江蘇省南京市梅山高級中學(xué)2025年高三5月質(zhì)量監(jiān)測（最后一模）英語試題試卷含解析

江蘇省南京市梅山高級中學(xué)2025年高三5月質(zhì)量監(jiān)測（最后一模）英語試題試卷考生須知：1．全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫在“答題紙”相應(yīng)位置上。2．請用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號。3．保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Weallsighedwith________reliefwhen________planefinallylandedsafely.A．a(chǎn);/ B．/;theC．a(chǎn);a D．a(chǎn);the2．Intheforest,soundisthebestmeansofcommunicationoverdistance________incomparisonwithlight,itwon'tbeblockedbytreeswhentravelling.A．whileB．becauseC．whenD．though3．Mr.White,who________inShanghaiforsevenyears,isamanagerofacompanyinBeijing.A．wasworking B．workedC．hadworked D．hasworked4．Ann,ourdepartmentmaybenamedtheDepartmentoftheYearbecauseoftheoutstandingperformance._______.A．GoodtoknowB．I’llsayC．IhearyouonthatoneD．Can’targuewiththat5．Theordinarypeoplealllookattheintelligentmanwithadmirationbecauseundernocircumstances________tocopewithemergencies.A．hewillfailB．ishefailingC．heisfailingD．willhefail6．Noonebelieveshisreasonsforbeinglatethathewascaughtinatrafficjam,_______madehimembarrassed.A．it B．which C．that D．why7．Theyhaveleadingexpertsinthisfield，andthat's__________they'vemadeimportantprogress．A．where B．whyC．whether D．who8．“Drive-ins”havelargeparkinglots________customersareservedintheircarsbywaitresses.A．who B．when C．which D．where9．Marynearlymissedtheflightdoingtoomuchshopping.A．inneedof B．ontopofC．infrontof D．a(chǎn)saresultof10．Aheartylaughrelievesphysicaltension,_____yourmusclesrelaxedforoverhalfanhour.A．toleave B．left C．leaving D．leave11．InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,____the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.A．marking B．markedC．havingmarked D．beingmarked12．Heissuchanunselfishman.Youcannothelpbut________him.A．respectB．torespectC．neglectD．toneglect13．_______,thedancerspractisehardtomaketheirdreamscometrue. A．InsteadofbeingdisabledB．Beingdisabled C．DisabledastheyareD．Incaseofbeingdisabled14．Onlywhen_________hard__________makeyourdreamcometrue.A．doyouwork;youcan B．youwork;youcanC．doyouwork;canyou D．youwork;canyou15．Don’tleavethewater______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A．racingB．rushingC．runningD．rolling16．IwastellingajokeandSamjustinterruptedmetotelladifferentone.Healways_____!A．biteshistongueB．saveshisskinC．stealsmythunderD．pullsmyleg17．____thismaysoundlikeasimpleprocess,greatcareisneeded．A．Since B．Once C．Although D．Unless18．—Thenewmachineshavearrivedandarebeingtestedintheworkshop.—I’mgladwe_____themintheyearsahead.A．willbeoperatingB．havebeenoperatingC．wouldbeoperatingD．hadbeenoperating19．—Doyoufeellikegoingtothecinematonight?—Sorry,I’msotired．I____anearlynight．A．have B．a(chǎn)mhaving C．havehad D．had20．Thenewsecretaryisandthereforethemanagerissatisfiedwithherwork.A．effective B．efficient C．specific D．sufficient第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Mostofushavequitegoodmemories,butourmemoriesarelimited.Forexample,wecannotremembereveryonewehaveevermetorwhatwedidoneverysingledayofourlives.However,therearesomepeoplewhodohaveprodigiousmemories.Thesepeoplehavearareconditionknownassavantsyndrome（學(xué)者癥候群）.Savantssufferfromadevelopmentaldisorder,buttheyalsoexhibitgreattalentsthatcontrast（顯出差異）sharplywiththeirphysicalandmentaldisabilities.KimPeek(1951-2009)wasasavantwholivedinSaltLakeCity,Utah,intheUnitedStates.Hewasbornwithdamagetopartsofhisbrain,butitseemedthatotherpartsofhisbrain,particularlythoserelatingtomemory,becameover-developed.Peek’suniqueabilitiesappearedataveryearlyage.Whenhewasjust20monthsold,hecouldalreadyremembereverybookthatwasreadtohim.Peekcouldreadtwopagesofabookatthesametime-onepagewiththerighteyeandonewiththeleft-inlessthan10secondsandremembereverythingheread.Bythetimehedied,Peekhadmemorizedmorethan9,000books.Hecouldrememberallthenamesandnumbersinavarietyoftelephonebooks.Hecouldrememberthousandsoffactsabouthistory,literature,geographyandsports.Dr.DavidTreffert,anexpertonsavantsyndrome,oncedescribedPeekas“alivingGoogle”becauseofhisastonishingabilitytomemorizeandconnectfacts.However,atthesametime,Peekwasunabletocarryoutsimpletasks,suchasbrushinghishairorgettingdressed,andheneededotherstohelphim.In1989,themovieRainManwontheOscarforbestPicture.Themaincharacterinthemovie,playedbyDustinHoffman,wasbasedonKimPeek'slife.Hestartedtoappearontelevision,wherehewouldamazeaudiencesbycorrectlyansweringdifficultquestionsondifferenttopics.Peek-becameworldfamous,andheandhisfatherbegantouringwidelytotalkaboutovercomingdisabilities.Heinspiredagreatmanypeoplewithhiswords.“Recognizingandrespectingdifferencesinothers,andtreatingeveryoneinthewayyouwantthemtotreatyou,willmakeourworldabetterplaceforeveryone.Everyoneisdifferent.”1、Theunderlinedword“prodigious”inParagraph1probablymeans______.A．happy B．clear.C．a(chǎn)mazing D．short2、Accordingtothetext,Peek______.A．couldtakecareofhimselfB．wasbornwithagoodmemoryC．wasthestudentofDr.DavidTreffertD．becamebrain-damagedat20monthsold3、HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?A．Bygivingfacts. B．Byfollowingtimeorder.C．Byexplainingcauses. D．Bymakingcomparisons.4、Peek’swordssuggestthatweshould______.A．respectdifferentcultures B．listentodifferentopinionsC．treatdifferentpeopledifferently D．respectothers’differences22．（8分）Forcingwaitersandwaitressestosurviveontipsfromcustomersratherthannormalwagesisapointless,crude,anduniqueAmericancustomthat,inthepastseveralyears,ahandfulofprogressiverestaurantownershaveattemptedtodoawaywith.DannyMeyer,CEOofUnionSquareHospitalityGroup,isabouttojointheirranksandhasannouncedthatheplanstograduallystoptippingatthecompany’s13restaurants.What,exactly,iswrongwithtipping?AsBrianPalmerhasexplained,moreorlessit’severything.Tostart,leavingawaiter’spayinthehandsofcustomershasafeelingofclassism(階級歧視)．Andintheory,handingrestaurantcustomersthepowertotipisatleastsupposedtomotivatebetterservice.Thisfailsinpracticebecausehumansturnouttobeprettyarbitrary(隨意的)abouttheirtippingbehavior.Researchhasshownthattheamountdinerstiphasverylittletodowiththeirlevelofsatisfaction.Allofthisdoesn’tencouragewaitersandwaitressestodoanythingbutturnoverasmanytablesaspossible.Tippingisalsoveryunfairtokitchenstaff.Thelawallowsrestaurantstodividetipsbetweenfront-of-the-houseworkerslikewaiters,hosts,hostesses,andbartenders(調(diào)酒師),butnotcooks.Thiscreatesasysteminwhichthepeopleservingthefoodinarestaurantcanearnmorethanthepeoplepreparingit．OneofthemostfascinatingpartsofMeyer’smoveisthat,unlikesomerestaurantownerswhohavetakenananti-tippingstand,hewon’tsimplyaddastandardextrachargetodiners’bills.Rather,UnionSquareHospitalityGroupmeanstoraisemenupricesenoughtofullycoverthecostofameal.IfMeyermanagestomoveawayfromtippingatallwithouthurtinghisprofits,itwouldalmostcertainlysetthestageforotherstofollowsuit.1、What’sDannyMeyer’sattitudetowardsstoppingtipping?A．Negative.B．Supportive.C．Objective.D．Doubtful.2、WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A．Tippingmaydisturbtherestaurants’management.B．Tippingwillguaranteedinershighqualityservice.C．Tippingcanarousethestaff’senthusiasmforwork．D．