Units1-2（測(cè)試）-2023年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)（牛津深圳版）

2023年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)八上Unit12測(cè)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Hewasagreat______becausehehadsomanyinventions.A.inventorB.soldierC.musicianD.painter【答案】A【解析】A.inventor發(fā)明家B.soldier士兵C.musician音樂家D.painter畫家2.Intheoldsociety(社會(huì)),manyoldpeople______coldinthecountrysideinwinter.AdiedofB.diedfromC.diedawayD.diedout【答案】A【解析】dieof制diefrom的區(qū)別：若死因存在于人體之上或之內(nèi)（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因）,一般用介詞of,若死因不是存在人體之內(nèi)或之上而是由壞境造成的（主要指事故等方面的外部原因）,一般用介詞from。dieout滅絕，死光。Cold寒冷，感冒，疾病。用A3.—Did________finishyourhomeworklastnight?—Yes,MissGao.Wealwaysfinishhomeworkontime.A.someone B.anyone C.noone D.everyone【答案】D【解析】句意：——昨晚每個(gè)人都完成作業(yè)了嗎？——是的，高老師，我們總是按時(shí)完成作業(yè)。

考查復(fù)合不定代詞。someone某人；anyone任何人；noone沒有人；everyone每個(gè)人，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體。根據(jù)“Wealwaysfinishhomeworkontime.”可知老師問你們每一個(gè)人都完成了，也就是你們?nèi)喽纪瓿闪藛?？?qiáng)調(diào)整體，故選D。4.Mrs.Brownisnice.Everydayshetriedtocook__________formeduringmystayinCanada.A.somethingdifferentB.anythingdifferentC.nothingdifferentD.differentnothing【答案】A【解析】試題分析：something一些東西，一般用于肯定句及表示請(qǐng)求建議等含義的疑問句中；anything也是表示一些東西，任何東西，一般用于否定及疑問句中。Nothing沒有東西，用于肯定句表示否定含義；修飾這些由thing組成的符合詞的形容詞一般放在這些詞的后面。句意：布朗先生很不錯(cuò)。我在加拿大期間，他每天早晨盡量為我不同的飯菜。5.Jimwantstoknowwhat_____theWorldWarI．A．ledin B．madeinto C．madeto D．ledto【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)．句意：吉姆想知道第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的起因．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，leadin引導(dǎo)入內(nèi)；madeinto做成…；maketo使…；leadto導(dǎo)致．根據(jù)Jimwantstoknowwhat____theWorldWarI，可知這里說的是吉姆想知道是什么導(dǎo)致了第一次世界大戰(zhàn)．6.________，Coca﹣ColabegantoenterChina'smarket．A．In1970's B．In1970s C．Inthe1970s'D．Inthe1970s【答案】D．【解析】在英語(yǔ)中，表示幾世紀(jì)幾年代，用"定冠詞+（世紀(jì)）百位進(jìn)數(shù)+十位數(shù)+s．因此Inthe1970s，可翻譯為"在20世紀(jì)70年代"．答案A、B和C都不正確．由題干"在20世紀(jì)70年代，可口可樂開始進(jìn)入中國(guó)市場(chǎng)．"可知，空格是"在20世紀(jì)70年代"，用Inthe1970s，答案應(yīng)是Inthe1970s．7.Idon'tknowhowtokeephealthy，canyougiveme？A．a(chǎn)nadvice B．lotsofadvices C．a(chǎn)fewadvices D．someadvice【答案】D【解析】找出關(guān)鍵詞advice，不可數(shù)名詞，表示建議，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除B，C，不可數(shù)名詞前不用a或an直接修飾，排除A，故答案為D，some既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞．8.Samisanexcellentengineer．______，heisagoodfootballer．A．Introuble B．Intime C．InadditionD．Infuture【答案】C．【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)．根據(jù)句意：薩姆是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的工程師，另外，他還是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員．可知此處強(qiáng)調(diào)他另外一種身份．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．處在困難中B．及時(shí)C．另外，此外D．往后，選項(xiàng)C符合題意．9.Whichroomdoyoulivein?_________.A.The201Room B.Room201 C.Room201st D.The201'sRoom【答案】B【解析】句意：——你住在哪個(gè)房間?——201號(hào)房間。考查數(shù)詞辨析。“Room+基數(shù)詞”表示某某房間；根據(jù)句意語(yǔ)境，可知選B。10.—Idon’tthinkJimmywilleonsucharainyday.—Oh,no,buthe______!A.promisedB.imagined C.produced D.appeared【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)句意：我認(rèn)為Jimmy這樣雨天不會(huì)來(lái)。不他承諾過（要來(lái)）。