2023-2024學(xué)年東北三省四校高三下學(xué)期第四次模擬考試英語試題(解析版)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE2東北三省四校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第四次模擬考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMedicalExaminationInstructionsThesemedicalinstructionsarebeingissuedasyourimmigration(移民)applicationhasreachedthestagewheremedicalexaminationresultsarerequired.When,whoandhowtocompleteyourImmigrationMedicalExaminationYouarerequiredtohavethemedicalexaminationwithin30daysofthedateofthisletter;yourmedicalexaminationmustbeperformedbyadoctorfromtheIRCClistofPanelPhysicians;bookanappointmentwithaPanelPhysicianinyourareaassoonaspossible.Onceyourmedicalexaminationhasbeencompleted,thePanelPhysicianwillsubmitmedicalresultstoIRCCforassessment.ToobtainacopyofyourImmigrationMedicalExamination,pleaseaskthePanelPhysicianatthetimeofyourappointment.PayingforyourImmigrationMedicalExaminationAnycostsrelatedtothemedicalexaminationareyourresponsibilityandarepayabletothePanelPhysicianatthetimeofexamination.ThispaymentisforthePanelPhysician'sservicesandcannotbereturnedevenifyourimmigrationapplicationisrefusedorthevalidityperiod(有效期)ofyourimmigrationmedicalexaminationends.Note:IfyouarequalifiedforcoverageundertheInterimFederalHealthProgram,thecostsrelatedtoyourimmigrationmedicalexaminationmaybecoveredbytheIFHP.PleaseconfirmwiththePanelPhysicianinyourareathattheyareregisteredwiththeIFHP.WhatmustIbringtomyappointment?★TheattachedMedicalReportform★Identification,includingyourpassportifoneisavailable(Proofofidentitymustincludeatleastonegovernment-issueddocumentwithphotographandsignature,suchasapassport.)★Eyeglassesorcontactlenses(隱形眼鏡),ifworn★Fourrecentphotographs★ForindividualsqualifiedforMigrationMedicalExaminationcoverageundertheInterimFederalHealthProgram,pleasebringoneofthefollowingdocuments:●RefugeeProtectionClaimantDocument●TheInterimFederalHealthCertificate●AcknowledgementofClaimandNoticetoReturnforInterviewIfavailable,youmaybeofferedvaccinations(接種疫苗)bythePanelPhysician.1.Afteryourmedicalexamination,_________.A.theprevioushealthreportsoughttobeconsultedB.youwillsubmittheresultstoIRCCforassessmentC.thePanelPhysicianwillpresenttheresultstoIRCCD.youwillsurelyobtainacopyofexaminationresultsbythephysician2.Ifyourimmigrationapplicationisrefused,whichstatementisrightaboutthecosts?A.TheIFHPwillcoverthem. B.Theycannotbereturned.C.ThePanelPhysicianwillpayincash. D.Theywillbereturnedifyouapply.3.Whichofthefollowingmustbebroughttotheappointment?A.Proofofidentity. B.TheFederalHealthCertificate.C.Theapplicationform. D.Medicalexaminationinstructions.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要說明了移民申請中的體格檢查的一些要求和注意事項(xiàng)。〖答案〗1.C2.B3.A【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Onceyourmedicalexaminationhasbeencompleted,thePanelPhysicianwillsubmitmedicalresultstoIRCCforassessment.(一旦你的體檢完成，體檢小組醫(yī)生將把體檢結(jié)果提交給IRCC進(jìn)行評估)”可知，體檢后，體檢小組醫(yī)師將向IRCC提交體檢結(jié)果。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThispaymentisforthePanelPhysician'sservicesandcannotbereturnedevenifyourimmigrationapplicationisrefusedorthevalidityperiod(有效期)ofyourimmigrationmedicalexaminationends.(這筆費(fèi)用是專家組醫(yī)生服務(wù)的費(fèi)用，即使您的移民申請被拒絕或您的移民體檢有效期結(jié)束，這筆費(fèi)用也不能退還)”可知，如果你的移民申請被拒絕，無法退費(fèi)。