重慶市巴蜀學(xué)校高2025屆高二（下）期末考試+英語試卷答案

第1頁/共1頁高2025屆高二（下）期末考試英語試卷注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、班級、學(xué)校在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。在試卷上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回，試卷自行保存。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillMatthewdoontheweekend?A.Attendanexhibition.B.Enteracontest.C.VisitChina.2.Wheredothespeakerswanttogo?A.Toasupermarket.B.Toabank.C.Toarestaurant.3.Whenwillthemanseethefilm?A.At1:30p.m.B.At3:30p.m.C.At5:30p.m.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoisynight.B.Aplaceofliving.C.Theirsleepinghabits.5.Whydidthemancallthewomanlastnight?A.Togiveherfruits.B.Toinvitehertoaparty.C.Toaskforhercousin'snumber.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有2至4個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman'ssuggestion?A.Abitdisappointed.B.Verysatisfied.C.Greatlysurprised.7.WhatwillthespeakersdoonFridayevening?A.Goshopping.B.Eatout.C.Pickuptheirchildren.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Onaplane.C.Onalake.9.WhywillthemangotoChicago?A.Toattendameeting.B.Tovisithissister.C.Tostartuniversity.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolfriends.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Librarianandlibraryuser.11.WhatdoesMichaelsayaboutthebook?A.It'ssoldatadiscountprice.B.It'simportantforMaria'sstudy.C.It'swrittenbyProfessorHughes.12.WhatwillMichaeldoforMaria?A.Sharehisbookwithher.B.Lendhersomemoney.C.AskNoahforhelp.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthemanmeetthewoman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Tohaveamealtogether.C.Todeliversomefurniture.14.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itsquality.B.Itssize.C.Itscolor.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthekitchen?A.It'swell-designed.B.It'swell-equipped.C.It'swell-painted.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Takeabus.B.Makeapayment.C.Talkwithhiswife.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whydoesthespeakerorganizetheactivity?A.ToprepareforChildren'sDay.B.Tocelebratetheendoftheschoolyear.C.Towelcomechildrenintheneighborhood.18.Whatistheactivityforchildrenabout?A.Lookingforthehiddengifts.B.Hidingaroundthecenter.C.Havingagroupdiscussion.19.Whatarethechildrenrequiredtodobeforegoingout?A.Findtheflags.B.Writetheirnamesdown.C.Staytogetherwiththeirparents.20.Whowillgototheothersideofthecenter?A.Thepreschoolchildren.B.Thethird-gradechildren.C.Thefourth-gradechildren.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。APostofExecutiveDirectoroftheAECCommitteeAsiaEconomicCooperation(AEC),with21MemberEconomies,isauniquecooperativeeconomicforumthathasbeensuccessfulinpromotingregionaleconomicgrowththroughtradeandinvestmentliberalization,andcapacitybuildingsinceitsfoundationin1989.Ithasachievedthisthroughopendialogue,trustbuildingandvoluntarycommitments.TheAECCommittee,basedinSingapore,fulfilsanimportantroleissupportingtheAECprocess,includingpolicy,technicalandcommunicationsservicestoanextensiverangeofshareholders.AECislookingforadynamicExecutiveDirectorfora3-yearterm(withtheoptionfora1-3yearextension)toleadtheCommitteefromJanuary2025.ThesuccessfulcandidateshouldbefromanAECMemberEconomyandmustpossessstrongleadershipqualities,publicsectorexperience,seniormanagementexperience,andorganizationaldevelopmentexperience,highpoliticalsensitivityandmultilateralworkexperience,preferablyintradeoreconomicrelatedareas.Thecandidateshouldalsohavemanagedmulti-culturalworkenvironment.Thecandidatemustindicatehowtheirexperienceandqualificationsmatchthoserequired.Extensivetravelisexpected.MoreinformationonAECcanbefoundatourwebsitewww.aec.org.Applicationsshouldreachusnolaterthan15July2024viae-mailhr-recruit@aec.orgormailedtotheHumanResourceDirector,AECCommittee,35HengMuiKengTerrace,Singapore119616.Yourapplicationmustindicatehowyourexperienceandqualificationsmatchthoserequired.Onlyshortlistedcandidateswillbenotified.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheTheAECCommittee?A.ItisbasedinSingapore. B.ItleadstheAECprocess.C.Itdealswithpoliticalissues. D.Ithas21MemberEconomies.2.Whatisrequiredofaqualifiedcandidate?A.Strongpoliticalbackground. B.High-levelleadershipexpertise.C.Advancedmulti-linguisticskills. D.Sharpenvironmentalawareness.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A.CoverStory. B.NewsUpdates.C.CareerOpportunities. D.VolunteeringInformation.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要是亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)合作委員會（AEC）發(fā)布的一則招聘啟事，尋找一位具有強(qiáng)大領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力、公共部門經(jīng)驗、高級管理經(jīng)驗、組織發(fā)展經(jīng)驗、高度政治敏感性和多邊工作經(jīng)驗的執(zhí)行董事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheAECCommittee,basedinSingapore,fulfilsanimportantroleissupportingtheAECprocess,includingpolicy,technicalandcommunicationsservicestoanextensiverangeofshareholders.(總部設(shè)在新加坡的AEC委員會在支持AEC進(jìn)程方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，包括向廣泛的股東提供政策、技術(shù)和溝通服務(wù)。)”可知，AEC委員會總部位于新加坡，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThesuccessfulcandidateshouldbefromanAECMemberEconomyandmustpossessstrongleadershipqualities,publicsectorexperience,seniormanagementexperience,andorganizationaldevelopmentexperience,highpoliticalsensitivityandmultilateralworkexperience,preferablyintradeoreconomicrelatedareas.(成功的候選人必須來自AEC成員經(jīng)濟(jì)體，必須具有很強(qiáng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，公共部門經(jīng)驗，高級管理經(jīng)驗，組織發(fā)展經(jīng)驗，高度的政治敏感性和多邊工作經(jīng)驗，最好是在貿(mào)易或經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域。)”可知，合格的候選人需要具有高水平的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“PostofExecutiveDirectoroftheAECCommittee(AEC委員會執(zhí)行主任一職)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇招聘廣告，所以它可能出現(xiàn)在雜志的“職業(yè)機(jī)會”欄目中，故選C。BAmywasadearlittlegirl,butsheoftentendedtowastetimeingettingreadytodohertasks,insteadofdoingthematonceassheoughtto.Inthevillageinwhichshelived,Mr.Thorntonkeptastorewherehesoldfruitofallkinds,includingberriesintheirseason.OnedayhesaidtoAmy,whoseparentswerequitepoor,“Wouldyouliketoearnsomemoney?”“Oh,yes,”repliedshe,“forIwantsomenewshoes,andpapahasnomoneytobuythemwith.”