牛津譯林版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)《Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world》2024年同步練習(xí)卷

牛津譯林版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)《Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld》2024年同步練習(xí)卷一、填空題1．Hisdutyasa（politics）wastorepresenttheinterestsoftheworkingclass.2．Iftheweatherkeepsraining，thesportsmeetwillhaveto（postpone）again.3．（Devoted\Beingdevoted）totheresearchwork，hehasnotimetolookafterhischildren.4．（compare）withtheoldone，thenewbuildinglooksmorebeautiful．5．Theydon'tpermit（talk）loudlyinthelibrary.6．Anymedicine（take）withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.7．（approach）inthedark，thelightslookedlonelyandpurposeless.8．Icanneverfinda（good）placeforabirthdayparty.二、閱讀理解9．JaneGoodallisbestknownforher26﹣yearstudyofthechimpsinthewild.There，shemadeseveralrevolutionarydiscoveriesthatmadeheroneofthegreatestfieldscientistsofthe20thcentury.BorninLondonin1934，theexpectationsforJanewerestandardforthetime：amarriagetoaniceman，followedbyafewchildren.Fortunately（幼蟲）tobed；ratherthanscreaming，andtogether，theytookthembacktothegarden.JanewasabookwormwhoadmiredDoctorDolittleandlovedtheTarzannovels.Readingdiditsusuallyquietbutlife﹣changingthing：JanedevelopedadreamtogotoAfricaandliveamongthewildanimals.JanerealizedherdreamonJuly14，1960whenshearrivedatGombeStreamGameReservetostudythechimps.However，fortwomonths，runningawayfromher."ThemoreIthoughtofthetaskIhadsetmyself，themorediscouragedIbecame，"JanewroteinherfirstbookEventually，shebecamefamiliarwithamalechimpandhisbigfamily.Sheobservedthemkiss，hug，andshaketheirfingersateachother.Shewatchedthemactveryhuman﹣like.Oneday，movingquietlythroughthejungle，Janesawthemalechimpsitbesidealargetermitemound（白蟻土堆）Inanycase，Jane'sdiscoverybecamethetalkofthescientificworld.Harvard'sStephenJayGouldobserved，"Wemustnowre﹣thinkwhatthewords'tool'and'man'meanoracceptchimpsashumans."（1）WhatdidJane'smotherdowhenshefoundthewormsonthebed？A．Shestudiedthemcarefully.B．Sheshoutedatherdaughter.C．Shethrewthemintothegarden.D．Sheexplainedtheylikedthesoil.（2）WhichisthemajorreasonthatmadeJanedreamtoworkinthewild？A．DoctorDolittle'sinvitation.B．Herinterestinchimps.C．Thereadinginherchildhood.D．Hermother'sencouragement.（3）HowdidJanefeelduringthefirsttwomonthsinAfrica？A．Lonely.B．Frightened.C．Hopeless.D．Content.（4）WhatdidStephenJayGould'swordsimply？A．Chimpsshouldbeacceptedashumans.B．Jane'sdiscoveryisofgreatimportance.C．Onlyhumanbeingsknowhowtomakeuseoftools.D．Thescientistsshouldconfirmthemeaningofthewords.三、選詞填空10．短語(yǔ)填空byaccident；farfrom；infavourof（1）chargingconsumershighprices，manyoftheseservicesarefreeofcharge.（2）Aclearmajorityofjudgeswerethatintelligentrobot.（3）Thedeliveryofhouseholdappliancesis.（4）Youshouldbeawarethatsuccessisnotsomethingthathappens.四、語(yǔ)法填空11．DianFosseywasanAmericanzoologistwhodevoted20yearsofherlife（1）thestudyandprotectionofAfrica'srareandendangeredmountaingorillas．ShereceivedinstructioninfieldworkfromchimpspecialistJaneGoodall，andbegan（2）（watch）andrecordingthebehaviorofmountaingorillas．HerworktookhertoZaireandthentoRwanda，（3）shefoundedtheKarisokeResearchCenter．Afteryearsof（4）（patience）observation，thegorillascametoknowandtrusther，andshefoundthatshecouldsitamongthegorillasandevenplay（5）（happy）withtheiryoung．