B選項(xiàng)“無法退費(fèi)”正確。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatmustIbringtomyappointment?部分中“★Identification,includingyourpassportifoneisavailable(Proofofidentitymustincludeatleastonegovernment-issueddocumentwithphotographandsignature,suchasapassport.)(身份證明，包括護(hù)照（身份證明必須包括至少一份政府簽發(fā)的有照片和簽名的文件，如護(hù)照）)”可知，身份證明必須帶去赴約。故選A。BWallStreetbankers,investorsandeconomistshaveformonthsarguedoverwhetheraUSrecession(衰退)iscoming.ButforsomeAmericans,theunforgivingeconomicpaintypicalduringrecessionhasalreadysetin.AlBrownandhiswifefacedatoughcallinMaywhenreviewingtheirweeklybudget:what’sahigherpriority,morefoodordishsoap?BasedinConcord,NorthCarolina,Brownwasthemainbreadwinnerforhiswifeandtheirtwochildren.TheninApril,hewasletgofromhisjobasaglobaldirectorofbusinessdevelopmentatsoftwarecompanyCascade.He’ssincequithisgymmembershipandsoldvariousitemsaroundhishome,includingacomputerandyardfurniture.His13-year-oldsonquitthebasketballteam.Brown,37,nowspendshisdayssearchingtheinternetforjobsorreachingouttopotentialconnections.Afterfilingover600applications,onlyahandfulhaveproducedinterviews.That’safarcryfromthelabor-marketstrengthdescribedingovernmentfigures.InvestorsandeconomistshavebeenexpectingarecessionsincelastyearastheFedraisedinterestratestocontrolinflation(通貨膨脹).Thatcausedcompaniestofocusonprofitabilityovergrowth,whichmeantcuttingspendingandreducingtheirworkforces.“Ithinkit’sunlikelythatIwillgetanothergoodpayingjobwithgreatbenefitsliketheoneIhad,”McCollum,wholivesinCleveland,Ohio,said.MoreAmericansarelikelytoencountersimilarcases,someexpertspredict.“Aswegothroughthisyear,andintonextyear,thereisstillgoingtobethisfocusontryingtoreducecosts,anditisgoingtoresultinmoreunemployment,”saidThomasSimons,asenioreconomistatJefferies.“Theimpactoflayoffs,currentlyconcentratedamongwhite-collarworkers,willlastthroughouttheeconomythrougha‘bigpullbackinoverallspending’,”Simonssaid.“Consumerspendingaccountsforabouttwo-thirdsofeconomicoutput,soifmoreAmericansareforcedtocutbackbecausetheywerelaidoff,thatmightthrowtheUSeconomyintoarecession.”4.WhataresomeAmericanscurrentlygoingthrough?A.Theycan’taffordnecessitiesoflife. B.They’velostinterestinhigh-endgyms.C.Theyarebadlytreatedbytheirbosses. D.Theyhavedifficultymakingendsmeet.5.WhatdoestheauthorwanttodemonstratethroughBrown’sjobhunting?A.Oneshouldtryvariouswaystofindajob.B.Americanlabormarketisnotthatfriendlytojob-seekers.C.Fewcompaniesareinterestedinmiddle-agedjob-hunters.D.Thegovernmentprovidesaccuratefiguresofthejobmarket.6.Howdocompaniesdealwiththeeconomicstruggles?A.Byemployingmoreworkers. B.Bychanginginterestrates.C.Bygivingprioritytoprofits. D.Bycuttingemployees’allowances.7.WhichstatementwillThomasSimonsprobablyagreewith?A.Laid-offworkerstendtogointodebt.B.Lowerconsumptionmayworsenthecurrentsituation.C.Americanswillspendmoretoincreaseeconomicoutput.D.Companiesaretoblamefortheunemploymentofwhite-collarworkers.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了美國正在經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，以布朗一家為例說明了其影響?！即鸢浮?.D5.B6.C7.B【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WallStreetbankers,investorsandeconomistshaveformonthsarguedoverwhetheraUSrecession(衰退)iscoming.ButforsomeAmericans,theunforgivingeconomicpaintypicalduringrecessionhasalreadysetin.