寒假作業(yè)03形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)-2024年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假培優(yōu)練（牛津深圳版）

限時(shí)練習(xí)：40min完成時(shí)間：月日天氣：作業(yè)03形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1.形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的規(guī)則變化類別構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)詞一般直接加er,estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾時(shí)加r,stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí),雙寫最后的輔音字母,再加er,estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest雙音節(jié)以輔音字母加y或以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞，把y變i,再加er,estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在原級(jí)前加more,mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful注意：1.一般單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以er,ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，比較級(jí)在后面直接加er，最高級(jí)加est.如：slowslowerslowest,clevercleverercleverest,narrownarrowernarrowest2.形容詞的最高級(jí)前要加the,副詞的最高級(jí)前可省略the.2.形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的不規(guī)則變化（補(bǔ)全表格）原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest形容詞原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)相關(guān)表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句A＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋as＋原級(jí)＋as＋B表示前后兩者情況一樣BillrunsasfastasJack.A＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式＋as/so＋原級(jí)＋as＋B表示前者不如后者Tomisn'tasstrongasJack.A＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋比較級(jí)＋than＋B表示“A比B更……”Iamolderthanmygoodfriend.比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)表示“越來(lái)越……”Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.the＋形容詞的比較級(jí)，the＋形容詞的比較級(jí)表示“越……，越……”Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryou'llbe.the＋形容詞的最高級(jí)＋in/of短語(yǔ)。。之中最。。。Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.oneofthe＋形容詞的最高級(jí)＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)最。。的之一Heisoneofthetallestboysinourclass.the+序數(shù)詞＋形容詞的最高級(jí)第幾最。。。的Heisthesecondtallestinhisclass.一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Pleasekeepas________aspossiblewhilewatchingbirds,asanynoisewillmakethemafraidandflyaway.A．quiet B．quieter C．quietly D．morequietly【答案】A【詳解】句意：觀鳥時(shí)請(qǐng)盡可能保持安靜，因?yàn)槿魏卧胍舳紩?huì)讓它們害怕并飛走?？疾樾稳菰~原級(jí)。quiet安靜的，形容詞；quieter更安靜的，形容詞的比較級(jí)；quietly安靜地，副詞；morequietly更安靜地，副詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)“Pleasekeepas…aspossiblewhilewatchingbirds,asanynoisewillmakethemafraidandflyaway.”可知，as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+aspossible“盡可能……”，空前有系動(dòng)詞keep“保持”，其后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，空處應(yīng)填形容詞quiet“安靜的”。故選A。2．—HowdoyoulikethenewfilmAvatarⅡ?—Amazing.Ihaveneverenjoyed________one.A．a(chǎn)better B．thebetter C．a(chǎn)worse D．theworse【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你覺(jué)得新電影《阿凡達(dá)Ⅱ》怎么樣？——太令人驚奇了。我從未享受過(guò)比這更好的?？疾楸容^級(jí)用法。abetter更好的，表泛指；thebetter更好的，表特指；aworse更糟糕的，表泛指；theworse更糟糕的，表特指；根據(jù)“Amazing.Ihaveneverenjoyed...one.”