2022-2023學(xué)年甘肅省高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2甘肅省2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFantasticBooksYouCanReadWithinaDayStartinganewbookcanfeellikeabitofacommitment,butitdoesn’thavetobe!Herearefourbooksyoucanreadinasingleday.TheHouseonMangoStreetReleasedin1984andwrittenbyMexican-AmericanauthorSandraCisneros,TheHouseonMangoStreetisonly103pageslong.Itdealswithcomplexthemesandimportantsubjectmattersincludinglanguage,race,andaging.It’samovingreadbutonefuelledbyhopeforabetterfuture.TheMidnightLibraryTheMidnightLibraryfromtheEnglishauthorMattHaigwasreleasedin2020.It’s288pages.Thenovelisallaboutstorytelling,withNoraSeedexploringthe“whatifs”ofherlife.Thenovelasksamassivequestion:whatmakesalifeworthliving?ThePerilousLifeofJadeYeoReleasedin2012andwrittenbythefantasticMalaysian-EnglishauthorZenCho,thepagecountisanextremelymanageable76pages.ThenovelissetinLondoninthe1920sandfollowsthelifeofanotherwriter,JadeYeo.Whatreallysingshereisthefunny,turningdialogue,whichChomasters.ThingsFallApartThingsFallApartdebutedin1958fromtheNigerianwriterChinuaAchebe.It’ssetintheSouthEastofNigeriainafictionaltownandtracksthejourneyofalocalwrestlingchampionandIgboman,Okonkwo.At185pages,thebookisspacedoutintothreesections,eachofwhichoffersadifferentsnapshotofthedevelopingsituation.1.HowwouldyoufeelifyoureadTheHouseonMangoStreet?A.Hopeful.B.Tired.C.Relaxed. D.Confused.2.WhatistypicalofThePerilousLifeofJadeYeo?A.It’saboutatrip. B.It’ssuitablefortheelderly.C.It’sfullofdialogues. D.Ithasalotofsongs.3.Whichbookwillyoureadifyouwanttoknowaboutasportschampion?A.TheHouseonMangoStreet B.TheMidnightLibraryC.ThePerilousLifeofJadeYeo D.ThingsFallApart〖答案〗1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡單介紹了四本比較短小的，可以一天就讀完的小說。【1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheHouseonMangoStreet的最后一句“It’samovingreadbutonefuelledbyhopeforabetterfuture.(這是一個感人的故事，但卻充滿了對美好未來的希望。)”可知，讀《芒果街上的小屋》會使讀者內(nèi)心充滿希望。故選A項。【2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ThePerilousLifeofJadeYeo的最后一句“Whatreallysingshereisthefunny,turningdialogue,whichChomasters.(這里真正引人入勝的是Cho精通的幽默、扣人心弦的對話)”可知，Cho擅長寫人物間的對話，《玉瑤的危險生活》典型的特點：有很多對話。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThingsFallApart的“It’ssetintheSouthEastofNigeriainafictionaltownandtracksthejourneyofalocalwrestlingchampionandIgboman,Okonkwo.(故事發(fā)生在尼日利亞東南部的一個虛構(gòu)小鎮(zhèn)，講述了當(dāng)?shù)厮庸谲姟⒁敛┤藠W康科沃的旅程。)”可知，想了解一個體育冠軍，可以閱讀ThingsFallApart。故選D項。BGoodDeedsDaycontinuestoexpanditscirclesofgoodandhaveagreateffectonthelivesofmanycommunitiesandindividualsaroundtheworld.GoodDeedsDayisamaineventofyear-rounddoinggoodactivities,whichwassetupbyabusinesswomanShariArisonin2007.Onthisspecialday,millionsofpeopleacrosstheglobetakepartindoinggood.OnApril16,2023,thousandsofGoodDeedsDayprojectswereheldworldwidethatinvolvedmillionsofpeoplefrom110countries.Thedevelopmentandpositivespiritsurroundingthisinternationaleventofdoinggoodincreasesannually,withmillionsofpeoplejoiningintovolunteeranddosomethingpositiveforothers.GoodDeedsDaywasstarted17yearsagoinIsraelandhasgrownworldwide,crossingbordersandculturestobecomeaninternationallyunifyingdayofgood.ShariArisonexplainshowshewasinspiredtobringpeopletogethertodogooddeeds.