(數(shù)月來，華爾街銀行家、投資者和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家一直在爭論美國是否即將陷入衰退。但對一些美國人來說，經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間典型的無情的經(jīng)濟(jì)痛苦已經(jīng)開始了)”以及后文布朗家生活日漸拮據(jù)的例子表明，一些美國人目前正在經(jīng)歷入不敷出。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Brown,37,nowspendshisdayssearchingtheinternetforjobsorreachingouttopotentialconnections.Afterfilingover600applications,onlyahandfulhaveproducedinterviews.That’safarcryfromthelabor-marketstrengthdescribedingovernmentfigures.(37歲的布朗現(xiàn)在每天都在網(wǎng)上搜索工作，或者聯(lián)系潛在的人脈。在提交了600多份申請后，只有少數(shù)獲得了面試機(jī)會。這與政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)所描述的勞動力市場強(qiáng)勁程度相去甚遠(yuǎn))”可知，作者想通過布朗的求職來證明美國勞動力市場對求職者并不那么友好。故選B。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thatcausedcompaniestofocusonprofitabilityovergrowth,whichmeantcuttingspendingandreducingtheirworkforces.(這導(dǎo)致企業(yè)更關(guān)注盈利能力，而不是增長，這意味著削減支出和裁員)”可知，企業(yè)優(yōu)先考慮利潤來應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟(jì)困境。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Aswegothroughthisyear,andintonextyear,thereisstillgoingtobethisfocusontryingtoreducecosts,anditisgoingtoresultinmoreunemployment,”saidThomasSimons,asenioreconomistatJefferies.(杰富瑞高級經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家托馬斯?西蒙斯表示：“隨著今年和明年的過去，人們?nèi)詫阎攸c(diǎn)放在試圖降低成本上，這將導(dǎo)致更多的失業(yè)?！?”可知，托馬斯·西蒙斯可能會同意較低的消費(fèi)可能會使目前的情況惡化。故選B。CWhat’syourfirstmemory?Whateveritis,you’reboundtotreasureit.Butcanweactuallytrustthem?Nothingaboutmemoryissimple.Memoryismalleable.Whatwerememberisnotnecessarilywhathappened.Amemoryisnotarecording.It’smorelikeadramaticreconstructionandonethatwecankeepchangingwithoutrealizingit.Foranyexperiencetoberemembered,ithastobeencoded(編碼).Thisencodingisnotanykindofdirecttranslation,though.It’sarichandcomplexprocessthatcreatesassociationsandmeanings.Wemightberememberingsomethingverysimilar,butslightlychangedandcoloredbyourownsetsofassociations.PsychologistElizabethLoftusproducedgroundbreakingresearchoneyewitnesstestimony(證據(jù)).Herworkshowedthatmemoriescaneasilybeinfluenced,evenafterthey’vebeencreated.Forexample,iftwoeyewitnessestalkwitheachother,theirmemoriesofeventsoftenchange,absorbingwhatthey’veheardfromtheotherone——buttheywon’trealizethishashappened.Similarly,witnesseswhoareshownanimageofaninnocentperson,cansometimesstickitontotheirmemoryoftheactualevent—aprocessknownasunconscioustransference(無意識的轉(zhuǎn)移).Itisestimatedthataround70%ofwrongfulconvictions(定罪),lateroverturnedbyDNAevidence,areduetomistakeneyewitnesstestimony.Insomecases,memoriescanevenbedeliberatelycreatedandimplanted.TheLostintheMallexperimenttookatestgroupofsubjectsandtalkedtothemindepthaboutkeychildhoodmemorieswhilealsoaddinganinventedone—theexperienceofhavingbeenlostinashoppingcenter.Itwasfoundthatbetweenaquarterandathirdofsubjectsnotonlyacceptedthisnewmemoryasgenuinebutenricheditwithspecificdetails.Mostofushavecertainkeymemoriesofbeingaveryyoungchild.Butresearchsuggeststhatthey’rehighlyunlikelytobeactualmemoriesduetothewaymemoryisstoredinthebabybrain.Yourpreciousfirstmemorymaywellnotbearealmemory,andwe’reallperhapslivinginourimaginationsmorethanwerealize.