考點12非謂語動詞-2022年中考英語學(xué)及題型分類突破練（原卷版）

考點12非謂語動詞【方法總結(jié)】非謂語動詞：一個簡單句只能有一個動詞做謂語，這個動詞叫謂語動詞；在這個簡單句中，其他沒有做謂語的動詞，不管有多少個，都不能做謂語，這些動詞就叫非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞包括：動詞不定式todo動名詞doing現(xiàn)在分詞doing過去分詞done一、非謂語動詞的用法區(qū)別過去分詞done一般表示被動、完成的意思，所以從主動和被動方面先可以把過去分詞和動詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞區(qū)分開來。動詞不定式一般表示目的、還未發(fā)生的動作?，F(xiàn)在分詞一般表示正在進行或與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生的動作。動名詞具有名詞的特性，在句中一般做主語、賓語、表語。一、動詞不定式的用法不定式由“to＋動詞原形”構(gòu)成，其否定形式是“nottodo”。不定式可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成不定式短語。不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化，有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。不定式可以作主語、賓語、狀語、表語和定語。不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)為“介詞＋sb.(sth.)＋todo”，其中“介詞＋sb.(sth.)”表明不定式動作的發(fā)出者，為邏輯主語。1.

不定式的用法：(1)作主語。不定式短語作主語時，為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，常將不定式短語放在謂語之后，而用it作形式主語。Itisourdutytogiveasmuchhelpaspossible.

提供盡可能多的幫助是我們的職責。(2)作賓語。常見的只跟不定式作賓語的動詞(組)有want,wish,hope,expect,wouldlike(love),care,choose,learn,plan,prepare,mean,agree,promise,offer,refuse,ask,beg,decide,makeupone’smind,bedetermined,manage,try,can’tafford,fail,pretend等。(3)作賓語補足語。常見的跟不定式作賓補的動詞有ask,order,advise,like,want,teach,force,forbid,beg,allow,expect,cause,invite,tell,know,callon,dependon,waitfor等。Thechildrenaskedtheirparentstotakethemtothepark.。孩子們要求父母帶他們?nèi)ス珗@。感官動詞后，如

see,watch,lookat,observe,notice,hear,listento,feel及部分表示“使”、“讓”的使役動詞，如have,make,let

跟不定式作賓補時要省略不定式符號to。但在被動語態(tài)中to

要加上。Thoughhehadoftenmadehissistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhissister.盡管他總是弄哭他妹妹，今天卻被妹妹弄哭了。help后的不定式作賓補(包括作賓語)to

可有可無。(4)作表語。Myjobistohelpthepatient.

我的工作是幫助病人。要注意不定式作表語與“betodo”結(jié)構(gòu)的不同：不定式作表語說明主語的性質(zhì)或內(nèi)容，而“betodo”結(jié)構(gòu)表示安排要做的事情。①Mynextplanistodrawapictureforthehouse.(不定式作表語)我下一個計劃是為這座房子畫一幅圖。②Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatsix.(betodo表示安排)我們約好六點在學(xué)校門口見面。(5)作定語①表示將來的動作。Themeetingtobeheldnextweekwillbeofgreatimportance.。下周將要舉行的會議極為重要。②

用在固定搭配中。IwillgotoShanghaitomorrow.Haveyouanythingtobesenttoyourson?(6)

狀語。表示目的、原因、結(jié)果。①Theyranovertoweletheguests.

他們跑過去歡迎客人。(目的)②Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.

孩子太小不能去上學(xué)。(結(jié)果)③Wewereexcitedtohearthenews.

