2017中石油職稱英語考試試題及答案

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟2017中石油職稱英語考試試題及答案試題一：?怎樣在書上做標(biāo)記?1.Youknowyouhavetoreadbetweenthelinestogetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttopersuadeyoutodosomethingequallyimportantinthecourseofyourreading.Iwanttopersuadeyoutowritebetweenthelines.Unlessyoudo,youarenotlikelytodothemostefficientkindofreading.?1、你知道讀書必須要閱讀，字里行間的言外之意，以求最充分的理解。我勸你在讀書過程中做一件同等重要的事情;我勸你在字里行間里寫字。不這樣做，就達(dá)不到最有效的閱讀效果。?2.Icontend,quitebluntly,thatmarkingupabookisnotanactofmutilationbutlove.?2、坦率地說，我認(rèn)為，在書上涂抹標(biāo)記不是一種損毀行為，而是愛。?3.Youshouldn'tmarkupabookwhichisn'tyours.Librarians(oryourfriends)wholendyoubooksexpectyoutokeepthemclean,andyoushould.IfyoudecidethatIamrightabouttheusefulnessofmarkingbooks,youwillhavetobuythem.Mostoftheworld'sgreatbooksareavailabletoday,inreprinteditions,foramodestsum.?3、當(dāng)然，你不應(yīng)該在不屬于你的書上做標(biāo)記。借給你書的圖書管理員(或者你的朋友)希望你保持書的整潔，你應(yīng)該這樣做。如果你認(rèn)為我說的在書上做標(biāo)記頗有益處這番話是對(duì)的，你就得自己買書?，F(xiàn)在，絕大部分世界上的好書都有再版，我們很容易買到，并且價(jià)格合理。?4.Therearetwowaysinwhichyoucanownabook.Thefirstisthepropertyrightyouestablishbypayingforit,justasyoupayforclothes,andfurniture.Butthisactofpurchaseisonlythepreludetopossession.Fullownershipcomesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself,andthebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.Anillustrationmaymakethepointclear.Youbuyabeefsteakandtransferitfromthebutcher'siceboxtoyourown.Butyoudonotownthebeefsteakinthemostimportantsenseuntilyouconsumeitandgetitintoyourbloodstream.Iamarguingthatbooks,too,mustbeabsorbedinyourbloodstreamtodoyouanygood.?4、一個(gè)人擁有書的方式有兩種，第一種是花錢取得財(cái)產(chǎn)所有權(quán)，就像你花錢買衣服和家具一樣。但是，這種購買行為僅是擁有書的前提。只有你將它化為自己的一部分后，你才完全占有了它;同時(shí)，把你自己融入書中的最好方法就是在書中寫字。打個(gè)比方可能使這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)更清楚。你買了一塊牛排，把它從屠夫的冰箱里移到了你自己的(冰箱里)。但是，從最重要的意義上說，你并沒有擁有這塊牛排，除非你吃下它并將它吸收進(jìn)你的血液之中。我的觀點(diǎn)是，書的營養(yǎng)也必須應(yīng)該被吸收到血液中，才能對(duì)你有所裨益。?5.Confusionaboutwhatitmeanstoownabookleadspeopletoafalsereverenceforpaper,binding,andtype-arespectforthephysicalthing-thecraftoftheprinterratherthanthegeniusoftheauthor.Theyforgetthatitispossibleforamantoacquirethatidea,topossessthebeauty,whichagreatbookcontains,withoutstakinghisclaimbypastinghisbookplateinsidethecover.Havingafinelibrarydoesn'tprovethatitsownerhasamindenrichedbybooks;itprovesnothingmorethanthathe,hisfather,orhiswife,wasrichenoughtobuythem.?5、對(duì)于擁有書籍的真正含義的誤解使人們錯(cuò)誤地崇敬紙張、裝訂和樣式-這是對(duì)物質(zhì)的崇敬-是崇敬印刷工人的技藝，而不是書籍作者的才華。他們忘記了，即使不在封面里貼上藏書票表明自己對(duì)書籍的擁有，人們也可以從一本偉大的著作中獲得它的精神，領(lǐng)略它的美麗。一個(gè)好書房并不能證明它的主人學(xué)富五車;僅僅說明他、他的父親或是他的妻子有錢買書而已。?6.Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthasallthestandardsetsandbest-sellers-unread,untouched.(Thisdeludedindividualownswoodpulpandink,notbooks.)Thesecondhasagreatmanybooks-afewofthemreadthrough,mostOfthemdippedinto,butallofthemascleanandshinyasthedaytheywerebought.(Thispersonwouldprobablyliketomakebookshisown,butisrestrainedbyafalserespectfortheirphysicalappearance.)Thethirdhasafewbooksormanyeveryoneofthemdogearedanddilapidated,shakenandloosenedbycontinualuse,markedandscribbledinfromfronttoback.(Thismanownsbooks.)?6、書籍擁有者可以分為三種。