UNIT 4課時測評作業(yè)二（含解析）高中英語人教版2019必修第一冊

UNIT4課時測評作業(yè)二【小題夯基】維度一語境辨義練(每小題1分，共7分)1.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思①Thewindpickedupandthunderrolled.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________②Hearingmywords，Davidbeamedabigsmile，stoodupandchargedtowardsthestartingline.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________③NicoloandanotherbidderbattleduntilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32.(全國Ⅱ卷)____________2.選出crowd的漢語意思A.n.人群；一群人B.n.民眾C.v.(想法或觀點)涌入(腦子)D.v.聚集；涌向①Theairsmelledofthebestbakedbread，andcustomerssooncrowdedintothestore，makingthestreetcrowded.(場景描寫)______②Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)______③Thehappymemoryofgettingalongwithmybestfriendcrowdedinonme/crowdedintomymind.______④AssoonasIsawthecrowddownthere,myheartbeatsofastthatIwasunabletosayasingleword.______維度二語境拼寫練(每小題1分，共10分)1.____________(圍繞)yourselfwithpeoplewhopossessahighdegreeofself-disciplinecanhelp.2.Whentheshipreachedtheport，____________(證據(jù))showedthatithadgonethroughastorm.3.Lastofall，the____________(最高級別的)editorreadthearticleandapprovedit.4.In1066，theNormans____________(征服)Englandandtookcontrolofthecountry.5.Thankstohisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthe____________(戰(zhàn)役)toridtheworldofhunger.6.Havingsoldmostofhis____________(belong)，healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.7.Itis____________(legal)todriveacarafterdrinkingwine.8.Scientistsare____________(puzzle)astowhythewhalesswimtotheshore.9.Tworescueworkerscametohis____________(defend)whentheaccidenthappened.10.IwouldliketointroduceConfuciuswhowasborninthestateofLu____________(locate)inpresent－dayQufu,ShandongProvince.(2023·全國甲卷)維度三固定用法練(每小題1.5分，共12分)1.Thecarnearbybelongs____________myneighbor，whohasbrokenaway____________hisfamilytobeindependent.2.Thesoldiersarealwaysdefendingourcountry____________anypossibleattack.3.Wheretheviruscamefromwas____________puzzletothescientists.4.____________(cut)downoneforestafteranothermakessomeanimalshavenowheretolive.5.Shehadherwallet____________(steal)onherwayhomeyesterday.6.Alltheevidenceshowsthatshoutingandthreatsofpunishmentwillresult____________adisaster.7.MaryaswellasI____________(be)madefunofbyothersinpublic，whichmakesusupset.8.Mencius(孟子)wasathinkerwhoseteachingsweresimilar____________thoseofConfucius.維度四寫作提升練(每小題2分，共12分)利用本課時所學知識補全短文并嘗試背誦I’msorrytohearthat1.___________________________________________________________________________________________________(你對如何和交換生相處感到困惑)inyourschool.2._______________________________________________(關(guān)于這個問題)，3.__________________________________________________________(我有一些實用的建議給你).Firstofall，You’dbetterjoinsomeclubs，4.________________________________________________(這些俱樂部是屬于每個人的).Additionally，5.______________________________________(結(jié)交有正能量的人)whochallengeyoutobebetter.Lastbutnotleast,6.__________________________________________________________(參加課外活動對你來說也是個好主意),whereyoucanmakemorefriends.【大題提能】Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分，共20分)AWhyispinkorpurpleacolorforgirlsandblueorbrownforboys?Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.TotheEgyptians,greenisacolorthatrepresentsthehopeandjoyofspring,whileforMuslims,itmeansheaven.Redisasymbolofgoodluckinmanycultures.InChina,childrenaregivenmoneyinaredenvelopetobringgoodfortuneintheNewYear.Formanynations,blueisasymbolofprotectionandreligiousbeliefs.Greekpeopleoftenwearabluenecklacehopingtoprotectthemselvesagainstevils.People’schoiceofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheirbodies’reactionstowardthem.Eachcolorhasitsownfunction(功能).Redcancauseaperson’sbloodpressuretoriseandincreasepeople’sappetites(食欲).Manydecoratorswillincludedifferentshadesofredintherestaurant.Similarly,manycommercialwebsiteswillhaveared“BuyNow”buttonbecauseredisacolorthateasilycatchesaperson’seye.Blueisacalmingcolor.Unlikered,bluecancausepeopletoloseappetite.Soifyouwanttoeatless,somepeoplesuggestthateatingfromblueplatescanhelp.Greenissaidtobethemostrestfulcolor.Ithastheabilitytoreducepainandrelaxpeoplebothmentallyandphysically.Peoplewhoworkingreenenvironmenthavebeenfoundtohavefewerstomachaches.Thenexttimeyouaredecidingonwhattowearorwhatcolortodecorateyourroom,thinkaboutthecolorcarefully.1.Howisparagraph2mainlydeveloped?Bylistingnumbers.Byfollowingtimeorder.Bygivingexamples.Bydiscussingproblems.2.Whyisredoftenseeninrestaurants?Tomakepeopleeatmore.Todrawpeople’sattention.Tomakepeoplecalmdown.Tobringgoodlucktopeople.3.Whichcolormayhelpyoufeellesspain?Red.Blue.Green.Brown.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?People’sChoiceofColorsTheCulturalValuesofColorsColorsandPersonalExperiencesTheMeaningandFunctionofColorsBSeveralyearsago,JeremyClarkson,presenterofthefamousBBCtelevisionprogrammeTopGear’，discoveredthatoneofhisguestswashalfGermanandhalfIrish.Immediately,hesaid:“That’squiteastrangecombination.It’slike,thismustbedoneabsolutelyperfectly...tomorrow”.Thisisajokeaboutthestereotype(刻板印象)thatGermansareefficientandIrisharelazy.Manypeoplecouldunderstandablybeoffendedbythesekindsofassertions(斷言).WedonotknoweveryIrishperson,sohowcanwethenconcludethateveryIrishpersonislazy?IrecentlyreadonawebsitethatIrishbusinesspeopleweredescribedasbeing“generallyrathercasual”and“moreoutwardlyfriendlythanmanyEuropeancountries”.Germanbusinesspeople,ontheotherhand,areconsideredtobeverydirectandaccordingtothewebsite,theydonotneedapersonalrelationshipinordertodobusiness.Onceyouhearadvicelikethis,itbecomeseasiertounderstandwherejokesliketheoneinthefirstparagraphcomefrom.SowhydosomepeopledisagreewiththekindofstereotypesasseeninClarkson’sjoke,butagreewhenitcomestogeneralizations(概括)?Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwo?Bydefinition,astereotypeisawidelyheldbutfixedandoversimplifiedimageorideaofaparticulartypeofpersonorthing.Aculturalcharacteristic,ontheotherhand,isapatternofbehaviourthatistypicalofacertaingroup.Sowhatdoesthisreallymean?Stereotypesaresimplyoverstatedassumptionsaboutgroupsofpeople.ImagineifatouristvisitedasmalltowninSwitzerlandandsawanumberoflocalsplayingthealphorninstrument,andthenclaimedthatSwisspeoplecanplaythealphorn.Thiswouldbeastereotype!ThisisanoverstatedimageoftheSwisswhichisbasedononetourist’sexperience.If,however,thistouristweretosaythattheSwissareverypunctual,thiscouldbeseenasaculturalcharacteristic.ThisisbecauseitisapatternofbehaviourwhichisverytypicalinSwitzerland:fromtheirtransportsystemtotheirbusinessmeetings.Inthisway,somepeoplearguethatgeneralizinganothercultureisnotjustuseful,butimportant.Politiciansalwayshavetobemindfuloftheculturalcharacteristicsofdifferentcountries.Bybecomingawareofdifferentculturalcharacteristics,theycanavoidcausingoffenceinthosecultures.However,othersarguethatgeneralizingcultureswillalwaysleadtooffensivestereotypes.Theyarguethatthebestthingwecandoistostopgeneralizingculturesandstarttreatingpeopleasindividuals.Allthisraisesimportantquestions:Canmakinggeneralizationsaboutgroupsofpeoplebeapositivething?Orshouldwealwaysavoidmakingbroadassumptionsaboutdifferentgroups?5.Whenhesaid“It’slike,thismustbedoneabsolutelyperfectly...tomorrow”，JeremyClarksonreallymeant________.thestereotypesoftheGermansandtheIrisharenotsogoodthecombinationofhalfGermanandhalfIrishisinterestingthecharacteristicsoftheGermansandtheIrishareoppositetheGermanswilldoitperfectlytomorrowwhiletheIrishwon’t.6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?It’stypicaloftheSwisstobepunctual.TheIrishpeopleareconsideredaslazy,directandcasual.TheGermansarethoughttobeefficient,friendlyanddirect.TheSwisspeoplecanplaythealphorn.7.Politiciansthinkitimportanttogeneralizeanotherculturebecause________.theydon’twanttooffendotherpeoplegeneralizingwillleadtooffensivestereotypesculturalcharacteristicsarebetterthanstereotypestheyshouldtreatpeopleasindividuals8.What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?Toshowtheimportanceofmakinggeneralizations.Toshowitiswrongtoplayjokesonstereotypesofdifferentpeople.Totellusthedifferencesbetweenstereotypesandculturalcharacteristics.Todiscusswhetheritisgoodtomakegeneralizationsaboutgroupsofpeople.