聽到這個消息我們激動了。(原因)動名詞動名詞的構(gòu)成動名詞由“動詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成，它具有名詞的性質(zhì)，在句子中可以作主語、表語、妄語和定話，同時又保留動詞的性質(zhì)，可以有自己的賓語和狀語。2.動名詞的基本用法用法說明例句作主語動名詞在句中作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。有時可用it作形式主語，將用作真正主語的動名詞放在句末Swimmingisitgoodforourhealth.作賓語動詞enjoy,practice,finish,mind,miss,keep,Hersisterpracticessuggest,imagine,consider等后面接動名詞作賓語HersisterpracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.作賓語某些由介詞構(gòu)成的短語動詞，如beinterestedin，beproudof,beworth,beChinese.usedto,feellike,giveup,thinkof,takepartin等之后也接動名詞作賓語WeareproudofbeingChinese.作定語通常位于名詞前Theyfoundanotherhidingplace.作表語表示主語具有抽象名詞Seeingisbelieving.注意：①英語中有一些詞或短語后面常跟動名詞作賓語。我們可按下面的順口溜記憶：完成練習(xí)值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）繼續(xù)習(xí)慣別放棄（keepon,beusedto,giveup)考慮建議不禁想(consider，suggest,can*thelp,feellike）喜歡思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind）②下列短語中的to為介詞，后面應(yīng)加動名詞作賓語。makecontributionsto...為…·做貢獻devoteoneselfto...致力于······lookforwardto...期盼…····prefer...to...比起······更喜歡····③need,require，want后接動名詞等于接不定式的被動式。Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowersneedtobewatered.三、todo

與

doing（動名詞）的區(qū)別有些動詞后使用動名詞和動詞不定式作賓語的差別

（1）forgettodo

忘記要去做某事（此事未做）

forgetdoing忘記做過某事（此事已做過或已發(fā)生）

（2）stoptodo

停止、中斷（某件事），目的是去做另一件事

stopdoing

停止正在或經(jīng)常做的事

（3）remembertodo

記住去做某事（未做）

rememberdoing記得做過某事(已做)

（4)regrettodo對要做的事遺憾

regretdoing對做過的事遺憾、后悔

（5）trytodo努力、企圖做某事

trydoing試驗、試一試某種辦法

（6)meantodo打算，有意要…

meandoing意味著

（7）goontodo

繼而（去做另外一件事情）

goondoing

繼續(xù)（原先沒有做完的事情）

（8）proposetodo

打算（要做某事）

proposingdoing建議（做某事）

（9)like/love/hate/prefer+todo

表示具體行為；+doingsth

表示抽象、傾向概念（注)如果這些動詞前有should一詞，其后賓語只跟不定式，不能跟動名詞。例如：

Ishouldliketoseehimtomorrow．5)need,want,deserve(值得，需要),require+動名詞主動形式可表被動意義；+不定式需用被動形式表被動意義。Thewatchneedsrepairing.Thewatchneedstoberepaired.6)在allow(充許),advise（建議）,permit（同意）,remend（推薦）,consider（）考慮,forbid（禁止）等動詞后，直接加非謂語做賓語用動名詞；后若跟名詞或代詞做賓語時，非謂語做賓補時用不定式；例：Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.Wearen’tallowedtosmokhere.7)beworth后，不管主動被動都用doing,不用被動形式；beworthy

后，若表被動，可用tobedone/ofbeingdone;Thefilmwasworthseeing.

