山東省濟(jì)南市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期開學(xué)統(tǒng)考英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟(jì)南市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期開學(xué)統(tǒng)考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHarvardSummerSchool’sSecondarySchoolProgram(SSP)isa4-weekor7-weekprogramforhighschoolstudents.ProgramOptions●The7-weekprogramhasdifferentformatsinwhichyoucanattend:Youcanliveoncampusin7-weekResidential;Youcandothe7-weekprogram100%onlinethroughSSPOnline;YoucanstudyatHarvardwhilestilllivingathomeandcomingtocampusforcoursesin7-weekCommuting.●The4-weekprogramisentirelyresidentialandcoursesareonlyofferedoncampus.CostThetotalcostoftheSSPdependsonwhichformatyouchoose.Allapplicants(申請(qǐng)人)mustpayanon-refundable$75applicationfee.●7-weekOnlineorCommuting:$3,900(4credits)or$7,600(8credits)●7-weekResidential:$14,250(8credits)●4-weekResidential:$7,700(4credits)WhoCanParticipate(參加)inSSP?Toparticipateinthe2024SSP,youmustmeetbothofthefollowingstandards:●Willgraduatefromhighschoolandentercollegein2024,2025,or2026.●Areatleast16yearsoldbyJune22,2024,andwillnotturn19yearsoldbeforeJuly31,2024.WhatWillYouGetOutofSSP?ParticipationinSSPdoesnotpromiseacceptanceintoHarvardCollege.However,SSPcanhelpmakeyourcollegeapplicationstronger,regardlessofwhereyouapply,becausecompletionoftheprogramshowsthatyoucansucceedinachallengingcollegecourse.YoucanmeetprofessorsfromavarietyofUScollegesatourcollegefairsandvisits.YouwillexpandyouracademicskillsandshowyourabilitytostudyatanIvyLeaguelevel.Uponsuccessfulcompletionoftheprogram,you’llreceivealettergradeandcreditsaccordingly.You’llalsobegintobuildcorelifeskills—suchastimemanagement,careerplanning,andlivingonyourown-thatwillprepareyouforsuccessincollege.1.Whatissuitableforapplicantswantingtoliveathome?A.7-weekOnline. B.4-weekResidential.C.7-weekResidential. D.7-weekCommuting.2.Howmuchshouldanapplicantfor7-weekOnlinepayintotal?A.$3,900. B.$3,975. C.$7,675. D.$14,250.3.Whatcanyougetifyoucompletetheprogram?A.Certaincredits. B.Achancetotalktoprofessors.C.Apublicletter. D.AcceptanceintoHarvardCollege.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了哈佛大學(xué)暑期學(xué)校的中學(xué)課程信息?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“The7-weekprogramhasdifferentformatsinwhichyoucanattend:(為期7周的課程有不同的形式可供你參加：)”下面的“Youcandothe7-weekprogram100%onlinethroughSSPOnline(你可以通過SSPOnline100%在線完成為期7周的課程)”可知，可以全部在線完成為期7周的課程，所以對(duì)于想要住在家里的學(xué)生來說，這種形式最為合適。故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Cost”下面的“Allapplicants(申請(qǐng)人)mustpayanon-refundable$75applicationfee.(所有申請(qǐng)人必須支付不可退還的75美元申請(qǐng)費(fèi)。)”和“7-weekOnlineorCommuting:$3,900(4credits)or$7,600(8credits)(7周在線或通勤：3900美元（4學(xué)分）或7600美元（8學(xué)分）)”可知，所有人必須支付75美元的申請(qǐng)費(fèi)，7周在線課程需要3900美元，在線課程不需要住宿，所以不必支付住宿費(fèi)，因此共花費(fèi)：75+3900=3975美元。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Uponsuccessfulcompletionoftheprogram,you’llreceivealettergradeandcreditsaccordingly.(成功完成該課程后，你將獲得相應(yīng)的字母等級(jí)和學(xué)分。)”可知，完成課程后，你會(huì)得到一定的學(xué)分。故選A。BAlittlemorethanayearago,MaliaMartinezwasintroducedtoasewing(縫紉)machine,thankstoathoughtfulChristmasgift.“IgotagiftcertificateatChristmastostartsewinglessons,”Martinezsaid.