可知，“我”從來(lái)沒(méi)有欣賞過(guò)比這更好的一部電影了。此處表示泛指一部好電影，且“否定詞+比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)的含義。故選A。3．Ifpeopledrivemorenewenergyvehicles(新能源汽車),theenvironmentwillbe______.A．worseandworse B．lessandless C．betterandbetter D．moreandmore【答案】C【詳解】句意：如果人們開更多的新能源汽車，環(huán)境會(huì)越來(lái)越好?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)。worseandworse越來(lái)越差；lessandless越來(lái)越少；betterandbetter越來(lái)越好；moreandmore越來(lái)越。根據(jù)“drivemorenewenergyvehicles(新能源汽車)”可知環(huán)境會(huì)越來(lái)越好。故選C。4．EveryoneknowsthatChinaisgetting________.A．strongandstrong B．strongestandstrongestC．strongerandstronger D．strongerandstrong【答案】C【詳解】句意：每個(gè)人都知道中國(guó)正在變得越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大?？疾楸容^級(jí)的用法?！氨容^級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”，strong的比較級(jí)為stronger。故選C。5．—Canyoutellmewhyyoulearnmathsowell?—It’sverysimple.________youwork,________gradesyouwillget.A．Theharder;thebest B．Thehard;thebetterC．Harder;better D．Theharder;thebetter【答案】D【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我你為什么數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得這么好嗎？——這很簡(jiǎn)單。你學(xué)習(xí)越努力，你的成績(jī)就會(huì)越好?？疾楸容^級(jí)形式。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知，空處應(yīng)是“The+比較,the+比較級(jí)”，表示“越……，越……”；hard的比較級(jí)是harder；good的比較級(jí)是better。故選D。6．—Howisyourfatherfeelingtoday?—Much________.Hecan’tgotoworktoday.A．bad B．worse C．good D．better【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你父親今天感覺(jué)怎么樣？——更差了。他今天不能去上班。考查形容詞用法。bad壞的，不好的；worse更差，bad比較級(jí)；good好的；better更好的，good比較級(jí)。根據(jù)“Howisyourfatherfeelingtoday?Much...”可知，設(shè)空處指父親今天的感受，暗含與之前作比較，此處選填比較級(jí)形式，排除A和C，結(jié)合“Hecan’tgotoworktoday”，better不符合語(yǔ)境，排除D。故選B。7．Boysandgirls,themorecarefulyouareduringtheexam,________mistakesyou’llmake.A．theless B．thefewer C．thefew D．thelittle【答案】B【詳解】句意：同學(xué)們，你們?cè)诳荚囍性叫⌒?，犯的錯(cuò)誤就越少?？疾楸容^級(jí)。根據(jù)“themorecarefulyouare”可知此處用“the+比較級(jí)...，the+比較級(jí)...”，意為“越……就越……”，所以排除C和D；little/less修飾不可數(shù)名詞，few/fewer修飾可數(shù)名詞，“mistakes”是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，排除A。故選B。8．Althoughourclassroomissmall,itis_______thantheirs.A．morebright B．muchbrighter C．morebrighter D．themostbright【答案】B【詳解】句意：雖然我們的教室很小，但比他們的教室要明亮得多?？疾楸容^級(jí)。bright“明亮的”，比較級(jí)為brighter，最高級(jí)為brightest。注意到句中的than，可知應(yīng)該用比較級(jí)，much可修飾比較級(jí)，故選B。9．Ofallthestudents,Marydonates________moneytoProjectHopeeveryyear,butsheseldombuysnicethingsforherself.A．more B．less C．themost D．theleast【答案】C【詳解】句意：在所有學(xué)生中，瑪麗每年向希望工程捐款最多，但她很少給自己買好東西?？疾樾稳菰~的最高級(jí)。根據(jù)“ofallthestudents...”可知，此處表示限定的范圍，屬于最高級(jí)的標(biāo)志詞；后文中強(qiáng)調(diào)她很少給自己買好東西，此處應(yīng)使用much修飾money，much的最高級(jí)是themost。故選C。10．—Chinaisoneof________countriesintheworld.—Yes.Ithasmuch________historythantheUS.A．older;longest B．older;longer C．theoldest;longest D．theoldest;longer【答案】D【詳解】句意：——中國(guó)是世界上最古老的國(guó)家之一?！堑?，中國(guó)的歷史比美國(guó)的歷史更悠久?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。根據(jù)句型oneof+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)“最……之一”可知，第一空填theoldest；根據(jù)than可知用比較級(jí)，much修飾比較級(jí)，因此第二空填longer。