五種簡單句課件高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

FiveTypesofSimpleSentences

簡單句的五種類型分類說明例句簡單句由一個(gè)主語或并列主語和一個(gè)謂語或并列謂語構(gòu)成的句子。即一套主謂關(guān)系。1.TomandIfoundherthere.2.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.并列句由并列連詞（and,so,but,or等）把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。1.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.2.Workhardoryouwillfallbehind.復(fù)合句由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子1.Ibelieveyouareright.2.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.句子分類FiveTypesofSimpleSentences:1.主語+不及物動(dòng)詞2.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語3.主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語4.主語+動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語5.主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)S+VS+V+OS+V+PS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+C簡單句的五種基本結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Thesunrises.2.Idon’tlikebasketball.3.Dannyistired.4.Heshowsmeabook.5.Ifoundtheoldmaningoodhealth主語+不及物動(dòng)詞主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語主語+動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)________________________________________________________________________________基本句型一Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋謂）1.Time2.Thesun3.Theman4.Everybodyflies.rises.cooked.laughed．此句型中動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,能表達(dá)完整意思，沒有直接賓語。例如：Thewaterisboiling.Theyhavebeenwaitingthereforhours.Theflagsarewavinginthewind.giveup,insiston,feellike,lookforwardto,stickto,beusedto,bebusyin,等e.g.HewillkeeptryingoutnewideassohecanhelpfarmersaroundChina.Nomatterwhatdifficultiesyoumeet,donotgiveupyourdream.有些不及物動(dòng)詞加上介詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語可帶賓語：

基本句型二Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋謂＋賓）ＳＶ（及物動(dòng)詞）Ｏ(賓語)1.Who

2.She3.I4.I5.Iknowslaughatwantdon’tknowenjoytheanswer?her.tohaveacupoftea.whattodo.livinghere.此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，必須跟一個(gè)賓語，才能使意思完整，而賓語成分的多樣化使這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復(fù)雜。例如：1.Hehasasister.2.Theywantedtohavearest.3.Shecarriedoutherplan.

4.HelikeswatchingTV.

常見的后跟動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語動(dòng)詞有：agree,choose,decide,expect,fail,hope,wish,manage,offer,plan,refuse,want等e.g.Hemanaged

toescapefromthefire.常見的只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：admit，allow，avoid，consider，delay，deny，dislike，enjoy，escape,fancy,finish,imagine,include,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,risk,stop,suggest等。e.g.Youshouldavoidmentioninghisdivorce.常見的后面皆可以接動(dòng)名詞，也可以接不定式做賓語的動(dòng)詞：attempt，begin,continue,fear,forget,hate,help,intend,learn,like,love,need,prefer,regret,remember,start,stop,try,want.等StoptalkingStoptotalkIcan’thelplaughingIcan’thelptocleantheofficeRegrettellingRegrettotellForgetpostingtheletterForgettoposttheletterRemembersendingherane-mailRemembertosendherane-mail有些動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)名詞與不定式，意思會(huì)有所不同。

基本句型三Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓）ＳＶ（及物）ｏ（多指人）Ｏ（多指物）1.I2.Heshowedboughthimmemypictures.abeautifulskirt.此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者（多指物），另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接賓語（多指人）。若要先說出直接賓語，后說間接賓語，則要借助與介詞to或for。Heboughtmeabeautifulskirt.Heboughtabeautifulskirtforme.例如：1.Shebroughtmeashirt.2.MymotherPasshimthedictionary.3.Ilendhimmybicycle.4.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.

用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。用for

側(cè)重指動(dòng)作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing等。Attention

基本句型四Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)）ＳＶ（及物）Ｏ（賓語）Ｃ（賓補(bǔ)）1.We2.They3.We4.Ikeepcallaskedsaw

thetablesupperhimthem

clean.dinner.tocomebacksoon.gettingonthebus.

此句型中謂語動(dòng)詞除了跟一個(gè)賓語外，還需跟一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語，才能使意思完整。例如:1.WecallhimXiaoLiu.2.Thenewsmademehappy.3.Hekeepshishandbehindhisback.4.Thestorymadeuslaugh.5.Heheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.e.g.Hewantmetobecareful.Heaskedmetomarryhim.常見的用不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：動(dòng)詞+賓語+不定式（todo）want,ask,wish,allow,forbid,encourage,force,invite,order,persuade,tell,advise等。e.g.Isawhimdance./Hewasseentodance.使役動(dòng)詞跟不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語是省略不定式符號(hào)“to”，被動(dòng)情況下不省。使役動(dòng)詞：make/have/let(不省to)感官類；feel/hear/see/notice/watch/observe其他：keep/leave/get(帶to)Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.基本句型五Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）

1.He2.Thedinner3.Theweather

issmellsbecametallandstrong.good.warmer.系動(dòng)詞主要是指be動(dòng)詞的各種變化形式，也包括那些有時(shí)起系動(dòng)詞作用的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。此句型中謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。系動(dòng)詞有三類：1.表示維持類的：be,keep,stay,remain,continue,stand2.表感官類的：look,see,watch,hear,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,appear.3.表變化類的：become,get,go,run,grow,turn,fall,come,例如：1.Heisagoodstudent.2.Sheisintheclassroom.3.Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.4.Thetreesturngreen.更正下列句子的錯(cuò)誤Exercises:1.Hecametheroom.2.Themusicsounds.3.Ihaveseen.4.Hegaveapenme.5.Thebossmadetheboytoworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabooktome.1.Hecameintotheroom.2.Themusicsoundswonderful.3.Ihaveseenthefilm.4.Hegaveapentome.5.Thebossmadetheboyworkhard.6.Myfatherboughtabookforme.After-class

ExerciseMysisterisanurse.Theyaredrinking.Theyaredrinkingtea.Theoldmanwalksinthepark.Shepassedhimthesalt.Wekeepthetableclean._______S

_V______P____S___________V____S__________V__O__________S____V___S_____V___IO______DO__S____V_______O____C判斷下面的句子是哪種句型7.Theyworkhard.8.Theflowerisdead.9.Plantsneedwater.10.Hegivesmesomeseeds.11.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.12.Manyanimalsliveintrees.____S____V________S__V____P_____S____V____O___S____V___IO_________DO___S__________V________O__________C____________S___VThespringiscoming.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswarmer.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Showmeyourbooks.Keepthemwarmatnight.S+VS+V+PS+V+OS+V+IO+DOS+V+O+CTheyworkhard.Theflowerisdead.Plantsneedwater.YoursisterdancesbeautifullyTheyprovedthattheearthwasround.Thisfoodlooksinviting.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.S+VS+V+PS+V+O主謂主謂賓主系表主謂賓Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.Heplayeddead.Shewasnicknamed“LittleRabbit”.Showmewhatyoubought.Sheneverdoubtedthatshewasright.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.主謂雙賓主謂主謂賓主謂雙賓主謂賓主謂賓賓補(bǔ)Hegivesmesomeseeds.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.Manyanimalsliveintrees.S+V+IO+DOS+V+O+CS+VThepalaceswerelargeandbeautiful.Horse-riding,hammerthrowandshootingaresomeofthe