A.promised（承諾）B.imagined（想象） C.produced （生產(chǎn)）D.appeared（出現(xiàn)）二、詞形變化1.Childrenusuallydon'thavethe______（able）towriteuntilpeopleteachthemtodoso.2.Ifyourdreamistobean_____________(art),youshouldtryyourbesttomakeitetrue.3.Iwanttobea___________（science）inthefutureandIwanttomakerobots.4.Therewerelotsof__________(music）inhistory.Theycreatedalotofwonderfulmusic.5.MyfriendBerryesfromItaly,soheisan__________(Italy).6.Ourclassroomisonthe_______(five)floor.7.Mygrandmapromises_______(buy)meaputerandI'mveryhappy.8.Wecanexpressnumbersin_______(difference)ways.9.Themanalwaysdoesthingsaccordingtohisboss’s_____________(instruct)．10.Youmustbecarefulandspelleachword__________(correct)．【答案】1.ability2.artist3.scientist4.musicians5.Italian6fifth7.tobuy8.different9.instructions10.correctly三、單詞拼寫。1.DinosaurslivedonEarthbeforeh__________beings.2.Youhavethea__________todothejobwell.I’msureofit.3.Iopenedthedoor,buttherewasn__________intheroom.4.Tom’sdreamistobeani_________.Hewantstomakegreatthingsandchangetheworld.5.Mary’shobbiesi__________swimmingandsinging.6.Whenyou’reangry,c_____to10,andthenyou’llfeelbetter.7.At______accidenthappenedonChunmuRoad.Adriverandtwostudentsdied.8.Then_______offamiliesowningcarsisincreasingyearafteryear.9.Don’tc____Lily’shomework,John!Doityourself.10.Tomgotthefirstp__________inthesingingpetition.【答案】1.human2．a(chǎn)bility3．Nobody4．inventor5．include6.count7.traffic8.number9.copy10.realize四、完成句子1.你知道恐龍為什么會(huì)滅絕嗎？Doyouknowwhydinosaurs______________?2.沒人知道他為什么離開了。Nobodyknows____________________.3.我也不知道這個(gè)詞的意思，你可以在詞典里查找。Idon’tknowthemeaningofthiswordeither.Youcan______________________inadictionary.4.這個(gè)箱子和那個(gè)一樣重。Thisboxis________________________thatone.5.我們可以通過這本書來(lái)了解歐洲歷史。Wecanthehistoryof_________________Europe_________thisbook.6.用桃子制成的果汁味道不錯(cuò)。Thejuice____________________peachestastesgood.7.他們計(jì)劃建一個(gè)網(wǎng)站以便更多人能了解他們的音樂。Theyplantobuildawebsite__________________morepeoplecouldknowtheirmusic.8這個(gè)機(jī)器人能幫您打掃房間。Therobotcan___________you___________thehouse.9.請(qǐng)翻到第20頁(yè)，看第一幅圖。PleaseturntoPage__________andlookat_________picture.10.你的爺爺真睿智！____________yourgrandpais!【答案】1.diedout滅絕2.whyheleft3.lookitup4.asheavyas5.learnaboutfrom6.madefrom7.sothat8.helpwith9.twentythefirst10.Howwise五、短文填詞ALangLangiswellknowninChina.HeisafamousChinese(1)m.HewasborninamusicalfamilyinShenyang,Liaoning,on14June1982.At3,LangLangshowedgreatmusical(2)aandstartedtolearnthepiano.Heworkedhardandat5,hegavehisfirstconcert(音樂會(huì)).At9,hewenttolearnthepianoinBeijing.Duringthistime,heworked(3)eharder.Heplayedthepianoforalmostfivehourseveryday.At11,hejoinedintheNationalChildren’sPianoContestand(4)w_firstplace.Now,hegivesconcertsallovertheworldeveryyear.Hehasgivenmanyimportantopenairperformances(表演)atdifferentplaces.Theseplaces(5)I__NewYork’sCentralPark,theHollywoodBowl,andChicago’sRaviniaFestival.1._________2.________3.__________4._______5._________【答案】musician2.Ability3.even4.won5.includeBLong,longagotherewasnozero.Towritethenumbersixtythreepeoplewrote63.Towritesixhundredandthree,peoplewrote63.Thespacebetweensixandthreewastheretomean“notany”tens.Sometimespeopledidnot(1)r_____thespace.Itwasnoteasytoseeand(2)r_____.Laterpeopleusedapointtoholdthespace.Sixhundredandthreelookedlikethis6.3.Butthepointwasstill(3)h_____tosee.Sopeopleputacirclearounditlikethis6⊙3.Thenpeoplecouldseethepoint.Theyrememberedthespace.Atlast,onlythecirclearoundthepointwasused.Itwaslikeazero.Thisisone(4)s_____ofhowthezerocametobeused.Nowzerohasmany(5)i_____uses.Canyoutellsomeotherwaysofusingzero?