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malleable”inparagraph1mean?A.Trustworthy. B.False. C.Easilychanged. D.Deeplyimpressive.9.Whichwillinfluencethememoryofeyewitnesses?A.PowerfulDNAevidence. B.Picturesstuckintheirmemory.C.Reducedaccuracyofconvictions. D.Exchangedinformationbetweenthem.10.Whatcanwelearnabout“TheLostintheMall”experiment?A.Itwasdesignedtoinvestigatemistakeneyewitnesstestimony.B.Itssubjectscouldrecallspecificdetailsofashoppingcenter.C.Itssubjectsmadebelievethattheyhadbeenlostinashoppingcenter.D.Itdemonstratedthatinventedexperiencescouldbefixedinone’smemory.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheUnreliableNatureofMemory. B.RevisedEyewitnessTestimony.C.ReflectiononSweetChildhood. D.AnExplorationofTruthandFiction.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了記憶是可塑的，容易改變，并通過介紹一些研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)論證了這一點(diǎn)?！即鸢浮?.C9.D10.D11.A【8題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Whatwerememberisnotnecessarilywhathappened.Amemoryisnotarecording.It’smorelikeadramaticreconstructionandonethatwecankeepchangingwithoutrealizingit.(我們記得的不一定是發(fā)生了什么。記憶不是記錄。它更像是一種戲劇性的重建，我們可以在沒有意識到的情況下不斷改變)”可知，記憶不是記錄，更像是一種戲劇性的重建，即記憶容易改變，故劃線詞意思是“容易改變”。故選C。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Herworkshowedthatmemoriescaneasilybeinfluenced,evenafterthey’vebeencreated.Forexample,iftwoeyewitnessestalkwitheachother,theirmemoriesofeventsoftenchange,absorbingwhatthey’veheardfromtheotherone——buttheywon’trealizethishashappened.(她的研究表明，記憶很容易受到影響，即使是在記憶被創(chuàng)造出來之后。例如，如果兩個(gè)目擊者互相交談，他們對事件的記憶經(jīng)常會發(fā)生變化，吸收他們從另一個(gè)人那里聽到的東西——但他們不會意識到這已經(jīng)發(fā)生了)”可知，交換信息會影響目擊者的記憶。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheLostintheMallexperimenttookatestgroupofsubjectsandtalkedtothemindepthaboutkeychildhoodmemorieswhilealsoaddinganinventedone—theexperienceofhavingbeenlostinashoppingcenter.Itwasfoundthatbetweenaquarterandathirdofsubjectsnotonlyacceptedthisnewmemoryasgenuinebutenricheditwithspecificdetails.(“迷失商場”實(shí)驗(yàn)選取了一組測試對象，并與他們深入探討了關(guān)鍵的童年記憶，同時(shí)還添加了一個(gè)虛構(gòu)的記憶——在購物中心迷路的經(jīng)歷。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，四分之一到三分之一的受試者不僅相信這段新記憶是真實(shí)的，而且用具體的細(xì)節(jié)豐富了它)”可知，“迷失商場”實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了創(chuàng)造出的經(jīng)歷可以固定在一個(gè)人的記憶中。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butresearchsuggeststhatthey’rehighlyunlikelytobeactualmemoriesduetothewaymemoryisstoredinthebabybrain.Yourpreciousfirstmemorymaywellnotbearealmemory,andwe’reallperhapslivinginourimaginationsmorethanwerealize.(但研究表明，由于記憶在嬰兒大腦中的存儲方式，它們極不可能是真正的記憶。你珍貴的第一次記憶很可能不是真實(shí)的記憶，我們都可能生活在想象中，而不是我們意識到的)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了記憶是可塑的，容易改變，并通過介紹一些研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)論證了這一點(diǎn)。可知，A選項(xiàng)“記憶的不可靠性”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。DIttookanillscreechowl(鳴角鸮)toteachascientistthevalueofup-close-and-personalstudy.InhisHarvardtalk,CarlSafina,anecologistandauthorofAlfieandMe:WhatOwlsKnow,WhatHumansBelieve,recalledthatthechickwasfounddyinginhisbackyard.Safinatookitinandplannedtonurseitbacktohealthandthenperformrelease.Buttheowlet'sflightfeathersdidn'tgrowproperly.Safinadelayedtherelease.Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedandchangedhim.“AnowlfoundmeandthenIwaswatching‘a(chǎn)nowl’,”hesaid.“Itwasnolongeranowlafterawhile,itwas‘she’becauseshehadahistorywithme.Thislittleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,becameanindividualtomebythathistoryandallthoseinteractions.”ThebondwithAlfiestrengthenedtothepointthat,whenshewasfinallyreleased,shecreatedaterritorywithSafina'shomeatitscenter.Safinawasabletospendhourseachdayobservingherinthewoodsasshelearnedtotakecareofherselfinthewild,mettwomates,andraisedchicksofherown.WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.Theirclosenessallowedhimtolearnmorethingsaboutscreechowls.Fieldguides,forexample,describetwoknowncallsbutheidentifiedsix,someofwhichyouhavetobequiteclosetohear.TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaontopersonalitydifferencesbetweenAlfieandhermates.WhenpointedoutthathisapproachtoAlfie—includingtheactofnamingher—rancountertowidespreadscientificpractice,Safinasaidhewasn'tconcernedaboutviolating(違反)convention,particularlyifsomethinginterestinglikeindividualpersonalitydifferencesamongowlscouldbelearned.TheexperiencecausedSafinatothinkmoredeeplyabouthumankind'srelationshipwithnatureandthekindofpersonalconnectionhewasabletofeelwithawildindividual.“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentient(有情感的)beingsseekafeelingofwell-beingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'srightandwhat'swrongtome.”12.WhatdoweknowaboutAlfie?A.ShedevelopedaclosebondwithSafina.B.ShewasafictionalcharacterinSafina'sbook.C.SheintentionallylandedinSafina'sbackyard.D.Shewasdyingbecauseofthebrokenflightfeathers.13.WhathappenedafterSafinareleasedAlfie?A.AlfiechosetostaywithSafinaathishome.B.Theymaintainedacontinuouscommunication.C.Alfiemetmatesandraisedchicksbyherself.D.Safinakepthisdistancefromhertopreventattachment.14.WhatdidSafinaachieveinhisstudy?A.Recordingsixdifferentcallsofthescreechowl.B.Identifyingdifferenttypesofowlsbytheircalls.C.Learninghowtoreleaseowlsbackintothewild.D.Understandingpersonalitydifferencesamongowls.15.HowdidSafina'sexperiencewithAlfieimpacthim?A.Hebecamemorefocusedonexploringnature.B.Heinitiatedhiscommitmenttowildlifeconservation.C.Hedevelopedadeepappreciationforthewelfareoflivingcreatures.D.Hedecidedtoguidereaderstodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了生態(tài)學(xué)家CarlSafina與一只名叫Alfie的鳴角鸮的故事，以及這段經(jīng)歷對他的影響。〖答案〗12.A13.B14.D15.C【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Overthoseextendedmonths,SafinagottoknowAlfieinwaysthatmovedandchangedhim.”（在那些漫長的月份里，薩菲納以一種感動并改變他的方式了解了阿爾菲。）根據(jù)第三段“Thislittleowl,whowaswithmemuchlongerthanIthoughtshewouldbe,becameanindividualtomebythathistoryandallthoseinteractions.”（這只小貓頭鷹，它和我在一起的時(shí)間比我想象的要長得多，通過那段歷史和所有這些互動，它成為了我的一部分）可知，Safina與Alfie建立了緊密的聯(lián)系。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“WhenheheardAlfiecalling,Safinasaid,he'dcallbackandshe'dlandnearby.”（當(dāng)他聽到阿爾菲的叫聲時(shí)，薩菲納說，他會回應(yīng)，她就會降落在附近。）可知，他們保持了持續(xù)的交流，故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“TherelationshipalsoopenedawindowforSafinaontopersonalitydifferencesbetweenAlfieandhermates.”