分詞做狀語和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)課件

1GrammarRevision分詞做狀語和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu).2分詞做狀語V-ing作狀語,

可表時(shí)間、原因、方式、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨或陪襯等含義,

相當(dāng)于一個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語從句所表達(dá)的意思.31._______（walk）inthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.When….2.______(be)ill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Because…3.______(use)yourhead,youwillfindaway.If…4Weweresittingbythewindow,_______(talk)aboutwhathappenedyesterday.(伴隨）Hisparentsdied,_________(leave)himanorphan.5Havingmethimformanytimes,shedecidedtohelphimout.Aftershehadmethimformanytimes,…1.v-ing形式作狀語時(shí)，若它所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前，需用havingdone,被動(dòng)形式havingbeendone2.v-ing形式作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須和主句主語保持一致；3.否定式直接在分詞前加not6Notknowingheraddress,wehadtogetintouchwithher.__________(finish)theclass,shewenthome.___________(catch)onthespot,thethiefhadtoadmithiscrime.7Ved作狀語1.過去分詞作狀語，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等。過去分詞的邏輯主語是主句的主語8______(see)fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Whenitis…_______(keep)inrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Iftheyare…Deeply________(move)bythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.9過去完成時(shí)1.定義：在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：haddone

被動(dòng)：hadbeendoneIhadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo‘clocklastnight。IthoughtIhadseenhim

before.10與分詞作狀語交叉Aftershehadfinishedtheofficework,shecametothesittingroomandrelaxed.Havingfinishedtheofficework,she…11Practice1._______fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.Suffered B.Suffering C.Havingsuffered D.Beingsuffered122.Hesentmeane-mail,________togetfurtherinformation.A.hoped B.hoping C.tohope D.hope133.Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,_______.A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC.alakewasdiscoveredundergroundD.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake144.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing155._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.Havewaited C.Havingwaited D.Tohavewaited166.If___thesametreatmentagain,he’ssuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven177.Unless___tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited.187._____in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

A.BeingfoundedB.Itwasfounded

C.FoundedD.Founding19獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1.由名詞或代詞加上分詞或分詞短語構(gòu)成的一種獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，用于修飾整個(gè)句子。202.特點(diǎn)1）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨(dú)立存在。2）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系。3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句分開。213.結(jié)構(gòu)名詞/主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語Therebeing+名詞/代詞Itbeing+名詞/代詞22Thegirl_______(stare)athim(=Asthegirlstaredathim),hedidn‘tknowwhattosay.Time_______(permit)(=Iftimepermits),wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow.Theproblems______(solve)(=Astheproblemsweresolved),thequalityhasbeenimproved.23獨(dú)立主格與狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語不同時(shí)，可用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)取代狀語從句，但不再保留連詞。Afterclasswasover，thestudentssoonlefttheclassroom.Classbeingover/Classover24Heisgoingtomakeamodelplane,someoldpartstohelp.Hismother（being）ill,hehadtostayhometolookafterher.Themeeting（being）over,theyallwenthome.25being（或havingbeen）

不能省略的情形

(1)獨(dú)立主格的邏輯主語是代詞時(shí)。

ItbeingSunday,wewenttochurch.

(2)在Therebeing＋名詞/代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中。

Therebeingnobus,wehadtogohomeonfoot.26OurEnglishteachercameintotheclassroom,bookinhand.n/pron+介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)中，n/pron前不可用冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞（his，her，our…）27Practice1.Thecave________verydark,helitsomecandles________light.was;given B.was;togiveC.being;givenD.being;togive282.Thesoldierrushedintothecave,hisrighthand________agunandhisface________withsweat.Aheld;coveredB.holding;coveringC.holding;coveredD.held;covering3.Thegirlinthesnapshot（快照）wassmilingsweetly,herlonghair_________.A.flowedinthebreezeB.wasflowinginthebreezeC.wereflowinginthebreezeD.flowinginthebreeze294.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_________fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished305.____,wewenthome.A.OurhomeworkhadbeenfinishedB.OurhomeworkhavingbeenfinishedC.OurhomeworkfinishingD.Ourhomeworkbeenfinished6.Themeeting____,hewentbacktohiscompany.A.OverB.hadoverC.wasoverD.havebeenover317.____,heputonhiscoat.A.ItbeingcoldB.ItcoldC.BeingcoldD.Ithavingbeencold8.Time____,weshallvisitthezoo.A.beenpermittingB.permittingC.permittedD.havingbeenpermitted329._______,wehavetogetdowntobusinessrightaway．A.Therewasnotimeleft

B.ThereisnotimeleftC.Therebeingnotimeleft

D.Theretobenotimeleft3310.Shestoodthere,_______fromhercheeks.tears'rollingdown

B.tea