Tippingwillbringcustomersasenseofsatisfaction.3、WhatcanweknowaboutUnionSquareHospitalitygroup?A．BrianPalmerisinchargeofitnow.B．Itscooksearnmuchmorethanitsservers.C．Restauranttippinghasbeentotallybannedthere.D．Dinerswillbechargedmoreforthedishesthere.4、Whatisthetopicofthepassage?A．Restaurants’gettingridoftipping.B．Difficultiesthatrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Thepopularityofno-tippingrestaurants.D．Tipsonrunningrestaurantssuccessfully.23．（8分）EvenlookingbackontherevolutionarychangestheInternethasbroughttoourlives,thefutureofitisstillbeyondimagination.ButwhatisclearismakingthebestuseoftheInternetwillbeofever-greaterimportancetopromotingeconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress.AlreadyChinesecompaniesthatareseizingtheopportunitiespresentedbytheInternetoccupyaplaceinglobalindustry.Theriseofe-commerce（電子商務(wù)）isparticularlynoticeableinChina,whereitiscommonforthemajorityofyoungpeopletodoshoppingonline,whichnotonlysavesthemtime,hutalsosavesthemmoney.Forthevastruralareas,wherethemajorityofpoverty-stricken（窮困的）peoplelive,thegrowingpopularityofInternettechnologywillhopefullyhelpliftpeopleoutofpoverty.TherehavebeenreportsabouthowsomeruralvillagersselltheiragriculturalproductsonlineandsomeusetheInternettogetintouchwiththeircustomers,whichmaymakeiteasierforthemtomakedecisions.Stilltheyonlyaccountfor28.6percentofthetotal618millioninternetusersnationwide.SomuchcanstillbedonetofurtherpopularizetheuseoftheInternetandpromotee-commerceinruralareas.Lookingfurtherahead,thedevelopmentoftheInternetcanstrengthentheconnectionamongdifferenteconomies.NoonecantellhowmuchpotentialthereistobeunlockedbytheeffectiveuseofInternettechnologytopromotethemanufacturingindustry（制造業(yè)）andtheserviceindustry.Andwithgovernment,itisnotjusttimeandcostbenefitsthatarethepotentialfruitsofInternettechnology,becausetheInternetwillalsohelppromotepolicy-makingandpublicservices.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph2referto?A．Chinesecompanies.B．Onlinestores.C．Onlineshoppers.D．Internetusers.2、Whatdoestheexampleofsomeruralvillagersshow?A．TheInternetisnotcommoninruralareas.B．RuralvillagershavelessaccesstotheInternet.C．RuralareashavedonelittletopopularizetheInternet.D．TheInternetdoescontributetoeconomicdevelopment.3、WhatbenefitcangovernmentgetfromtheuseoftheInternet?A．Promotedpolicy-making.B．Moredevelopedserviceindustry.C．Increasedmanufacturingindustry.D．Improvedconnectionamongeconomies.24．（8分）Exposinglivingtissuetosubfreezingtemperaturesforlongcancausepermanentdamage.Microscopicicecrystals(結(jié)晶體)cutcellsandseizemoisture(潮氣),makingdonororgansunsuitablefortransplantation.Thus,organscanbemadecoldforonlyafewhoursaheadofaprocedure.Butasetoflastingnewantifreezecompounds(化合物)—similartothosefoundinparticularlyhardy(耐寒的)animals—couldlengthenorgans’shelflife.ScientistsattheUniversityofWarwickinEnglandwereinspiredbyproteinsinsomespeciesofArcticfish,woodfrogsandotherorganismsthatpreventbloodfromfreezing,allowingthemtoflourishinextremecold.Previousresearchhadshownthesenaturalantifreezemolecules(分子)couldpreserveratheartsat-1.3degreesCelsiusforupto24hours.Buttheseproteinsareexpensivetoextract(提取)andhighlypoisonoustosomespecies.“Foralongtimeeveryoneassumedyouhadtomakesynthetic(人造的)alternativesthatlookedexactlylikeantifreezeproteinstosolvethisproblem,”saysMatthewGibson,achemistatWarwickwhoco-authoredthenewresearch.