2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞教師用書(shū)教案北師大版

PAGE12-非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Modernmethodsfortrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s，andareexpensiveto_perform(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.解析：考查動(dòng)詞不定式。本句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，后常跟不定式作狀語(yǔ)。2．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Scientistshaverespondedbynoting(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。依據(jù)空格前的介詞by可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式，故填noting。3．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”forbeing(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。for為介詞，故其后的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用v.-ing形式。4．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award，proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplansto_retire(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。依據(jù)句意“她沒(méi)有退休的安排”可知須要用不定式做后置定語(yǔ)修飾plan。5．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacallsaying(say)shewasshort-listed，wethoughtitwasajoke.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合句意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知________(say)shewasshort-listed作定語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞acall，且與acall之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故運(yùn)用v.-ing形式。6．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketo_get(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知howlongitwouldtake...為賓語(yǔ)從句，其中包含著itwouldtakesb.＋時(shí)間＋todo結(jié)構(gòu)，表示做某事花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間，故填toget。7．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Youmaydrink，smoke，beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskofdying(die)earlybyrunning.解析：介詞后用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。8．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoidlooking(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.解析：動(dòng)詞avoid后用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。9．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Oncehismessagewasdelivered，heal-lowedmeto_stay(stay)andwatch.解析：allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事。10．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal，runnerslivethreeyearslongerthannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlongto_see(see)thebenefit.解析：由句意可知此處運(yùn)用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。11．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhilefeeding(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.解析：feed與其邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故運(yùn)用-ing形式。12．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequiredto_process(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.解析：requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事。13．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;byeating(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.解析：by在此處表示“通過(guò)”，是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。14．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-termresting(rest)．Instead,sheisearning￡6,500adayasamodelinNewYork.解析：spendtime(in)doing花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事，為固定句型。15．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantsto_prove(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.解析：依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)運(yùn)用不定式作動(dòng)詞want的賓語(yǔ)。16．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Myambassadorialdutieswillincludeintroducing(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.解析：動(dòng)名詞introducing作include的賓語(yǔ)。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.manage→managing解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。succeedindoingsth.為固定搭配，表示“在做某事上勝利”，故將succeed改為succeeding。2．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.say→saying解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，say在這里為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且與其邏輯主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。3．(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.wear→wearing解析：介詞后應(yīng)運(yùn)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。4．(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.looks→looking解析：介詞后應(yīng)運(yùn)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。5．(四川卷)We'vebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.sing→singing解析：spendtime(in)doing...為固定句型。6．(浙江卷)Ienjoyedsitclosetothewindowsandlookingattheview.sit→sitting解析：enjoy后經(jīng)常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。7．(陜西卷)Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.have→having解析：句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為sat，且句中無(wú)連詞，故have應(yīng)當(dāng)改為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。8．