2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時檢測十九Unit5WorkingtheLandPeriod3含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGE十九Unit5Period3Ⅰ.閱讀理解Imagineaplacewherepeopleandanimalsminglecomfortably,andwhereyouandyourfamilycanenjoyfarmanimalsattheirbest—inaclean,naturalandrelaxedatmosphere.SuchaplaceistheFriendlyFarm.Wanderthegrounds,haveapicnic,andlearnsomethingnew.Mostofouranimalswillbemorethanhappytoeatrightoutofyourhand.You’llfindtheFriendlyFarmhassomethingtooffertokids—ofALLages!OurgiftshophasbeenrebuiltafterafirewehadinOctoberof2005.Fortunately,noanimalswereharmed.Comeinandseethenewitemswehaveinstoreforyou!ActivityRoomWeareintheprocessofbuildingachildren’sactivityroom.Tobeopenedlaterthisseason,itwillfeatureinteractiveactivitiesbetweenanimalsandchildrenandalsoachanceforchildrentoposttheirfavoriteartworkaboutanimals—bothonthewallsandonline.BecomeaJuniorFarmerandReceive※FreeT-Shirt!—It’syourtickettoadmissionhereontheFriendlyFarm.※FreeAdmission.—OnceyoubecomeaJuniorFarmeryoucancomeasoftenasyouliketovisitus.※FreeBagofFeedEveryTimeYouVisit.Inadditiontotheaboveitems,you’llreceivea10%discountoffanypurchasesinourgiftshop.Price:YoucanorderourspecialDiscountAdmissionCardonline.Receive15admissionsforjust$82.50.TimeWe’reopendailyfrom10:00amto5:00pm(weatherpermitting)fromlateMayuntilLaborDay,thenweekendsthroughmid-September.【語篇概述】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了參觀FriendlyFarm的相關(guān)信息。1.WhatarechildrenadvisedtodoontheFriendlyFarm?A.Organizeapartywithfamily.B.CleantheFriendlyFarm.C.Buyfoodinthegiftshop.D.Feedanimalsiftheylike.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中其次段Mostofouranimalswillbemorethanhappytoeatrightoutofyourhand.可知孩子們可以給動物喂食。本題易誤選A項。緣由是對文中其次段Wanderthegrounds,haveapicnic,andlearnsomethingnew.的誤會,依據(jù)該句可知孩子可以與家人在theFriendlyFarm進(jìn)行野餐,而不是舉辦家庭聚會。2.WhatisthespecialfeatureofActivityRoom?A.Beingopenalltheyear. B.Givingoutfreefood.C.Teachingkidstopaint. D.Gettingclosetoanimals.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞specialfeatureofActivityRoom定位第四段。依據(jù)文中第四段itwillfeatureinteractiveactivitiesbetweenanimalsandchildren可知,ActivityRoom的特色在于供應(yīng)孩子與動物之間的互動活動,故選D項。3.AsaJuniorFarmer,he/she_______.

A.canvisitthefarmforfreeB.shouldorderticketsonlineC.shouldbegoodatmakingartworkD.needstobuyaT-shirtaboutanimals【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞aJuniorFarmer定位BecomeaJuniorFarmerandReceive部分。依據(jù)文中※FreeAdmission.—OnceyoubecomeaJuniorFarmeryoucancomeasoftenasyouliketovisitus.可知,JuniorFarmer具有免費進(jìn)入的特權(quán)。干擾項解除:JuniorFarmer可以隨時進(jìn)入,無需購票,故B項不正確;文中第四段提到孩子可以把自己最喜愛的圖片貼到墻上,而不是要求JuniorFarmer必需擅長制作圖片,故解除C項;作為JuniorFarmer,可以免費得到T恤衫,故D項不正確。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·棗莊高二檢測)Nowadayspeopletendtodigitaliseeverythingfromwatchestofridges.Itseemsyoucanchooseanyitemlabeledas“smart”.1However,thereareplentythatcanbeusedtoreduceemissionsandsavemoney.

Ifyou’reapartofthedigitalisationmovement,youmightbeinterestedintheconceptofsmarthomes.Itmeansthateveryelementofyourhousecanbecontrolledfromapanelonthewalloryourphone.2Useyourmobiletopowerthemonoroff,andyoumayfeeltrulymodernortrulylazy.Asidefromthebenefitsoflivingamorecomfortablelife,thispresentsanopportunitytocutdownonyourelectricalbills.