（這種關(guān)系也為薩菲納打開了一個(gè)窗口，讓他看到阿爾菲和她的伴侶之間的性格差異。）可知，Safina理解了貓頭鷹之間的性格差異，故選D【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhatIlearnedfromAlfieisthatallsentientbeingsseekafeelingofwell-beingandfreedomofmovement,”Safinasaid.“That'saguidetowhat'srightandwhat'swrongtome.”（我從阿爾菲那里學(xué)到的是，所有有情感的生物都尋求幸福感和自由的移動，”薩菲納說?！斑@對我來說是判斷對錯(cuò)的指南。”）可知，Safina對生物的幸福產(chǎn)生了深深的欣賞，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhocanimaginelifetodaywithoutanAutomatedTellerMachine(ATM)?Theyareavailableinconsiderablenumbersthroughouttheworld.ThefirstATMwasthebrainchildofanenterprisingTurkish-AmericaninventorLutherGeorgeSimjian.Whentheideaofanautomatedbankingmachinestruckhim,heregistered20patentsbeforeanybankagreedtogiveitatrialrun.Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.____16____WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.Itwasnotuntil1967,nearly30yearslater,thatBarclaysBank,inacarefullaunch,rolledoutaself-servicemachineinLondon,England,whichprovedsuccessful.____17____Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代幣)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.____18____Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.ExpertsquicklydeterminedthatpublicacceptanceofATMscountedonconvenience,simplicity,speed,securityandtrust.____19____Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.____20____.Publicacceptanceofdeposits(存款)bymachinewassignificantlyslowerthancustomers’usageofATMsforwithdrawals.Ingeneral,itseemsthatcustomerssometimesstillpreferandtrustanover-the-countertransaction(交易)fordeposits.A.Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.B.Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.C.Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.D.However,cashmachinesposedsomeinteresting,unansweredquestions.E.Aninterestingfactorwastheissueofbio-statisticsforcustomeridentification.F.Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.G.Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了自動取款機(jī)(ATM)的發(fā)展歷程和其在現(xiàn)代生活中的重要性。〖答案〗16.B17.C18.G19.A20.F【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.(人們很容易認(rèn)為，這樣一臺受歡迎機(jī)器的發(fā)明者一定賺得盆滿缽滿)”和下文“WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.(1939年，該設(shè)備在紐約運(yùn)行了六個(gè)月后，由于缺乏客戶接受，該設(shè)備被拆除)”可知，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，B項(xiàng)“Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.(然而，他的取款機(jī)并沒有經(jīng)受住時(shí)間的考驗(yàn))”承上啟下，說明設(shè)想和現(xiàn)實(shí)有差距，引出下文第一臺取款機(jī)的真實(shí)命運(yùn)，上下文語意連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】下文“Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代幣)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.(第一臺自動取款機(jī)依靠顧客使用預(yù)付代幣來獲得裝有固定數(shù)量現(xiàn)金的信封)”介紹了第一臺自動取款機(jī)的工作原理：用預(yù)付代幣來換取現(xiàn)金信封，是對C項(xiàng)“Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.(這個(gè)裝置相對來說比較原始，至少以今天的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來看是這樣)”的說明，說明第一臺自動取款機(jī)比較原始的工作原理，上下文語意連貫。故選C項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】下文“Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.(銀行的原則似乎是客戶服務(wù)。但是，低估自動取款機(jī)給銀行自身帶來的諸多好處是愚蠢的。到20世紀(jì)70年代末，大型銀行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支機(jī)構(gòu)。