第09講短文填空（首字母提示漢語提示語境提示綜合填空）（講義）-2024年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（原卷版）

?第09講短文填空（首字母提示+漢語提示+語境提示+綜合填空）（講義）目錄一復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握目標(biāo)及備考方向二考情分析短文填空中考考情分析三短文填空的考向熟練掌握固定搭配、語法等知識(shí)2.掌握簡單有效的解題策略和正確的解題步驟3.提升必考題型歸納四真題感悟中考短文填空經(jīng)典考題精選【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.熟練掌握固定搭配、語法等知識(shí)2.掌握簡單有效的解題策略和正確的解題步驟【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】【考情分析】短文填空命題規(guī)律短文填空是短文填空是把語法知識(shí)測試全部放在語篇中進(jìn)行，旨在考查考生在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力。它不但要求考生有扎實(shí)的詞匯、語法等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和對句型結(jié)構(gòu)的靈活運(yùn)用能力，而且還要求考生有良好的語感和一定的閱讀理解能力。包括短文首字母提示詞填空、漢語提示填空、綜合填空、語境提示填空等。語境提示填空（盲填）是中考短文填空中難度最大的，這種題目因題型的開放性和綜合性而備受關(guān)注。試題特點(diǎn)是一篇短文挖空8—10個(gè)單詞，且沒有任何提示，讓考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容自由填詞，難度較大，主觀性較強(qiáng)，有時(shí)可能出現(xiàn)多種答案?！久麕熃怆y】解題步驟：（1）快速瀏覽，了解大意。對于簡單把握的空，可以先填出來；（2）上下求索，填出答案。根據(jù)上下文及空格前后的邏輯關(guān)系，填出正確的詞以及正確的形式；（3）通讀全文，檢查確認(rèn)。特別要注意，根據(jù)文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前綴。無提示詞的空格一般需要填入冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞（并列連詞和從屬連詞）等虛詞。【解題三部曲】讀】跳過空格，通讀短文，了解大意。要重視首句，善于以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語氣為立足點(diǎn)，理清文脈，推測全文時(shí)態(tài)、主題及大意。定與斷】復(fù)讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。A.)利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過的知識(shí)，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義.B.)再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑瑥亩_定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。驗(yàn)】讀短文，上下參照，驗(yàn)證答案。在短文的空白處分別填上一個(gè)詞后，將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考?？蓮纳舷挛膬?nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤等方面進(jìn)行綜合驗(yàn)證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲考慮?！惧\囊妙計(jì)】第一招:金睛火眼(認(rèn)真、細(xì)致地觀察圖畫,就可以直接在圖畫中找到答案或信息。第二招：有樣學(xué)樣（善于從下文或前文找一模一樣的信息。）第三招：放飛想象（答案可以在圖畫或文章中推測出來。）第四招：姿勢與實(shí)際并重(注意填寫動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和名詞的單復(fù)數(shù))短文填空解題技巧首字母填空首字母填空是根據(jù)句意和已給出的首字母，在句子的空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使句子意思完整，語法正確的一種題型。該題型既考查學(xué)生的單詞記憶和拼寫能力，又考查學(xué)生對句子的理解和運(yùn)用能力。滿分技巧 1.跳過空格，不看選項(xiàng)，快速地閱讀全文，從整體上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的內(nèi)容和要旨?？焖匍喿x時(shí)寧粗勿細(xì)，切忌只盯住一個(gè)句子倉促解題，這樣勢必因胸?zé)o全局而誤入歧途?？焖匍喿x時(shí)，還要注意找出關(guān)鍵詞，這些詞在文中起支撐骨架的功能，抓住了關(guān)鍵詞就抓住了故事的線索。特別是要重視首句，善于以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語氣為立足點(diǎn)，理清文脈，推測全文時(shí)態(tài)、主題及大意。2.復(fù)讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。把握短文大意后再認(rèn)真復(fù)讀短文，利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過的知識(shí)，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義，再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，從而確定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填詞的正確形式。如短文難度較大，尤其是難于選詞時(shí)，從本句的前后觀察中一時(shí)尚不得要領(lǐng)，就要進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大到上下文中分析。3.三讀短文，上下參照，驗(yàn)證答案。在短文的空白處分別填上一個(gè)詞后，將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考?？