“18yearsagowhenIwaswalking,Ithoughttomyselfthatifweconnectallthegooddeeds,peoplewillbegintoseethegoodnessintheworld.ThatishowGoodDeedsDaybegan,andthisyearwewillbecelebrating17yearsofdoinggoodyear-round.”“GoodDeedsDaycrossedborders,becameinternational,andhasreachedbynow110countriesthattakepart.Ifwethinkgood,speakgood,anddogood,ourworldwilllookbetter.It’sinourhands-eachandeveryoneofus,”sheadded.Andshewasgladtoseepeoplefromdifferentcountriesjoiningtogetherforthe“GoodDeedsDayCleaningEvent,”usingatrashpickupapp.Thehundredsofvolunteerscollectedgarbageintheircities,beaches,naturefieldsandimmediatelysharedpicturesoftheireffortstocleanupthegarbageontheapptoshoweffectworldwideandinspireeachother.4.WhatisGoodDeedsDay?A.Acircleofpeopleservingtheircommunity.B.Acelebratingdayincommunitiesglobally.C.Ayear-roundeventofdoinggoodactivities.D.Aglobalbusinessinvolvedbyallcountries.5.WhatisShariArison’spurposeofstartingGoodDeedsDay?A.Announcingthegoodnesstotheworld.B.BringingpeopletogethertocontributetoEarth.C.Celebrating17yearsofdoinggoodyear-round.D.Involvingallcountriesingivingahelpinghand.6.Howdidthevolunteersfromdifferentcountriesinspireeachother?A.Byjoiningpeoplefromdifferentcountriestogether.B.BytakingpartinGoodDeedsDaycleaningevent.C.Byvolunteeringtocollectgarbageintheircities.D.Bysharingpicturesoftheirclean-upontheapp.7.Whatdoesthetextwanttoconvey?A.Greatthingsmaybedonebymassefforts.B.Unitymaybepowerfulacrosstheworld.C.GoodDeedsDaycanmakeabigdifference.D.BusinesswomanShariArisonisagreatfigure.〖答案〗4.C5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了由商業(yè)女性沙里·阿里森于2007年創(chuàng)辦的全年做好事活動的“行善日”活動正在繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大其善行的范圍，并對世界各地的許多社區(qū)和個人產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“GoodDeedsDayisamaineventofyear-rounddoinggoodactivities,whichwassetupbyabusinesswomanShariArisonin2007.(行善日是由商業(yè)女性沙里·阿里森于2007年創(chuàng)辦的全年做好事活動的主要活動。)”可知，行善日是一個全年做好事活動的主要活動，故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ShariArisonexplainshowshewasinspiredtobringpeopletogethertodogooddeeds.‘18yearsagowhenIwaswalking,Ithoughttomyselfthatifweconnectallthegooddeeds,peoplewillbegintoseethegoodnessintheworld.'(沙里·阿里森解釋了她是如何受到啟發(fā)，將人們聚集在一起做好事?！?8年前，當(dāng)我在走路時，我想到如果我們把所有的好事連接起來，人們就會開始看到世界上的善良”。)”可知，阿里森設(shè)立行善日的目的是在世界各地，各國人們聚集在一起做好事，讓世人體會到世界的善良，故選B項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Andshewasgladtoseepeoplefromdifferentcountriesjoiningtogetherforthe‘GoodDeedsDayCleaningEvent,’usingatrashpickupapp.Thehundredsofvolunteerscollectedgarbageintheircities,beaches,naturefieldsandimmediatelysharedpicturesoftheireffortstocleanupthegarbageontheapptoshoweffectworldwideandinspireeachother.(她很高興看到來自不同國家的人們聚集在一起參加‘行善日清潔活動’，使用一款垃圾清理應(yīng)用程序。數(shù)百名志愿者在他們的城市、海灘和自然領(lǐng)域收集垃圾，并立即在應(yīng)用程序上分享他們清理垃圾的努力的照片，以展示全球的影響并相互激勵。)”可知，來自不同國家的志愿者通過在應(yīng)用程序上分享自己清理垃圾的照片來相互激勵。故選D項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第一段“GoodDeedsDaycontinuestoexpanditscirclesofgoodandhaveagreateffectonthelivesofmanycommunitiesandindividualsaroundtheworld.(“行善日”活動繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大其善行的范圍，并對世界各地的許多社區(qū)和個人產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。)”可知，本文介紹了“行善日”的活動,說明每個人付出一份力量,就會成就偉大的事情。故選A項。