第一種人擁有全部的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)成套書和暢銷書，-既沒讀過，也沒碰過。(這種人占有的只是紙漿和油墨，不是書籍。)第二種人藏書很多-其中幾本被通讀過，大部分則淺嘗輒止，但是所有的書都跟新買時(shí)一樣整潔光亮。(這種人可能想使書籍真地為其所用，但因錯(cuò)誤地過分關(guān)注書籍的外觀而裹足不前。)第三種人藏書或多或少-因不斷使用，每本書都書角卷起，破舊不堪，裝訂破損，書頁松散，全書從扉頁至末頁都畫滿了記號(hào)，涂滿了字句。(這種人才是書的真正擁有者。)?7.Isitfalserespect,youmayask,topreserveintactandunblemishedabeautifullyprintedbook,anelegantlyboundedition?Ofcoursenot.I'dnomorescribblealloverafirsteditionofParadiseLostthanI'dgivemybabyasetofcrayonsandanoriginalRembrandt!Iwouldn'tmarkupapaintingorastatue.Itssoul,sotospeak,isinseparablefromitsbody.Andthebeautyofarareeditionorofarichlymanufacturedvolumeislikethatofapaintingorastatue.?7、你可能要問，將一本印刷精美、裝幀雅致的書保存完好，難道也是不恰當(dāng)?shù)膯?當(dāng)然不是。我絕不會(huì)在一本初版的《失樂園》上亂涂亂寫，就像我不會(huì)把一幅倫勃朗的原作連同一盒蠟筆交給我的孩子任意涂抹一樣!?8.Butthesoulofabookcanbeseparatedfromitsbody.Abookismorelikethescoreofapieceofmusicthanitislikeapainting.Nogreatmusicianconfusesasymphonywiththeprintedsheetofmusic.ArturoToscaninireveredBrahms,butToscanini'sscoreoftheC-minorSymphonywassothoroughlymarkedupthatnoonebutthemaestrohimselfcouldreadit.Thereasonwhyagreatconductormakesnotationsonhismusicalscores-marksthemupagainandagaineachtimehereturnstostudythem-isthereasonwhyyoushouldmarkyourbooks.Ifyourrespectformagnificentbindingortypographygetsintheway,buyyourselfacheapeditionandpayyourrespectstotheauthor.?8、但是，一本書的靈魂能夠從它的軀體里分離出來。與其說它像下幅畫，還不如說它更像一首樂曲的總譜。任何偉大的音樂家都不會(huì)將一首交響曲和一張印刷的樂譜相混淆。托斯卡尼尼非常崇敬博拉姆斯，但他的C小調(diào)交響曲的樂譜上畫滿了標(biāo)記，以致只有大師本人才能看懂。為什么一個(gè)偉大的指揮家會(huì)在樂譜上做記號(hào)-甚至每次研究都會(huì)重復(fù)標(biāo)記-其中的奧妙正是你應(yīng)該在書上做記號(hào)的原因。如果你對(duì)華美的裝幀和印刷的尊重妨礙你讀書的話，就給自己買一種便宜的版本，同時(shí)對(duì)書的作者表達(dá)敬意就可以了。?9.Whyismarkingupabookindispensabletoreading?First,itkeepsyouawake.(AndIdon'tmeanmerelyconscious;Imeanwideawake.)Inthesecondplace,reading,ifitisactive,isthinking,andthinkingtendstoexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.Thatmarkedbookisusuallythethought-throughbook.Finally,writinghelpsyourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtstheauthorexpressed.?9、為什么在閱讀過程中在書上做標(biāo)記是必不可少的呢?首先，它會(huì)使你保持清醒。(我指的不是僅僅神智清醒;我的意思是它能使你全神貫注。)其次，如果閱讀是一種能動(dòng)的行為，那么它就是思考，而想法常常須借助口頭的或書面的語言來表達(dá)出來。做過記號(hào)的書，通常是讀者認(rèn)真思考過的書。最后，寫可以幫助你記住閱讀時(shí)的思想，或作者所表達(dá)的思想。?10.Ifreadingistoaccomplishanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Youcan'tletyoureyesglideacrossthelinesofabookandcomeupwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.Nowanordinarypieceoflightfiction,like,say,Gone14h'ththeWind,doesn'trequirethemostactivekindofreading.Thebooksyoureadforpleasurecanbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Butagreatbook,richinideasandbeauty,abookthatraisesandtriestoanswergreatfundamentalquestions,demandsthemostactivereadingofwhichyouarecapable.Youdon'tabsorbtheideasofJohnDewey3thewayyouabsorbthesongsofapopularsinger.Youhavetoreachforthem.Thatyoucannotdowhileyou'reasleep.?10、如果(你的)閱讀的目的不僅僅是消磨時(shí)間，那就應(yīng)該是一種積極的思維活動(dòng)，僅僅讓你的眼睛在書上掃視一遍，你不可能對(duì)所讀的那種最積極的思維式的閱讀。作為消遣的書，可以輕松地讀而不會(huì)有所失。但一本思想豐富、文字華美，試圖提出帶根本性的重大問題并加以回答的偉大著作，則要求你盡可能地進(jìn)行最積極的閱讀。你不可能像欣賞流行歌曲那樣領(lǐng)略杜威的思想。你要花力氣才能獲得，漫不經(jīng)心是做不到的。?11.If,whenyou'vefinishedreadingabook,thepagesarefilledwithyournotes,youknowyoureadactively.Themost