“Ireallylikedit.”Later,acampgroundsheoftenvisitedheldacraftfair.Surroundedbypetownersandtheirbelovedpets,Maliahadanideathatwouldchangelives.Whynotcreatebandannas,akindofcolorfulscarf,fordogsandcatsandusethemtosupportanimalshelters?Withgreatpassionandthesupportofhergrandmother,Martinezturnedacorneroftheirhomeintoacraftroom.Hergrandmotherhelpedherwhensheneededtoironthingslikethat.Together,Martinezandhergrandmothermademanylovelybandannas,rangingindifferentstylesandsizes.ButMartinez’sgoalwentfarbeyondsewinglovelybandannas.ShebegandonatinghercreationstoshelterslikeForeverPawsinFallRiver,hopingitwouldattractapotentialfamily.”WhenIwenttoseethedogsintheanimalshelters,itwaskindofsad.SoIthoughtifwegotthemabandanna,theywouldlookcuterlike‘Ohthisoneiscute.MaybeIcanadoptthisone’andtheywouldgetahomeandhavethefoodandsheltertheyneed,saidMartinez.“AndIjustthoughtit’dbefuntomaybehaveanimpactonthat.”Besidesdonatingbandannas,Martinezbegansellingthemthroughword-of-mouthandatpop-upevents.Rangingfrom$3to$7,moneyfromhersalesisnowdonatedtoshelterstoo.Afewweeksago,shedonatedmorethan$200totheKingstonAnimalShelter.“Theywerehappyandreallyappreciative,whichmademefeelreallygoodinside,”saidMartinez.“Itmakesmehappytoseehowit’simpactedthepeopleanddogs.”4.WhatinspiredMartineztocreatebandannas?A.AChristmasgift. B.Atriptoacraftfair.C.Herfamily’ssupport. D.Herinterestinsewing.5.WhatdidMartinez’sgrandmotherdotosupporther?A.Shehelpedwiththesewingwork. B.ShebuiltacraftroomforMartinez.C.ShepaidforMartinez’ssewinglessons. D.SheboughtMartinezasewingmachine.6.WhydidMartinezgiveawaybandannastoanimalshelters?A.Toincreasethechancesofanimaladoption. B.Tocallonmorepeopletovisittheshelters.C.Tobuildahomeforthehomelessanimals. D.Toimprovetheanimals’livingconditions.7.WhichofthefollowingmaybestdescribeMartinez?A.Patientandeasygoing. B.Braveandoutgoing.C.Creativeandcaring. D.Honestandloving.〖答案〗4.B5.A6.A7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了瑪麗亞·馬丁內(nèi)斯通過制作圍巾來幫助動(dòng)物，增加被收養(yǎng)的可能性。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Later,acampgroundsheoftenvisitedheldacraftfair.Surroundedbypetownersandtheirbelovedpets,Maliahadanideathatwouldchangelives.Whynotcreatebandannas,akindofcolorfulscarf,fordogsandcatsandusethemtosupportanimalshelters?(后來，她經(jīng)常去的一個(gè)露營(yíng)地舉辦了一個(gè)工藝品博覽會(huì)。在寵物主人和他們心愛的寵物的簇?fù)硐?，瑪利亞有了一個(gè)可以改變生活的想法。為什么不為狗和貓制作一種彩色圍巾，用來支持動(dòng)物收容所呢？)”可知，去工藝品展覽會(huì)激發(fā)了馬丁內(nèi)斯創(chuàng)作圍巾的靈感。故選B。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hergrandmotherhelpedherwhensheneededtoironthingslikethat.Together,Martinezandhergrandmothermademanylovelybandannas,rangingindifferentstylesandsizes.(當(dāng)她需要熨東西時(shí)，她的祖母會(huì)幫助她。馬丁內(nèi)斯和她的祖母一起制作了許多可愛的大手帕，款式和尺寸各不相同。)”可知，馬丁內(nèi)斯的祖母幫忙做縫紉工作來支持她。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ShebegandonatinghercreationstoshelterslikeForeverPawsinFallRiver,hopingitwouldattractapotentialfamily.(她開始把自己的作品捐贈(zèng)給福爾河的“永遠(yuǎn)的爪子”等收容所，希望能吸引一個(gè)潛在的家庭)”可知，馬丁內(nèi)斯把圍巾送給動(dòng)物收容所是為了增加動(dòng)物被收養(yǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Later,acampgroundsheoftenvisitedheldacraftfair.Surroundedbypetownersandtheirbelovedpets,Maliahadanideathatwouldchangelives.Whynotcreatebandannas,akindofcolorfulscarf,fordogsandcatsandusethemtosupportanimalshelters?(后來，她經(jīng)常去的一個(gè)露營(yíng)地舉辦了一個(gè)工藝品博覽會(huì)。在寵物主人和他們心愛的寵物的簇?fù)硐?，瑪利亞有了一個(gè)可以改變生活的想法。