CIfyouwanttoachievemoreofyourgoalsinlife,oneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoistotakecareofyourhealth.Committingtoahealthyandbalanceddietcanbeagamechangerwhenitcomestoproductivityandsuccess.Asasayinggoes,“Anappleadaykeepsadoctoraway.”Butdidyouknowthatanappleadaydoesnotonlykeepthedoctorawaybutcanevenpossiblyimproveyourproductivity?Actually,peoplewhoeatmorefruitsandvegetablescanbehappier,morecreativeand,yes,evenmoreproductive.Fruitsandvegetablesseemtohelpelevateaperson’slevelofcuriosityandgeneralwellbeing.Actually,notonlydoesahealthydietimproveaperson’swellbeing,italsoseemstopreventpotentiallyharmfulconditions.Tostartwith,ahealthydietprovidesyourbodywiththenutrientsyouneedtofunctionproperly.Thefoodsyoueatarechangedintoglucose(葡萄糖),whichthentransformsitintotheenergythatpowersyourbodyandbrain.Whenyourbodyisrunninglowonglucose,youwillprobablyexperiencesometroublewhentryingtofocusandconcentrate.Ontopofthat,ahealthydietislinkedtohealthiermentalhealth.Whenyoueatabalanceddiet,youareessentiallygivingyourbodythefuelitneedstoworkefficientlyandeffectively.Ahealthierversionofyou,physicallyandmentally,allowsyoutofocusonyourgoalsandonwhatyoureallywanttobedoing.Allinall,ifyouwanttobemoreproductiveandreachyourpersonalgoals,workgoalsandanyotherdreamsyouhave,pleaseputyourhealthatthetopofyourprioritylist.Byeatingabalancedandhealthydiet,youcangiveyourbodythenutrientsitneedstofunctionatitsbest.8.WhatdoesParagraph1tellus?A.Eatingrightcanimproveoverallwellbeing.B.Everyoneshouldhavetheirpersonalgoals.C.Successliesinlookingafterone’sownhealth.D.Productivityandsuccesscomefromchange.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elevate”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Decline. B.Limit. C.Satisfy. D.Improve.10.Whatmaycauseyoutofailtoconcentrate?A.Toomanynutrientsinthediet. B.Anytroublesomeexperiences.C.Lackofglucoseinyourbody. D.Lackofpowerinyourbrain.11.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestion?A.Puttingyourownhealthonthelist. B.Eatingabalancedandhealthydiet.C.Achievingyourpersonaldreams. D.Givingyourmindenoughnutrients.〖答案〗8.A9.D10.C11.B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要講述了保持健康對于實現(xiàn)人生目標(biāo)的重要性。【8題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyouwanttoachievemoreofyourgoalsinlife,oneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoistotakecareofyourhealth.Committingtoahealthyandbalanceddietcanbeagamechangerwhenitcomestoproductivityandsuccess.(如果你想實現(xiàn)更多的人生目標(biāo)，你能做的最重要的事情之一就是照顧好你的健康。當(dāng)談到工作效率和成功時，堅持健康均衡的飲食可以改變游戲規(guī)則。)”可知，正確的飲食可以改善整體健康。故選A項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Fruitsandvegetablesseemtohelpelevateaperson’slevelofcuriosityandgeneralwellbeing.Actually,notonlydoesahealthydietimproveaperson’swellbeing,italsoseemstopreventpotentiallyharmfulconditions.(水果和蔬菜似乎有助于elevate一個人的好奇心和總體幸福感。實際上，健康的飲食不僅能改善一個人的健康，似乎還能預(yù)防潛在的有害疾病。)”可知，elevate與下文中的improve意思相近，故選D項。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Whenyourbodyisrunninglowonglucose,youwillprobablyexperiencesometroublewhentryingtofocusandconcentrate.(當(dāng)你的身體葡萄糖不足時，你可能會在集中注意力時遇到一些麻煩。)”可知，體內(nèi)缺乏葡萄糖會導(dǎo)致無法集中注意力。故選C項?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Allinall,ifyouwanttobemoreproductiveandreachyourpersonalgoals,workgoalsandanyotherdreamsyouhave,pleaseputyourhealthatthetopofyourprioritylist.Byeatingabalancedandhealthydiet,youcangiveyourbodythenutrientsitneedstofunctionatitsbest.(總而言之，如果你想提高工作效率，實現(xiàn)你的個人目標(biāo)、工作目標(biāo)和任何其他夢想，請把你的健康放在首要位置。