初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-數(shù)詞課件

數(shù)詞定義：表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞叫做數(shù)詞.數(shù)詞有兩種：表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫做基數(shù)詞,如：one,two,three...,ninety-four等；表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫做序數(shù)詞,如：first,second,third...,fifteenth等.例句Therearefivepeopleinmyfamily.我家有五口人.Weliveonthesixthfloorinatallbuilding.我們住在一座高樓的第六層.基數(shù)詞一基數(shù)詞的表示方法1．基數(shù)詞1～12是獨(dú)立的詞.1one

2two3three

4four5five

6six7seven

8eight9nine

10ten11eleven

12twelve213～19都以teen結(jié)尾,都是雙重音：13thirteen

14fourteen15fifteen

16sixteen17seventeen

18eighteen19nineteen2．基數(shù)詞20～90整十位數(shù)都是以ty結(jié)尾.20twenty/'twentI/30thirty/'θ??tI/40forty/'f??tI/50fifty/'fIftI/60sixty/'sIkstI/70seventy/'sevntI/80eighty/'eItI/90ninety/'naIntI/注：13～19的teen/'ti?n/都是重讀音,而20～90的ty/tI/都是非重讀音節(jié)；/'ti?n/為長(zhǎng)音,而/tI/為短音.3．基數(shù)詞21～99都是由幾十和幾合起來(lái)構(gòu)成,詞中間加連字符但音標(biāo)里不加連字符,并分別重讀.21twenty-one45forty-five23twenty-three56fifty-six34thirty-four67sixty-seven

4．基數(shù)詞101～999,先說(shuō)幾百,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù).—Howmanydaysarethereinayear一年有多少天—_________________________.三百六十五天.Threehundredandsixty-five5．1,000以上的數(shù),先從后向前數(shù),每三位加,,第一個(gè),前為thousand,第二個(gè),前為million,第三個(gè),前為billion美式或thousandmillion英式.—Canyouwritethenumber_________________________________________你會(huì)寫數(shù)字85,626嗎—Yes,itis85,626.會(huì)寫,它是85,626.eighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six6．百hundred,千thousand,百萬(wàn)million等詞與數(shù)字或an連用時(shí),詞尾不可加s.Thecomputerwascheap.______________________________________那臺(tái)電腦很便宜,我只花了兩千元.Ionlyspenttwothousandyuanonit.7．百hundred,千thousand,百萬(wàn)million等詞與介詞of連用時(shí),須用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示不確定數(shù)目,其前不可與數(shù)字連用.—HowmanypeoplewenttoBeijingfortheOlympicGamesin2008有多少人去北京看2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)—_______________,Ithink.上百萬(wàn),我認(rèn)為.Millionsof8．表示幾十的數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用來(lái)表示人的歲數(shù),Sheis________________butshelooksyoung.她五十多歲,但她看上去很年輕.inherfifties

在表示幾十年代時(shí),可以用基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,也可用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加s或's.From_________________to___________________,picture-storycartoonswereverypopular.從20世紀(jì)50年代到20世紀(jì)70年代,圖畫故事的卡通片是很受歡迎的.the1950's1950sthe1970's1970s9．基數(shù)詞可與其他詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞.Kateisan__________________girl.凱特是個(gè)18歲的女孩.注：這種合成形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)為：數(shù)詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋形容詞.復(fù)合形容詞中,詞與詞之間要加連字符-.eighteen-year-old10．基數(shù)詞可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ).Givehimthree.賓語(yǔ)