為什么不為狗和貓制作一種彩色圍巾，用來支持動(dòng)物收容所呢？)”以及最后一段“Besidesdonatingbandannas,Martinezbegansellingthemthroughword-of-mouthandatpop-upevents.Rangingfrom$3to$7,moneyfromhersalesisnowdonatedtoshelterstoo.Afewweeksago,shedonatedmorethan$200totheKingstonAnimalShelter.(除了捐贈(zèng)大手帕，馬丁內(nèi)斯還開始通過口口相傳和快閃活動(dòng)來銷售大手帕。她的銷售額從3美元到7美元不等，現(xiàn)在也捐給了收容所。幾周前，她向金斯頓動(dòng)物收容所捐贈(zèng)了200多美元)”可知，馬丁內(nèi)斯有創(chuàng)造力和有愛心的。故選C。CManypeoplewouldbelievethatthesmoothflowoftrafficincityareasishighlydependentonstreetdesigns.Asitturnsout,thismaynotbethecaseafterall.Anewtypeofdesigncalledawoonerf,theDutchtermfor“l(fā)ivingstreet”,operatesunderquiteadifferentphilosophy.Awoonerfisapavedstreetareawithpracticallynosigns,lines,ortrafficsignals.Itseemscounter-intuitivethattheabsenceoftypicaltrafficmarkingscouldleadtosaferstreetswithfeweraccidentsandevenoptimizetrafficflow,yetitseemsthatitdoes.Streetmarkersservetocreateasenseofsafety,butinfact,theyactuallymakeroadslesssafebecausedriverstendtofeelthattheydonotneedtopayasmuchattentioniftheyhavesignsandmarkerstellingthemwhattodo.Removingmarkerscreatesanambiguousenvironmentfordrivers,cyclists,andpedestrians,causingthemtopaymoreattentiontotheirsurroundingsandrequiringthemtointeractmorewitheachotherbymakingeyecontactmoreoften.Ineffect,makingstreetsappeartobemoredangerousactuallymakesthemsafer,creatingacooperativebalanceamongtheusers.Sincetheplanwascarriedout,ithasbroughtpositiveresults.OnetowninEnglandthatrecentlyremovedwhitelinesfromroadssawa35percentdecreaseintherateofaccidentsanda5percentdropinaveragedrivingspeed.Firstintroducedinthe1970sintheNetherlands,wheretheyarestillcommon,livingstreetscanalsobefoundinGermany,Denmark,andSwitzerland,andtheyarebecomingmorepopularthroughoutEuropeandAmerica.Bytakingintoconsiderationhumans’responsetoapparentdanger,thesesharedspacesareabletocreateanenvironmentwherehumansworkwell.8.Whatdoesawoonerfreferto?A.ADutchstreet. B.Adesignofstreet.C.Atermfortrafficflow. D.Asetoftrafficmarkers.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimize”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Double. B.Prevent. C.Record. D.Improve.10.Whatinfluencedoesthewoonerfhaveonpeople?A.Theycanmovearoundmorefreely. B.Theytakelittlenoticeoftrafficrules.C.Theyaremorecarefulaboutroadsafety. D.Theyaremoreinterestedintheenvironment.11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewoonerffromthelastparagraph?A.IthasworkedwellinAsia. B.ItspreadswidelyinEurope.C.Itincreasesthedrivingspeed. D.Ithasaddedtothetrafficflow.〖答案〗8.B9.D10.C11.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一種名為woonerf的新型設(shè)計(jì)，woonerf是一個(gè)鋪砌的街道區(qū)域，幾乎沒有標(biāo)志、線路或交通信號(hào)。介紹了這種設(shè)計(jì)的好處以及應(yīng)用情況。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewtypeofdesigncalledawoonerf,theDutchtermfor“l(fā)ivingstreet”,operatesunderquiteadifferentphilosophy.Awoonerfisapavedstreetareawithpracticallynosigns,lines,ortrafficsignals.(一種名為woonerf的新型設(shè)計(jì)，在荷蘭語中是“生活街道”的意思，其運(yùn)作理念完全不同。woonerf是一個(gè)鋪砌的街道區(qū)域，幾乎沒有標(biāo)志、線路或交通信號(hào))”可知，woonerf指的是街道設(shè)計(jì)。故選B?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“theabsenceoftypicaltrafficmarkingscouldleadtosaferstreetswithfeweraccidentsandeven(沒有典型的交通標(biāo)志可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致更安全的街道，減少事故，甚至……)”以及后文“trafficflow(交通流量)”可知，此處是在說明沒有交通標(biāo)志帶來的好處，更安全的街道，減少事故，甚至改善交通流量。