通過均衡健康的飲食，你可以給你的身體所需的營養(yǎng)，使其處于最佳狀態(tài)。)”可知，作者建議吃均衡的健康的飲食。故選B項。DThereareveryfewplacesinthedesertwherewaterisplentiful.ButnowaJordanianstartuphascreatedanincrediblyefficientAtmosphericWaterGeneratingDevice(AWG)thatcangeneratewaterineventhedriestenvironments.Foradryandthirstyregion,thisdevicecanbeagamechanger.Jordanisoneofthemostwaterinsecurecountriesintheworld,andwiththepopulationgrowing,theneedforwaterisbecomingmorecritical.Inmanyareas,waterisonlyavailablefor36hoursaweek.“Oursituation—withthelackofnaturalresourcesandwater—putsusinapositionwherewehavetodosomething,”TamerAl-Salah,managingdirectorofBeyondCapital,aventurecapitalfirmbasedinJordan,said.“Climateentrepreneurship(創(chuàng)業(yè))isimportantandit’sgrowing.”“That’swhereAquaporocomesin.”CEOKyleCordovaandengineeringdirectorHusamAlmassad,“AquaporostartedworkinginCordova’sresearchlabatJordan’sRoyalScientificSocietythreeyearsagotodevelopanAWGdevicethatcouldcopynaturebypullingwateroutofthedesertair.Infact,thedevicecanpulloutmorethandoubletheamountofotherwaterharvestingdevicesindesertareas.”Thedeviceusesspecialmaterialsthatcancapturewaterfromthedesertair.Thewateristhenpurifiedsothatitisfitforhumanconsumption.Ifthatwerenotenough,thedeviceisalsosolarpowered,sothatitcanbeusedanywhere.It’sreportedthattheAquaporo’smachinewhichisaboutthesizeofanairconditioningunithasimpressedtheJordaniangovernmentsomuchthattheyhaveordered1000unitsthattheyhopetohandoutforfreetofamiliesthroughoutthecountryin2024.Inreality,theideaofcollectingwaterfromtheairisnotnew.Peoplehavebeenharvestingwaterdropsusingbothman-madeandnaturalmaterialsforthousandsofyears.WhatmakesAquaporoanditsresearcherssospecialistheirabilitytolooktothepastforsolutionsandusetoday’stechnologytomakethosesolutionsevenbetter.12.WhatisthefunctionofAWG?A.Creatinganincrediblyefficientdevice. B.Producingwaterindryandthirstyareas.C.Purifyingwaterinthedriestenvironments. D.Changinglivingconditionsinadryregion.13.HowdidresearchersinAquaporofirstconducttheirresearchwork?A.Byexperimentinginthelab. B.Bypullingwaterinthedeserts.C.Bydevelopingasuitabledevice. D.Bydoublingtheamountofwater.14.WhatdoweknowabouttheAquaporo’smachinefromthepassage?A.It’slikeanair-conditionertogeneratewater.B.Itisbeingproducedbythelocalgovernment.C.Ithasbeensenttoallfamiliesfreeofcharge.D.Ithasn’tbeengiventopeopleacrossthecountry.15.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthistext?A.ADeviceSatisfiesPeople’sUsageofWaterB.WaterisAvailableforEverydayUseinJordanC.NewStartupCreatesWaterfromtheDesertAirD.Today’sTechnologyMakesLifeEvenBetter〖答案〗12.B13.A14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文為一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了約旦的一家初創(chuàng)公司Aquaporo花了三年時間在實驗室中研發(fā)了一款高效的大氣水生成裝備，能在干燥的環(huán)境中也能產(chǎn)生水，給干旱和缺水地區(qū)帶來了福音?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ButnowaJordanianstartuphascreatedanincrediblyefficientAtmosphericWaterGeneratingDevice(AWG)thatcangeneratewaterineventhedriestenvironments.Foradryandthirstyregion,thisdevicecanbeagamechanger.(但現(xiàn)在，一家約旦初創(chuàng)公司發(fā)明了一種非常高效的大氣水生成裝置(AWG)，即使在最干燥的環(huán)境中也能產(chǎn)生水。對于干旱和口渴的地區(qū)，這個設(shè)備可以改變游戲規(guī)則。)”可知，AWG是一個非常高效的大氣水生成裝置，最干燥的環(huán)境中也能產(chǎn)生水，給干旱和缺水的地區(qū)提供水。