In1980，sheattendedtheUniversityofCambridge．Afterwardsshetookup（6）teachingjobatCornellUniversityinNewYork，whereshewroteabook（7）（call）GorillasintheMistaboutherexperiencesinRwanda．In1984，shereturnedtotheKarisokeResearchCenter（8）（continue）herfieldwork．Whenherfavoritegorilla（9）（kill）bypoachers，F(xiàn)osseystartedacampaignagainstpoaching．Sheraisedworldwideawarenessabouttheendangeredmountaingorillas，andtheanimalsarenowprotectedbythegovernmentofRwandaandsomeinternational（10）（organize），includingtheDianFosseyGorillaFund．五、單詞拼寫12．Inourcountry，everyonehasrightsand（自由）toexpresshisorherthoughtsandideas．13．Sandrawasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandherpersistence（得到回報(bào)）.14．Wefinishedlaterthanwe（打算，計(jì)劃）.15．Thecaraccidentinvestigatorischargedwithbeingone﹣sidedand（偏袒，有利于）theoffender.16．（涂抹）thecreamtoyourfaceandneck.六、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換17．Theyoungscientistencounteredmanydifficultiesduringhis（explore）.18．wisdomn.智慧，知識(shí)，學(xué)問(wèn)→adj.明智的；聰明的→adv.聰明地19．n．責(zé)任，職責(zé)→adj．負(fù)責(zé)的20．Wecannotaffordto（ignorance）theiradvice.21．Theyareincapableofthinking（intelligent）aboutpolitics.22．Theyweregoodfriendsbuttherewasnoromantic（involve）.23．Iwasn'texpectingyoutodoitfor（freedom）.24．She'sawomanofunusual（intelligent）.25．Thereissomuch（ignorant）aboutthisdeadlyillness.26．Inthecourseof（evolve），somebirdshavelostthepowerofflight.27．Standardsof（moral）seemtobedropping.七、翻譯題28．a(chǎn)uthorityn.權(quán)威，權(quán)力；官方①當(dāng)權(quán)者②擁有……的主權(quán)③有權(quán)做某事④在某人的授權(quán)下⑤未經(jīng)某人的許可⑥根據(jù)……所授的權(quán)力；得到……的許可29．高度評(píng)價(jià)

牛津譯林版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)《Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld》2024年同步練習(xí)卷參考答案與試題解析一、填空題1．【解答】答案：politician.介詞后接名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不定冠詞a后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。2．【解答】答案：bepostponed.themeet與postpone之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故填：be。3．【解答】句意：致力于研究工作，他沒(méi)有時(shí)間照顧孩子，去掉be動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填：Devoted。4．【解答】答案：Compared考查過(guò)去分詞．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，因?yàn)樗o的動(dòng)詞compare與其邏輯主語(yǔ)he是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，compare的過(guò)去分詞是comparedwith…意為"與…相比"．5．【解答】答案：talking.根據(jù)句意：他們不允許在圖書館大聲說(shuō)話。以及提示單詞空格處缺少"說(shuō)話"，允許做某事。故填talking。6．【解答】結(jié)合句意：任何未經(jīng)醫(yī)生建議而服用的藥物都可能引起麻煩。taken為過(guò)去分詞。故填taken。7．【解答】結(jié)合句意：在黑暗中走近時(shí)。那些電燈顯得孤單而無(wú)意義作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故填A(yù)pproached。8．【解答】句意：我再也找不到比這更好的地方來(lái)舉辦生日聚會(huì)了。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知這句話使用否定詞never和形容詞比較級(jí)搭配。故填：better。二、閱讀理解9．【解答】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"OncemotherthatJanebroughtaofbedthan，shethatnewfriendstheto，and，theythemtogarden.（有一次；她沒(méi)有尖叫，她的新的小朋友'需要土壤來(lái)存活。）"可知，她解釋說(shuō)它們喜歡土壤。（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Readingitsquietlife﹣changingdevelopedatotoandamongwild，閱讀往往是平靜卻能改變生活的，和野生動(dòng)物生活在一起，簡(jiǎn)夢(mèng)想在野外工作的主要原因是她童年時(shí)代的閱讀。（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中"'TheIthoughttheIhadmyselfmoreIbecame，'wroteherbook..."