“Butwefoundthatyoucandesignnewmoleculesthatfunctionlikeantifreezeproteinsbutdonotnecessarilylooklikethem.”Mostnaturalantifreezemoleculeshaveamixtureofregionsthateitherattractorrepelwater.Scientistsdonotknowexactlyhowthisprocesspreventsicecrystalformation,butGibsonthinksitmightthrowwatermoleculesintopush-pullchaosthatpreventsthemfromtuningintoice.Tocopythismechanism,heandhiscolleaguessynthesizedspiral-shapedmoleculesthatweremostlywater-repellent—buthadironatomsattheircentersthatmadethemhydrophilic,orwater-loving.Theresultingcompoundsweresurprisinglyeffectiveatstoppingicecrystalsfromforming.SomewerealsoharmlesstotheroundwormCaenorhabditiselegans,indicatingtheymightbesafeforotheranimals.“Thesecompoundsarereallycoolbecausetheyarenotproteins—theyareothertypesofmoleculesthatnonethelesscandoatleastpartofwhatnaturalantifreezeproteinsdo,”saysClaradoAmaral,abiologistatMountSt.JosephUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.Gibson’santifreezecompoundswillstillneedtobetestedinhumans,however,andmaybeonlypartofasolution.“Wedon’thavethewholepictureyet,”doAmaraladds.“It’snotjustonemagicalcompoundthathelpsfreeze-tolerantorganismssurvive.It’sawholesuiteofadaptations.1、Whatwillhappeniforgansarekeptforalongtimeintemperaturesbelowzero?A．Theywillhaveicecrystalformationinside.B．Theywillnotsufferpermanentdamage.C．Theywillhavelongershelflife.D．Theywillbefitfortransplantation.2、Whatcanwelearnaboutnaturalantifreezeproteins?A．TheylooklikeGibson’santifreezecompounds.B．Theyarecomposedofantifreezemoleculesharmlesstootherspecies.C．Theyarespiral-shapedandhaveironatomsattheircenters.D．Theycanbefoundinorganismslivinginfreezingcoldweather.3、Howareantifreezemoleculespreventedfromicecrystals?A．Bycreatingcompoundsbothwater-repellentandwater-loving.B．Byextractingtheproteinsfromsomehardyanimals.C．Bymakingsyntheticalternativeslikeantifreezeproteins.D．Bycopyingspiral-shapedmoleculesmostlywater-resistant.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Push-pullchaosmightpreventwatermoleculesfromturningintoice.B．Thefinalsolutiontopreservingdonororganshasbeenfoundrecently.C．ChemicalsinspiredbyArcticanimalscouldlengthenorgans’shelflife.D．Gibson’santifreezecompoundscandowhatnaturalantifreezeproteinsdo.25．（10分）SincelastMarch,IhavebeenvisitingapetclinicbecauseofmycatEddie.TheclinicisinnorthernMassachusetts,abouttwohoursfromourhomeonCapeCod.Iexpecteditwouldbeterribledepressingbutit’sjusttheopposite.IhavebeensosurprisedatwhatIhavelearnedthere.NowIbelievehappinessissomethingtoloveinanyform.IfI’veeverknowanangel,itisKeri,Eddie’stechnician.BothEddieandIareunderherlovingcare.ShegivesEddiehismedicines.Shegivesmeemotionalguidanceaswell.Icanoffertellwhenit’ssomeone’sfirstvisit.They’reusuallycrying.Ithinkthereasonwhytherestofusdon’tcryhasnothingtodowithhope.Ithinkithastodowithanotheringredientofhappiness.Whenwethinkaboutourpet’sdistantfuture,evenifthey’rehealthy,wwillfeelsad.Keri,inherprayerfulvoicesays,“FocusonlovingEddierightnow.”“Rightnow”istheonlywaypeoplethinkatheclinic.Instantconnectioniswhathappensinthewaitingroom.Wejointogethertotenderlylifealamedog.Wetaketurnsdistractingacatwithsparklytoyssoshedoesn’tchewherbandage.Nobodyasksforhelp.Everybodyoffers.Wejustdoit.Whentheendoflifeisverynear,ownersoftenbelievetheirpet’shappinessismoreimportantthansomethinglikeastrictdiet.Ayoungfellowwhosepetdogsuffersfromcannersays,“Hecanhaveanythinghewantsnow.”SoIguessanelementofhappinessisnotsomuchthelengthofalifebutthejoyandpeacethatlifecontains.Atthisplace,thefocusisnotondying,andit’snotonliving.Thefocus,forpetsandforpeople,isonlivinghappily.1、WhatdoesKeristressmostaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Livingishappy.B．Timeisprecious.C．