故選B項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“‘That’swhereAquaporocomesin.’CEOKyleCordovaandengineeringdirectorHusamAlmassad,‘AquaporostartedworkinginCordova’sresearchlabatJordan’sRoyalScientificSocietythreeyearsagotodevelopanAWGdevicethatcouldcopynaturebypullingwateroutofthedesertair.(‘這就是Aquaporo的用武之地?！紫瘓?zhí)行官KyleCordova和工程總監(jiān)HusamAlmassad表示：‘Aquaporo三年前開始在Cordova位于約旦皇家科學(xué)學(xué)會的研究實驗室工作，開發(fā)一種AWG設(shè)備，可以通過從沙漠空氣中提取水分來復(fù)制大自然?！?”可知，研究者們在研究實驗室花了三年時間，通過實驗法，研制了這個AWG設(shè)備。故選A項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“It’sreportedthattheAquaporo’smachinewhichisaboutthesizeofanairconditioningunithasimpressedtheJordaniangovernmentsomuchthattheyhaveordered1000unitsthattheyhopetohandoutforfreetofamiliesthroughoutthecountryin2024.(據(jù)報道，Aquaporo的空調(diào)大小的機器給約旦政府留下了深刻的印象，他們訂購了1000臺，希望在2024年免費分發(fā)給全國各地的家庭。)”可知，約旦政預(yù)定了1000臺機器，目前并沒有機器分發(fā)到各個家庭。故選D項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第一段“Thereareveryfewplacesinthedesertwherewaterisplentiful.ButnowaJordanianstartuphascreatedanincrediblyefficientAtmosphericWaterGeneratingDevice(AWG)thatcangeneratewaterineventhedriestenvironments.Foradryandthirstyregion,thisdevicecanbeagamechanger.(沙漠中很少有水源充足的地方。但現(xiàn)在，一家約旦初創(chuàng)公司發(fā)明了一種非常高效的大氣水生成裝置(AWG)，即使在最干燥的環(huán)境中也能產(chǎn)生水。對于干旱和缺水的地區(qū)，這個設(shè)備可以改變游戲規(guī)則。)”可知，本文介紹了約旦的一家初創(chuàng)公司研發(fā)了一款高效的大氣水生成裝備，能在干燥的環(huán)境中也能產(chǎn)生水，所以C項“NewStartupCreatesWaterfromtheDesertAir”適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thereissomethingmagicalabouthiking.Whetheryou’reaseasonedhikerornewtothetrails,hikingofferslotsofbenefitsformind,bodyandsoul.____16____Boostphysicalfitness.____17____Althoughotherformsofexercisearegreatforyourhealth,hikinghasbenefitsthatcan’tbereplacedbyabike.Hikingbuildsmusclestrength.So,notonlywillyouenjoythegreatoutdoors,youwillalsoimproveyourhealth.Improvementalwell-being.Hikinghasaprofoundimpactonyourmentalwell-being,offeringamuchneededbreakfromthestressesofdailylife.____18____Inadditiontothefunandenjoymentyoucanexperience,thereareotherrealbenefitsyoucanstarttoobserve.____19____Hikingprovidesawonderfulopportunityforstrengtheningsocialconnectionsandtrainingasenseofcommunity.Whetheryougoonahikewithfriendsorjoinahikinggroup,thesharedexperiencescanbehighlybeneficialandcancreatewonderfulsharedmemories.Hikingishard,butitmaintainsyourmotivation.Sograbafriendorjoinalocalhikinggroup,andexperiencethejoyofconnectingwithotherswhileexploringnature.Improvecognitive(認(rèn)知的)function.Anamazingaddedbenefittohikingisimprovedcognitivefunction.Engaginginphysicalactivitywhilebeingsurroundedbynaturestimulatesthebrain,leadingittoimprovefocus,creativityandproblem-solvingskills.Spendingtimeinnaturecanimprovecognitivefunctionandattentionspan.____20____Adropinspendingtimeinnatureandinphysicalactivitycanpossiblycauseacognitivedecline.Whoknewthatthesensoryexperiencesthatyouencounterduringhikingcouldhelpyougainclarityandpeaceofmind?A.Andtheoppositeisalsotrue.B.Strengthensocialconnections.C.Experiencethejoyofgettingclosetonature.D.Whynotmakeuseoftheprecioustimetoenjoyyourself?E.Hikingisanexcellentwaytoimproveyouroverallfitness.F.Spendingtimeinnature,includinghiking,improvesmentalhealth.G.Sograbyourhikingtoolsandexplorethebenefitstomakeyouenergized!〖答案〗16.G17.E18.F19.B20.A【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whetheryou’reaseasonedhikerornewtothetrails,hikingofferslotsofbenefitsformind,bodyandsoul.