可知，我就越泄氣，簡(jiǎn)在非洲的頭兩個(gè)月感覺(jué)很絕望。（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中最后一句"'Wenowwhatwordsandmeanacceptas，哈佛大學(xué)的StephenGould說(shuō)："我們現(xiàn)在必須重新思考'工具'和'人'的含義。"由此推斷出Jay。故選B。三、選詞填空10．【解答】（1）Farfrom.考查固定搭配，而不是向消費(fèi)者收取高昂的價(jià)格from遠(yuǎn)非"，開頭字母要大寫from。（2）infavour。根據(jù)句意"顯然大多數(shù)裁判員都支持那個(gè)智能機(jī)器人favour，作表語(yǔ)favour。（3）freeof。根據(jù)句意家用電器的送貨是免費(fèi)的of，作表語(yǔ)of。（4）byaccident.考查固定搭配。"可知要填的詞為"by，作狀語(yǔ)accident。四、語(yǔ)法填空11．【解答】（1）to．考查介詞，她用了20年的時(shí)間研究和保護(hù)非洲珍稀瀕危的山地大猩猩，固定搭配，后面接名詞或代詞等．（2）watching．考查動(dòng)名詞，并開始觀察和記錄山地大猩猩的行為，當(dāng)談及一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期活動(dòng)或開始一種習(xí)慣時(shí)，本句中觀察和記錄山地大猩猩的行為是一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期的活動(dòng)，故填watching．（3）where．考查定語(yǔ)從句，她先去了扎伊爾，在那里她建立了卡里索克研究中心，連接詞指代先行詞Rwanda在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where．（4）patient．考查形容詞，大猩猩們開始了解并信任她，甚至可以快樂(lè)地和它們的幼崽玩耍，應(yīng)用所給詞的形容詞patient"耐心的"．（5）happily．考查副詞，大猩猩們開始了解并信任她，甚至可以快樂(lè)地和它們的幼崽玩耍，應(yīng)用副詞happily"快樂(lè)地"．（6）a．考查冠詞，她就讀于劍橋大學(xué)，在那里她寫了一本書，講述了她在盧旺達(dá)的經(jīng)歷，可數(shù)名詞，故填a．（7）called．考查過(guò)去分詞，她就讀于劍橋大學(xué)，在那里她寫了一本書，講述了她在盧旺達(dá)的經(jīng)歷，此處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞book，與book之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填called．（8）tocontinue．考查不定式，她回到卡里索克研究中心繼續(xù)她的實(shí)地調(diào)查，此處在句子中作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填tocontinue．（9）waskilled．考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，福西開始了一場(chǎng)反對(duì)偷獵的運(yùn)動(dòng)，從句中應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)favorite，與動(dòng)詞kill之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填waskilled．（10）organizations．考查名詞的數(shù)，這些動(dòng)物現(xiàn)在受到盧旺達(dá)政府和一些國(guó)際組織的保護(hù)．空格前有形容詞international修飾，some修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式．五、單詞拼寫12．【解答】答案：freedom．考查翻譯填空，要填入名詞，后接名詞賓語(yǔ)．13．【解答】答案：paidoff.根據(jù)中文意思"得到回報(bào)"，使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)payoff。故答案為：paidoff.14．【解答】答案：intended.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示"打算，計(jì)劃"和空前的主語(yǔ)we可知，"打算，時(shí)態(tài)與主句的finished保持一致。15．【解答】根據(jù)題意，"偏袒，其中"with"為介詞，該動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞的形式。故填：favouring。16．【解答】答案：Apply.根據(jù)中文意思可知使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)apply…to…"把…涂到…"，句子是祈使句。故答案為：Apply.六、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換17．【解答】答案：exploration.形容詞性物主代詞his后應(yīng)用名詞，這里特指他的探索，故填：exploration。18．【解答】答案：wise；wisely.例如：Learnedmenarenotnecessarilywise.博學(xué)者未必都是聰明的。They'veinvestedtheirwisely.他們明智地把錢做了投資。故填：wise；wisely.19．【解答】答案是responsibility；responsible；responsibilityn，職責(zé)on）responsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任．妻子仍然對(duì)孩子承擔(dān)大部分責(zé)任adj；beresponsiblefor對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)的？誰(shuí)應(yīng)該對(duì)這種混亂負(fù)責(zé)？20．【解答】句意：我們不能忽視他們的建議。根據(jù)句意和所給單詞可知橫線處使用動(dòng)詞ignore意為"忽視"。故填：ignore。21．【解答】分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處需用intelligent"聰明的"副詞形式intelligently。故填：intelligently。22．【解答】句意：他們是非常要好的朋友，卻沒(méi)有任何曖昧關(guān)系；戀愛(ài)"故填：involvement。23．【解答】"forfree"為固定搭配，意為"免費(fèi)"。故填：free。24．【解答】答案：intelligence.介詞后接名詞作賓語(yǔ)；intelligence是不可數(shù)名詞。25．【解答】ign