故選D。二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空11．Thisisthe(good)jacketinourshopanditisalsothemostexpensive.【答案】best【詳解】句意：這是我們店里最好的夾克衫，也是最貴的。根據(jù)“inourshop”可知此處是the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍，所以空處應(yīng)用good的最高級(jí)best修飾名詞jacket。故填best。12．Ibelievethatthereis(little)pollutionthanbeforeasthegovernmentcarriesoutgarbagesorting.【答案】less【詳解】句意：我相信，由于政府進(jìn)行垃圾分類，污染比以前少了。根據(jù)“thanbefore”可知，此處應(yīng)使用比較級(jí)less，故填less。13．Themoreyouhelpothers,the(happy)youwillbe.【答案】happier【詳解】句意：你幫助別人越多，你就會(huì)越快樂(lè)。根據(jù)“Themoreyouhelpothers,the...youwillbe.”可知，此處是“The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，故填happier。14．Thisdictionaryismuch(expensive)thanthatstorybook.【答案】moreexpensive【詳解】句意：這本字典比那本故事書貴得多。根據(jù)“than”可知，空處用比較級(jí)，expensive的比較級(jí)形式為moreexpensive。故填moreexpensive。15．Ithinkprimaryschoollifeisoneof(wonderful)timesinmylife.【答案】themostwonderful【詳解】句意：我認(rèn)為小學(xué)生活是我一生中最美好的時(shí)光之一。根據(jù)“Ithinkprimaryschoollifeisoneof...(wonderful)timesinmylife.”可知，此處指“一生中最美好的時(shí)光之一”，oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示“最……之一”，形容詞wonderful的最高級(jí)形式mostwonderful。故填themostwonderful。一、完形填空（2023上·遼寧沈陽(yáng)·八年級(jí)沈陽(yáng)市第七中學(xué)?？迹㎡neday,astrongwoodcutterfoundanewjobatatimber（木材）pany.Becausehewas16thepayandthework,themandecidedtoworkashardashecould.Hisbossgavehimanaxe（斧子）andtoldhim17heshouldworkbyshowinghimaround.Onhisfirstday,thewoodcuttercutdown21trees.“Amazing!Goodforyou!”hisbosssaid.“Keepgoing!”Afterhearinghisboss’swords,thewoodcutterdecidedtoworkharderthenextday,18tohissurprise,hecouldonlycutdown18trees.Onthethirdday,althoughhedidhisbest,hefinallybrought19treesback.Dayafterday,themancoulddonothingbutcutdownfewerandfewertrees.“Whydoesmystrength20?”thewoodcutterthought.Hewenttohisbossandsaidthathecouldnotunderstandwhatwasgoingon.“Whenwasthe21timeyousharpened（磨）youraxe?”hisbossasked.“Sharpen?Ihave22timetosharpenmyaxe.Iamalwaysbusytryingtocutdowntrees.”O(jiān)urlivesarelikethat.Attimeswegetsobusythatwedon’thavetimetosharpenour“axe”.Intoday’sworld,itseemsthateveryoneisbusierthanever,butmuch23.Whyisthis?Thereis24wrongwithactivityandhardwork.Maybeitisbecauseweforgethowtostay“sharp（鋒利）”.Wespendlittletime25soweloseourefficiency（效率）.Thenweourselvesbeemoreupsetandworried.Whataboutyou?Haveyousharpenedyouraxetoday?16．A．happywith B．a(chǎn)ngryat C．sadabout D．worriedabout17．A．when B．where C．what D．why18．A．if B．because C．but D．so19．A．twelve B．eighteen C．fifty D．thirty20．A．lose B．work C．end D．disappear21．A．first B．last C．third D．second22．A．no B．some C．a(chǎn)ny D．much23．A．happier B．lazy C．lesshappy D．unhappy24．A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．everything25．A．doingexercise B．toworkhard C．todevelop D．improvingskills【答案】16．A17．B18．C19．A20．D21．B22．A23．C24．C25．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文通過(guò)一個(gè)伐木工因忙著砍樹而忽略了磨斧子這個(gè)故事告訴我們，我們?cè)诿β档耐瑫r(shí)也要記得提高我們自己的技能。16．句意：因?yàn)樗麑?duì)薪水和這份工作很滿意，所以他決定盡可能努力工作。