故劃線詞意思是“改善”。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Removingmarkerscreatesanambiguousenvironmentfordrivers,cyclists,andpedestrians,causingthemtopaymoreattentiontotheirsurroundingsandrequiringthemtointeractmorewitheachotherbymakingeyecontactmoreoften.Ineffect,makingstreetsappeartobemoredangerousactuallymakesthemsafer,creatingacooperativebalanceamongtheusers.(移除標(biāo)記會(huì)給司機(jī)、騎自行車的人和行人創(chuàng)造一個(gè)模糊的環(huán)境，使他們更加關(guān)注周圍的環(huán)境，并要求他們通過更頻繁的眼神交流來進(jìn)行更多的互動(dòng)。實(shí)際上，讓街道看起來更危險(xiǎn)實(shí)際上會(huì)讓它們更安全，在使用者之間創(chuàng)造一種合作的平衡)”可知，woonerf讓人們更注意道路安全。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Firstintroducedinthe1970sintheNetherlands,wheretheyarestillcommon,livingstreetscanalsobefoundinGermany,Denmark,andSwitzerland,andtheyarebecomingmorepopularthroughoutEuropeandAmerica.(“生活街”最早于20世紀(jì)70年代在荷蘭推出，至今仍很普遍。如今，在德國(guó)、丹麥和瑞士也可以找到“生活街”，在整個(gè)歐洲和美國(guó)也越來越流行)”可知，woonerf在歐洲廣泛傳播。故選B。DAroundonemillioncuneiformtablets(楔形文字泥板)havebeenfoundworldwide,onwhichcuneiform—theoldestknownformofwriting—wascarved.Deciphering(破譯)thosecuneiformtabletshelpsknowabouttheincrediblestoriesofmen,womenandchildrenintheearlyperiodofhistory.However,theyareheavilyweatheredandthusdifficulttodecipher.Anewartificialintelligence(AI)softwareisnowabletoexplaindifficult-to-readtexts.ItwasdevelopedbyateamfromMartinLutherUniversityHalle-Wittenberg(MLU)andMainzUniversityofAppliedSciences.HubertMara,aprofessoratMLU,andhisresearchteamcameupwiththeideaofdevelopinganAIsystemthatapplied3Dmodels.Insteadofphotos,theresearchersfirstused3Dmodelsofnearly2,000cuneiformtablets,includingaround50fromacollectionatMLU,achievingsignificantlymoredependableresultsthanpreviousmethods.Thenewsystemdecipherscharactersbetterthanpreviousmethods.Inprinciple,theAIsystemworksalongthesamelinesasOCRsoftware,whichturnstheimagesofwritingandtextintomachine-readabletext.“OCRusuallyworkswithphotographs.Thisisnoproblemforinkonpaper.Inthecaseofcuneiformtablets,however,thingsaremoredifficultbecausethelightingconditionsgreatlyinfluencehowwellcertaincharacterscanberecognized,”explainsMara.TheteamtrainedthenewAIsoftwareanddidsucceedinrecognizingthesymbolsonthetablets.“Weweresurprisedtofindthatoursystemworkssowellwiththesetablets,whichareheavilyweathered,”saysMara.Theworkbytheresearchersmakesamajorstepforwardinthestudyofancientwritingsystemsandopensupmanynewlinesofscientificexploration.Upuntilnow,itcanonlytranslatesymbolsfromtwolanguages.However,atotaloftwelvecuneiformlanguagesareknowntoexist.Inthefuture,thesoftwarecouldalsohelptodecipherweatheredinscriptions(碑文),forexampleincemeteries,whicharethree-dimensionallikecuneiform.12.Whatdowe-knowaboutcuneiformtablets?A.Theyaregreatlydamagedovertime. B.Theyrecordmanyprehistoricstories.C.Theyshowbigprogressinwriting. D.Theyarequitesmallinnumber.13.WhatisspecialaboutthenewAIsystem?A.ItusesOCRsoftware. B.Itisbasedon3Dmodels.C.Itcantranslate12languages. D.Itcanturntextsintosymbols.14.WhatimpressedMaraduringtheresearch?A.Thedifficultyinsavingcuneiformtablets. B.Thediscoveryofanewwritingsystem.C.Theachievementsincomputerscience. D.TheeffectivenessofthenewAIsystem.