【答案】1remember2read3hard4story5important六、語(yǔ)法填空TheInternethasbeepartofpeople'slife,especiallyteenagers'.There's1.___________reportamong3,375studentsagedfrom10to18insevencitiesinChina.Itshowsthat38%ofthem2.__________（use）theInternetoften.Mostofthestudentsget3.____________（lot）ofinformationandusetheInternettohelpwiththeirstudies.4._____________,somearen'tusingitinagoodway.Theyplayonline5.___________（game）toomuchandsomedon'tstoptoeatordrink.Badthingscanhappenifyoungpeoplespendtoomuchtime6.____________（get）ontheInternet.TohelpyoungpeopleusetheInternet7.____________agoodway,abookongoodInternethabithasstartedtobeusedinsomebigcities.Ituses8._____________（really）examplestoteachstudentsanditgivessomegood9._____________（advise）.Teachersandparentsallthinkthebookisaverygoodidea.Itwillteachstudentshowtobeagoodpersonintheonlineworld.ItwillbeaguideforteensusingtheInternetandkeepstudentsaway10.____________badsites.【答案】1.a2.use3.lots4.However5.games6.getting7.in8.real9advice10.from七、語(yǔ)法選擇(中考難度)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldstoriesaboutheroes.Heroesarestrongandbravepeople____1____helpothers.Today,wecanreadstoriesandwatchfilms____2____superheroes.Whataresuperheroes?Superheroeshavespecialpowerswhichtheyusetodogoodthingslike____3____peopleandfightingcrime.Theyusuallywearspecial____4____;likeacape（披風(fēng)）.Sometimestheywearamask,sonooneknows____5____theyare.Modernsuperheroesefromstoriesinicbooks.Superman____6____oneofthefirstfamoussuperheroes.____7____firstSupermanicwaspublishedin1938.SupermanisanalienfromtheplanetKrypton.He____8____flyandheissuperstrong.Heissuperfastandnoweapons（武器）canhurthim.TheonlythingthatcanhurthimisKryptoniterockfrom____9____homeplanet.In1941,WonderWoman____10____.Sheisthefirstfemalesuperhero.WonderWoman’sstory____11____fromancientGreekmyths（神話）.Shehassomesuperhumanpowers____12____.Sheisgoodatfighting____13____shehaslotsofweapons.Sometimessuperheroeshavefriendsthathelp____14____,likeJimmyOlsenintheSupermanstories.Thesefriendsarecalled“sidekicks（伙伴）”.Oneof____15____sidekicksisRobinfrom“BatmanandRobin”.SometimessuperheroesgrouptogetherlikeIronMan,CaptainAmericaandThorin“TheAvengers”,orthemutants（突變體）intheXMenteam.1.A.where B.whom C.whose D.who2.A.at B.among C.with D.about3.A.tohelp B.helping C.help D.helped4.A.cloth B.clothes C.clothes’ D.cloth’s5.A.who B.that C.why D.how6.A.willbe B.is C.were D.are7.A./ B.A C.An D.The8.A.can B.should C.may D.would9.A.he B.him C.his D.himself10.A.creates B.wascreated C.created D.wascreating11.A.woulde B.ising C.es D.wasing12.A.also B.too C.neither D.either13.A.and B.or C.but D.if14.A.they B.their C.them D.themselves15.A.famous B.morefamous C.mostfamous D.themostfamous【答案】1.D2.D3.B4.B5.A6.B7.D8.A9.C10.B11.C12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】本文主要介紹了不同時(shí)期的超級(jí)英雄。1.句意：英雄是幫助他人的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)勇敢的人。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是地點(diǎn)，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)；whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是人，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)；whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是人或物，在從句中作定語(yǔ)；who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是人，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。句子是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，用who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故選D。