蓮纳舷挛膬?nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤等進(jìn)行綜合驗(yàn)證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲考慮。漢語提示詞填空此類短文填空題一般會(huì)給出漢語意思。做此類短文填空題時(shí)，要準(zhǔn)確理解語意，根據(jù)文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)確定應(yīng)填詞的詞性和詞形。不可簡單地都填原形詞。若空格內(nèi)填的是名詞，要考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式；若填的是形容詞或副詞，則要考慮其是否屬于比較等級(jí)；如若填的是動(dòng)詞，則要特別注意考慮其時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。如在句首，還要考慮其首字母的大寫。綜合短文填空綜合短文填空是指文章中有多種提示類型，如英語單詞、漢語意思、音標(biāo)或者不給提示詞等。這種題型主要考查考生的整體閱讀能力、語言知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力、邏輯思維能力和書面表達(dá)能力，特別是單詞和短語的拼寫能力。語境提示填空無提示詞的空格一般需要填入冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞（并列連詞和從屬連詞）等虛詞。（1）名詞前面一般用冠詞、代詞或介詞等。（2）如果需要填入代詞，就要考慮到是人稱代詞的主格、賓格或物主代詞的變化、指示代詞的用法；（3）并列的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單詞，短語，或句子之間設(shè)空，一般填入并列連詞and,but,or等；（4）兩句之間，如果不是并列句，則很可能是主從句，因此需要填入從屬連詞（what,which,who,how,when等）?；蛘呤琴e語從句，定語從句或者是狀語從句的連接詞。這種空格需要同學(xué)們根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，分析到底是什么從句，從而選擇合適的從屬連詞。（一）短文首字母提示填空（2023·浙江·模擬預(yù)測）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在每一空格內(nèi)填寫一詞（首字母已給出），使短文完整連貫。Lifeisnoteasytomostpeople,sowhenanythinghappens,besuretobelieveinyourself.WhenIwasyoung,Iwasson1thatitwashardformetotalktoanyone.Myclassmatesoftenl2atme.ThenIfeltveryfrustrated.Iwasreallysadbutcoulddon3.Later,somethinghappened,whichchangedmylife.ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymothera4metotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!Itm5Ihadtospeakinfrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!“eon,boy.Believeinyourself.Youaresuretowin.”mothersaidtome.Then,motherandItalkedaboutmanyd6topics.AtlastIchosethetopic“Believeinyourself”.Itriedmybesttorememberallthespeechandp7itoverahundredtimes.W8mymother’sgreathelp,Ididwellinthecontest.Icouldh9believemyearswhenthenewscamethatIhadwonthefirstprize.Sincethen,thingshavechangedforme.NomatterwhatIdo,Itrytotellmyselftobec10andIwillfindmyself.Thisistruenotonlyformebutalsoforeverybody,Ithink.（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）閱讀短文，在其后空白處寫出各單詞的正確形式，單詞的第一個(gè)字母已給出。Onthefirstdayofmysecondgrade,myfatheraskedmeifIcouldreadwell.“Yes,Ican.”Isaid.Sohegavemeahandpaintedmapwithstreetnamesandd11onhowtowalktoschool.Hehandedmethemapwithmylunchboxandjacket,andsimplysaidtome,“Everythingyouneedtoknowisw12onthemap,soyoushouldjustreaditcarefully.”Iwasstandingind13,scaredtodeath,buthejustkissedmegoodbye,s14meoutofthedoor.Ididn’tknowhowlongittookmetogetthere,orhowmanyfearfulanda15momentsIhad,butIdidrememberforeverhowIf16whenIcamearoundthelastcorner,andsawmyschool.Ilaughedandwasp17withmyselfthatIhadmadeit!IwishedIcouldtellhimrightthenthatIhadmadeit.WhenIgothome,Ididn’tseemyfather.Icouldn’twaitforhimtoebackandtellhimwhathadhappened.Butwhenhecameback,her18silent.Yearslater,Ifinallygotthecouragetoaskhimwhyhedidn’tcareaboutwhathadhappenedsinceIwassoyoungthen.Hesaid,“Ididn’thavetoaskyou.Iknew.Ifollowedyouthewholewayinthecar,butf19enoughbacksothatyoucouldnotseeme.Isawyoujumpupanddownwithe20.Ifeltwhatyoufelt.”Atthemoment,Iunderstoodeverything.ThenIcouldn’thelpcrying.