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.3Dmodelsareusefulinresearches B.OCRsoftwaredecipheredcuneiformC.AIsoftwarehelpsreadancientsymbols D.ScientistsuseAItofindcuneiformtablets〖答案〗12.A13.B14.D15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由馬丁·路德大學(xué)哈勒-維滕貝格和美因茨應(yīng)用科學(xué)大學(xué)的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)的一種新的人工智能軟件可以破譯被嚴(yán)重風(fēng)化的楔形文字碑上的兩種文字的事情?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,theyareheavilyweatheredandthusdifficulttodecipher.(然而，它們被嚴(yán)重風(fēng)化，因此難以破譯)”可知，楔形文字碑隨著時(shí)間被嚴(yán)重地破壞了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Insteadofphotos,theresearchersfirstused3Dmodelsofnearly2,000cuneiformtablets,includingaround50fromacollectionatMLU,achievingsignificantlymoredependableresultsthanpreviousmethods.(研究人員首先使用了近2000塊楔形文字的3D模型，而不是照片，其中包括MLU收集的大約50塊，獲得了比以前的方法更可靠的結(jié)果)”可推知，新的AI系統(tǒng)的特別之處是它基于3D模型。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““Weweresurprisedtofindthatoursystemworkssowellwiththesetablets,whichareheavilyweathered,”saysMara.(瑪拉說：“我們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的系統(tǒng)在這些風(fēng)化嚴(yán)重的平板電腦上運(yùn)行得如此之好?！?”可知，在研究過程中，系統(tǒng)在這些風(fēng)化嚴(yán)重的平板電腦上運(yùn)行得如此之好。由此推知，給瑪拉留下了深刻的印象的是新人工智能系統(tǒng)的有效性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Anewartificialintelligence(AI)softwareisnowabletoexplaindifficult-to-readtexts.(一種新的人工智能(AI)軟件現(xiàn)在能夠解釋難以閱讀的文本)”可知，本文主要介紹了人工智能軟件幫助閱讀古代符號(hào)的事情。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallknowthatfishtanksbringcomfortandpeaceforadults—oratleast,weareinabettermoodafterstaringatourfishforawhile.Butwhataboutkids?___16___Takingcareofsomethingthatdependsonthemteacheskidsresponsibility.Ithelpsthemrealizethatwhattheydoisimportantandthatsometimesthingsneedtogetdone（likefeedingthefish）evenwhentheydon'tfeellikedoingit.Youcanhaveyourchildhelpwithcleaningthefishtank.___17___Ayoungchildcouldsimplywatchandhandyouthethingsyouneed.Kidsingradeschoolcouldhelpcleantheoutsideofthefishtank.Teenscouldhelpmorewiththeactualcleaningprocess.Keepingafishtankalsohasadirecteffectonkids'mentalhealth.___18___Onestudyhasshownthatpeoplefeelmorerelaxedandcalmerafterwatchinglivefishinatankforfiveminutes.Interestingly,studieshavealsoshownthatwatchingfishinatankhelpscalmkids.Sowhynotbringthatexperiencetoyourhome?___19___Onefunpartofhavingafishtankischoosingfromarangeoffascinatingfish,plantsandotherdecorations.Ifyoucan,getkidsinvolvedinthisprocessbybringingthemalongtothefishstorewithyouwhenyouselectfishordecorations.Youcandiscusswithyourkidsaboutyourchoices.___20___Itmightnotseemlikeyou'reteachinganything—butthroughtheseconversations,kidsarelearningtothinkcreatively.Theylearnhowtoselectfishforacommunitytankinsteadofjustpickingoutafishbecause"It'spretty!"A.Letyourkidhelpersgivetheirinput,too!B.Toaddtothebenefits,itinspirescreativity.C.Keepingafishtankbringslotsoffuntokids.D.Arekidsabletotakegoodcareofafishtank?E.Givethemresponsibilitiesthatmakesensefortheirage.F.Goodnewsisthatowningafishtankforthemhasmanybenefits.G.Ifyoufeelbetterafterwatchingfish,it'snotjustyourimagination!〖答案〗16.F17.E18.G19.A20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了養(yǎng)魚對(duì)孩子的好處。【16題詳析】空格前的句子“Weallknowthatfishtanksbringcomfortandpeaceforadults—oratleast,weareinabettermoodafterstaringatourfishforawhile.Butwhataboutkids?(我們都知道魚缸給成年人帶來了舒適和安寧——或者至少，我們盯著我們的魚看了一會(huì)兒后心情會(huì)好一些。

但是對(duì)孩子們呢?