那部電影值得看。Thefilmwasworthytobeseen/ofbeingseen.那部電影值得看。四、分詞1.分詞的構(gòu)成分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞由“動詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成；過去分詞的基本形式是“動詞原形+ed”，但也有不規(guī)則的形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞有主動、進行之意。過去分詞有被動、完成之意。2.分詞的基本用法用法例句說明作定語Doyouknowthegirlstandingunderthetree?Pleasehandinyourwrittenexercises.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，邏輯主語是它所修飾的詞;過去分詞作定語，其邏輯賓語是它所修飾的詞作狀語Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語為句子的主語做表語Thebookwasratherboring.現(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征，過去分詞表示某種狀態(tài)作補語Don'tkeepuswaitingforalongtime.He'llhavehishaircutafterschool.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，賓語是它的邏輯主語；過去分詞作賓語補足語，賓語是它的邏輯賓語3.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別（1）在語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動意義，過去分詞表示被動意義。如：amovingfilm一部感人的電影themovedpeople被感動的人們（2）在時間上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行的動作，過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的動作。如：developingcountries發(fā)展中國家developedcountries發(fā)達國家4.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補與不定式作賓補的區(qū)別我們常見的動詞如see,watch,notice,hear等，接不帶to的不定式作賓補，表示已經(jīng)完成了的或經(jīng)常性的動作；接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補，表示正在進行的動作。如：Iheardhimsingingintheclassroom.我聽到他正在教室里唱歌。(“唱”這個動作正在進行)Iheardhimsingintheclassroom.我聽到他在教室里唱歌了。(“唱”這個動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)Isawhimgoingupthestairs.我看見他正在上樓。（“上樓”這個動作正在進行）Isawhimgoupthestairs.我看見他上樓了。(“上樓”這個動作已經(jīng)完成)5.havesb.dosth.,havesb./sth.doingsth.和havesth.done的區(qū)別（1）havesb.dosth.意為“讓某人做某事”，have可以用let或make代替。不定式往往表示一次性的具體動作，且強調(diào)動作已經(jīng)完成或尚未發(fā)生。如：Thesoldiershadtheboystandwithhisbacktohisfather.士兵們讓這個男孩背對他的父親站著。（2)havesb./sth.doingsth.意為“讓某人/物一直做某事”。have可以用keep代替，現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）所表示的動作往往具有持續(xù)進行的含義。如：Thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong.那兩個男人讓燈通宵亮著。（3)havesth.done意為“讓別人做某事”，即asksb.elsetodosth.,過去分詞（done）所表示的動作由他人（非主語本身）來完成。如：Thedriverhadhiscarwashedonceaweek.這個司機一周讓人洗一次車。【精選例題】1.Fredhopes________hisspokenEnglish,sohepracticesiteveryday.AimproveB.improvesC.improvingD.toimprove2.Tolivealowcarbonlife,wemustremember_____thelightswhenweleavetheroom.A.toturnoff B.turningoff C.nottoturnoff3..—Ihavetrouble_______thenewword.Canyouhelpme?—Sure.Youcanlookitupinthedictionary.A.understanding B.tounderstand C.understand D.understood4.Mr.Greenrefuses_______sweetfood.Shedoesn’twanttogetfat.A.eat B.eating C.toeat5.You’dbetter______hardfromnowon,______youwillfailintheexam.A.work;andB.working;orC.working;andD.work;or6.—Wouldyoulike______afilmwithustonight?—Sorry,Ihavetohelpmymotherdohousework.A.seeB.toseeC.seeingD.toseeing7.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Allofusneedafriend________.A.totalkwith B.talkingwith C.totalk8.Michaelvisitsmanywebsites_______aboutChineseculture.A.learnB.learnedC.tolearn9.YunnanMuseumissuchaninterestingplacethatmanykidshavefun______it.A.visitingB.tovisitC.readingD.toread10.Tomysurprised,Danielparentsallowedhim______ShanghaiDisneylandwithme.A. tovisitB.visitingC.visitD.visits11.—Whywereyouangrywithyourdaughter?—Shewasbusy______andtakingselfies(自拍)whenIwastalkingtoher.A.texting B.totext C.text D.texted12.—Mybestfriendwentabroad.Imissherandfeeldowntoday.—Don’tbesad.Hereisgoodnewsforyou_______.A.cheerupB.cheeringupC.cheeredupD.tocheerup13.YaoMing,abasketballgiant,_______waterpolowhenhewasyoung.A.isplayingB.usedtoplayC.isusedtoplayingD.wasplaying14..—Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.—I’msorry,butmyfatherandIplanned________Beijingalongtimeago.A.visit B.visiting C.tovisit D.visited15.—Hello,Lucy,pleasegivemesome______onhowtoimprovemyEnglish!