人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 3 導(dǎo)學(xué)案

Unit3I"mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.

1.bothadj./pron.兩個(gè)，兩個(gè)都

（l）both+n復(fù)數(shù)=bothof+the+n復(fù)數(shù)，指兩個(gè)都…，后面加動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)

注：both可以直接放在主語(yǔ)之后如bothofthem=theyboth,此外both位于be

動(dòng)詞之后，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前

E.g.Bothstudentsloveplayingsoccer.=Bothofthestudentsloveplayingsoccer.

=Thestudentsbothloveplayingsoccer.

=Notonlythatstudentbutalsothisstudentlovesplayingsoccer.

【典型例題】

1）—Whichofthehatswillyoutake?

一Illtake,oneformyfather,theotherformymother.

A.noneB.bothC.allD.either

2）Taraandhersisterquietandtheysports.

A.bothare,likebothB.areboth,likeboth

C.bothare,bothlikeD.areboth,bothlike

3）Bothofthemlikesports.（同義句）

____________________likesports.

（2）bothAandB..A和B者R...

否定：neitherAnorB..（動(dòng)詞就近）

同義：notonlyAbutalsoB（動(dòng)詞就近）

E.g.Bothheandhisfatherhavemadeabigmistake.

=Notonlyhebutalsohisfatherhasmadeabigmistake.

否定：Neitherhenorhisfatherhasmadeabigmistake.

【典型例題】

Johnenjoysswimming.Peterenjoysswimming,too.（變同義句）

JohnPeterswimming.

2.betteradj.&adv更好的

better是good/well的比較級(jí)，可用far,much但不可用more,very修飾。

注意：bebetterat=dobetterin..更擅長(zhǎng)于。。

E.g.Everybodyelsecoulddobetterthanyou.

【典型例題】

Cindyplaysthepiano,butIplayitthanhim.

A.good;wellB.well;goodC.good;betterD.well;

better

3.比較級(jí)

（1）形容詞、副詞原級(jí)用法

1）表示二者在性質(zhì)和程度上相同時(shí)，用“as+adj./adv.原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。

a.Herunsasfastasyou.他跑的和你一樣快。

2）表示A“不如用A+“notas/so+adj./adv.原級(jí)+as"+B或A+66less+

adj./adv.原級(jí)+than”+B結(jié)構(gòu)。

a.Thispictureisnotsogoodasthatone.

b.Hedoesn'twriteascarefullyashissister.

c.Heisnotastallasme.二Heisshorterthanme.=1amtallerthanhim.

d.EnglishisnotsoimportantasChinese.二Englishislessimportantthan

Chinese.

二ChineseismoreimportantthanEnglish.

3）“甲+be+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+乙”表示“甲是乙的幾倍”

TomisthreetimesasoldasKate.

（2）形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)用法

1）比較級(jí)用于兩者進(jìn)行比較，結(jié)構(gòu)為“A+比較級(jí)thanB”。

2）表示兩者之間選擇，用“which/whois比較級(jí)，AorB?

3）“越來(lái)越……”用"比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞用

“moreandmore原級(jí)

4）表示“越……越……”時(shí)，用“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。

5）“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級(jí)+ofthetwo+......”表示"甲是兩者中較....的”。

6）可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞：much,alot,far,alittle,abit,even,still

7)同類事物比較單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞用that代替，復(fù)數(shù)用those代替

【典型例題】

(1).TheweatherthisBeijingis(bad)thanthatinChongqing.

(2).IthinkChinesepeopleare(friendly)thanJapanese.

(3).Mydressislongerthan(she).

(4).MysisterspeaksEnglishas(good)asme.

(5)Englishisn'taseasyashistory.(改為同義句)

Englishishistory.

(6)一Lefsgoshoppingatthenewmall(商場(chǎng)).

-Whynotshoponline?It's.

A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.lesscheaperD.less

expensive

(7)TheweatherinChangshaismuch___thaninShanghai.

A.hot,itB.hotter,weatherC.hot,thatD.hotter,that

4.hard-working/workhard/hardwork

(1)hard-working(adj.)意為“工作努力的“一morehard-working-most

hard-working

Susaniscleverandhard-working.

(2)workhard是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為“努力工作或?qū)W習(xí)“，work是動(dòng)詞，hard是副詞。

Iworkhardthisterm.

⑶hardwork是名詞短語(yǔ)，意為“艱苦的工作“，work是名詞，hard是形容詞。

Noonecanbesuccessfulwithouthardwork.

【典型例題】

(1)Thisisandwemustonit.

A.hardwork;workhardB.ahardwork;workhard

C.hardwork;hardworkD.workhard;hardwork

(2)Tomisaperson.Hethinksnoonecanbesuccessfulwithout

A.hard-working;hardworkB.hard-working;workhard

C.working-hard;hardworkD.working-hard;workhard

(3)Lucyismorehard-workingthanlily.(同義句)

LucyworksLily.