“Well,Amy,”saidMr.Thornton,“Inoticedsomefine,ripeblackberriesinMr.Green’sfieldtoday,andhesaidthatanybodywaswelcometothem.Iwillpayyouthirteencentsaquart(度量單位)forallyouwillpickforme”Amywasdelightedatthethoughtofearningsomemoney;sosheranhometogetabasket,intendingtogoimmediatelytopicktheberries.Thenshethoughtshewouldliketoknowhowmuchmoneyshewouldgetifshepickedfivequarts.Withthehelpofherslate(書寫板)andpencil,shefoundoutthatshewouldgetsixty-fivecents.“ButsupposingIshouldpickadozenquarts,”thoughtshe,“howmuchshouldIearnthen?”“Dearme!”shesaid,afterfiguringawhile,“Ishouldearnadollarandfifty-sixcents.”AmythenfoundoutwhatMr.Thorntonwouldpayherforfifty,ahundred,andtwohundredquarts.Ittookhersometimetodothis,andthenitwassoneardinnertimethatshehadtostayathomeuntilafternoon.Assoonasdinnerwasover,shetookherbasketandhurriedtothefield.Someboyshadbeentherebeforedinner,andalltheripeberrieswerepicked.Shecouldnotfindenoughtofillaquartmeasure.4.WhydidMr.ThorntoninviteAmytopickberries?A.Tohelpherbuynewshoes. B.Tohelphermakesomemoney.C.Tohelphergetridofbadhabits. D.Tohelpherenterthefruitbusiness.5.WhatshouldAmydoifshewantedtoearnthemoney?A.Calculatehowmuchsheearned. B.Makeuseofherslateandpencil.C.Askforpermissionfromherparents. D.Getabasketandpickberriesquickly.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethecharacterofAmy?A.Considerateandsmart. B.Reasonableandrealistic.C.Idealisticandimpractical. D.Unselfishandindependent.7.Whichonecanbethebesttitleofthestory?A.LostBlackberries. B.AGirlPickingBerries.C.HowMuchAmyCanEarn. D.TheMoneyAmyDidn’tEarn.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個叫Amy的小女孩，總是光想事不做事。一天，Mr.Thornton叫她去農(nóng)場摘黑莓，告訴她這是一個掙錢的好機(jī)會，可是Amy遲遲不去，一直在算她能掙多少錢，最后等她到了農(nóng)場發(fā)現(xiàn)，黑莓都被摘光了?！?題詳解】公眾號：高中試卷君細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthevillageinwhichshelived,Mr.Thorntonkeptastorewherehesoldfruitofallkinds,includingberriesintheirseason.OnedayhesaidtoAmy,whoseparentswerequitepoor,“Wouldyouliketoearnsomemoney?”(在她居住的村子里，桑頓先生開了一家商店，出售各種水果，包括當(dāng)季的漿果。有一天，他對父母很窮的艾米說：“你想賺點錢嗎？”)”可知，桑頓先生讓艾米去摘漿果是為了讓她賺點錢。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Well,Amy,”saidMr.Thornton,“Inoticedsomefine,ripeblackberriesinMr.Green’sfieldtoday,andhesaidthatanybodywaswelcometothem.Iwillpayyouthirteencentsaquart(度量單位)forallyouwillpickforme”(“嗯，艾米，”桑頓先生說，“我今天在格林先生的田里看到了一些又好又熟的黑莓，他說任何人都可以采摘。你幫我采摘一夸脫，我會付給你十三美分?！?”可知，如果艾米想賺錢，她應(yīng)該拿一個籃子，快速采摘漿果。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Amywasadearlittlegirl,butsheoftentendedtowastetimeingettingreadytodohertasks,insteadofdoingthematonceassheoughtto.(艾米是一個可愛的小女孩，但她往往會浪費(fèi)時間準(zhǔn)備做事，而不是像她應(yīng)該的那樣立即完成它們。)”和倒數(shù)第二段“AmythenfoundoutwhatMr.Thorntonwouldpayherforfifty,ahundred,andtwohundredquarts.Ittookhersometimetodothis,andthenitwassoneardinnertimethatshehadtostayathomeuntilafternoon.(艾米隨后得知桑頓先生愿意為她支付五十夸脫、一百夸脫和兩百夸脫的酒錢。她花了不少時間才搞清楚，但此時已經(jīng)快到晚餐時間了，她不得不待在家里直到下午)”可知，艾米只顧計算能掙多少錢，遲遲采取行動去摘黑莓，以至于最后黑莓被摘光了，由此可推知，艾米是理想化而不切實際的。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了一個叫Amy的小女孩，總是光想事不做事。一天，Mr.Thornton叫她去農(nóng)場摘黑莓，告訴她這是一個掙錢的好機(jī)會，可是Amy遲遲不去，一直在算她能掙多少錢，最后等她到了農(nóng)場發(fā)現(xiàn)，黑莓都被摘光了，以至于最后沒有掙到錢。D項“艾米沒有賺到的錢?！边m合作文章標(biāo)題，故選D。