—You’dbetterkeep______moreEnglishbooks.A.advices;read B.advice;read C.advice;reading D.advices;reading16.Peopleenjoy______zongziontheDragonBoatFestival. A.eat B.eating C.toeat17.Theseforeignersarepracticing_______ChineseA.tospeak B.speaking C.speak D.speaks18.HongKongDisneylandiswellworth______.A.tovisit B.visited C.visit D.visiting19.Isawher______flowersinthegardenwhenIpassedby.A.towater B.water C.watering D.watered20.Businessmenprefer_______emailstomunicatewitheachotherratherthan______phonecalls.A.write,make B.towrite,make C.towrite,tomake D.write,tomake21.IliketheTVprogramTheReaderbest.Ithinkweshouldspendasmuchtimeaswecaninoursparetime.A.read B.toread C.reading D.reads23.MissChen,mydearEnglishteacher,oftenencouragesme_____thechallengesinmystudy.A.face B.faces C.facing D.toface24.Smartphones_____byHuaweiaregettingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld.A.made B.making C.tomake25.Motherasksme Englisheverymorning.A.read B.toread C.reading D.notread26.—WhatshouldIdo,doctor?—________healthy,youshouldtakemoreexercise.A.Keep B.Keeping C.keep27.—Myuncleisagainstwastinganything.—Nowonderhewouldrathertheoldbikethananewone.A.repair；tobuyB.torepair；buyC.repair；buy28.Thegovernmentissettingupnatureparks,______protectpandas.A.tohelp B.help C.helped D.helps29.Hetookoffhisexpensivewatch______thefactthathewasrich.A.tohide B.hid C.hide D.hidden30.一Doyoualwaysgetupsoearly? —Yes, thefirstbus.Myhomeisfarawayfromschool.A.catch B.tocatch C.catching D.caught31.Theteachersoftentellus________intheriver.It’sdangerous.A.notswim B.don’tswim C.notswimming D.nottoswim32.Timeislimited!You’dbetter_______yourtimeanymore.A.nottowasteB.wasteC.notwaste33.Myparentsdon’tallowme_______TVonschoolnights.A.towatch B.watch C.watches D.watching34.Heranasfastashecould________thebusbuthefailed.A.catch B.tocatch C.caught35.Bettyisoftenseen______thelonelyoldmanwithhishousework.A.help. B.helping C.helps D.helped36.Bettyisoftenseenthelonelyoldmanwithhishousework.A.help B.helping C.helps D.helped37.Lilyenjoys________afilmattheweekend.A.see B.tosee C.seeing38.Weshouldkeepthewindowsinordertoletthefreshairin.A.openedB.openingC.open39.Kidslikereadingstorieswhichcanmakethem______.A.laugh B.tolaugh C.laughing40.—Betty,IamnotgoodatEnglish.Couldyouhelpme,please？—Sure.I’lldowhatIcanyouimproveyourEnglish.A.help B.tohelp C.helping41.—Jimmy,Idon’tlikemyclassmateBob.Heissonoisy.—Oh,soheis.Butyoucannotavoid_______him.Hesitsnexttoyou.A.meet B.tomeet C.meeting D.tomeeting42.—HaveyoueverheardthatChinaisbuildinganationwide5Gnetwork?—Right.5Gwillallowus______Englishmoviesfasterthanever.A.download B.downloads C.todownload D.downloading43.—eandsee!Thebabyiscrying.—Pleasedosomethingtomakehim_______.A.stopcrying B.stoptocry C.crying D.cry44.—Inmyopinion,animalsshouldn’tbekeptforfun.—Ithinkso.Forestsarethebestplacesforanimals_________.A.live B.living C.tolive D.tolivein45._________,hehastolistentotapeseveryday.A.TolearnEnglishwell B.LearnEnglishwellC.LearningEnglishwell46.Inhisemail,Davidpromised_______hisdaughterduringherstayinJapan.A.visiting B.visit C.visited D.tovisit47.MrWukeeps_________hisstudentsthatthefuturebelongstothewelleducated.A.telling B.totell C.ordering D.toorder48.—Daniel,doyouknowthatbeesnevergetlost.—Yes,Beesalwaysremember______thesamewayastheywent.A.ebackB.camebackC.ingbackD.toeback49.—WhereisMike?—Isawhim________withMr.Smithinthehallwayjustnow.A.totalkB.talkingC.talkedD.talks50.—Whattimedoyougetupinthemorningonschooldays?—Igetupat7:00everymorningtoavoid________theearlybus.A.missB.missedC.missingD.tomiss51.—Whataheavyrain!—Soitis.Iprefer________ratherthan________onsucharainyday.A.togoout,stayingathome B.stayingathome,gooutC.goingout,stayathome D.tostayathome,goout52.—John,remember_______offthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.—Noproblem!A.turn B.turned C.toturn54.—HowdoyoupracticeyourspokenEnglish,Andrew?—By_______Englishwithmyclassmates.A.tospeakB.speakingC.speak