)”說明養(yǎng)魚的益處的同時(shí)，提出了一個(gè)問題，“養(yǎng)魚對(duì)孩子們?cè)趺礃幽?？”，所以，空格處的句子?yīng)該是回答這一問題。F項(xiàng)“Goodnewsisthatowningafishtankforthemhasmanybenefits.(好消息是，對(duì)他們來說，擁有一個(gè)魚缸有很多好處。)”是對(duì)上文問題的回答，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)該段的主題句“Takingcareofsomethingthatdependsonthemteacheskidsresponsibility.(照顧好依賴于自己的東西會(huì)教會(huì)孩子們責(zé)任感。)”和空格前的句子“Youcanhaveyourchildhelpwithcleaningthefishtank.(你可以讓你的孩子幫忙清洗魚缸。)”以及空格后的句子“Ayoungchildcouldsimplywatchandhandyouthethingsyouneed.Kidsingradeschoolcouldhelpcleantheoutsideofthefishtank.Teenscouldhelpmorewiththeactualcleaningprocess.(一個(gè)小孩子可以簡(jiǎn)單地看著你，然后把你需要的東西遞給你。小學(xué)生可以幫忙清理魚缸的外面。青少年可以在實(shí)際的清潔過程中提供更多幫助。)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該和給孩子們責(zé)任有關(guān)，所以，E項(xiàng)“Givethemresponsibilitiesthatmakesensefortheirage.(給他們一些適合他們年齡的責(zé)任。

)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】根據(jù)空格前的句子“Keepingafishtankalsohasadirecteffectonkids'mentalhealth.(養(yǎng)一個(gè)魚缸對(duì)孩子的心理健康也有直接的影響。)”和空格后的句子“Onestudyhasshownthatpeoplefeelmorerelaxedandcalmerafterwatchinglivefishinatankforfiveminutes.Interestingly,studieshavealsoshownthatwatchingfishinatankhelpscalmkids.(一項(xiàng)研究表明，人們?cè)谟^看魚缸里的活魚五分鐘后會(huì)感到更放松、更平靜。

有趣的是，研究還表明，在魚缸里看魚有助于讓孩子平靜下來。)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該說養(yǎng)魚對(duì)孩子心理健康的作用，所以，G項(xiàng)“Ifyoufeelbetterafterwatchingfish,it'snotjustyourimagination!(如果你看完魚后感覺好多了，這不僅僅是你的想象!

)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】空格處是該段的主題句，根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容“Onefunpartofhavingafishtankischoosingfromarangeoffascinatingfish,plantsandotherdecorations.Ifyoucan,getkidsinvolvedinthisprocessbybringingthemalongtothefishstorewithyouwhenyouselectfishordecorations.Youcandiscusswithyourkidsaboutyourchoices.(擁有一個(gè)魚缸的一個(gè)有趣的部分是從一系列迷人的魚，植物和其他裝飾品中選擇。如果可以的話，讓孩子們參與到這個(gè)過程中來，當(dāng)你選擇魚或裝飾品的時(shí)候，帶他們一起去魚店。你可以和你的孩子討論你的選擇。)”可知，此處是說，應(yīng)該讓孩子參與選擇魚或者裝飾品的過程，所以，A項(xiàng)“Letyourkidhelpersgivetheirinput,too!(讓你的孩子幫手也提供他們的意見!)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空格后的句子“Itmightnotseemlikeyou'reteachinganything—butthroughtheseconversations,kidsarelearningtothinkcreatively.(這看起來好像你沒有教什么，但是通過這些對(duì)話，孩子們正在學(xué)習(xí)創(chuàng)造性地思考。)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該涉及到“養(yǎng)魚有助于培養(yǎng)孩子的創(chuàng)造性”，所以，B項(xiàng)“Toaddtothebenefits,itinspirescreativity.(除此之外，它還能激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力。)”填入空格處，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadtraveledaroundCypruswithmyhusbandJohn.Iwas___21___withthefriendlyCypriotlocalsandthebeautifulscenery.Westoppedandtooka___22___atabeach-frontrestaurantlocatedatGovernor’sBeach,enjoyingthebeach-viewjustafewmetersaway.Slowlyourtablestartedtobe___23___withfreshsaladsandseafooddishes.EachtimeourwaiterΝ?κο?___24___ourtable,Ilookedupandsaid“ευχαριστ?”(Thankyou).“Whydoyoualwayssaythankyou?”Niκo?asked,holdingbothhandsupwards,asifaskingforan___25___.Ismiled,wantingtomakeaconnectionand___26___aculturalexchange,“Wethinkit’sgood___27___toexpressourthanksfortheworkyoudo.”“Butit’smy___28___!Notnecessarytosayso!”Ν?κο?replied.Laughing,Ireplied,“Well,it’smyfirstdayinCyprus.Thankyoufortellingmethis.AndI’munderstandingmyCypriotfriendsbackinBritain.”___29___,laughingshowedthatIwasn’ttakingthismatterseriouslyenough.Ν?