies’populationdropcanaffectotherspecies，finallyaffectingtheecosystem’sabilitytofunction(運轉)．Humansdependonanunchangeableclimateandproductivefarmlandandfisheriestogetahead，butthepresentstatesarethreateningmanylife-sustainingecosystems.Ourfuturedependsonchangingtheunbalancesituationofnaturejustasitdependsonaddressingclimatechange.Andyoucan’tsolveonewithoutsolvingtheother.Everyonehasaroleindoinghisbit，fromindividuals(個人)tocompaniestogovernments.Ifnothingchanges，animalpopulationswillundoubtedlycontinuetofall，threateningtheecosystemsonwhichwealldepend.5．Whatisthegreatestthreattothewildlifepopulationsnow?A．Airpollution.B．Land-usechange.C．Globalclimatewarming.D．Illegalhuntingandkilling.6．Howdoestheauthordescribethedecreaseoffreshwaterwildlife?A．Bylistingnumbers.B．Bygivinganexample.C．Byexplainingthecauses.D．Bymakingacomparison.7．Whatcanbethefinalresultofonespecies’populationdrop?A．Thefarmlandbecomespoorer.B．Theweatherchangesunexpectedly.C．Thewholeecosystemfunctionspoorly.D．Thefishinggroundiscompletelypolluted.8．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Towarnhumansoftheirextremebehaviour.B．Toraisefundsforresearchonclimatechange.C．Toshowthedifficultyofprotectingecosystem.D．Tocallonpeopletotakeactionstoprotectwildlife.C(2023·浙江嘉興高一期末)Ifyou’veeverwatchedadogsleep，you’veprobablywonderedifanimalsdream.It’sadifficultquestion.Westilldon’tknowexactlywhyhumansdream，orwhydreamsmightbeimportant.Studyinganimaldreamsisevenharder.Animaldreamsmightbeveryinteresting.“Ithinkdreaminggivesusawaytorelatemanyhumancognitiveabilitiestoanimals，suchasemotion，memory，andevenimagination，”saysDavidM．Pena-Guzmán，whorecentlyauthoredWhenAnimalsDream:TheHiddenWorldofAnimalConsciousness.Weknowmonkeyshaveemotions，butconsiderspiders，whicharecentstudysuggestsmayexperienceREM-likesleepandevendreams.Thethoughtofspiderdreamssoundsoutlandish，butitmaybetrue.“Wehavethisideaofdreamsbeinganimaginaryprocesswithsomethingcrazyinit，”saysMatthewWilson，aneurobiologistatMIT.“Butwhenwelookintoanimalmodels，we’resimplytryingtounderstandwhatgoesonduringsleepthatmightinfluencelearning，memory，andbehavior.”Catsweresomeofthefirstanimalsstudiedindreamresearch.MichelJouvet，apioneerofsleepstudies，provedthatcatsdreamedinthe1960s.InREMsleep，humanmusclesdon’tmovemuchdespitethebrainactivitythatpowersourdreams.Thebodydoesn’tactoutourdreamsnomatterhowrealtheyseem.Jouvetlearnedthat，incats，apartofthebraincalledtheponsseemedtocontrolREMsleepandproducepartialparalysis.Byremovingpartsofthepons，JouvetfoundwiththeirbrainsdeepinREMsleepthecatsbegantomoveasifawake，hunting，jumpingandfightingagainstunseenthreats.Thisprovidedawindowintowhatwashappeninginthecats’sleepingbrains.“Iwouldn’tbesurprisedifactualdreamswerefoundinanimals，andIthinkfinallywe’llbeabletoshowthatscientifically，”StanfordneurobiologistPhilippeMourrainsays.“We’renottheonlyspeciesabletorememberandlearn.”9．Whatisthepointofstudyinganimaldreams?A．Toimproveanimals’sleepingquality.B．Tofindascientificwaytoraiseanimals.C．Tolearnaboutanimals’cognitiveabilities.D．Tounderstandtheimportanceofhumans’dreams.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outlandish”meaninparagraph3?A．Special.B．Reasonable.C．Meaningful.D．Strange.11．WhatcanwelearnfromMichelJouvet’sresearchoncats’dreaming?A．Catsdreaminawaydifferentfromhumans.B．TheponsiswhatkeepscatsstillinREMsleep.C．Dreamshaveverylittletodowithcats’behavior.D．Catsaremoreactiveinsleepthanwhenthey’reawake.12．WhatdoesPhilippeMourrainthinkofanimaldreams?A．Theywillbeprovedbyfurtherresearch.B．Theyaremoreconfusingthanpeoplethink.C．Thepresentresearchisstillfarfromsatisfactory.D．Thereisalongwaytogobeforethey’reunderstood.Ⅱ.七選五(2022·江蘇徐州高一期末)Morningornight?Whicheveroneyouprefer，thereisanameforyou.Earlybirdsormorninglarks，asyoucanguess，aremorningpeople.Theyhavemoreenergyinthemorningandarehappytogreettheday.1Therefore，morninglarkstendtohitthedayearly.Asmostofsocietyrunsondaylighthours，morninglarksareseenasproductivepeople.Asthesayinggoes:“Theearlybirdgetstheworm.”2Thesepeoplehavetheleastenergyinthemorning.Theywouldrathergetafewmorehoursofsleepthanrisewiththesun.Butontheflipside，nightowlscomealiveinthelateeveninghours.Theybecomeenergeticandfindinspirationinthemoonlight.It’snosurprisethattheycanstayupwellintothenight.Whileallbirdsarecreatedequal，somenightowlswishtheycouldriseearlier.3?Peoplecan’tadjusttheirbedtimesovernight.Soforthosenightowlswishingtoriseatdawn，startwitha15-minutechange.Gotobed15mi