(無論你是經(jīng)驗豐富的徒步旅行者還是新手，徒步旅行對身心都有很多好處。)”，以及下文的每段第一句的小標(biāo)題可知，徒步有很多好處，G項“Sograbyourhikingtoolsandexplorethebenefitstomakeyouenergized!(所以，帶上你的徒步工具，探索讓你精力充沛的好處吧！)”，G項在此承上啟下，與上文為因果關(guān)系。故選G項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Boostphysicalfitness可知，本段講述徒步促進(jìn)身體健康。下文“Althoughotherformsofexercisearegreatforyourhealth,hikinghasbenefitsthatcan’tbereplacedbyabike.Hikingbuildsmusclestrength.So,notonlywillyouenjoythegreatoutdoors,youwillalsoimproveyourhealth.(雖然其他形式的運動對你的健康很有好處，但徒步旅行的好處是自行車無法取代的。徒步旅行可以增強肌肉力量。所以，你不僅會享受戶外的美景，還會改善你的健康。)”可知，其它形式的運動方式對健康的影響力不如徒步帶來的好處多，E項“Hikingisanexcellentwaytoimproveyouroverallfitness.(徒步旅行是一個很好的方式來提高你的整體健康。)”，fitness為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，上下文語意一致，銜接連貫。故選E項。【18題詳析】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Improvementalwell-being可知，本段講述徒步改善心理健康。上文“Hikinghasaprofoundimpactonyourmentalwell-being,offeringamuchneededbreakfromthestressesofdailylife.(徒步對你的心理健康有深遠(yuǎn)的影響，讓你從日常生活的壓力中解脫出來。)”可知，徒步有助于釋放日常生活中的壓力，F(xiàn)項“Spendingtimeinnature,includinghiking,improvesmentalhealth.(花時間在大自然中，包括徒步旅行，可以改善心理健康。)”，mentalhealth與mentalwell-being語意一致。故選F項?！?9題詳析】此處考查小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Hikingprovidesawonderfulopportunityforstrengtheningsocialconnectionsandtrainingasenseofcommunity.(徒步旅行為加強社會聯(lián)系和培養(yǎng)社區(qū)意識提供了絕佳的機會。)”可知，本段講述徒步有助于加強社會聯(lián)系，B項“Strengthensocialconnections.(加強社會聯(lián)系。)”與本段語意一致，socialconnections為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞。故選B項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Spendingtimeinnaturecanimprovecognitivefunctionandattentionspan.(花時間在大自然中可以改善認(rèn)知功能和注意力廣度。)”可知，徒步能提高認(rèn)知功能，下文“Adropinspendingtimeinnatureandinphysicalactivitycanpossiblycauseacognitivedecline.(在大自然和體育活動中花費的時間減少可能會導(dǎo)致認(rèn)知能力下降。)”，上文和下文陳述的是兩種相反條件下的結(jié)果，A項“Andtheoppositeisalsotrue.(反之亦然。)”，A項承上啟下，上下文銜接連貫，故選A項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Childhoodshouldbefulloffriends,play,andhappiness.Butwhenchildrenare____21____andwithouttheirpeergroup,theymay____22____ahelpinghandtogetbackontrack.That’swhyschoolsinIndiaareteaching____23____.Actually,itisimportantto____24____kidstoberesilient(有彈力的).Theyneededa(n)____25____thatcouldtrainstudentstoidentifyemotionsandwaystochannelthem.Thehappinesscoursewas____26____startedbytheIndiangovernmentin2018.It____27____mentalhealth,well-being.Italsoencouraged____28____peerconnectionsforelementaryschoolchildren.Thecourseincludedstorytellingandteamworkactivities.“Thehappinesscourseisa(n)____29____,andschoolsshouldwelcomeit.Theobjectivesincludedevelopingself-awareness,mindfulness,criticalthinking,andhelpingchildren_____30_____lifeskillstodealwithstress,”saidShikhaBanerjee,theprincipaloftheSethAnandramJaipuriaSchoolinKanpur.“Mindfulnessisthecornerstoneofthehappinesscourseanditsbiggest_____31_____isthateveryday1.6millionchildreninDelhistarttheirstudiesinschoolwithmindfulness.Ithas_____32_____asaturningpointinthelivesofstudentsstudyinginDelhischoolsandhasrelieved(緩解)childrenfromstressand_____33_____theirfocusinstudies,”deputychiefministerManishSisodiasaidduringtheMindfulEducationAwards2021program.Theawardisaninitiativeto_____34_____theeffortsofschoolsincreatingamentallyandphysicallyhealthy_____35_____forthedevelopmentofchildrenthroughteachingmindfulness.21.A.sad