Electricitygenerationtodayrepresents31%oftotalglobalfossilfueluseandaround40%ofallenergy-relatedCO2emissions.3Itisconsideredasthefirststeptopreventglobalclimatechange.Connectasmartthermometertotheheatingandcoolingsystemandsetaspecifictemperatureatwhichtheheatingbeginstowork.Doingso,theroomwillbeatadesiredtemperaturewhennecessaryandswitchesonapower-savingmodewhennotoccupied.Similarly,byinstallingaCO2sensor,youcanhaveanautomatedventilation(通風(fēng))system.4

Ina150,000m2officecomplexnearMunich,calledCampeon,energycostsofupto117,067Euroweresavedaftertheuseofenvironmentalcontroldevicesthisyear.Inthisway,theyarecontributingtoalargedecreaseinCO2emissions.Clearly,smarthomesareaboutmuchmorethanjustlivingacomfortablelife.5

A.Itisactuallyaboutlivingagreenlife.B.Smartdeviceshavebeeninstalledworldwidenowadays.C.ItstartsworkingonlywhenCO2concentrationsreachacertainlimit.D.Thereseemtobeanoceanofsuchso-called“smart”inventions.E.Bearingthisinmind,measuresshouldbetakentomakebuildingsmoreenergy-efficient.F.Alternativeenergymustbediscoveredbeforethefossilfuelrunsoutinthefuture.G.Thisincludesbasicssuchasheatingandlightingandmanyotherappliances.【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文。如今,雖然人們傾向于選擇“智能”商品,但是有很多方法可以用來削減排放和節(jié)約資金。1.【解析】選D。依據(jù)上文的“Itseemsyoucanchooseanyitemlabeledas’smart’”可知,D項“Thereseemtobeanoceanofsuchso-called’smart’inventions.(這種所謂的’智能’獨創(chuàng)好像有很多)”可承接上文。其中“smart”為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。2.【解析】選G。依據(jù)上文提到的“這意味著你的房子的每一個元素都可以通過墻上的面板或手機(jī)來限制”可知,G項“這包括基本的供暖、照明和很多其他電器”可承接上文。該項中的This與上文中的everyelement相吻合。3.【解析】選E。下文提示“它被認(rèn)為是預(yù)防全球氣候變更的第一步。”承接下文,E項“考慮到這一點,應(yīng)當(dāng)實行措施使建筑物更節(jié)能”符合語境。該項中的measuresshouldbetaken與下文的thefirststep相吻合。4.【解析】選C。上文提到“同樣,通過安裝二氧化碳傳感器,你可以擁有一個自動通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)”。C項“只有當(dāng)二氧化碳濃度達(dá)到肯定限度時,它才起先工作”可承接上文。其中CO2為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。5.【解析】選A。依據(jù)上文提到的“明顯,智能家居不僅僅是關(guān)于舒適生活的”可知,A項“事實上它是關(guān)于綠色生活的”可承接上文。Ⅲ.完形填空Farmsarethebiggestusersoffreshwaterresources.TheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationsaysagricultureusesseventypercentofallsurfacewatersupplies.Thatistheworld1.Withouttherightmeasures,agriculturecanbeamajorcauseofwaterpollution.

Butsolutionsdonothaveto2much.Therearesimplemethodsforfarmsofanysizetoreduceor3pollutionofwatersupplies.Wearegoingtotalkaboutafewofthem.

Thefirst4fertilizersandpoisons.Onewaysuchchemicalscanentertheenvironmentiswhentheyarenotstoredcorrectly.Storedchemicalscanslowly5thesoilandgetintogroundwater.Tohelpavoidsuchproblems,chemicalsshouldbekeptinstructureswithafloormadeofcement(水泥).

Farmanimalscanalsopollutewatersupplies.Animalslikecattle,pigs,sheepandgoatsareoftenleftto6ongrassinopenfieldsbystreamsorrivers.Largeanimalsloosendirtandrocksastheywalkalongwaterwaystodrink.Animal7alsoenterswatersupplies.Expertssayitisimportanttokeeplargefarmanimalsawayfromwatersupplieswiththeuseofafenceor8.

Insteadofleadinganimalstowater,bringthewatertothem.Farmerscansendwaterthroughpipestowateringareasfortheiranimalswithpumps9byelectricityorfuel.Human-poweredtreadlepumpsareanothersolution.

Trees,bushesandsmallerplantscanactas10barriersalongstreamsandrivers.Bushesprovideexcellentgroundcover11grownnearwaterways.Animals12busheswithsharpthorns(尖刺).

Treerootsprovidenaturalsupportforsoil.Treesplantednearwaterwayshelpstopsoillossfromheavyrains.They13helpkeepthesunfromdryingoutsoil.Theyholdsoilinplaceduringrainsand14thewaterflow.Thesemethodswillnotsolveallwaterqualityproblems,15theyaregoodfirststeps.

