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第第頁第一章集合與常用邏輯用語章末題型大總結(jié)一、思維導(dǎo)圖二、題型精講題型01元素與集合【典例1】集合M滿足:若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0)已知SKIPIF1<0,試求集合M中一定含有的元素.【典例2】設(shè)集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,已知SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值集合為________.【變式1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【變式2】已知關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為SKIPIF1<0,則當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0時(shí),實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是___________.題型02集合中元素的特性【典例1】集合SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.3或SKIPIF1<0 C.3 D.3或SKIPIF1<0或5【典例2】數(shù)集SKIPIF1<0中的元素a不能取的值是__________.【變式1】由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,3組成的一個(gè)集合A,若A中元素個(gè)數(shù)不是2,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值可以是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.1 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.2【變式2】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,且下列三個(gè)關(guān)系:SKIPIF1<0有且只有一個(gè)正確,則SKIPIF1<0_______.題型03集合的表示方法【典例1】設(shè)集合SKIPIF1<0,試用列舉法表示集合SKIPIF1<0_________.【典例2】已知集合SKIPIF1<0{SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0有唯一解},用列舉法表示集合A【變式1】方程SKIPIF1<0的解集為______.【變式2】已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.求B中所含元素的個(gè)數(shù).題型04子集(真子集)及其應(yīng)用【典例1】(多選)已知集合SKIPIF1<0,若集合A有且僅有2個(gè)子集,則a的取值有(

)A.-2 B.-1 C.0 D.1【典例2】若集合A滿足SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,則集合A所有可能的情形有(

)A.3種 B.5種 C.7種 D.9種【典例3】已知集合SKIPIF1<0中有8個(gè)子集,則SKIPIF1<0的一個(gè)值為______.【變式1】若集合SKIPIF1<0,則滿足SKIPIF1<0的集合B的個(gè)數(shù)為(

)A.2 B.4 C.8 D.16【變式2】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,定義SKIPIF1<0,則集合SKIPIF1<0的所有非空子集的個(gè)數(shù)為__________.題型05相等集合【典例1】(多選)若集合SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值可能為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.1【典例2】已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.0 B.1 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【變式1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)a,b的值.【變式2】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,集合SKIPIF1<0;若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0________;題型06交集、并集、補(bǔ)集運(yùn)算【典例1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.2【典例2】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【典例3】全集SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0為__________.【變式1】若全集SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則集合SKIPIF1<0等于(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【變式2】若集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【變式3】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0題型07交集、并集、補(bǔ)集應(yīng)用【典例1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍.【典例2】設(shè)全集SKIPIF1<0,集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【典例3】從①SKIPIF1<0;②SKIPIF1<0③SKIPIF1<0,三個(gè)條件中任選一個(gè),補(bǔ)充在下面問題中,并求解.已知集合__________,集合SKIPIF1<0.(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),求SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【典例4】已知關(guān)于x的不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為SKIPIF1<0.(1)求實(shí)數(shù)a,b的值;(2)再從條件①,條件②這兩個(gè)條件中選擇一個(gè)作為已知,使得SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)m的取值范圍.條件①:集合SKIPIF1<0;條件②:集合SKIPIF1<0.注:如果選擇多個(gè)條件分別作答,挍第一個(gè)解答計(jì)分.【變式1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【變式2】已知集合SKIPIF1<0.(1)求集合SKIPIF1<0;(2)若集合SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍.【變式3】已知全集SKIPIF1<0,集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),求SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【變式4】已知集合SKIPIF1<0.(1)求集合SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.題型08充分性與必要性的判斷【典例1】(多選)命題“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0恒成立”是假命題的一個(gè)充分不必要條件是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【典例2】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則“SKIPIF1<0”是“SKIPIF1<0”的(

)A.充分不必要條件 B.必要不充分條件C.充要條件 D.既不充分也不必要條件【變式1】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則“SKIPIF1<0”是“SKIPIF1<0”的(

)A.充分而不必要條件 B.必要而不充分條件 C.充要條件 D.既不允分也不必要條件【變式2】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則“SKIPIF1<0”是“SKIPIF1<0”的(

)A.充分不必要條件 B.必要不充分條件C.充要條件 D.既不充分也不必要條件題型09根據(jù)充分性與必要性求參數(shù)【典例1】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0,若p是q的充分不必要條件,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【典例2】已知SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的充分條件,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是__________.【變式1】若SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的充分不必要條件,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值可以是(

)A.-1 B.0 C.1 D.2【變式2】“SKIPIF1<0”是“SKIPIF1<0”的(

)條件A.充分不必要 B.必要不充分 C.充分必要 D.既不充分也不必要題型10判斷全稱命題與特稱命題真假【典例1】(多選)命題SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.命題q:任意兩個(gè)等邊三角形都相似.關(guān)于這兩個(gè)命題,下列判斷正確的是()A.p是真命題 B.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0C.q是真命題 D.SKIPIF1<0:存在兩個(gè)等邊三角形,它們不相似【典例2】下列是存在量詞命題且是假命題的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【變式1】有下列四個(gè)命題:①對(duì)任意實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0均有SKIPIF1<0;

②不存在實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0使SKIPIF1<0;③方程SKIPIF1<0至少有一個(gè)實(shí)數(shù)根;

④SKIPIF1<0使SKIPIF1<0,其中假命題是__________(填寫所有假命題的序號(hào)).題型11全稱命題與特稱命題的否定【典例1】命題“SKIPIF1<0”的否定是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【典例2】命題“SKIPIF1<0”的否定是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【變式1】命題:“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0”的否定是________.題型12根據(jù)全稱命題與特稱命題真假求參數(shù)【典例1】若命題“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0”為假命題,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【典例2】若命題“SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0”是假命題,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是__________.【變式1】已知命題p:“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0”為假命題,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍為(