B.afraid C.lonely D.angry22.A.need B.offer C.lend D.give23.A.lessons B.happiness C.standard D.subjects24.A.allow B.persuade C.train D.direct25.A.ability B.chance C.guide D.course26.A.gradually B.originally C.finally D.specially27.A.focusedon B.dependedon C.stuckto D.consistedof28.A.classic B.typical C.various D.positive29.A.example B.surprise C.success D.conclusion30.A.apply B.practice C.contain D.adapt31.A.desire B.image C.concern D.beauty32.A.hosted B.acted C.come D.put33.A.limited B.located C.distracted D.increased34.A.recognize B.measure C.advocate D.confirm35.A.phenomenon B.environment C.qualification D.relationship〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.B27.A28.D29.C30.A31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了印度學(xué)校開設(shè)幸福課程的原因和效果?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)孩子們感到孤獨并且沒有同齡人群體時，他們可能需要幫助才能回到正軌。A.sad悲傷的；B.afraid害怕的；C.lonely孤獨的；D.angry憤怒的。根據(jù)上文“Childhoodshouldbefulloffriends,play,andhappiness.(童年應(yīng)該充滿朋友、玩耍和快樂。)”，以及本句空前的But，可知，此處與上句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此處指孩子沒有朋友陪伴，故lonely符合語境。故選C項。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)孩子們感到孤獨并且沒有同齡人群體時，他們可能需要幫助才能回到正軌。A.need需要；B.offer提供；C.lend借出；D.give給予。根據(jù)空前Butwhenchildrenare________andwithouttheirpeergroup可知，孩子沒有伙伴會孤獨，所以要回到正軌，變得幸福，需要（need）有人出手幫忙。故填A(yù)項。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是為什么印度的學(xué)校教授幸福課程。A.lessons課程；B.happiness幸福；C.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；D.subjects科目。根據(jù)上文“Childhoodshouldbefulloffriends,play,andhappiness.Butwhenchildrenare________andwithouttheirpeergroup,theymay________ahelpinghandtogetbackontrack.(童年應(yīng)該充滿朋友、玩耍和快樂。但是，當(dāng)孩子們感到孤獨并且沒有同齡人群體時，他們可能需要幫助才能回到正軌。)”可知，happiness為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，印度學(xué)校開始幸福課程，是因為孩子們需要幫助，把他們拉回到正常的軌道，故選B項。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，培養(yǎng)孩子的適應(yīng)力是很重要的。A.allow允許；B.persuade說服；C.train培養(yǎng)，訓(xùn)練；D.direct管理；監(jiān)督。根據(jù)上文“Butwhenchildrenare________andwithouttheirpeergroup,theymay________ahelpinghandtogetbackontrack.(但是，當(dāng)孩子們感到孤獨并且沒有同齡人群體時，他們可能需要幫助才能回到正軌。)”，以及下文kidstoberesilient可知，對于孤獨的沒有同齡人陪伴的孩子們，需要培養(yǎng)其適應(yīng)能力。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們需要一個可以訓(xùn)練學(xué)生識別情緒和引導(dǎo)情緒的方法的課程。A.ability能力；B.chance機會；C.guide指導(dǎo)；D.course課程。根據(jù)下文“Thehappinesscoursewas_______startedbytheIndiangovernmentin2018.(幸福課程最初由印度政府于2018年開始。)”可知，course為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸福課程最初由印度政府于2018年啟動。A.gradually逐漸；B.originally起初；C.finally最后；D.specially特別。根據(jù)時間狀語in2018可知，此處介紹幸福課程最初啟動的時間點，originally符合語境。故選B項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：它關(guān)注心理健康和幸福。A.focusedon專注于；B.dependedon依賴；C.stuckto堅持；D.consistedof由……組成。根據(jù)空后的mentalhealth,well-being可知，這門課專注于這兩項內(nèi)容，focusedon符合語境。故選A項?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它還鼓勵小學(xué)生建立積極的同伴關(guān)系。A.classic經(jīng)典的；B.typical典型的；C.various各種的；D.positive樂觀的，積極的。根據(jù)下文“Thecourseincludedstorytellingandteamworkactivities.(該課程包括講故事和團(tuán)隊合作活動)”可知，該課程也鼓勵積極的同伴關(guān)系。故選D項?！?9題詳析】考查形名詞義辨析。句意：幸福課程是成功的，學(xué)校應(yīng)該歡迎它。A.example示例；B.surprise驚喜；C.success成功；D.conclusion結(jié)論。根據(jù)后半句andschoolsshouldwelcomeit可知，學(xué)校接納這個課程，是因為該課程是一個成功的課程，asuccess意為“一個成功的人或事”，故選C項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：（課程）目標(biāo)包括培養(yǎng)自我意識，正念，批判性思維，并幫助兒童應(yīng)用生活技能來應(yīng)對壓力。