CInanattempttoexploreunknownenvironments,aChineseteamcreatedanoctopus(章魚)—inspiredflexibleroboticarmcapableofsensingandcontrollingobjectsinlimitedspacesandunderwater.AccordingtothestudypublishedinthelatesteditionofScienceRobotics,therobotallowedblindfoldedhumanoperatorstoguideitsarm,usingsuckers(吸盤)topickupvariousobjects,includingatoysharkandasmoothmetalball,viaasingle-fingerglove.Thisnewinventioncreatedbyateamofresearchers,ledbyWenLifromBeihangUniversitywasinspiredbytheoctopus,whichmovesitssoftarmstocatchitsgameswithsensitivesuckers.Asimplestrategylikethiscanbeusedasamodelforroboticgrasping,controllablewithafewinputs,aswellasahighlydeformablearmwithsensingcapabilities.Wen’steamfixedelectronicsandcircuitsintotherobotswhilemaintainingtheirdeformability.Theresearcherspresentedastretchableelectronics-integratedsoftoctopusarmwith16air-drivendevicesandmultipledegreesoffreedom.Therobot'sstretchableliquid-metal-basedelectroniccircuitcanstandsuperstretchingforcetoperformtasksautonomouslyinalimitedenvironment,findingsfromthestudyshowed.Thesoftarmwithtworowsofsensorysuckingcupsthatconnectwiththewearer'sfingercanperformareaching-grasping-returningmotionacrossarangeofupto1.5timesitsoriginalarmlength,similartothebiologicalcounterpart(對應(yīng)方),thestudyrevealed.“Thisroboticmodelprovidesnewprospectsanddevelopmentideasforthefutureinteractiveapplicationsofflexiblerobots,includingmedicalrobots,seabedexplorationrobots,andsoon”saidtheexpert.8.Whatinspiredtheinventionoftheroboticarmaccordingtothepassage?A.Thelimitedspacesunderwater.B.Thespecialbiologicalstructureoftheoctopus.C.Thedesiretoexplorethelivingenvironmentofoctopus.D.TheteamworkoftheresearchersfromBeihangUniversity.9.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“deformable”inparagraph4?APowerful. B.Changeable. C.Steady. D.Active.10.Whichdeviceisintegratedintotherobot?A.Plasticcircuits. B.Suckersofoctopuses.CElectronicsensors. D.Armsofoctopuses.11.Whatdotheexpertsimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Octopusisaverymagicunderwatercreature.B.Creativityplaysaveryimportantpartinscience.C.Theunknownworldofferspossibilityforinnovation.D.Oneinventioncanbringaboutachainreactionofbreakthroughs.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國團(tuán)隊創(chuàng)造了一種受章魚啟發(fā)的柔性機(jī)械臂，夠在有限的空間和水下感應(yīng)和控制物體?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段講到“Thisnewinventioncreatedbyateamofresearchers,ledbyWenLifromBeihangUniversitywasinspiredbytheoctopus,whichmovesitssoftarmstocatchitsgameswithsensitivesuckers.(這項由北航大學(xué)的溫麗領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組創(chuàng)造的新發(fā)明受到了章魚的啟發(fā)，章魚會移動柔軟的手臂，用敏感的吸盤捕捉游戲)”可知，根據(jù)文章，章魚的特殊生物結(jié)構(gòu)激發(fā)了機(jī)械臂的發(fā)明。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。文章第五段講到“Wen’steamfixedelectronicsandcircuitsintotherobotswhilemaintainingtheirdeformability.Theresearcherspresentedastretchableelectronics-integratedsoftoctopusarmwith16air-drivendevicesandmultipledegreesoffreedom.(溫的團(tuán)隊在保持機(jī)器人變形能力的同時，將電子器件和電路固定在機(jī)器人上。研究人員展示了一種可拉伸的電子集成軟章魚手臂，該手臂具有16個空氣驅(qū)動裝置和多個自由度)”可知，這種機(jī)器人的手臂是一種可拉伸的電子集成軟章魚手臂，這個手臂是軟的，可變形的，因此劃線單詞所在句子的意思是“像這樣的簡單策略可以用作機(jī)器人抓取的模型，只需少量輸入即可控制，也可以用作具有傳感能力的高度變形手臂”。因此，第四段中帶下劃線單詞的含義是“可變的”。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“Thesoftarmwithtworowsofsensorysuckingcupsthatconnectwiththewearer'sfingercanperformareaching-grasping-returningmotionacrossarangeofupto1.5timesitsoriginalarmlength,similartothebiologicalcounterpart(對應(yīng)方),thestudyrevealed.