56..—Myfather_________tohisworkplacebybus,butnowhe__________therebybike.—Really?Youhaveanenvironmentallyfriendlyfather.A.usedtogo,isusedtogoB.usedtogoing,isusedtogoC.isusedtogo,isusedtogoing D.usedtogo,isusedtogoing56.—Look!Thereisaman______Taijineartheriver.—Wow!It’smyteacher,MrWu.A.performB.performsC.performingD.performed57.—HowdoyouimproveyourspokenEnglish?—Bypracticing______tomyteachersandclassmates.A.talking B.totalk C.talk58.Myteacherdoesn’tallowus________intheclassroom.A.eatingB.toeatC.ate59.Wearesupposed______somehouseworkwithourparentswhenwehavefreetime.A.toshare B.sharing C.shared D.share60.Youngpeopleareencouragedtoworkhard______theirowndreams.A.achieve B.achieves C.toachieve D.achieved61.Heexplainedagainandagaininordertomakewhathedid________.A.understandB.understoodC.tounderstandD.understanding62.—Listen!

Who

is

singing

in

the

next

room?——It

must

be

Sally.

I

often

hear

her________there.A.

singing B.

sings C.

to

sing D.

sing63.Look.Samisdoingsome_____inthelibrary.A.toreadB.readingC.read64.—Doyoustillremember_______thisgroupoffriendsin2013?—Yes.ButIforgetwhereI_______them.A.seeing；meetB.tosee；metC.seeing；metD.seeing；meeting65.Heoftentakestime_________summerholidaywithhisgrandparents.A.tospendB.spendC.spentD.spending66.Evanshadasorethroat.Hisfiendadvisedhim______somehotwater.A.drinking B.todrink C.drink D.drank67.WhenIsawmyfather_____formeonacoldwinternight.Icouldn’tkeepbackmytears.A.wait B.waited C.towait D.waiting68.Ourparentswon’tallowusintheriveralone.A.swim B.toswim C.swimming D.swam69.Everymorning,Timoftenseesgroupsofmiddleagedwomeninthesquare.A.dance B.todance C.dincese D.danced70.Tom,theumbrellawithyou.Lookattheclouds,it’sgoingtorain!A.taking B.takes C.take71.Bob’sfathercan’tstandsoapoperas.HeenjoyssportsgamesonTV.A.watch B.towatch C.watching D.watched72.–Tom,whyhaveyoudecided________Chinesefolkmusicasacourse?BecauseIlikeChinesecultureverymuch.A.takeB.takenC.totakeD.taking73.Ourteacheroftentellsusintheriver.It'sdangerous.A.notswim B.nottoswim C.toswim D.swimming74.Jimwenttothelibrary______somesciencemagazinesyesterday.A.borrow B.borrows C.toborrow D.borrowed75.Chineseparentsalwaystrytheirbestagoodeducationenvironmentfortheirkids.A.provideB.toprovideC.providing76. Igotomygrandparents’home________withtheirhouseworkeverySunday.A.help B.helped C.tohelp D.helping77.Thisafternoonwe’regoingtohaveanEnglishclass,remember______yourbook.A.tofinish B.tobring C.bringing78.Wouldyoumind______downthemusic?It’stoonoisy.A.toturnB.turningC.turn79.Peoplearesupposed________handswhentheymeetforthefirsttimeinAmerica.A.shakingB.toshakeC.shake80.Mymotherdoesn’tallowme______outsidetoolateonschoolnights.A.tostayB.stayC.staying81.Nowadays,mostpeoplepreferto______putergamesratherthan_______books.A.play;readingB.play;readC.playing;reading82.Afterlongyearsofwar,manypeopleinSyriaarehomeless.Ithinkitimportantapeacefulworld.A.build B.notbuild C.tobuild D.nottobuild83.Thepolicemanwarnedtheman______afterdrinking.A.nottodrive B.todrive C.driving84.Parentsshouldalwaystelltheirkids________withstrangers.A.nottotalk B.nottalking C.tonottalk D.nottalk85.Pleasestop________andgooutforawalk.Remember________warmclothes.A.tostudy;wearing B.studying;towearC.tostudy;towearD.studying;wearing86.