最大的可變成本和利潤損失是它的員工。銀行賬戶很快意識到，自助服務(wù)可以將銀行分行的員工成本降低70%)”說明了自動取款機(jī)給銀行帶來的諸多好處，解釋了G項(xiàng)“Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.(不久之后，許多其他銀行成為公認(rèn)的自動提款機(jī)的擁護(hù)者)”中描述的這一現(xiàn)象，許多銀行為了獲益開始使用自動提款機(jī)，上下文語意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】下文“Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.(為了最大限度地提高效率，自動取款機(jī)必須設(shè)在公共交通附近或購物中心，而不是在分行。顯然，地點(diǎn)越繁忙、越擁擠越好)”指出自動取款機(jī)需要設(shè)在公共交通附近或購物中心，是對A項(xiàng)“Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.(尤其是地理位置，是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素)”的舉例說明，說明地理位置的重要作用。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】上文“Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.(現(xiàn)在，銀行提供給客戶的現(xiàn)金中，大約75%來自自動取款機(jī))”談及自動取款機(jī)的普及和廣泛使用，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.(最初被公眾忽視的設(shè)備現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是不可或缺的設(shè)施)”承接上文，總結(jié)自動取款機(jī)命運(yùn)的變化，上下文語意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MyfriendshipwiththestudentsinaprimaryschoolinUgandastartedonashakyground.The____21____ofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin,fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmineandminetoofellon____22____ears.Igreetedthemwithabroadsmile,andtheyrepliedwithicecold____23____whenIspokefurther.A____24____echoed(回響)inmymind:youmustlivethroughittogettothem.SoIgaveitanothertry.Ispoke____25____Englishwithhandgesturesandabitofdancing.Ifallfailed,thesmilewould____26____.Soonwepickedupandthenthe___27___ofthelearnerscameintoplay.Atthementionofaname,reddishcheeksandshakingvoicesweretheresponseIgot.Idecidedto____28____adeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.Afterschool,I____29____themhome.____30____,webecamefriends.Theywereevenawareofmyfavoritefruit,avocado(牛油果).IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk,itwould____31____mewhereverIwas.Myslipperswere____32____.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.Thenextmorning,IwasreadytodragmyslippersonasusualandIwassurprisedtheyhadbeen____33____.Wow!Thelittlethingswedoforeachotherbringusgreatjoyand____34____.Wedon’thaveaproperspokenlanguage,butwearefluentinthelanguageof____35____.21.A.anger B.fear C.desire D.belief22.A.sharp B.all C.long D.deaf23.A.silence B.blame C.comment D.agreement24.A.puzzle B.doubt C.reminder D.relief25.A.official B.simple C.academic D.unusual26.A.turnout B.breakoff C.dieaway D.takeover27.A.laziness B.shyness C.loneliness D.calmness28.A.share B.clear C.search D.exchange29.A.prevented B.forced C.accompanied D.allowed30.A.Suddenly B.Gradually C.Accidentally D.Obviously31.A.miss B.leave C.refuse D.find32.A.wornout B.putout C.madeout D.carriedout33.A.packed B.cleaned C.abandoned D.repaired34.A.freedom B.chance C.warmth D.challenge35.A.friendship B.admiration C.sympathy D.confidence【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者和烏干達(dá)一所小學(xué)的學(xué)生們的友誼開始時(shí)并不穩(wěn)固。不被理解的恐懼隱藏在內(nèi)心，因?yàn)樗麄冋f的語言和作者說的不同，而作者的語言也沒人聽。但是，隨著時(shí)間的發(fā)展，他們最終在友誼的語言上交流很流利。〖答案〗21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C35.A【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不被理解的恐懼隱藏在內(nèi)心，因?yàn)樗麄冋f的語言和我說的不同，我的語言也被置若罔聞。A.anger憤怒；B.fear恐懼；C.desire愿望；D.belief信仰。