happywith對(duì)……滿意；angryat對(duì)……生氣；sadabout為……難過(guò)；worriedabout對(duì)……擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)后句“themandecidedtoworkashardashecould”可推知，伐木工對(duì)薪水和工作滿意。故選A。17．句意：他的老板給了他一把斧頭，帶他四處走走，告訴他應(yīng)該在哪里工作。when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；where哪里；what什么；why為什么。根據(jù)空后“byshowinghimaround”可知，此處指告訴他應(yīng)該在哪里工作。故選B。18．句意：聽(tīng)到老板的話后，伐木工決定第二天更加努力，但令他驚訝的是，他只能砍伐18棵樹。if如果；because因?yàn)?；but但是；so因此。根據(jù)“Onhisfirstday,thewoodcuttercutdown21trees”可知第二天他只砍倒18棵樹，對(duì)此他感到驚訝，前后語(yǔ)意表示轉(zhuǎn)折。故選C。19．句意：第三天，盡管他盡了最大的努力，但他最終帶回了十二棵樹。twelve十二；eighteen十八；fifty五十；thirty三十。根據(jù)后句“Dayafterday,themancoulddonothingbutcutdownfewerandfewertrees.”可知，應(yīng)是他帶回來(lái)的樹越來(lái)越少，第一天是21棵，第二天是18棵，那么此處應(yīng)是12棵。故選A。20．句意：“為什么我的力量消失了？”伐木工想。lose丟掉；work工作；end結(jié)束；disappear消失。根據(jù)上句“Dayafterday,themancoulddonothingbutcutdownfewerandfewertrees.”可知，砍伐的樹木越來(lái)越少，他在疑惑為什么力量不見(jiàn)了。故選D。21．句意：“你上次磨斧頭是什么時(shí)候？”他的老板問(wèn)。first第一；last最近的；third第三；second第二。根據(jù)下文“Sharpen?I…sharpenmyaxe.Iamalwaysbusytryingtocutdowntrees.”可知，此處指老板問(wèn)他最近一次磨斧子是什么時(shí)候。故選B。22．句意：我沒(méi)有時(shí)間磨斧頭。no沒(méi)有；some一些；any一些；much更多。根據(jù)下句“Iamalwaysbusytryingtocutdowntrees.”可知，此處指伐木工只顧著砍樹，沒(méi)有時(shí)間磨斧頭。故選A。23．句意：在當(dāng)今世界，似乎每個(gè)人都比以往任何時(shí)候都忙，但也沒(méi)有那么快樂(lè)。happier更快樂(lè)；lazy懶惰的；lesshappy不那么快樂(lè)；unhappy不快樂(lè)；根據(jù)下文“Thenweourselvesbeemoreupsetandworried.”可知，雖然更忙，但是更不快樂(lè)了，空前的much修飾比較級(jí)，因此填比較級(jí)的否定形式，D項(xiàng)不是比較級(jí)形式。故選C。24．句意：活動(dòng)和努力工作兩方面都沒(méi)有問(wèn)題。something某些事情；anything任何事情；nothing沒(méi)有事情；everything每件事情。根據(jù)后句“Maybeitisbecauseweforgethowtostay“sharp（鋒利）”可知，此處指活動(dòng)和努力工作兩方面都沒(méi)有問(wèn)題。故選C。25．句意：我們很少花時(shí)間提高技能，因此我們失去了效率。doingexercise做練習(xí)；toworkhard努力工作；todevelop發(fā)展；improvingskills提高技能。根據(jù)后句“soweloseourefficiency（效率）.”可知，應(yīng)是不知如何提高技能所以效率不高，根據(jù)“Wespendlittletime”可知符合句式spendtimedoingsth,空處填doing形式。故選D。二、閱讀理解（2023上·廣東廣州·八年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）TheFlowbeewasinventedinthelate1980s.Whatisit?Itisaspecialkindofmachine.Itcutshairwithlittlemess.TheFlowbeewasmadebyanAmericanmanwhobuiltthingswithwood.In1987,RickHuntwasworkinginhiswoodshop.Alotofwoodwascutintheshop,solittlepiecesofwoodwereeverywhere.Theywereontheground,onHunt’sshirtandeveninhishair.Theshophadabigvacuum（真空吸塵器）forcleaning.Huntusedittocleannotonlytheshop,butalsohimself.Thepiecesofwoodwereeasilysucked（吸）fromhisclothesandhishair.AsHuntusedthevacuumtocleanhishair,hegotanidea.“Thiswouldbeagoodwaytocuthairwithlessmess,”hethought.Headdedsomespecialpartstoamonvacuum.Inthisway,thefirstFlowbeeswereborn.ThosefirstFlowbeesweresoldoutofHunt’shome.Then,afallfestivalwasheldnearHunt’shome.HetookallofhisFlowbeesthere,andalotofpeopleboughtthem.Next,HuntwentontelevisionwiththeFlowbee.MoreandmoreFlowbeesweresold.MorethanamillionFlowbeesweresoldinAmericaoverthenexttenyears.Today,thisinterestingmachineissoldtopeoplearoundtheworld.Hunt’scleverwaytocuthairreallyworks.Sometimesgreatideasefromsurprisingplaces.26．WhatkindofmachineistheFlowbee?A．Afunnymachinetodryhair. B．Ausefulmachinetocuthair.C．Amodernmachinetocutwood. D．Asmartmachinetocleanthefloor.27．