2.句意：今天，我們可以閱讀有關(guān)超級(jí)英雄的故事和觀看電影。at在；among在……之間；with和；about關(guān)于。根據(jù)“films...superheroes”可知是關(guān)于超級(jí)英雄的電影。故選D。3.句意：超級(jí)英雄有特殊的能力，他們可以用來(lái)做善事，比如幫助人們和打擊犯罪。tohelp幫助，動(dòng)詞不定式；helping動(dòng)名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；help動(dòng)詞原形；helped過去式或過去分詞。介詞like后加動(dòng)名詞。故選B。4.句意：他們通常穿著特殊的衣服。cloth布料；clothes衣服；clothes’錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)；cloth’s錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)。根據(jù)“l(fā)ikeacape”可知他們穿著特殊的衣服。故選B。5.句意：所以沒有人知道他們是誰(shuí)。who誰(shuí)；that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，無(wú)意義；why為什么；how如何。從句中缺少表語(yǔ)，用who引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示不知道他們是誰(shuí)。故選A。6.句意：超人是最早的著名超級(jí)英雄之一。willbe一般將來(lái)時(shí)；is是，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞；were一般過去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)；are一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)。描述客觀情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是Superman，be動(dòng)詞用is。故選B。7.句意：第一部超人漫畫于1938年出版。/零冠詞；A不定冠詞，用以輔音音素開頭的單詞前；An不定冠詞，用以元音音素開頭的單詞前；The定冠詞。序數(shù)詞first前加定冠詞。故選D。8.句意：他會(huì)飛，而且他非常強(qiáng)壯。can可以；should應(yīng)該；may可能；would將會(huì)。此處表示“能力”，用can。故選A。9.句意：唯一能傷害他的是來(lái)自他家鄉(xiāng)星球的氪石。he他，主格；him他，賓格；his他的，形容詞性物主代詞；himself他自己?？崭窈笥忻~，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞修飾。故選C。10.句意：1941年，神奇女俠誕生了。creates創(chuàng)造，第三人稱單數(shù)；wascreated一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；created動(dòng)詞過去式或過去分詞；wascreating過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。分析句子可知，主語(yǔ)“WonderWoman”和謂語(yǔ)“create”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)“In1941”可知此處用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was/weredone。故選B。11.句意：神奇女俠的故事來(lái)源于古希臘神話。woulde將會(huì)來(lái)，過去將來(lái)時(shí)；ising現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；es動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)；wasing過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。描述客觀事情，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是WonderWoman’sstory，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故選C。12.句意：她也有一些超人的力量。also也，放肯定句句中；too也，放肯定句句尾；neither也不；either也，放否定句句尾?？崭裉幵诳隙ň渚湮玻硎尽耙病庇胻oo。故選B。13.句意：她擅長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)斗，并且擁有許多武器。and和；or或者；but但是；if如果。根據(jù)“Sheisgoodatfighting...shehaslotsofweapons”可知前后兩句是順承關(guān)系，用and連接。故選A。14.句意：有時(shí)超級(jí)英雄會(huì)有朋友幫助他們。they他們，主格；their他們的，形容詞性物主代詞；them他們，賓格；themselves他們自己。此處指“超級(jí)英雄們”，作賓語(yǔ)用代詞賓格。故選C。15.句意：其中的一個(gè)最著名的搭檔是《蝙蝠俠與羅賓》中的羅賓。famous著名的；morefamous形容詞比較級(jí)；mostfamous形容詞最高級(jí)；themostfamous定冠詞加形容詞最高級(jí)。此處是結(jié)構(gòu)“oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，表示“最……的……之一”。故選D。八、完形填空(中考難度)Onceuponatime,therewasatiny,butcloselyunitedgroupoffrogs.Theyheldarunningracebecausetheywantedtoleavebehinda/an____1____story.Theirgoalwastoreachthetopofaveryhightower.Abigcrowdhadetogetheraroundthetowertoseethe___2____andcheeronthecontestants.However,nooneinthecrowdreally____3____thatthefrogswouldeverreachthegoal.Theysaid,“Oh,waytoodifficult!”“Notachancetheywillmakeittothe____4____!”