5.Which

⑴which用于指人或物，表示一定的范圍內(nèi)的“哪一個(gè),，

whichbookisyours,thewhiteoneortheblackone?

(2)Which引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句

Idon'tknowwhichwayIshouldgo.

Idon'tknowwhichwaytogo.

【典型例題】

(l)Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.(對(duì)戈ll線部分提問(wèn))

girlissister?

6.Wm-won-winner(ii.)

(1)Winsth/thefirstprize/thegame

(2)Beatsb/ClassOne/him

【典型例題】

-Whothesingingcompetition?

一IheardJoeJillinthecompetition.

A.won;wonB.beat;wonC.won;beatD.beat;beat

7.Though

(1)做連詞，表雖然，盡管，相當(dāng)于although的用法

Hestillkeepsclimbingmountains,thoughitisverydangerous.

(2)做副詞，表然而，常用于句末

Larryismuchlesshard-working,though.

【典型例題】

theyareverytired,theyfeelhappybecausethey'vefinallyfinishedtheir

project.

A.SoB.thoughC.IfD.But

8.talented-moretalented-mosttalented

(1)talent(n.天賦)haveatalentfor有…的天賦

(2)betalentedin(doing)sth在...方面有天賦

Sheistalentedinplayingthepiano.

【典型例題】

(1)Thegirlistalentedswimming.

A.atB.inC.withD.on

(2)Youarevery(talent)inspeakingEnglish.

9.care

(1)careabout,意為“關(guān)心，在意”

Hecaresaboutthesafetyofhisworkers.

(2)carefor=takecareof=lookafter,意為“照顧，照看”

Mymumisanurse.Shetakescareofthesickpeopleeveryday.

⑶care的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換---careful(adj.)—carefully(adv.)

Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.

Themorecarefullyyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.

【典型例題】

(1)IknowMarymebecauseshealwayshelpsmewithmyhomework.

A.careforB.careabout

C.takecareofD.takecar

(2)Iwanttolearnmoreabouthowanimals.

A.careforB.tocarefor

C.caresforD.caredfor

lO.loudly—moreloudly--mostloudly

(1)loud(adj.)speakinaloud/lowvoice

Loud(adv.)Speaklouder,please.

(2)aloud(adv.)“大聲地”

Readaloudinthemorning.

(3)loudly(adv.)“喧鬧地”

Don'ttalkloudlyinpublic.

【典型例題】

(1)Thebabyissleeping.Pleasespeak.

A.loudlyB.quietlyC.clearlyD.politely

(2)TheyweretalkingthereandSusanwasnothappy.

A.loudB.loudlyC.aloudD.aloudly

ll.laugh

(1)laughatsb嘲笑某人

Don'tlaughatothers.

⑵Smileatsb向某人微笑

Thereisabigsmileonherface.

【典型例題】

Don'tthepeoplewhoareintrouble.

A.laughB.laughatC.laughforD.smileat

12.serious

(1)seriousadj.嚴(yán)肅的；穩(wěn)重的aseriousproblem一個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的問(wèn)題

beseriousabout對(duì)…嚴(yán)肅

(2)seriouslyadv.嚴(yán)肅地takesthseriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事

beseriouslyill病得嚴(yán)重

【典型例題】

(1)Mr.Wangisverys.Heneversmilesatus.

(2)MostkidsaremostserousthanJeff.(同義句)

Jeffisthanmostkids.

13.aslongas

⑴與...一樣長(zhǎng)e.g.Thisroadisaslongasthatone.

(2)只要e.g.Wewillplaysocceraslongasitdoesn'train.

【典型例題】

(1)Youmayusemyroomyoukeepitclean.

A.aswellasB.assoonasC.aslongasD.asfaras

(2)只要你及時(shí)回來(lái)，你就可以出去。(翻譯)

14.necessary

(1)adj.有必要的反義：unnecessary

Ifs+necessary+forsbtodosth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是必要的

It^+adj.+forsbtodosth對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是.…

常用的adj.有easy,hard,different,important,possible...

It's+adj.+ofsbtodosth某人做某事是…

常用的adj.有kind/good/nice/clever等表示人品行

【典型例題】

(l)Ifsnecessaryus(learn)howtobehavewellatthedinner

table.

(2)isquiteeasymetofinishthejobtoday.

A.It；ofB.That；ofC.It；forD.That；for

15.differentadj.不同的

bedifferentfrom與...不同e.g.Asheepisdifferentfromagoat

thesameas...與...相同e.g.Ihavethesamebookasyou.

besimilarto與…相似e.g.Mynewhairissimilartoyours.

differencen.不同，差異makeadifferencetosb對(duì)某人產(chǎn)生影響

differentlyadv.不同地

【典型例題】

(l)Mymothersaysmyfriendissimilarme,butIthinksheisdifferent

me.