—Sam,don’tforgetthebooktothelibrarytomorrow.—OK,Iwon’t.A.return B.returning C.returned D.toreturn87.Wesetupthisgroup______disabledpeoplelikeBenSmith.A.helpB.tohelpC.helping88.—Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithme,Tom？—Sorry,butourteachersalwaystellus________intheriver.A.don’tswim B.notswimming C.nottoswim D.tonotswim89.—Canyouetomybirthdaypartytonight?—Yes,I’dloveto.ButIhavetofinish_____myEnglishhomeworkfirst.A.doingB.todoC.does90.Mr.Zhouisgoodatcookingandhehasdecided______hisownrestaurant.A.openB.openedC.toopenD.opening91.Suepractises______theviolinhardandoftengiveswonderfulperformances.A.playB.playedC.toplayD.playing92.It’snecessaryforus_______Englishwell.A.tolearnB.learningC.learn93.Thetrafficisterriblybusyinthemorning.You’dbetteravoid________inthecenterofthecity.A.driveB.drivingC.todriveD.driven94.—Excuseme.Doyouknow_______?—Sorry,Idon’tknow,either.A.howtocheckoutabookB.whenwilltheconcertbeginC.thatthereisabanknearhereD.howlongthemeetingwouldlast95.—Mollyhaschangedsomuch!She_____beshyandquiet.—Year.Butnowshe_____speakinginfrontofclass.A.usedto;isusedtoB.isusedto;usedtoC.usedto;usedto96.Theyaskedtheirsonthebedlastweekend.A.tomakeB.makingC.made97.—MrWuhasremendedmanybooks.Haveyoudecided______first？—Yes.TheLittlePrince.howtoreadB.whichtoreadC.whentoreadD.wheretoread98..—Let’s_______tothemovies!—I’msorry.Imust_______myhomeworkfirst.A.going;doB.go;doingC.go;doD.going;doing99.Itoftentakesmetwohours

______

myhomeworkintheevening.A.doB.doingC.todo100.—CouldIgoswimmingwithmyfriend,dad?一No,it’sverydangerousforyoukids_________swimmingwithoutadults.A.goB.goingC.togoD.went101.—Youshoulddowhatyoucan yourEnglish,LiMing.—OK,Iwill.Thankyou,Ms.Hu.A.improve B.toimprove C.improving D.improved102.—Tom,haveyoueverreadthebook《ATaleofTwoCities》_______byCharlesDickens?—Yes,Ifinishedreadingitlastwintervocation．A.wrote B.towrite C.writing D.written103.Inorderforthepetition,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.A.nottobelate B.notbeinglateC.tobelate D.beinglate104.—Youlookworried.You’dbetteryourproblemwithothers.—Oh,yes.aproblemislikecuttingitinhalf.A.share,Sharing B.sharing,ToshareC.toshare,Toshare D.share,Shared105.IttookusoneweekthisarticlebyMoYan.A.read,written B.toread,writtenC.reading,towrite D.toread,towrite106.—I’dlovetogohikingwithyou,butIhavemuchhomework______.—Ifyoudon’tgo,______.A.todo；sodoIB.todo；norwillIC.doing；sowillID.do；neitheramI107.—Jack,remember______offthelightswhen______yourbedroom.—OK,Iwon’tforget,Mom.A.turning;leavingB.