Paragraph2mainlytalksabout________.A．whentheFlowbeewasinvented B．whattheFlowbeewasusedforC．wheretheFlowbeewasinvented D．howtheideaoftheFlowbeecame28．WhichofthefollowingabouttheFlowbeeisTRUE?A．HuntaddedsomepartstoavacuumtoinventtheFlowbee.B．ThousandsofHunt’sFlowbeesweresoldoutofhishouse.C．AmillionpeopleknewaboutFlowbeesatthefallfestival.D．PeoplearoundtheworldcouldbuyFlowbeesinthe1980s.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．It’snevertoooldtolearn.C．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D．Successmayefromcreativity.【答案】26．B27．D28．A29．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了Flowbee的發(fā)明過(guò)程。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whatisit?Itisaspecialkindofmachine.Itcutshairwithlittlemess.”可知，它是一個(gè)有用的剪頭發(fā)的機(jī)器。故選B。27．段落大意題。根據(jù)“Alotofwoodwascutintheshop,solittlepiecesofwoodwereeverywhere.Theywereontheground,onHunt’sshirtandeveninhishair.Theshophadabigvacuum（真空吸塵器）forcleaning.Huntusedittocleannotonlytheshop,butalsohimself.”（商店里切了很多木頭，所以到處都是小木頭。它們?cè)诘厣?，在亨特的襯衫上，甚至在他的頭發(fā)上。這家商店有一臺(tái)大吸塵器用來(lái)清潔。亨特不僅用它來(lái)清潔商店，還用它來(lái)清潔自己。）可知，第二段主要講述了Flowbee的想法是怎么來(lái)的。故選D。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Headdedsomespecialpartstoamonvacuum.Inthisway,thefirstFlowbeeswereborn.”可知，亨特在吸塵器中添加了一些部件，發(fā)明了“Flowbee”。故選A。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AsHuntusedthevacuumtocleanhishair,hegotanidea.‘Thiswouldbeagoodwaytocuthairwithlessmess,’hethought.”以及“Headdedsomespecialpartstoamonvacuum.Inthisway,thefirstFlowbeeswereborn.”可知，里克是為了剪頭發(fā)不那么亂發(fā)明了這個(gè)機(jī)器，所以成功可能來(lái)自于創(chuàng)造力。故選D。三、語(yǔ)法填空（2023下·廣東深圳·八年級(jí)深圳市福田區(qū)蓮花中學(xué)校考開學(xué)考試）根據(jù)句子意思，用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，未提供單詞的根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。Chinaisacountrywithrichculture.EachdifferentpartofChinahas30(it)ownspecialformsoftraditionalart.Theseusuallytrytoshowtheimportantthingsinlife,suchaslove,beautyandfamily.AccordingtoChinesehistory,skylanternswere31(one)usedbyZhugeKongming.Hesentthemouttoaskforhelpwhenintrouble.Today,skylanternsareusedatfestivalsandother32(celebrate).They33(make)ofbamboo(竹子)andcoveredwithpaper.Whenthelanternsarelit,theyslowlyriseintotheairlikesmallhotairballoonsforalltosee.Theyareseenasbrightsymbolsof34(happy)andgoodwishes.Papercutting35(be)aroundforover1500years.Papercuttingsoundsveryeasy36itcanbedifficulttodo.Thepaper,usuallyred,isfolded(折疊)beforeitiscutwithscissors.TheMostmonpicturesareflowersandanimals.DuringtheSpringFestival,theyareputonwindows,doorsandwallsassymbolsofwishesforgoodluckandahappynewyear.Chineseclay(陶土)artisfamousbecausetheclaypiecesareas37(small)asricebuttheylookveryreal.ThepiecesareusuallylovelychildrenorlivelycharactersfromaChinesehistoricalstory.Thepiecesare38(careful)shaped(塑形)byhandfromaveryspecialkindofclayandthenallowedtoairdry.Theyarethenpainted.Ittakesseveralweeks39(plete)everything.ThesesmallpiecesofclayshowthelovethatallChinesepeoplehaveforlifeandbeauty.【答案】30．its31．first32．celebrations33．a(chǎn)remade34．happiness35．hasbeen36．but37．sma