).A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0三、重點(diǎn)方法方法01數(shù)軸法【典例1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【典例2】已知全集SKIPIF1<0.(1)求SKIPIF1<0;(2)若集合SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【變式1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍.方法02韋恩圖法【典例1】某單位周一、周二、周三開車上班的職工人數(shù)分別是14,10,8.若這三天中至少有一天開車上班的職工人數(shù)是20,則這三天都開車上班的職工人數(shù)的最大值是(

)A.6 B.5 C.7 D.8【典例2】對(duì)于集合M,N,我們把屬于集合M但不屬于集合N的元素組成的集合叫做集合M與N的“差集”,記作SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0;把集合M與N中所有不屬于SKIPIF1<0的元素組成的集合叫做集合M與N的“對(duì)稱差集”,記作SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0.下列四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,正確的有(

)A.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0 B.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【變式1】某小學(xué)對(duì)小學(xué)生的課外活動(dòng)進(jìn)行了調(diào)查.調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示:參加舞蹈課外活動(dòng)的有63人,參加唱歌課外活動(dòng)的有89人,參加體育課外活動(dòng)的有47人,三種課外活動(dòng)都參加的有24人,只選擇兩種課外活動(dòng)參加的有22人,不參加其中任何一種課外活動(dòng)的有15人,則接受調(diào)查的小學(xué)生共有多少人?(

)A.120 B.144 C.177 D.192方法03SKIPIF1<0判別法【典例1】若“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0”是假命題,則a的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【典例2】若命題“SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0”是真命題,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是_______.【變式1】已知命題“SKIPIF1<0,使SKIPIF1<0”是假命題,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0方法04變量分離法【典例1】命題“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0”為真命題的一個(gè)充分不必要條件是(

)A.a(chǎn)2 B.a(chǎn)3 C.a(chǎn)5 D.a(chǎn)5【典例2】若“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0”為假命題,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小值為______.【變式1】命題“SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0”是真命題的一個(gè)必要不充分條件是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0四、數(shù)學(xué)思想01分類與整合思想【典例1】設(shè)集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【典例2】集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,寫出集合B的真子集;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍.02等價(jià)轉(zhuǎn)換思想【典例1】已知集合SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【典例2】設(shè)集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求a的值;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)a組成的集合C.【典例3】若集合SKIPIF1<0(1)用列舉法表示集合SKIPIF1<0.(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值.03數(shù)形結(jié)合的思想【典例1】有三支股票SKIPIF1<0位股民的持有情況如下:每位股民至少持有其中一支股票.在不持有SKIPIF1<0股票的人中,持有SKIPIF1<0股票的人數(shù)是持有SKIPIF1<0股票的人數(shù)的2倍.在持有SKIPIF1<0股票的人中,只持有SKIPIF1<0股票的人數(shù)比除了持有SKIPIF1<0股票外,同時(shí)還持有其它股票的人數(shù)多1.在只持有一支股票的人中,有一半持有SKIPIF1<0股票.則只持有SKIPIF1<0股票的股民人數(shù)是(

)A.7 B.6 C.5 D.4【典例2】某班有學(xué)生45人,經(jīng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),喜歡打籃球的學(xué)生有20人,喜歡打羽毛球的學(xué)生有32人,其中既喜歡打籃球,又喜歡打羽毛球的學(xué)生有15人,則該班學(xué)生中既不喜歡打籃球,也不喜歡打羽毛球的學(xué)生有________人.

第一章集合與常用邏輯用語章節(jié)能力驗(yàn)收測(cè)評(píng)卷一、單選題1.已知集合SKIPIF1<0,則下列結(jié)論錯(cuò)誤的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<02.已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<03.命題SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的否定應(yīng)該是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<04.設(shè)全集SKIPIF1<0,集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則圖中陰影部分表示的集合為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<05.已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則集合A與集合B之間的關(guān)系為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0?SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0?SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<06.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0為實(shí)數(shù),則“SKIPIF1<0”的一個(gè)充分非必要條件是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<07.已知集合SKIPIF1<0,集合SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<08.對(duì)于數(shù)集SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,定義SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若集合SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,則集合SKIPIF1<0中所有元素之和為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0二、多選題9.已知集合SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值可以是(

)A.2 B.3 C.4 D.510.(多選)已知命題SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若p是假命題,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<011.某校舉辦運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì),高一的兩個(gè)班共有120名同學(xué),已知參加跑步?拔河?籃球比賽的人數(shù)分別為58,38,52,同時(shí)參加跑步和拔河比賽的人數(shù)為18,同時(shí)參加拔河和籃球比賽的人數(shù)為16,同時(shí)參加跑步?拔河?籃球三項(xiàng)比賽的人數(shù)為12,三項(xiàng)比賽都不參加的人數(shù)為20,則(

)A.同時(shí)參加跑步和籃球比賽的人數(shù)為24B.只參加跑步比賽的人數(shù)為26C.只參加拔河比賽的人數(shù)為16D.只參加籃球比賽的人數(shù)為2212.當(dāng)兩個(gè)集合中一個(gè)集合為另一個(gè)集合的子集時(shí),稱這兩個(gè)集合構(gòu)成“全食”;當(dāng)兩個(gè)集合有公共元素,但互不為對(duì)方子集時(shí),稱這兩個(gè)集合成“偏食”.對(duì)于集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0構(gòu)成“全食”或“偏食”,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值可以是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0三、填空題:13.“SKIPIF1<0”是“SKIPIF1<0”的充分不必要條件,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0取值可以是___________(滿足條件即可).14.已知集合SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0___________

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