(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,whichmightnotbeserveduntil8o'clockatnight.Have→Having解析：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為provides，依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，其前應(yīng)當(dāng)為主語(yǔ)，故用動(dòng)名詞having作主語(yǔ)。eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)1非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ))1．分詞作狀語(yǔ)分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，一般在句中作時(shí)間、緣由、方式、條件、伴隨等狀語(yǔ)。(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞表示的動(dòng)作是由句子主語(yǔ)執(zhí)行的，它們之間是主謂關(guān)系。Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他們很興奮。(2)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞表示的動(dòng)作是句子主語(yǔ)承受的動(dòng)作，它們之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Seriouslyinjured,shehadtobesenttohospitalatonce.由于受傷嚴(yán)峻，須要將她立即送往醫(yī)院。2．不定式作狀語(yǔ)(1)不定式作狀語(yǔ)主要用來(lái)表示目的，有時(shí)也可以表示結(jié)果、緣由等。ShewassurprisedtoseeGeorgewalkin.看到喬治進(jìn)來(lái)，她很驚異。(2)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用inordertodo,soastodo,todo等，但soastodo不能置于句首。Inordertopasstheexam,heworkedhard.為了通過(guò)考試，他努力學(xué)習(xí)。(3)作目的狀語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作必需是主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的。TolearnEnglishwell,hisfatherboughthimadictionary.(×)eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)2非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ))1．不定式作定語(yǔ)不定式作定語(yǔ)，通常置于所修飾的名詞或代詞之后，與所修飾的詞之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系或同位關(guān)系。Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.(主謂關(guān)系)她總是第一個(gè)到，最終一個(gè)離開(kāi)。Haveyougotalettertowrite？(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)你有一封信要寫(xiě)嗎？DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish？(同位關(guān)系)你有用英語(yǔ)讀寫(xiě)的實(shí)力嗎？2．分詞作定語(yǔ)(1)作定語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞的分詞形式為doing,beingdone和done。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用doing；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表示分詞動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用beingdone；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系且表示分詞動(dòng)作已完成時(shí)，用過(guò)去分詞。Ihaveneverseenamoremovingfilm.我沒(méi)看過(guò)比這個(gè)更令人感動(dòng)的電影。Thehousesbeingbuiltarefortheteachers.正在建的房子是給老師的。ThebrokenglassisTom's.這個(gè)打破了的杯子是湯姆的。(2)作定語(yǔ)的不及物動(dòng)詞的分詞形式為doing和done，doing表示正在進(jìn)行；done表示已經(jīng)完成。boilingwater正沸騰的水boiledwater開(kāi)水3．動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞可置于名詞前作定語(yǔ)，表示被修飾的名詞的用途和性能。awalkingstick＝astickforwalking手杖asleepingcar＝acarforsleeping臥鋪車(chē)eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)3非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))1．不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(1)在很多動(dòng)詞后都可以用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如ask,want,invite,get,force,expect,allow,persuade,order,warn,remind,prefer,cause,permit,forbid,advise,teach等。Fatherwillnotallowustoplayinthestreet.父親不允許我們?cè)诮稚贤嫠！?2)下列動(dòng)詞接省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：一感(feel)，二聽(tīng)(hear,listento)，三讓(let，have,make)，五看(see,notice,observe,watch,lookat)，半幫助(help)，但在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)需加to。Nobodysawhimcomein.(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))沒(méi)人望見(jiàn)他進(jìn)來(lái)。Thethiefwasobservedtoenterthebank.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))有人望見(jiàn)小偷進(jìn)了銀行。2．分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(1)感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,observe,lookat,listento,notice及keep和find等詞可跟分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系；過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Isawhimenteringthebank.(him與enter之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系)我望見(jiàn)他正向銀行里走。Isawhimoperatedon.(him與operate之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)我望見(jiàn)(有人)給他做了手術(shù)。(2)have,get后可接現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Theyhadthefireburningallnight.(burn動(dòng)作始終在進(jìn)行)他們讓火整夜燒著。Iwillhavemybikerepairedtomorrow.(讓別人去修)明天我要請(qǐng)人幫我修一下我的自行車(chē)。eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)4非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ))1．動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)(1)常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：decide,determine,learn,want,expect,hope,wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask,beg,afford,happen,wait,threaten等。Weagreedtomeetattheschoolgate.我們一樣同意在校門(mén)口見(jiàn)面。(2)動(dòng)詞tell,show,understand,know,explain,teach,learn,advise等常接“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”作賓語(yǔ)。Pleasetellmewhentostarttheproject.請(qǐng)告知我何時(shí)起先這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。(3)在某些動(dòng)詞如find,think,consider,feel,make,believe后，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，然后加賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，最終加不定式作真正的賓語(yǔ)。Wethinkitourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.我們認(rèn)為愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境是我們的責(zé)任。2．動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)(1)常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：consider(考慮),suggest,advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon,admit,delay,fancy(想象，設(shè)想),avoid,miss,keep,practice,deny,finish,enjoy,appreciate,forbid,imagine,risk,can'thelp,mind,allow,permit,escape等。Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions.他試圖對(duì)我的問(wèn)題避而不答。(2)由“動(dòng)詞＋介詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，其后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的有be/getusedto(習(xí)慣于),lookforwardto(期盼),feellike(想要),insiston(堅(jiān)持),getdownto(起先仔細(xì)做某事),devote...to...(致力于……),objectto(反對(duì)),stickto(堅(jiān)持),giveup(放棄)等。It'stimeIgotdowntothinkingaboutthatessay.我該仔細(xì)思索一下那篇論文了。(3)下列動(dòng)詞或詞組既可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)分：meantodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事forgettodosth.遺忘去做某事(未做)forgetdoingsth.遺忘做過(guò)某事(已做)regrettodosth.對(duì)即將做的事表示缺憾(未做)regretdoingsth.對(duì)做過(guò)的事表示懊悔(已做)trytodosth.盡力去做某事trydoingsth.試著做某事goontodosth.接著做另一件事goondoingsth.接著做原來(lái)做的事remembertodosth.記著去做某事(未做)rememberdoingsth.記著做了某事(已做)eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)5非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作主語(yǔ)及表語(yǔ))1．動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把真正的主語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)詞不定式移到句子的后面。It'sagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.和你交談是一種很大的樂(lè)趣。[名師指津]在“Itis/was＋adj.＋for/ofsb.todosth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中：若形容詞側(cè)重于評(píng)價(jià)人物的特性、特征，則構(gòu)成不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的介詞應(yīng)用of，此時(shí)形容詞常為kind,nice,foolish等詞，且sb.與形容詞之間可構(gòu)成邏輯上的系表關(guān)系；若形容詞側(cè)重于描寫(xiě)不定式動(dòng)作的特征、特點(diǎn)，則構(gòu)成不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的介詞應(yīng)用for。Itisgenerousofhimtocontributesomuch.他捐獻(xiàn)了這么多真是太慷慨了。Itwasimportantforustolivealow-carbonlife.過(guò)一種低碳生活對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。2．動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)下列句型中常用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)：①I(mǎi)tis/wasawaste(of...)/nouse/nogooddoingsth.②Thereis/wasnosense/nopoint(in)doingsth.Itisnogoodcomingbeforethat.在那之前來(lái)沒(méi)有用。Thereisnosense(in)worryingaboutitnow.現(xiàn)在大可不必為那件事憂慮。3．不定式與動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)不定式表示某一次詳細(xì)的、特定的或有待實(shí)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，而動(dòng)名詞表示通常的狀況。MydreamistoenterBeijing我的幻想是考入北京高校。MyjobisteachingyouEnglish.我的工作是教你們英語(yǔ)。4．分詞作表語(yǔ)表示事物的特征或性質(zhì)時(shí)，表語(yǔ)用現(xiàn)在分詞；表示人的內(nèi)心感受時(shí)，表語(yǔ)用過(guò)去分詞。Pleasedescribeadogthatisfrightening.請(qǐng)描述一只令人膽怯 的狗。Pleasedescribeadogthatisfrightened.請(qǐng)描述一只驚恐的狗。eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)6獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的幾種形式：1．名詞/代詞(主格)＋非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Weatherpermitting,weshallplaythematchtomorrow.(permit的邏輯主語(yǔ)是weather而非we)明天假如天氣好，我們就進(jìn)行競(jìng)賽。Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyesfixedontheblackboard.(fix的邏輯主語(yǔ)是hiseyes而非he)他上課用心聽(tīng)講，眼睛緊盯著黑板。Manytreestobeplanted,ournewly-builtschoolwilllookevenmorebeautiful.(plant的邏輯主語(yǔ)是manytrees而非ournewly-builtschool)種上很多的樹(shù)后，我們新建的學(xué)?？瓷先⒏馈?．名詞/代詞(主格)＋名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)Thestudentswerehavingadiscussion,theirfaces(being)redwithexcitement.學(xué)生們正在探討，因?yàn)榧ち?，他們的臉都紅了。Theboycamein,swordinhand.男孩走進(jìn)來(lái)，手里握著劍。[名師指津]在“名詞(或代詞)＋介詞短語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中，為使句子簡(jiǎn)潔、明快，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的冠詞和形容詞性物主代詞也常省略。3．with/without＋賓語(yǔ)(名詞/代詞)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)幾乎全部的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)都可在其邏輯主語(yǔ)前加上with/without，構(gòu)成with/without復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。Withoutanyonenoticing,Istoleintotheroom.沒(méi)有人留意，我偷偷地溜進(jìn)了屋。eq\a\vs4\al(考點(diǎn)7非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài))1．動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)形式意義主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式與句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生todotobedone進(jìn)行式在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)正在進(jìn)行tobedoing完成式在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行式發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前并且持續(xù)到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)仍在進(jìn)行tohavebeendoingTheboypretendedtobestudyinghardwhenhisteachercamein.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，那個(gè)男孩假裝正在學(xué)習(xí)。Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisofgreatimportance.明天要實(shí)行的會(huì)議很重要。2．