根據(jù)下文“fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfrom”可知，因?yàn)樗麄冋f的語言和作者說的不同，雙方都聽不懂對方的話，作者把不被理解的恐懼隱藏在內(nèi)心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.sharp鋒利的；B.all全部的；C.long長的；D.deaf聾的。根據(jù)上文“fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmine”可知，雙方都聽不懂對方的話，deafears表“置若罔聞”，符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我用燦爛的微笑迎接他們，當(dāng)我繼續(xù)說話時(shí)，他們以冰冷的沉默回應(yīng)我。A.silence沉默；B.blame責(zé)備；C.comment評論；D.agreement贊同。根據(jù)上文“Theofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin(不被理解的恐懼隱藏在內(nèi)心)”和“icecold”可推知，此處為當(dāng)作者繼續(xù)說話時(shí)，孩子們無法理解，所以以冰冷的沉默回應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)提醒在我腦海中回響：你必須經(jīng)歷它才能到達(dá)他們的內(nèi)心。A.puzzle令人費(fèi)解的事；B.doubt懷疑；C.reminder提醒物；D.relief救濟(jì)，寬慰。根據(jù)下文“youmustlivethroughittogettothem”可知，這里指一個(gè)想法一直提醒著作者。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我說簡單的英語，用手勢和一點(diǎn)舞蹈。A.official官方的；B.simple簡單的；C.academic學(xué)術(shù)的；D.unusual不尋常的。根據(jù)上文“SoIgaveitanothertry(所以我又試了一次)”可推知，此處表示作者說簡單的英語來讓孩子們理解。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果一切都失敗了，微笑會取代一切。A.turnout結(jié)果是；B.breakoff中斷；C.dieaway逐漸消失；D.takeover接管，取代。根據(jù)上文“Ifallfailed”可推知，此處表示如果一切都失敗了，微笑會取代一切，因?yàn)槲⑿]有國界，是最好的肢體語言。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快我們就學(xué)會了，然后學(xué)習(xí)者的害羞就發(fā)揮了作用。A.laziness懶惰；B.shyness害羞；C.loneliness孤獨(dú)；D.calmness鎮(zhèn)靜。根據(jù)下文“Atthementionofaname,reddishcheeksandshakingvoicesweretheresponseIgot(一提到名字，我得到的反應(yīng)就是臉頰泛紅，聲音顫抖)”可知，這里指學(xué)習(xí)者的害羞。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定在小組工作期間每天和一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)共用一張桌子，以便更接近他們。A.share共享；B.clear清除，清理；C.search搜尋；D.exchange交換。根據(jù)下文“togetcloser”可知，此處為作者決定和一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)分享一張桌子從而更接近他們。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：放學(xué)后，我陪伴他們回家。A.prevented阻止；B.forced逼迫；C.accompanied陪伴；D.allowed允許。根據(jù)上文“Idecidedtoadeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.”可知，作者為了能夠接近學(xué)生們，除了和學(xué)生們共用一張桌子，放學(xué)后還要陪學(xué)生回家。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我們成了朋友。A.Suddenly突然；B.Gradually漸漸地；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Obviously明顯地。根據(jù)上文“Idecidedtoadeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.”可推知，此處為是作者“破冰”行動后的結(jié)果：漸漸地，他們成了朋友。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我桌上沒有牛油果，不管我在哪里，他們都會找到我給我送牛油果。A.miss錯(cuò)過，想念；B.leave離開，留下；C.refuse拒絕；D.find找到。根據(jù)上文“IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk”以及語境可知，這里指學(xué)生們一定要找到作者，把牛油果送給作者。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我的拖鞋已經(jīng)破舊了。A.wornout穿破；B.putout撲滅；C.madeout辨認(rèn)出，看出，理解；D.carriedout實(shí)施。根據(jù)下文“OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.(一天晚上，我把它們放在一邊，因?yàn)闆]有人會偷一雙那樣狀況的拖鞋)”可知，這里指作者的拖鞋是穿破了。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我準(zhǔn)備像往常一樣穿上拖鞋，但令我驚訝的是，它們已經(jīng)修補(bǔ)好了。A.packed包裝；B.cleaned清潔；C.abandoned拋棄；D.repaired修理。根據(jù)上文“Myslipperswere.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.(我的拖鞋已經(jīng)破舊了。一天晚上，我把它們放在一邊，因?yàn)闆]有人會偷一雙那樣狀況的拖鞋)”以及此處的驚訝可推知，這里指拖鞋已經(jīng)修補(bǔ)好了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