κο?lookedatmeandjoked,“Don’t____30____.HereinCypruswewillfixafewthingswithyou!”JohnandIlookedateachotherand____31____laughing.Somethingas____32____aswhenandwheretosay“thankyou”canbeanopportunityto____33____andlearnmoreaboutothersfromdifferentbackgroundsandculturalnorms.Andthat’swhyIlovetravelingsomuch.Icanseeinmyownlifehowtravelhasbeenabridgethat____34____culturalgaps—leadingtopeaceandgreater____35____ofthepeoplewholivetogetheronourwonderfulplanetEarth.21.A.embarrassed B.impressed C.bored D.satisfied22.A.position B.photo C.meal D.rest23.A.filled B.greeted C.provided D.mixed24.A.served B.cleaned C.fixed D.reached25.A.example B.agreement C.introduction D.explanation26.A.recall B.share C.teach D.experience27.A.news B.tricks C.manners D.habits28.A.advice B.purpose C.job D.choice29.A.Exactly B.Luckily C.Normally D.Obviously30.A.worry B.pardon C.doubt D.argue31.A.focusedon B.putoff C.burstout D.stuckto32.A.magic B.funny C.normal D.simple33.A.admire B.connect C.support D.educate34.A.widens B.stresses C.leaves D.closes35.A.difference B.understanding C.independence D.opening〖答案〗21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己和丈夫在塞浦路斯旅行的小插曲講述了自己熱愛旅行的原因，旅行可以建立聯(lián)系，消除文化隔閡，讓共同生活在世界上的人之間和平共處、互相理解。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：友好的塞浦路斯當(dāng)?shù)厝撕兔利惖娘L(fēng)景給我留下了深刻的印象。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.impressed有深刻的好印象；C.bored厭倦的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)空后的“withthefriendlyCypriotlocalsandthebeautifulscenery”可知，作者對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)赜押玫娜藗兒兔利惖娘L(fēng)景印象深刻。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)诳偠胶┑囊患液I餐廳停下來吃了一頓飯，欣賞著幾米外的海灘景色。A.position位置；B.photo照片；C.meal一頓飯；D.rest休息。根據(jù)空后的“atabeach-frontrestaurant”和下文的“freshsaladsandseafooddishes”“ourwaiter”等可知，作者和丈夫在這家餐廳吃飯。故選C。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：慢慢地，我們的桌子上開始擺滿了新鮮的沙拉和海鮮菜肴。A.filled充滿，裝滿；B.greeted打招呼，歡迎；C.provided提供；D.mixed（使）混合。根據(jù)空后的“withfreshsaladsandseafooddishes”可知，他們的餐桌上擺滿了要吃的新鮮沙拉和海鮮菜肴。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我們的服務(wù)員Ν?κο?為我們桌上菜時(shí)，我都會(huì)抬頭說“ευχαριστ?”（謝謝）。A.served提供，服務(wù)；B.cleaned打掃；C.fixed使固定；D.reached到達(dá)。根據(jù)空前的“ourwaiterΝ?κο?”和空后的“ourtable”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，服務(wù)員為我們這一桌端菜。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你為什么總是說謝謝？”Ν?κο?問道，雙手向上舉起，好像在尋求解釋。A.example例子；B.agreement協(xié)議；C.introduction介紹；D.explanation解釋。根據(jù)句中的“Whydoyoualwayssaythankyou?(“你為什么總是說謝謝？)”可知，Ν?κο?想要作者給出解釋。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我笑了，想建立聯(lián)系，分享文化交流，“我們認(rèn)為對(duì)你所做的工作表示感謝是很有禮貌的。”A.recall回憶；B.share分享；C.teach教；D.experience經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)空后的“aculturalexchange,“Wethinkit’sgood______toexpressourthanksfortheworkyoudo.””可知，作者解釋自己說謝謝的原因，想要跟Ν?κο?分享文化交流，讓他明白這是自己認(rèn)為禮貌的行為。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.news新聞；B.tricks詭計(jì)，技巧；C.manners禮儀，禮貌；D.habits習(xí)慣。根據(jù)空前的“good”和空后的“toexpressourthanksfortheworkyoudo”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，對(duì)某人的服務(wù)表示感謝是一種禮貌行為。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但這是我的工作！A.advice建議；B.purpose目的；C.job工作；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)上文中的“theworkyoudo”和下文中的“Notnecessarytosayso!(沒必要這么說！)”可知，Ν?κο?認(rèn)為向作者他們提供服務(wù)是自己本來應(yīng)該的工作。故選C。【29題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，笑表明我沒有把這件事當(dāng)真。A.Exactly準(zhǔn)確地，確切地；B.Luckily幸運(yùn)地；C.Normally通常，正常情況下；D.Obviously顯然，明顯地。根據(jù)句中的“l(fā)aughingshowedthatIwasn’ttakingthismatterseriouslyenough”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，作者對(duì)Ν?κο?的回答一笑了之，說明她沒有對(duì)這個(gè)小小的文化沖突太過在意，這是顯而易見的。故選D。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：別擔(dān)心。A.worry擔(dān)心；B.pardon原諒；C.doubt懷疑；D.argue爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)下文中的“HereinCypruswewillfixafewthingswithyou!