A.apply應(yīng)用；B.practice實踐；C.contain包含；D.adapt適應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文“Theyneededa(n)________thatcouldtrainstudentstoidentifyemotionsandwaystochannelthem.(他們需要一個可以訓(xùn)練學(xué)生識別情緒和引導(dǎo)情緒的方法的課程。)”，以及本句中todealwithstress可知，面對壓力，課程指導(dǎo)孩子們運用技能去積極應(yīng)對，apply符合語境。故選A項。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正念是幸福課程的基石，它最大的魅力在于，德里每天有160萬兒童以正念開始他們的學(xué)習(xí)。A.desire愿望；B.image形象；C.concern關(guān)注；D.beauty美。根據(jù)后半句“thateveryday1.6millionchildreninDelhistarttheirstudiesinschoolwithmindfulness”可知，因為有很多學(xué)生以正念開始他們的學(xué)習(xí)，由此可知，這么課程有很大的魅力。故選D項。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這已成為在德里學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生生活的一個轉(zhuǎn)折點，減輕了孩子們的壓力，提高了他們在學(xué)習(xí)上的注意力。A.hosted主辦；B.acted表現(xiàn)；C.come來；D.put安置。根據(jù)句中aturningpoint可知，此處考查comeas意為“成為”。故選C項。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.limited限制；B.located定位；C.distracted分心；D.increased增加。根據(jù)上文“Thehappinesscourseisa(n)________,andschoolsshouldwelcomeit.(幸福課程是成功的，學(xué)校應(yīng)該歡迎它。)”可知，幸福課程可以給學(xué)生帶來好處，前半句Ithas________asaturningpointinthelivesofstudentsstudyinginDelhischools，以及空后theirfocusinstudies可知，幸福課程中的正念能提高了學(xué)生的注意力。increased符合語境，故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：該獎項是一項倡議，旨在表彰學(xué)校通過教授正念，認(rèn)可為兒童的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造身心健康環(huán)境所做的努力。A.recognize承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可；B.measure測量；C.advocate提倡；D.confirm確認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“theeffortsofschoolsincreatingamentallyandphysicallyhealthy”可知，通過頒發(fā)獎項表示認(rèn)可（recognize）學(xué)校為兒童的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造身心健康環(huán)境所做的努力。故選A項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該獎項是一項倡議，旨在表彰學(xué)校通過教授正念，認(rèn)可為兒童的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造身心健康環(huán)境所做的努力。A.phenomenon現(xiàn)象；B.environment環(huán)境；C.qualification資格；D.relationship關(guān)系。根據(jù)空前“creatingamentallyandphysicallyhealthy”可知，此處是指創(chuàng)造身心健康的環(huán)境。故選B項第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinaisemergingasagloballeaderinaviation(航空)decarbonization(脫碳),accordingtoindustryexperts.Thisdevelopmentis___36___resultofthescaleofthecountry’saviationmarketand___37___(it)newtechnologiesandpoliciesaimedatreducingcarbonemissions(排放),theysaid.“Astheworld’ssecond-largesteconomy,China___38___(expect)tobetheworld’slargestaviationmarketby2030.WebelieveChinaplaysanimportantpartinaviationdecarbonizationwithadeepimpactonthedecarbonizationofaviation___39___(global),”saidMartinThomsen,seniorvice-presidentofAirBP,thespecializedaviationdivisionofBP,previously___40___(know)asBritishPetroleum,aLondon-basedmultinational.“WebelievethatthiswillleadtoanexpansionofSAFproduction,___41___couldsupplydomesticandglobalmarkets___42___playakeyroleinsupportingthedecarbonizationofsupplychains,”hesaid.Despitecurrentchallengesinrawmaterialsupplies,technologyandpolicies,China’sSAFindustryfacessignificantopportunitiesand___43___(have)certainadvantages,saidLuoZuoxian,headofintelligenceandresearchattheSinopecEconomicsandDevelopmentResearchInstitute.Itwillmakeimportant___44___(contribution)inreducingcarbonemissionsinthe