(柔軟的手臂上有兩排與佩戴者手指相連的感覺吸盤，可以在高達(dá)1的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行伸手抓地的返回動作。研究顯示，它是原來臂長的5倍，與生物對應(yīng)物相似。)”可知，電子傳感器集成到機(jī)器人中。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。文章最后一段講到“ Thisroboticmodelprovidesnewprospectsanddevelopmentideasforthefutureinteractiveapplicationsofflexiblerobots,includingmedicalrobots,seabedexplorationrobots,andsoon(該機(jī)器人模型為未來柔性機(jī)器人的交互應(yīng)用提供了新的前景和發(fā)展思路，包括醫(yī)療機(jī)器人、海底探測機(jī)器人等)”可知，專家們在最后一段中的意思是：一項發(fā)明可以帶來突破的連鎖反應(yīng)。故選D。DSomesongsmightspeaktoyoursoulevenifyoudon'tknowthewords.ThealmostmagicalwaythatmusicreflectsandinfluencesouremotionsledAmericanpoetHenryWadsworthLongfellowtodeclareitthe“universallanguageofmankind”.Buthowuniversalisitreally?Ateamofmorethanadozenresearchersandcountlessundergraduatessetouttocollectandinterpretdescriptionsandrecordingsofmusicalperformancesaroundtheworld.Theirfirstfinding:Musicisindeeduniversal.Oratleaststatisticalmodelingstronglysuggeststhatmorethan99%ofsocietieshavemusic.Then,theyanalyzedthesongdescriptionsforsixtyverydifferentsocietiesandlookedatdifferentqualitiesrelatedtosongperformance.Astheyclassifiedthesongs,theyfoundthatthreedimensions(方面)accountedformorethanaquarterofthevariabilitybetweensongs.Thefirstwashowformalorinformalasongwas.Songshighinformalityhadlargeaudiencesandlotsofinstruments,ofteninvolvedceremonialevents,andfrequentlyhadadult-onlyaudiences.Informaleventshadsmalleraudiences,includingchildren,ornoaudienceatall.Thesecondwashowarousingasongwastoitslisteners.Livelyeventsinvolvinglotsofdancingwerehighonthisdimension,whilealowvaluereflectedacalmerevent,likesomeonesingingtothemselvesorababy.Thelastwashowreligioussongwas.Songsusedinceremonieswerehighinreligiosity,whilethosewithoutaspiritualcontextscoredlow.Theresearchersappliedtheirfindingstofourwidespreadcategoriesofmusic:lullabies(搖籃),dancesongs,lovesongsandhealingsongs,andfoundcleartrend.Mostdancewashighlyarousingandformal,butlowinreligiosity.Lullabiesweremostlylowinformalityandlowinarousal.Andhealingsongsscoredhighinalldimensionswhilelovesongswerelowinalldimensions.Evenmoreinteresting,thedistributionofthesebehaviorswassimilarinallsocietiesstudied.Scholarssaythattheirdatabasecouldfuelfutureresearchintoevenmoreinspiringquestionsaboutmusicuniversals.Andtheirmethodmightbeusedtopickoutpatternsinotherhard-to-analyzefields,likestorytellingorvisualart.12.Howwastheresearchconducted?A.Bymakingcomparisonandcontrast. B.Byfindingsimilarities.C.Bycollectingandanalyzingdata. D.Byillustratingexamples.13.Whichkindofmusicmayinvolvethemostaudiencesandinstruments?A.Lullabies. B.Dancesongs. C.Lovesongs. D.Healingsongs.14.Howisthefutureoftheirresearchfindingsaccordingtothescholars?A.Promising. B.Unpredictable. C.Impractical. D.Limited.15.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Songscanspeaktoyoursoulonlyifyouknowtheirwords.B.Differencesinformalityleadtothevariabilitybetweensongs.C.Musicisclassifiedbythenumberofaudienceandinstruments.D.Researchontheuniversalsofmusiccanhelpexploreotherfields.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員對音樂普遍性進(jìn)項了分析和研究。音樂普遍性具有啟發(fā)性，也有助于探索其他領(lǐng)域?