【語篇概述】本文為說明文。全文講解并描述了如何降低農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)對水資源的污染。1.A.levelB.storageC.average D.problem【解析】選C。由上文中的“usesseventypercentofallsurfacewatersupplies”可知,這里指農(nóng)業(yè)運用的水源達(dá)到地表水源的70%,這是一個世界平均值。2.A.reduce B.take C.matter D.cost【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文中的“Therearesimplemethods”可知,這里指解決農(nóng)業(yè)引起水污染的問題不必花費很多。3.A.consider B.create C.prevent D.rescue【解析】選C。由空前的or“或者”可知,所選詞應(yīng)與空前的“reduce”表達(dá)相近詞義,應(yīng)選C項,即防止水污染。4.A.dealswith B.takesoverC.paysfor D.adaptsto【解析】選A。結(jié)合下文可知,第一個方法與肥料和毒藥有關(guān)。dealwith“涉及;關(guān)于”。5.A.goup B.stretchin C.makefor D.leakinto【解析】選D。貯存的化學(xué)制品會漸漸滲入土壤并進(jìn)入地下水。leakinto“滲入”,符合語境。6.A.feed B.go C.endanger D.keep【解析】選A。這里用動詞feed表示“進(jìn)食”,牛、豬、羊等動物在沿著溪水和河流的開闊的草地上覓食。7.A.fat B.waste C.food D.medicine【解析】選B。動物的糞便也會進(jìn)入水源。依據(jù)語境和常識可知選B。8.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything【解析】選C。orsomething“諸如此類的東西”。9.A.attracted B.used C.made D.powered【解析】選D。power此處為動詞,意為“驅(qū)動;推動”,這里指用電力或燃料驅(qū)動泵運轉(zhuǎn)。10.A.well-equipped B.responsibleC.strong D.natural【解析】選D。這里指這些植物是沿著溪水和河流的自然屏障,A、B、C三項與語境不符。11.A.when B.unless C.incase D.until【解析】選A。此處為when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的省略,當(dāng)灌木叢被種植在水路旁邊的時候,它們就供應(yīng)了很好的地面植被。12.A.choose B.protect C.enjoy D.avoid【解析】選D。依據(jù)語境可知,此處為動物避開有尖刺的灌木叢。故選D。13.A.easily B.hardly C.also D.either【解析】選C。這里是說種植在水路旁邊的樹木的另一個作用,選also表示“也”。14.A.destroy B.ease C.speedup D.stop【解析】選B。這些樹在下雨期間防止土壤流失,使水流變緩。ease“減輕;緩解”,符合語境。15.A.though B.but C.so D.therefore【解析】選B。語境表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,這些方法不會解決全部的水質(zhì)問題,但是這些方法是很好的第一步。Ⅳ.語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oncetherelivedarichman,1.wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.Butfirsthewantedtofindoutwhethertheydeserved2.(he)help.Inthecenterofthemainroadintothetown,heplaced3.verylargestone.Thenhe4.(hide)behindatreeandwaited.Soonanoldmancamealongwithhiscow.“Whoputthisstoneinthecenteroftheroad?”saidtheoldman.Buthedidnottry5.(remove)thestone.Instead,withsomedifficultyhepassedaroundthestoneandcontinuedonhisway.Anothermancamealonganddidthesamething;thenanothercame,andanother.Allofthemcomplainedaboutthestonebutnonetriedtoremoveit.Lateintheafternoonayoungmancamealong.Hesawthestone,6.(say)tohimself,“Thenightwillbeverydark.Someneighborswillcomealong7.(late)inthedarkandwillfallagainstthestone.”Thenhebegantomovethestone.Hepushedandpulledwithallhis8.(strong)tomoveit.9.(surprise),hefoundabagofmoney10.thestone.【語篇概述】一位富人想要為自己鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的人做點兒事情,但他想先知道他們值不值得幫助。所以,他在路中心放了一塊巨石。1.【解析】who。所填詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,并在從句中作主語,先行詞指人,故用who。2.【解析】his。所填詞作定語,修飾名詞help,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。3.【解析】a。泛指“一塊大石頭”,故用不定冠詞,又因very的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭,故用a。4.【解析】hid。and連接并列謂語,由waited可知,事情發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時。5.【解析】toremove。此處表示“他并沒有試圖搬走那塊石頭”,trytodosth.“試圖做某事”,符合句意。trydoingsth.“嘗試做某事”。6.【解析】saying。he和say是主動關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。7.【解析】later。此處表示“稍后”,應(yīng)用later。8.【解析】strength。所填詞作賓語,前面有his修飾,應(yīng)用名詞形式。9.【解析】Surprised。此處表示“(他)感到很驚訝”,應(yīng)用surprised。形容詞在此作狀語。10.【解析】under。此處表示“在石頭下面”,故用under。完形填空It’scompletedarkness,throughdayandnight,whereIam.Inthesilenceofthecoolearth,I’m1.Myeyesshootforthstemsintothedirtaroundme.Aboveground,mygreenleavesgrowinthesunlight,producingsugars,whichwillbe2tonodesalongthosestems.Thenodesthengrownewpotatoesinthemaking,eachoneaperfect3ofme.Butcloningmyselfinthedarkisn’ttheonlywayIreproduce.