Ⅱ.七選五(每小題2.5分，共12.5分)IntheArabworld,asoukisamarketusuallyheldinanopen－airlocation.SouksareanimportantpartoflifeintheMiddleEast.__1__Anotherattractionofsouksisthattheyoffervisitorsagreatopportunitytofeelthelocalculture.Mostmajorsouksprobablystartedasinformalmeetingsofmerchants(商人)inopenspaces,whichslowlydevelopedintomoreformalmarkets.__2__Forexample,somesoukshavepartialceilings(天花板)toprotectagainstbadweather,alongwithnarrowstreetswhichdonotpermitcars.Everythingfromglasswaretomeatcanbefoundatasouk，withmerchantscomingfromnearbyareastoselltheirproducts.__3__Sovisitorscaneasilyfindbeautifulartworksinallshapesandsizesatasouk,oftenatveryreasonableprices.__4__Bytradition,shoppersatasoukmustnegotiate(協(xié)商)withshopkeeperstoreachaprice.Forlargeitems,customerswillhavetositdownwiththeshopkeeper.Theywillbeofferedteaandsnackswhiletheprice,includingstorageanddeliverycostssometimes,isdiscussed.IfyouhappentobetravelingintheMiddleEast,justpayavisittoasouk.Someregionshavefamousmarketswithalongandinterestinghistory,andasoukisagreatplacetogetsouvenirs.Youcanfindalocalguideforyourvisittoensurethatyouknowlocalculturalruleswell.__5__A.Europeansprefertopaythelistprice.B.ManycountriesintheMiddleEasthavelongartistictraditions.C.Thatwillcertainlyallowyouamoreenjoyabledayatthemarket.D.Peoplemaybeshockedatthelongprocessofmakingadealatsouks.E.TherearemanyculturaldifferencesbetweentheWestandtheMiddleEast.F.Nowadays,souksmakespecialdesignstocreateacustomer－friendlyenvironment.G.ManyvisitorstotheMiddleEasterncountriesenjoygoingtosoukstobuygreatgoods.1.2.3.4.5.課時測評作業(yè)二小題夯基維度一1.①vi.(雷或鼓)隆隆作響②vi.向……沖去③vi.競爭；較量2.①D②A③C④B維度二1.Surrounding2.evidence3.chief4.conquered5.battle6.belongings7.illegal8.puzzled9.defence10.located維度三1.to；from2.from/against3.a4.Cutting5.stolen6.in7.is8.to維度四1.youarepuzzledabouthowtogetalongwithexchangestudents2.Astotheproblem3.Ihavesomepracticaltipstoofferyou4.whichbelongtoeveryone5.surroundyourselfwithpositiveindividuals6.it’sagoodideaforyoutotakepartinextra－curricularactivitiesaswell大題提能Ⅰ.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要講述的是在不同文化中各種顏色的不同含義以及各種顏色的功能和作用。1.C[寫作手法題。根據(jù)第二段“Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences...hopingtoprotectthemselvesagainstevils.”可知，第二段主要是通過舉例子來展開的。]2.A[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Redcancauseaperson’sbloodpressuretorise...differentshadesofredintherestaurant.”可知，紅色經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在餐館里是因為紅色會使人們吃得更多。]3.C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Greenissaidtobethemostrestfulcolor..bothmentallyandphysically.”可知，綠色可以幫助你減輕疼痛。]4.D[標題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.”和第三段中“People’schoiceofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheir...hasitsownfunction(功能).”以及全文可知，本文主要講述了在不同文化中各種顏色的不同含義以及各種顏色的功能和作用。D項“顏色的意義和功能”能概括文章大意，為最佳標題。]【語篇解讀】本文是議論文。文章主要以“是否要對民族特性或群體特性作概括”為話題進行了討論。5.C[句意理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“ThisisajokeaboutthestereotypethatGermansareefficientandIrisharelazy.”可知，大家對于德國人的印象是“高效率”，對于愛爾蘭人的印象是“懶惰”?；趯@兩國家人的刻板印象，他用“absolutelyperfectly”對應(yīng)德國人的“高效率”，用“tomorrow”對應(yīng)愛爾蘭人的“懶惰”，這是一個矛盾的奇怪的結(jié)合。因此可知，他真正想表達的是“德國人和愛爾蘭人的特點正好相反”。]6.A[正誤判斷題。根據(jù)文章第七段內(nèi)容“If,however,thistouristweretosaythattheSwissareve