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Ateamofmorethanadozenresearchersandcountlessundergraduatessetouttocollectandinterpretdescriptionsandrecordingsofmusicalperformancesaroundtheworld.(一個由十幾名研究人員和無數(shù)本科生組成的團(tuán)隊開始收集和解讀世界各地音樂表演的描述和錄音)”以及第三段“Astheyclassifiedthesongs,theyfoundthatthreedimensions(方面)accountedformorethanaquarterofthevariabilitybetweensongs.(當(dāng)他們對歌曲進(jìn)行分類時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)三個維度占歌曲之間可變性的四分之一以上)”可推知，研究是通過收集和分析數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行的。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Songshighinformalityhadlargeaudiencesandlotsofinstruments,ofteninvolvedceremonialevents,andfrequentlyhadadult-onlyaudiences.(高度正式的歌曲有大量的觀眾和大量的樂器，通常涉及儀式活動，而且通常只有成人觀眾)”以及第四段“Mostdancewashighlyarousingandformal,butlowinreligiosity.(大多數(shù)舞蹈都很有煽動性，很正式，但宗教信仰很低)”可推知，舞曲可能涉及最多的觀眾和樂器。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Scholarssaythattheirdatabasecouldfuelfutureresearchintoevenmoreinspiringquestionsaboutmusicuniversals.Andtheirmethodmightbeusedtopickoutpatternsinotherhard-to-analyzefields,likestorytellingorvisualart.(學(xué)者們表示，他們的數(shù)據(jù)庫可以推動未來對音樂普遍性更具啟發(fā)性的問題的研究。他們的方法可能被用來挑選其他難以分析的領(lǐng)域的模式，比如講故事或視覺藝術(shù))”可推知，學(xué)者們認(rèn)為，他們的研究結(jié)果是很有前景的。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Scholarssaythattheirdatabasecouldfuelfutureresearchintoevenmoreinspiringquestionsaboutmusicuniversals.Andtheirmethodmightbeusedtopickoutpatternsinotherhard-to-analyzefields,likestorytellingorvisualart.(學(xué)者們表示，他們的數(shù)據(jù)庫可以推動未來對音樂普遍性更具啟發(fā)性的問題的研究。他們的方法可能被用來挑選其他難以分析的領(lǐng)域的模式，比如講故事或視覺藝術(shù))”可推知，對音樂普遍性的研究有助于探索其他領(lǐng)域。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Howtopickthebestplaceforamuch-neededrefreshment?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,asimpleclueislikelytovaryyourchoice.Youwilllookforthebusiestrestaurantwiththemostdinersbecauseitspopularityisboundtoreflectonthequalityoffoodandservice.___16___Earlydinerswithnomeaningfulcluesastowhichrestauranttochoosemayhavepickedtheireveningeateryatrandom,forexampleselectingtheplacewiththenicestnameorthesmiliestwaiter.Thefollowingpassers-bymayhavemisinterpretedtheirrestaurantchoiceasawell-informeddecisionandblindlyfollowedtheirexample.___17___Ever-increasingnumbersofcustomerswereattractedtotherestaurantinquestion,whichcouldhaveledtoabaddinnerchoiceinanovercrowdedrestaurant.Voluntarilycopyingotherpeople’sthoughtsorchoicesorsimplygoingwiththecrowdisoftenreferredtoas“herdbehaviour.”Itisafrequentoccurrenceamongsthumansaswellasmanyotheranimals,acommonexamplebeingsheep.___18___Inanearlierarticle,Idiscussedtheso-called“wisdomofcrowds”,whichsuggeststhataveragejudgementsoflargegroupsofpeopleoftenoutperformindividualchoices.Furthermore,followingthecrowdappearstoofferprotectionandcomfort.___19___Finally,followingtheherdreducestheeffortneededtomakeapersonaloruniquedecision.___20___Contrarytotheso-called“wisdomofcrowds”,herdbehaviourstypicallyrelyonso-called“informationcascades(瀑布)”,wherepeopletakeonothers’beliefsorcopytheirchoiceswithoutcriticallyappraisingtheunderlyingreasons.Thisfrequentlyleadstotheimitationofunreasonableorsimplystupidbehaviours.A.Butisthistrue?B.Itisthereforeaneasyoption.C.Afterall,there’s“safetyinnumbers”.D.Herdingcanappeartomakealotofsense.E.Thiscouldhaveresultedinasnow-ballingeffect.F.Herdbehaviours,whileeasytoexplain,holdsignificantdangers.G.Thenumberofdinersisunlikelytoindicatethequalityofthemeal.