(在塞浦路斯，我們會(huì)和你一起解決一些問題！)”可知，Ν?κο?開玩笑說在這里大家會(huì)一起幫助作者解決問題，這是為了消除作者在陌生國(guó)度對(duì)文化差異的擔(dān)心。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：約翰和我互相瞅了一眼，突然大笑起來。A.focusedon集中注意力于；B.putoff推遲；C.burstout突然……起來；D.stuckto堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)空前的“JohnandIlookedateachotherand”和空后的“l(fā)aughing”可知，聽完Ν?κο?的玩笑話，作者和丈夫看了彼此一眼，突然笑出了聲。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：像何時(shí)何地說“謝謝”這樣簡(jiǎn)單的事情，可以成為一個(gè)聯(lián)系和了解來自不同背景和文化規(guī)范的人的機(jī)會(huì)。A.magic有魔力的；B.funny有趣的；C.normal正常的；D.simple簡(jiǎn)單的。根據(jù)“whenandwheretosay“thankyou””并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，在什么情況下說“謝謝”是一件非常簡(jiǎn)單的事情。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.admire羨慕，欽佩；B.connect連接，建立良好關(guān)系；C.support支持；D.educate教育。根據(jù)上文中的“wantingtomakeaconnection”可知，了解在什么情況下說“謝謝”是一個(gè)建立聯(lián)系的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我自己的生活中，我可以看到旅行是如何成為彌合文化隔閡的橋梁的，它帶來了和平，增進(jìn)了對(duì)生活在我們美麗地球上的人們的理解。A.widens拓寬；B.stresses強(qiáng)調(diào)；C.leaves離開；D.closes結(jié)束，關(guān)閉。根據(jù)空后的“culturalgaps”可知，旅行可以消除文化隔閡。故選D。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.difference不同，差異；B.understanding理解；C.independence獨(dú)立；D.opening開始。根據(jù)空后的“ofthepeoplewholivetogetheronourwonderfulplanetEarth”可知，這里表示增進(jìn)對(duì)生活在同一地球上的人們的理解。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ashortsoftbrushconnectedtoalonghardhandle—asimpleChinesewritingbrushcandescribethemostcomplicatedidea.Perhapsthewritingbrushisoneofthefewtools___36___(invent)byhumansthatissopracticalyetsorichinsymbolicmeaningsover___37___(century).Itnotonlyexpressedcommonpeople’sfeelings,butalsorecordedhistoryandcreatedthemostrefinedartandliteratureofthisculture,greatly___38___(influence)thedevelopmentpathofChinesecivilization.ThewritingbrushisnotonlyarepresentativeofChineseculture,butalsothe___39___(create)ofChineseculture.MengTian,agreatgeneraloftheQinstate,haslongbeenconsidered___40___theforefatherofthewritingbrush.Legendhasitthatonedayhewasouthunting.Hesawthatthetailof___41___unluckyrabbithadleftatrailofbloodontheground,___42___inspiredhimtomakethefirstChinesewritingbrushinhistory.___43___(actual),thehistoryoftheChinesebrushdatesbackatleast6,000years.Archaeologicalevidence(考古證據(jù))showsthatmorethan6,000yearsago,peoplelivingintheBanposite,10kilometerseastoftoday’sXi’an,Shaanxiprovince,___44___(use)brushestodrawpatternsandlines.However,inthelate20thcentury,withthewidespreadadoptionofmodernpens,writingbrushesbegantolosetheirlong-standingimportance.Inaneffort____45____(protect)thisancientcraft,thecraftmanshipofmakingtheHuzhouwritingbrushes—HuBrushwaslistedinthefirstbatchofnationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))in2006.〖答案〗36.invented37.centuries38.influencing39.creator40.as41.an42.which43.Actually44.used45.toprotect【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了毛筆的意義、起源以及對(duì)毛筆制作技藝的保護(hù)?！?6題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：也許毛筆是人類發(fā)明的為數(shù)不多的工具之一，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，它既實(shí)用又具有豐富的象征意義。is為be動(dòng)詞，所以空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞。邏輯主語thefewtools和invent之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，作后置定語。故填invented?！?7題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意參考上題。century意為“世紀(jì)”，為可數(shù)名詞。空前沒有限定詞修飾，這里表示幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。overcenturies意為“幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來”。故填centuries?！?8題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它不僅表達(dá)了普通人的感情，而且記錄了歷史，創(chuàng)造了這種文化中最精致的藝術(shù)和文學(xué)，極大地影響了中華文明的發(fā)展道路。noton