五種簡單句課件高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

FiveTypesofSimpleSentences

簡單句的五種類型分類說明例句簡單句由一個主語或并列主語和一個謂語或并列謂語構(gòu)成的句子。即一套主謂關(guān)系。1.TomandIfoundherthere.2.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.并列句由并列連詞（and,so,but,or等）把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。1.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.2.Workhardoryouwillfallbehind.復(fù)合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子1.Ibelieveyouareright.2.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.句子分類FiveTypesofSimpleSentences:1.主語+不及物動詞2.主語+及物動詞+賓語3.主語+系動詞+表語4.主語+動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語5.主語+動詞+賓語+賓補S+VS+V+OS+V+PS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+C簡單句的五種基本結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Thesunrises.2.Idon’tlikebasketball.3.Dannyistired.4.Heshowsmeabook.5.Ifoundtheoldmaningoodhealth主語+不及物動詞主語+及物動詞+賓語主語+系動詞+表語主語+動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+動詞+賓語+賓補________________________________________________________________________________基本句型一Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋謂）1.Time2.Thesun3.Theman4.Everybodyflies.rises.cooked.laughed．此句型中動詞是不及物動詞,能表達完整意思，沒有直接賓語。例如：Thewaterisboiling.Theyhavebeenwaitingthereforhours.Theflagsarewavinginthewind.giveup,insiston,feellike,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto,bebusyin,等e.g.HewillkeeptryingoutnewideassohecanhelpfarmersaroundChina.Nomatterwhatdifficultiesyoumeet,donotgiveupyourdream.有些不及物動詞加上介詞構(gòu)成動詞短語可帶賓語：

基本句型二Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋謂＋賓）ＳＶ（及物動詞）Ｏ(賓語)1.Who

2.She3.I4.I5.Iknowslaughatwantdon’tknowenjoytheanswer?her.tohaveacupoftea.whattodo.livinghere.此句型中的謂語動詞是及物動詞，必須跟一個賓語，才能使意思完整，而賓語成分的多樣化使這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。例如：1.Hehasasister.2.Theywantedtohavearest.3.Shecarriedoutherplan.

4.HelikeswatchingTV.

常見的后跟動詞不定式做賓語動詞有：agree,choose,decide,expect,fail,hope,wish,manage,offer,plan,refuse,want等e.g.Hemanaged

toescapefromthefire.常見的只能接動名詞作賓語的動詞有：admit，allow，avoid，consider，delay，deny，dislike，enjoy，escape,fancy,finish,imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,risk,stop,suggest等。e.g.Youshouldavoidmentioninghisdivorce.常見的后面皆可以接動名詞，也可以接不定式做賓語的動詞：attempt，begin,continue,fear,forget,hate,help,intend,learn,like,love,need,prefer,regret,remember,start,stop,try,want.等StoptalkingStoptotalkIcan’thelplaughingIcan’thelptocleantheofficeRegrettellingRegrettotellForgetpostingtheletterForgettoposttheletterRemembersendingherane-mailRemembertosendherane-mail有些動詞后接動名詞與不定式，意思會有所不同。

基本句型三Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）ＳＶ（及物）ｏ（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）1.I2.Heshowedboughthimmemypictures.abeautifulskirt.此句型中的謂語動詞必須有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是動作的直接承受者（多指物），另一個是動作的間接賓語（多指人）。若要先說出直接賓語，后說間接賓語，則要借助與介詞to或for。Heboughtmeabeautifulskirt.Heboughtabeautifulskirtforme.例如：1.Shebroughtmeashirt.2.MymotherPasshimthedictionary.3.Ilendhimmybicycle.4.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.

用to側(cè)重指動作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。用for

側(cè)重指動作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語的動詞有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing等。Attention

基本句型四Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補）ＳＶ（及物）Ｏ（賓語）Ｃ（賓補）1.We2.They3.We4.Ikeepcallaskedsaw

thetablesupperhimthem

clean.dinner.tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.

此句型中謂語動詞除了跟一個賓語外，還需跟一個補充成分來補足賓語，才能使意思完整。例如:1.WecallhimXiaoLiu.2.Thenewsmademehappy.3.Hekeepshishandbehindhisback.4.Thestorymadeuslaugh.5.Heheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.e.g.Hewantmetobecareful.Heaskedmetomarryhim.常見的用不定式做賓語補足語的動詞有：動詞+賓語+不定式（todo）want,ask,wish,allow,forbid,encourage,force,invite,order,persuade,tell,advise等。e.g.Isawhimdance./Hewasseentodance.使役動詞跟不定式做賓語補足語是省略不定式符號“to”，被動情況下不省。使役動詞：make/have/let(不省to)感官類；feel/hear/see/notice/watch/observe其他：keep/leave/get(帶to)Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.基本句型五Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

1.He2.Thedinner3.Theweather

issmellsbecametallandstrong.good.warmer.系動詞主要是指be動詞的各種變化形式，也包括那些有時起系動詞作用的實義動詞。此句型中謂語動詞都不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。系動詞有三類：1.表示維持類的：be,keep,stay,remain,continue,stand2.表感官類的：look,see,watch,hear,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,appear.3.表變化類的：become,get,go,run,grow,turn,fall,come,例如：1.Heisagoodstudent.2.Sheisintheclassroom.3.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.4.Thetreesturngreen.更正下列句子的錯誤Exercises:1.Hecametheroom.2.Themusicsounds.3.Ihaveseen.4.Hegaveapenme.5.Thebossmadetheboytoworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabooktome.1.Hecameintotheroom.2.Themusicsoundswonderful.3.Ihaveseenthefilm.4.Hegaveapentome.5.Thebossmadetheboyworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabookforme.After-class

ExerciseMysisterisanurse.Theyaredrinking.Theyaredrinkingtea.Theoldmanwalksinthepark.Shepassedhimthesalt.Wekeepthetableclean._______S

_V______P____S___________V____S__________V__O__________S____V___S_____V___IO______DO__S____V_______O____C判斷下面的句子是哪種句型7.Theyworkhard.8.Theflowerisdead.9.Plantsneedwater.10.Hegivesmesomeseeds.11.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.12.Manyanimalsliveintrees.____S____V________S__V____P_____S____V____O___S____V___IO_________DO___S__________V________O__________C____________S___VThespringiscoming.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswarmer.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Showmeyourbooks.Keepthemwarmatnight.S+VS+V+PS+V+OS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+CTheyworkhard.Theflowerisdead.Plantsneedwater.YoursisterdancesbeautifullyTheyprovedthattheearthwasround.Thisfoodlooksinviting.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.S+VS+V+PS+V+O主謂主謂賓主系表主謂賓Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.Heplayeddead.Shewasnicknamed“LittleRabbit”.Showmewhatyoubought.Sheneverdoubtedthatshewasright.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.主謂雙賓主謂主謂賓主謂雙賓主謂賓主謂賓賓補Hegivesmesomeseeds.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.Manyanimalsliveintrees.S+V+IO+DOS+V+O+CS+VThepalaceswerelargeandbeautiful.Horse-riding,hammerthrowandshootingaresomeofthe