Iamthepotato.Don’tletoursharedname4you:Iamnorelationtothesweetpotato.She’scorrectlydescribedasarootvegetable;5,myediblepartisthestem.

Thousandsofyearsago,Iwas6edible,attimesevenpoisonous.Inthehandsofgenerationsoffarmers,I’vebeenatsafe-to-eatlevels.Today,I’ve7lifeoncontinentsoutsidemyhomesoilintheAmericas.Icanliveataheightof12,000feetinthedry,coldmountainsandatsealevelinthetropics.

Myappearanceisas8astheplacesIlive.Icanbewhite,yellow,red,purple,pink,orblue.Aroundtheworld,Icanbemadeintomany9offood,frompotatosaladstopotatochips.

YetIdidn’tbecomethefifthmost-abundant10acrosstheglobein2024.Iamatruestaple,highlystorable,surprisinglynutritious.11reliedonmethroughhardtimes,sometimestoo12.Adiseaseattackedmeinthemid-1800sinWesternEuropeandnearlymadeIrelandcollapse13,whereaboutonemillionpeopledied.

Morerecently,I’vebeenrecognisedbyNASAasafoodmadefor14onmissions.Today,scientistsonEartharedevelopingvarietiesofmeto15people’sneeds.DareIsay,that’sprogressinthesilentdarkness.

【語篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文。以第一人稱的口吻敘述了馬鈴薯的繁殖和發(fā)展過程等相關(guān)事項。1.A.sleepingB.reproducingC.exchanging D.changing【解析】選B。依據(jù)下文的“theonlywayIreproduce”可知,此處表示“在涼快大地的寧靜中,我在繁殖”。sleep睡覺;reproduce繁殖;exchange交換;change變更。依據(jù)語境應(yīng)選B項。2.A.suppliedB.liftedC.limitedD.shipped【解析】選A。依據(jù)上文的“producingsugars”以及下文的“alongthosestems”可知,此處指的是順著那些莖供應(yīng)應(yīng)節(jié)點糖分。supply意為“供應(yīng)”,符合語境,故選A項。誤會分析:該題易誤選D項,ship意為“運輸”,指用船或其他的交通工具運輸,而此處沒有交通工具,故該選項不正確。3.A.pair B.clone C.sister D.friend【解析】選B。依據(jù)下文的“Butcloningmyself”可知,此處指的是“新的馬鈴薯正在形成,每一個都是我的完備克隆體。”clone意為“克隆”,符合語境。故選B項。4.A.surprise B.frighten C.improve D.fool【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文的“Iamnorelationtothesweetpotato.”(我與紅薯沒有關(guān)系)可知,此處表示“別讓我們的同名欺瞞了你”。surprise使驚異;frighten使膽怯 ;improve提高,改善;fool欺瞞。依據(jù)語境應(yīng)選D項。5.A.instead B.therefore C.however D.otherwise【解析】選C。依據(jù)上文的“arootvegetable”和下文的“myediblepartisthestem”可知,前后內(nèi)容為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。however意為“可是,然而”,符合語境,故選C項。誤會分析:該題易誤選A項。instead雖然也表示轉(zhuǎn)折,但更側(cè)重于“取而代之”,意為“相反地”,所以不適合用于此處。6.A.mainly B.just C.simply D.hardly【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文的“attimesevenpoisonous”可知,數(shù)千年前,馬鈴薯幾乎是不行食用的,有時甚至有毒。hardly意為“幾乎不”,符合語境,故選D項。7.A.caredfor B.agreedwithC.adaptedto D.dependedon【解析】選C。依據(jù)下文可知,此處表示“如今,我適應(yīng)了美洲本土以外的大陸的生活。我可以生長在12000英尺高的干燥、寒冷的山區(qū)以及剛到海平面的熱帶地區(qū)”。adaptto意為“適應(yīng)”,符合語境,故選C項。干擾項解除:carefor意為“照料”;agreewith意為“同意”;dependon意為“依靠;依靠”。8.A.important B.colorful C.common D.various【解析】選D。依據(jù)上文可知,馬鈴薯的種植地區(qū)是多種多樣的。various意為“各種各樣的”,符合語境,故選D項。干擾項解除:important意為“重要的”,上文沒有體現(xiàn)出馬鈴薯的生長地重要,所以解除;colorful意為“豐富多彩的”