“Thetoweristoohigh!”Thefrogsfeltverydiscouragedbythese___5___.Onebyone,theyfell.Whilekeepingonpretendingcheers,thecrowdalsoshouted,“Itistoodifficult!Noonewillmakeit!”Morefrogs__6____.Morenoiseswerefromthecrowd,“Iknewnoonewouldmakeit!”Totheirsurprise,onefrogcontinuedandclimbed____7____.Finally,onlythatfrogreachedthetop!Alloftheotherfogswantedtoknowhowhe___8____inperformingthisfeat(技藝)ofstrengthandcourage.Sooneofthecontestantsaskedthefroghowhedidit.Itturnedoutthatthe____9____frogwasdeaf,hedidn’thearanything.Dearfriends,aretheremanypeoplearoundyou,whoencourageyouordotheydotheopposite?Ifyouwanttobuildyourowninspiring(激勵(lì)的)story,stayawayfrompeoplewhoarenot____10_____.Andbuildstrongconnectionswiththosewhoencourageyou.1.A.fashionable B.encouraging C.interesting D.fortable2.A.petition B.introduction C.information D.examination3.A.wondered B.supposed C.promised D.believed4.A.tower B.wing C.top D.side5.A.decisions B.ments C.articles D.mistakes6.A.satdown B.tookoff C.gaveup D.setoff7.A.higher B.farther C.harder D.faster8.A.succeeded B.brought C.arrived D.delighted9.A.annoying B.touching C.turning D.winning10.A.wonderful B.beautiful C.careful D.hopeful【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.C5.B6.C7.A8.A9.D10.D【解析】本文是一篇寓言故事。在一場(chǎng)青蛙爬塔頂?shù)谋荣愔校詈髣俪龅氖且恢欢@的青蛙。這則故事揭示了一個(gè)道理：要勇于堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想，不要受周圍言論的干擾，這樣才能達(dá)成自己的目標(biāo)。1.句意：他們舉行賽跑是因?yàn)樗麄兿肓粝乱粋€(gè)鼓舞人心的故事。fashionable流行的；encouraging鼓舞人心的；interesting有趣的；fortable舒服的，根據(jù)空前的“Theyheldarunningracebecausetheywantedtoleavebehinda/an“可知，應(yīng)該是想留下一個(gè)鼓舞人心的故事，故選B。2.句意：一大群人聚集在塔樓周圍觀看比賽。petition比賽；introduction介紹；information信息；examination考試，根據(jù)前文的“Theyheldarunningrace”可知，應(yīng)該是觀看比賽，故選A。3.句意：沒有人相信這些青蛙能爬上塔頂。wondered想知道；supposed設(shè)想；promised許諾；believed相信，根據(jù)空后的“thatthefrogswouldeverreachthegoal”可知，應(yīng)該是沒有人相信青蛙能爬上塔頂，故選D。4.句意：他們不可能登上頂端。tower塔；wing翅膀；top頂端；side邊，根據(jù)前文的“Theirgoalwastoreachthetopofaveryhightower”可知，應(yīng)該是登上頂端，故選C。5.句意：青蛙們被這些評(píng)論弄得非?；倚摹ecisions決定；ments評(píng)論；articles文章；mistakes錯(cuò)誤，根據(jù)前文的“Oh,waytoodifficult!”…toweristoohigh!”可知，應(yīng)該是評(píng)論，故選B。6.句意：更多青蛙放棄了。satdown坐下；tookoff脫下；gaveup放棄；setoff出發(fā)，根據(jù)前文的“Itistoodifficult!Noonewillmakeit!”可知，應(yīng)該是更多青蛙放棄了，故選C。7.句意：一只青蛙繼續(xù)并爬得更高。higher更高；farther更遠(yuǎn)；harder更努力地；faster更快，根據(jù)空前的“onefrogcontinuedandclimbed”可知，應(yīng)該是爬得更高，故選A。8.句意：其他所有的青蛙都想知道他是如何成功地完成這項(xiàng)力量和勇氣的壯舉的。succeeded成功；brought帶來(lái)；arrived到達(dá)；delighted使高興，根據(jù)前文的“onlythatfrogreachedthetop”可知，應(yīng)該是其他青蛙想知道它怎樣成功的，故選A。9.句意：結(jié)果，獲勝的青蛙是聾的，它什么也聽不到。annoying煩人的；touching感人的；turning旋轉(zhuǎn)；winning獲勝的，根據(jù)前文的“onlythatfrogreachedthetop”可知，應(yīng)該是獲勝的青蛙，故選D。10.句意：如果你想建立自己的鼓舞人心的故事，遠(yuǎn)離那些不抱希望的人。wonderful精彩的；beautiful漂亮的；careful認(rèn)真的；hopeful有希望的，根據(jù)空前的“Ifyouwanttobuildyourowninspiring(激勵(lì)的)story,stayawayfrompeoplewhoarenot”可知，應(yīng)該是遠(yuǎn)離不抱希望的人，故選D。九、閱讀理解(2022年廣州中考)CharlesDarwinEarlyyearsCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However,hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn’tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals.Luckily,oneofDarwin’suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.TheBeagleIn1831,CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle,ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling,hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited.DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadamonancestor(祖先).DownhouseAthomeatDownHouse,aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday,Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels,buthedidn’twanttomakeanythingabouthistheoryknowntothepublic.Heworkedinhisstudy,wherehewrote250,000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution(進(jìn)化論),buthewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans.Hethoughtthepublicwouldbeagainstitandwassofrightenedthathebecameillwithworry.However,whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas,Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin’stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruary,thedayhewasborn,DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.1.WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine?A.Hedidn’tlikeseeingblood. B.Hefoundthestudiestoodifficult.C.Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily. D.Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.2.WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin?A.Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B.Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfuture.C.Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D.Itgothimtopletehismostfamousbookontheship.3.InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin’slife?a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook,OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A.e→f→c→a→b→d B.c→e→f→a→b→d C.e→f→a→c→d→b D.c→e→f→d→a→b4.Whydidthewriterincludethelastparagraph?ATointroduceDarwin’sfamousbook.B.TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C.ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin’sideas.D.ToshowDarwin’sinfluenceonnaturalscience.【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D【解析】本文講述達(dá)爾文早期的學(xué)習(xí)和旅行經(jīng)歷，講述達(dá)爾文研究自然世界，并完成《物種起源》的經(jīng)歷。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn’tbeadoctor”可知，達(dá)爾文討厭看到血，所以放棄了學(xué)醫(yī)。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DarwinalsospenthistimeonTheBeaglewritingnotesaboutthethingshehadseen.WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain,Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadamonancestor”可知，達(dá)爾文在“小獵戶號(hào)”船上的旅行，讓他開始創(chuàng)造他有名的理論，他認(rèn)為所有的生物都有一個(gè)共同的祖先。故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“hehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants,insectsandanimals”可知，他對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)自然世界感興趣。根據(jù)“oneofDarwin’suniversityteachershelpedhim,jointheperfecttripforabiologist:avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature”可知，他得到幫助可以去環(huán)球航行。根據(jù)“hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsinthecountriesandontheislandsthattheshipvisited”可知，他在島上研究植物和動(dòng)物。根據(jù)“WhenhefinallyarrivedbackinBritain”可知，他回到英國(guó)。根據(jù)“hewasfrightenedaboutwhatpeoplemightsayabouthisideathatmonkeysweretheancestorsofhumans”可知，他認(rèn)為大眾不會(huì)支持他的想法。根據(jù)“Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook,OntheOriginofSpecies”可知，他出版了他的書《物種起源》。正確的順序是c→e→f→a→b→d。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld”可知，達(dá)爾文日是為了鼓勵(lì)更多的人研究自然科學(xué)。可推斷最后一段是為了展示達(dá)爾文在自然科學(xué)上的影響。故選D。第二節(jié)閱讀填空閱讀短文及文后A～E選項(xiàng)，選出可以填入后面各題空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasalittlekid,mydadusedtobringacamerawheneverwewentout.Heisnotaprofessional.Hejustenjoystakingpictures.____1____Ilovedit.Butgradually,Ifounditinconvenienttobringacamera.Camerasareheavy!I’dratherusemyphone—until2020.____2____Ourteacherwasagreatphotographerandteacherwhonevermadehisclassboring.Hewasalsoagreatfriendwhoinsp