動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)形式意義主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或稍后發(fā)生doingbeingdone完成式先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作完成havingdonehavingbeendoneDoyoulikeplayingchess?你喜愛(ài)下棋嗎？Shewaspleasedthattheteacherwasn'tangrywithherforherhavingbeensorude.她很高興老師沒(méi)有因?yàn)樗臒o(wú)禮而生氣。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.完成作業(yè)后，他上床睡覺(jué)了。3．非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義(1)不定式作表語(yǔ)形容詞的狀語(yǔ)，和句子的主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.這本書(shū)很難理解。(2)動(dòng)詞need,want,require作“須要”講時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，也可跟不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；beworth后也用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Yourpaperneedschecking/tobecheckedagain.你的試卷須要再檢查一遍。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Aswithmanyyoungmen,Mikejoinshisfriendsinplaying(play)footballontheschoolplaygrounduntildinnertime.2．Aboutacenturyyearsago,akindandimaginativeministercameupwithanideatohaveabuoy(浮標(biāo))fastened(fasten)totherock.3．Withtheireyesclosed(close)，youwillbesurprisedhowitchangedsomepeople.4．Aboveall,Ihavecometounderstandthatbringing(bring)happinesstoothersisgettingourselveshappiness.5．Oneday,thegirlreceivedaphonecall,saying(say)themanwasill.6．“Hey,donkey，”thegoatsaidoneday.“Ithinkyoudotoomuchworkonthisfarm.Youcarrysuchheavythingsfrommorningtonight.Whydon'tyoupretendto_get(get)sicksoyoucantakeadayoff？”7．TheotherdaymyfriendsandIwereeatinginthecafeteriaandIsawherwalking(walk)around.8．IwasinanelevatoryesterdayandsawRobinDrexel,thefamousmoviestar!Ijuststoodthere,frozen(freeze).Icouldn'tsayaword.9．Besides,theWallStreetJournalhasalsoborrowed“dama”fromtheChinesepinyinto_describe(describe)bargain-huntingmiddle-agedChinesewomen,callingthem“aforceintheglobalgoldmarket”．10．Doctorsadvisewashingyourhandsoftenwithsoapandavoiding(avoid)eatingbats,andbushmeatorwildmeat.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．OnedayIwasonthephonetoafemalepatient,gooverthedetailsofanappointment.go→going2．Wedecidedtostayforaweek;lefthomeforthefirsttimemademesohappy.Iwaslikeabird,flyinginthesky,breathingthefreeair.left→leaving3．Besides,lackparkinglotsisanotherbigproblem.lack→lacking4．Havehadlunch,wewillvisitalocalmuseumaswellasanoldtemple.Have→Having5．I,togetherwithmytwofriends,waseatingdinnerataChineserestaurant,locatinginthecenterofNewYork.locating→located6．Mymothertookmeseethedoctor.me后加to7．It'stimeformetogoingtomyrealhome—itwasinBeijing.going→go8．TheykeepadogcallingAhBao.calling→called9．IsteppedoutsidetofindDextersitnexttomyelderlyneighborwhohadfallen.sit→sitting10．Heardthis,allofusweremovedtotears.Heard→HearingⅢ.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空BuyingbooksontheInternetisagreatway__1__(save)timeandmoney.Onlinebookstoresoffernewbooksand__2__(use)booksthatcansaveyoualotofmoney.What'smore,theyarefarbetter__3__(compare)totraditionalbookstoresastheyoffermuchbroaderkindsofbooks.Youcaneitherclickthekindofe-booksonlineortypethebooktitleandgetitinseconds.Anotheradvantageof__4__(shop)onlineisthatyoucanalsoreadthebookreviewsaswellasreaders'reviewstogetanideawhetherthebookisworth__5__(buy).Onlinebookstoresoffergreatdiscounts,whichisabigattractionforbooklovers.Forbooklovers,itismostimportant__6__(get)booksintime.Therefore,youneedtofindareliableonlinebookstorethatwillbeabletoprovidefastdeliveries.Herearesometipstousewhen__7__(select)anonlinebookstore.Someonlinebookstoresarepopularforfictionbooks;somearefornon-fictionbooksornovels,etc.__8__(understand)theirspecializationwillhelpyoutogettherightkindsofbooksintime.Checkwhetheryouwillbebuyingthebooksfromathird-partysellerordirectlyfromthewebsites.Neverjumpatstoresthatoffercheapprices,asbookssoldatsuchalowpricecouldbeinverybadcondition.1．to_save2.used3pared4.shopping5．buying6.to_get7.selecting8.UnderstandingⅣ.語(yǔ)法填空ChinahasbeenselectedtohosttheWorldSkillsCompetitioninShanghaiin2024,aneventithopestouseforbuildingastrongerteamofskilledworkersnationwideandtoimproveinternational__1__(exchange)intechnicalskills.Hostingtheeventwillhelpguidethewholesociety__2__(respect)thespiritofskilledworkmanship.Itwillalsohelpcreate__3__socialatmosphereofrespectinglaborandadmiringskill.Chinahas165millionskilledworkers,including47.9millionwhoareclassedashighlyskilled.Theywerefirstclassifiedbythegovernmentin2003.They__4__(include)asoneofthemajorState-leveltalentgroupsalongwiththeoreticalscientistsin2024,__5__(mark)asignificantriseintheirsocialstatus.China's__6__(early)modernskillstrainingcandatebacktotheQingDynasty.Itwasin1866__7__theFoochowShipbuildingInstitutioninFujianprovincewasestablished.In1978,theadoptionofthereformadopening-uppolicyhighlightedashortageof__8__(talent)technicians.Asaresult,thenumberofstudentsattechnicalinstitutesrosesharply.Morerecently,technicaleducation__9__(receive)greatersupportfromthecentralgovernmenttohelpshapethenation'sproducingpower.Everyyear,morethan100m