Hopeiscertain.D．Loveiseverything.2、Whatdoesinstantconnectioninthewaitingareawean?A．Theyliveinharmony.B．Theyhelpeachother.C．Theyarefulloflove.D．Theyaskforhelp.3、Whydoesayoungfellowhavehispeteatanythingitwants?A．Hewantshispettogainweight.B．Helikestodowhateverhewants.C．AnLovelyAngelofaPetClinic.D．TheIngredientsofHappiness.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）Tryingnewthingsistheonlywaywecandiscoverhiddentalents.I1mycareerasaneditorforamagazine.Ididn’treallymindthework,butIwantedsomethingmore2.ThenIwasofferedamanagement3ofadigitalreadingcompany.Thejobwasaseemingly4mixofmyskillsandinterests,soIjumpedatit.5,soonafterIjoinedthecompany,itsmodelchangedtofocusonK-12education,andeverythingaboutmypositionchanged.Iwasaskedtotakeonthe6differentrolesofsellingcontenttoteachersandtrainingpeople.Ifeltmorethanalittle7mycomfortzone.IknewIwantedtogrowasa(an)8andmakeaseriouseffectonthecompany.Itoldmyselfthateverythingfeels9atfirstandIshouldatleasttry.10,IfeltlikeIdidn’thavea(an)11.Iknewjumpingoutofthe12wastherightthingforme,eventhoughitfeltprettyawful.Iwasfortunatetobe13byveryhelpfulpeople,bothatworkandathome.Theykept14me.Ispenthoursresearchingmycompany’s15.Iaskedlotsofquestionsandspoketomanypeopleinneed.Ilookedforopportunitiestoputinextra16.ThemoreIdid,thebetterIfelt.Overtime,Idiscoveredthatthejobwas17Icoulddoandlikeddoing.Itwasanamazing18toseethecompanygrowandknowthatmyeffortscontributedto19successandthatit’simportanttotakerisksandacceptnew20.Actually,there’snothingworsethanfailingbecauseyourefusetoeventry.1、A．startedoutB．movedupC．developedD．spent2、A．steadyB．comfortableC．payingD．challenging3、A．guidanceB．suggestionC．positionD．course4、A．looseB．perfectC．mildD．complex5、A．HoweverB．InsteadC．AdditionallyD．Thus6、A．slightlyB．completelyC．relativelyD．strangely7、A．insideB．a(chǎn)roundC．withinD．outside8、A．individualB．consumerC．leaderD．a(chǎn)dult9、A．sillyB．toughC．freshD．easy10、A．OnthecontraryB．InbriefC．InawayD．Ononehand11、A．choiceB．ideaC．dreamD．reason12、A．controlB．touchC．nestD．company13、A．informedB．surroundedC．followedD．impressed14、A．convincingB．remindingC．a(chǎn)ccessingD．encouraging15、A．staffB．incomeC．productsD．conditions16、A．effortB．moneyC．offerD．care17、A．a(chǎn)nythingB．everythingC．somethingD．nothing18、A．profitB．rewardC．platformD．behavior19、A．myB．theirC．yourD．its20、A．opportunitiesB．requestsC．culturesD．services第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Therewasayoungflowerinthedesert1．a(chǎn)llwasdryandsadlookingItwasgrowingbyitself,2．(enjoy)everydayandsayingtothesun,"3．shallIbegrownup?"Andthesunwouldsay"Be4．(patience)!EachtimeItouchyou,yougrowalittle"Shewassopleased,5．shewouldhaveachancetobringbeautytothiscornerofsandAndthisisallshewantedtodo-bringalittlebitofbeautytothisworld6．onedaythehuntercamebyandsteppedonherShewasgoingtodieandshefeltsosad,notbecauseshewas7．(die),butbecauseshewould8．(ever)haveachancetobringalittlebitofbeautytothiscornerofthedesertThegreatspiritsawher,andwaslistening-Indeed,hesaidSheshouldbelivingSohereacheddownandtouchedher--andgaveher9．secondlifeFinallyshegrewuptobeabeautifulflowerAndthiscornerofthedesertalsobecamesobeautifulbecause10．thelittleflower第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Yearsago,allmyparentswereinvolvedinaseriouscaraccidents、UncleBobtookontheroleasafathertohim、Ilivedwithhimduringthatperiod、Heallowedmestaywithhimthoughhishomewasnotreallybigger、Heshowedhiscareandloveformebypayattentiontomyhealth,educationandwhatIneededatthattime、Ireallyappreciatedthetimehespentwithme、Weusedtogoonthetripstogether、Wewould