【答案】16.A17.E18.D19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了跟隨他人行為的問題，包括在選擇餐館時隨意跟隨人群的不良影響，并解釋了“從眾”行為的危險性?！?6題詳解】上文“Howtopickthebestplaceforamuch-neededrefreshment?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,asimpleclueislikelytovaryyourchoice.Youwilllookforthebusiestrestaurantwiththemostdinersbecauseitspopularityisboundtoreflectonthequalityoffoodandservice(如何挑選一個最適合休息的地方？如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，一個簡單的線索可能會改變你的選擇。你會尋找最繁忙、食客最多的餐廳，因為它的受歡迎程度必然會反映在食物和服務(wù)的質(zhì)量上)”指出了人們在挑選餐館時會跟隨他人的行為，下文“Ever-increasingnumbersofcustomerswereattractedtotherestaurantinquestion,whichcouldhaveledtoabaddinnerchoiceinanovercrowdedrestaurant.(越來越多的顧客被這家餐廳吸引，這可能會導(dǎo)致在過度擁擠的餐廳中出現(xiàn)糟糕的晚餐選擇。)”指出，食客多、繁忙的餐廳晚餐也可能不好；A項“但這是真的嗎？”承上啟下，下文對此問題作出了回答，“this”指代上文陳述的內(nèi)容。故選A。【17題詳解】上文“Earlydinerswithnomeaningfulcluesastowhichrestauranttochoosemayhavepickedtheireveningeateryatrandom,forexampleselectingtheplacewiththenicestnameorthesmiliestwaiter.Thefollowingpassers-bymayhavemisinterpretedtheirrestaurantchoiceasawell-informeddecisionandblindlyfollowedtheirexample.(早起的食客對于選擇哪家餐廳沒有任何有意義的線索，他們可能會隨機(jī)選擇晚餐餐廳，例如選擇名字最好聽的餐廳或笑容最燦爛的服務(wù)員。隨后的路人可能會誤解他們的餐廳選擇是明智的決定，并盲目地效仿他們的做法)”指出人們在選擇餐廳時只是根據(jù)名字最好聽或笑容最燦爛的服務(wù)員等來選擇，這是沒有任何意義的，這導(dǎo)致其他人誤解他們的選擇是明智的，進(jìn)而盲目跟隨，下文“Ever-increasingnumbersofcustomerswereattractedtotherestaurantinquestion,whichcouldhaveledtoabaddinnerchoiceinanovercrowdedrestaurant.(越來越多的顧客被這家餐廳吸引，這可能會導(dǎo)致在過度擁擠的餐廳中出現(xiàn)糟糕的晚餐選擇。)”指出這種盲目跟風(fēng)行為導(dǎo)致一種不良結(jié)果，由此可知，空處應(yīng)引起下文，指出這種行為會產(chǎn)生不良后果，E項“這可能會產(chǎn)生滾雪球效應(yīng)?！狈险Z境，選項中“snow-ballingeffect”與下文“Ever-increasingnumbersofcustomerswereattractedtotherestaurant”相對應(yīng)。故選E?！?8題詳解】上文“Voluntarilycopyingotherpeople’sthoughtsorchoicesorsimplygoingwiththecrowdisoftenreferredtoas“herdbehaviour.”Itisafrequentoccurrenceamongsthumansaswellasmanyotheranimals,acommonexamplebeingsheep.(自愿模仿其他人的想法或選擇，或者只是隨波逐流通常被稱為“從眾行為”。這種行為在人類以及許多其他動物中經(jīng)常發(fā)生，常見的例子就是綿羊。)”介紹了指出這種自愿模仿其他人的想法或選擇，或者只是隨波逐流通常被稱為“從眾行為”，下文“Inanearlierarticle,Idiscussedtheso-called“wisdomofcrowds”,whichsuggeststhataveragejudgementsoflargegroupsofpeopleoftenoutperformindividualchoices.Furthermore,followingthecrowdappearstoofferprotectionandcomfort.

(我在之前的一篇文章中討論了所謂的“群體智慧”，該觀點認(rèn)為，大群體的平均判斷往往優(yōu)于個人選擇。此外，隨大流似乎能提供保護(hù)和安慰。)”指出這種行為所蘊(yùn)含的智慧，由此可知，這種行為似乎很有道理，D項“從眾行為看上去很有道理。”符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】上文“Furthermore,followingthecrowdappearstoofferprotectionandcomfort.(此外，隨波逐流似乎能帶來保護(hù)和安慰。)”指出從眾似乎能帶來保護(hù)和安慰，空處承接上文，對此作出解釋，C項“畢竟，‘人多勢眾?！狈险Z境，“人多勢眾”這種心理使得人們感覺從眾會帶來保護(hù)和安慰，故選C。【20題詳解】下文“Contrarytotheso-called“wisdomofcrowds”,herdbehaviourstypicallyrelyonso-called“informationcascades(瀑布)”,wherepeopletakeonothers’beliefsorcopytheirchoiceswithoutcriticallyappraisingtheunderlyingreasons.Thisfrequentlyleadstotheimitationofunreasonableorsimplystupidbehaviours.(與所謂的“群體智慧”相反，從眾行為通常依賴于所謂的“信息瀑布”，即人們接受他人的信念或模仿他們的選擇，而不批判性地評估其背后的原因。