A.as；fromB.to;fromC.to;toD.as;to

(2)Theymaydescribethesameperson(different).

16.graden.成績(jī)/年級(jí)

getgoodgrades取得好成績(jī)

ClassTwo,GradesEight八年級(jí)二班

【典型例題】

(1)杰克在英語(yǔ)上取得了好成績(jī)。(翻譯)

(2)Helenstudiedhardlasttermandshegotexcellentinherexams.

A.giftsB.gradesC.rulesD.messages

17.Shouldv.應(yīng)該+動(dòng)詞原形=besupposedto

e.g.Weshouldstudyhard.

否定句：Weshouldn'tstudyhard.

一般疑問(wèn)句：Shouldyoustudyhard?

回答：Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn't.

提問(wèn)：Whatshouldyoudo?

【典型例題】

(1)1shouldgonow.

Inow.(變成肯定句)

younow?(變成一般疑問(wèn)句)

Yes,./No,.

gonow.(對(duì)go提問(wèn))

Igonow?(同義句)

18.reach

(4)reach“伸手”

reachforsth伸手取某物

reachforyourhand伸手幫你一把

(5)reach“夠得著”

Canyoureachthebookontheshelf?

(6)reach“到達(dá)”

reachsp.=arrivein/atsp尸gettosp.

【典型例題】

(2)Heistallenoughtothebookonthetopoftheshelf.(夠得著)

(3)hiscarbrokedownontheway.However,hethereontimewiththe

helpofapoliceman.倒達(dá))

18.hand

(3)hand"手”

eatwithhands用手吃

shakehandswithsb和某人握手

ontheonehand，ontheotherhand一方面...另一方面

(4)hand”傳遞,分發(fā)“(handout)

handin上交

【典型例題】

(l)Toeatsteak,youneedtoholdaknifeinhand,andaforkin

____________________.(一只…另一只)

(2)Ifsgoodmannerstoeat(用)yourrighthandwheneatinginIndia.

19.touch(v?感動(dòng)；觸摸)…touching(adj.令人感動(dòng)的)…touched(adj.感動(dòng)的)

Don'ttouchtheanimalinthezoo.

Hissadstorytouchedourhearts.

【典型例題】

(1)-LiDong,doyouknowZhangJiqing?

——Yes.Hedonated(捐贈(zèng))moneytobuildoldpeople'shomesandschoolsforso

manyyears.Hisstoryme.

A.savedB.missedC.touchedD.worried

20.heart

(3)putone'sheartinto全心全意投入

Aslongasweputourheartintoourstudy,wewillmakegreatprogress.

(4)learnsthbyheart記?。槐痴b

Readingthenewwordsaloudisagoodwaytolearnthembyheart.

15.fact

infac仁actually事實(shí)上

【典型例題】

(2)Daviddidn'tgotothemeeting.,hedidn'tknowthetimeofthemeeting

atall.

A.AtleastB.InfactC.IntheendD.

Allinall

21.break-broke

(4)break“破;裂；碎；損壞”

breakthewindows打破窗戶

breakone'sarm/one'sleg摔壞手臂、腿

breaktherules打破規(guī)則

(5)breakdown(機(jī)器)出故障

Mycarbrokedownlastnight,soIhadtowalktowork.

(6)breakinto闖入

(7)break“休息”

have/takeabreak

(8)broken“破損的”

Becareful,theglassisbroken.

Lisacan'tcometoschooltodaybecauseofherbrokenarm.

【典型例題】

(1).-Iseveryoneheretoday?

—No.Markhisleginthebasketballgameyesterday.

A.breakB.breaksC.tobreakD.broke

17.sharev.分擔(dān)，分享，共用，分?jǐn)?/p>

Wedon'thaveenoughbookssowehavetoshare.

（1）Sharesthwithsb與某人共同使用；與某人分享

Ishareanofficewithsoemotherteachers.

1）agoodfriendissomeoneyoucanyoupleasureandpainwith.

A.breakB.touchC.reachD.share

2）和我們分享他的故事（翻譯）

22.辨析aloud/loud/loudly

單詞詞性用法

alouadv“出聲地，大聲地”，常與read連用，無(wú)比較級(jí)和

d最高級(jí)

loudadj“喧鬧的，大聲的"，inaloudvoice大聲地

adv“大聲地,IWJ聲地”,常與speak,laugh,talk等連

用，比較級(jí)為louder

loudladv“大聲地”暗含嘈雜、喧鬧的意思，比較級(jí)為more

yloudly

loud;aloud;loudly

1）、Heshutthedoorwithaslam.

2）、JohnplayedCDstoo,whichmadehissisterangry.

3）、Wouldyoureadthepoem?

4）、Theyoungwomaninsistedonherright.

5)、Speak,Ican'thearyou.

6)、You