給他三個(gè).___________oftheteachersinourschoolarewomenteachers.主語(yǔ)我們學(xué)校三分之二的老師是女老師.Twothirds11．號(hào)碼的讀法為順次讀出一個(gè)個(gè)數(shù)字,0讀作o或zero.數(shù)字連續(xù)重現(xiàn)時(shí)可用double雙.62884405讀作______________________________________或______________________________________.sixtwoeighteightfourfouro或zerofivesixtwodoubleeightdoublefouro或zerofive二序數(shù)詞表示順序的數(shù)詞稱為序數(shù)詞.序數(shù)詞一般以與之相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加詞尾th構(gòu)成；多個(gè)單詞時(shí),僅最后一個(gè)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞.序數(shù)詞前一般需加the.1.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣一、二、三特殊記,結(jié)尾要用t,d,d;八去t,九去e,ve要用f替,整十?dāng)?shù)變序數(shù),先把y變?yōu)閕e,然后再加th,若想表示幾十幾,只變個(gè)位就可以.2．序數(shù)詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ).Shewasthe_fifthintheexam.作表語(yǔ)The

first

ofJuneisChildren'sDay.主語(yǔ)3．表順序時(shí),基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞可互換,如：LessonFive＝____________________thefifthlesson三分?jǐn)?shù)1．分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)與讀法.Twothirdsofthestudentsaregirlsinourclass.在我們班,三分之二的學(xué)生是女孩.注：分子須用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞.分子如果大于1,分母須用復(fù)數(shù)形式.先讀分子,再讀分母.分子為one時(shí)可換用a.2．1/2讀作

aonehalf而不是asecond一秒鐘；1/4既可讀作

aonequarter,又可讀作

aonefourth.________________________________________arewritteninEnglish.世界上3/4的書和報(bào)紙是用英語(yǔ)寫的.Threequartersoftheworld'sbooksandnewspapers3．較復(fù)雜的分?jǐn)?shù)的讀法為基數(shù)詞分子＋over＋基數(shù)詞分母.帶分?jǐn)?shù)的讀法是在整數(shù)與分?jǐn)?shù)之間加讀and.twenty-sevenovertwohundredandeighty-fivefiveandahalfsixandfourfifths四其他數(shù)的表達(dá)1．小數(shù)的讀法：小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的基數(shù)詞與前面所講的基數(shù)詞讀法完全相同,小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作point,小數(shù)點(diǎn)后只需將數(shù)字一一讀出.15．67讀作________________________0．009讀作zeropointzerozeroninefifteenpointsixseven2．百分?jǐn)?shù)的讀法：先讀基數(shù)詞,再讀百分號(hào)%讀作percent.5%讀作fivepercent0．5%讀作_____________________200%讀作______________________zeropointfivepercenttwohundredpercent3．年代的讀法為兩位、兩位地讀.整百的后讀hundred,整千的后讀thousand,前常加theyear.1937讀作nineteenthirty-seven或：nineteenhundredandthirty-seven1900年讀作nineteenhundred1905年讀作nineteenand或ofive或：nineteenhundredandfive2000年讀作theyeartwothousand4．表示公元后在年份前或后加AD/

,eI'di?/皆可,公元前一律在年份后加BC/

,

bi?'ci?/.表幾十年代時(shí),前加the,后加's或s.from200BCto500AD/AD500從公元前200年到公元后500年inthe1960's或1960s讀作nineteensixties

二十世紀(jì)六十年代5．年、月、日的英語(yǔ)順序?yàn)樵?日,年.日用序數(shù)詞讀和寫有時(shí)也可用基數(shù)詞；日讀在月前時(shí)要加讀of.July7th,2005

2005年7月7日讀作：Julytheseventhtwothousandandfive或theseventhofJulytwothousandandfiveTodayisThursday,September19th.今天星期四,9月19日.7．一些數(shù)學(xué)公式的讀法：加用plus/and,減用minus,乘用times,除用dividedby,動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù),如：3＋5＝8讀作：9－2＝7讀作：6×5＝30讀作：8÷4＝2讀作：Threeplus/andfiveiseight.Nineminustwoisseven.Fivetimessixisthirty.Eightdividedbyfouristwo.1.Now,everybody,pleaseturntoPage________andlookatthe________picture.A．Fifth；five B．Five；fifth C．Fifth；fifth D．Five；five練一練2.—Doyouhaveenoughstudentstocleanthelaboratory—No,Ithinkweneed________students.A．a(chǎn)nother B．twoothers C．moretwo D．twomore3.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A．thousand B．thousands C．thousandofD．thousandsof4.Nowadays________ofbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.A．twothird