這經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致模仿不合理或愚蠢的行為)”指出了從眾心理的危害性，F(xiàn)項“從眾行為雖然很容易解釋，但卻具有重大危險”符合語境，引起下文，故選F。第三部分語言應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。At33,Ididsomethingbrave,orsomewouldsaystupid.I___21___Congress(國會).Foryears,Ihadexistedsafely___22___thescenesinpoliticsasanorganizer,butinmyheart,Ialwayswantedtorun.Thepolls(投票),however,toldavery___23___story.Ionlygot19percentofthevote.Despitetheresult,thiswasthefirsttimeinmyentirelifethatIhaddonesomethingthatwastrulybrave,whereIdidn’tworryaboutbeing___24___.In2012,Istartedacompanytoteachgirlstocode.Weimmediatelyseeourgirls’___25___ofnotbeingperfect.Whenthegirlsarefirstlearninghowtocode,she’llsay,“Idon’tknowwhat___26___towrite.”andshowsa___27___texteditor.Butiftheteacherpressesundoafewtimes,she’llseeherstudentwrotecodeandthen___28___it.Insteadofshowingthe___29___thatshemade,she’drathershownothingatall.Somepeopleworryaboutourbudgetdeficit(赤字),butIworryaboutour____30____deficit.Mostgirlsareraisedto____31____riskandfailure.Thisis____32____womenareunderrepresentedinSTEM,inCongress,andprettymucheverywhereyoulook.Wehavetosocializeourgirlstobecomfortablewith____33____,andwe’vegottodoitnow.Wehavetoteachthemtobebraveinschoolsandearlyintheircareers,whenithasthemostpotentialto____34____theirlives,andwehavetoshowthemthattheywillbelovedand____35____notforbeingperfectbutforbeingcourageous.21.A.ranfor B.liedto C.votedagainst D.tradedwith22.A.on B.off C.inside D.behind23.A.classic B.simple C.different D.complex24.A.risky B.perfect C.stupid D.beautiful25.A.fear B.effort C.trouble D.struggle26.A.code B.answer C.deficit D.character27.A.random B.blank C.marked D.broken28.A.used B.saved C.cracked D.deleted29.A.mess B.success C.progress D.difference30.A.honesty B.bravery C.generosity D.determination31.A.face B.avoid C.admit D.expect32.A.why B.how C.when D.where33.A.doubt B.danger C.uncertainty D.imperfection34.A.earn B.risk C.impact D.enjoy35.A.inspired B.accepted C.tolerated D.protected【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.B25.A26.A27.B28.D29.C30.B31.B32.A33.D34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在33歲的時候做了一些勇敢的事：競選國會議員。由此作者感悟到女生會被愛和接受，不是因為她們完美，而是因為她們勇敢?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我競選國會議員。A.ranfor為……競選；B.liedto對……撒謊；C.votedagainst投票反對；D.tradedwith對……與交易。根據(jù)下文“butinmyheart,Ialwayswantedtorun”可知，作者參選國會議員。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，作為一名組織者，我一直安全地生活在政治的幕后，但在我心中，我一直想?yún)⑦x。A.on在……上；B.off關(guān)閉；C.inside內(nèi)部；D.behind在……的后面。根據(jù)下文“asanorganizer”可知，作者多年來一直在幕后工作。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，民意調(diào)查卻講述了一個截然不同的故事。A.classic經(jīng)典的；B.simple簡單的；C.different不同的；D.complex復(fù)雜的。根據(jù)上文“butinmyheart,Ialwayswantedtorun”以及下文“Ionlygot19percentofthevote”可知，作者心里想的參選結(jié)果和事實結(jié)果是不同的。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管結(jié)果如此，這是我一生中第一次做一些真正勇敢的事情，我不擔(dān)心自己是完美的。A.risky有風(fēng)險的；B.perfect完美的；C.stupid愚蠢的；D.beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)上文“Ionlygot19percentofthevote.Despitetheresult,thiswasthefirsttimeinmyentirelifethatIhaddonesomethingthatwastrulybrave”可知，這是作者第一次參選，雖然結(jié)果不太如意，作者真正做了這一生中真正勇敢的事實，作者也不必?fù)?dān)心自己不夠完美。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們立刻