（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考一模）短文填空TheEnglishculturalandtourismmagazine“JiangsuGlimpses”haspublishedanewone.Itremendsbeautifulmuseums,d21food,funroutesandspringfolkcustomsinJiangsu.Whatwintertakesfromhere,springwillgiveitb22.Afterawinterofresting,theflowersinJiangsuarebudding（含苞待放）andtheduckscanalsof23thewarmthofthespringriver.IthasbeeahabitforChineset24toetoJiangsutoseeflowersinspring.ThecityflowerofNanjing,plumblossom,nowisallaroundontheMeihuaMountain.“FureFlowerSea”inZhenjiangi25manyflowerfieldswhicharelikeacolorfulblanket.SpringesandshinesonthebranchesoftheseflowersinthesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.Teaisanotherg26thateswiththespringofJiangnan.Manyteaswithpoeticandbeautifuln27areallfromJiangsu,suchasSuzhou’sBiluochuntea,Nanjing’sYuhuateaandZhenjiang’sJinshancuiyatea.Duringthisperiod,theteafieldprovidesniceteasandp28placesforpeopletohavefun.Theteahasspecialtasteb29differentteatreesareplantedindifferentplantingsites.Nowadays,peoplecanlookfortastyteaandenjoythebests30inJiangsu,includingtransportation,acmodation（住宿）,sightseeing,andfood.Inadditiontotheteafields,touristscanalsowalkintotheteahousesandmuseumsorpicturesquevillagesaroundthem.（二）短文漢語提示填空（2022·浙江杭州·浙江師范大學(xué)附屬杭州筧橋?qū)嶒?yàn)中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式，每空限填一詞。Withthehelpofavirtualrealityheadsetandathreeminutevideo,peoplecanstepintotheworldof76yearoldHarry,who31(生活)withmidstageAlzheimer’sdisease(阿爾茨海默病).Theycanseehowdifficulteverydaylifecanbe—evendoingsomethingassimpleas32(刷)theteeth.Harrymistakestoothpasteformedicine,forgetstolockthedoorandiscontinually33(感到困惑的)aboutwhattimeitis.Theheadsetwillallow34(使用者)toexperiencethespecialdisconnectandsensoryimpairments(感覺障礙)thatapersonlivingwithAlzheimer’sdiseaseexperiences,saidChristyLittlefield,aneducationprogramspecialistandsocialworker.Littlefieldhopesthevirtualrealityexperiencewillhelpcaregivers,familyandfriendsbetterunderstandwhatAlzheimer’spatientsgo35(經(jīng)歷).“Whenwelaunchedit,wereceiveddifferent36(反應(yīng)),”Littefieldsaid.“Somepeoplearesadbecauseitletthemremember37(所愛的)ones,butitgavethemagood38(理解)ofwhatit’sliketolivewiththisdisease.”“Wehopepeoplewillthinkoftheir39(自己的)experienceandbemorepatientwhentheydealwithAlzheimer’spatients,”she40(補(bǔ)充道).【答案】（2023·浙江金華·統(tǒng)考三模）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。InancientChinalivedanartistwhosepaintingswere41(幾乎)lifelike.Theartist’sinfluencehadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisimagedone,asa42(結(jié)果)hecalledallgreatartiststoeandpresenttheirfinestworks,sothathecould43(選擇)thebest.Theartistwassurehewouldbechosen,butwhenheshowedhispaintingtotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.The44(睿智的)oldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver,perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.45(充滿了)withcuriosity,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.Whenheaskedthevillagersonthe46(岸邊)oftheriverwherehecouldfindthegreatartist,theysmiledand47(指著)downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetouttofindthe48(著名的)painter.Asthesmallboatmoved,gently49(沿著)theriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemists(薄霧)risingfromtheriverandthesoft50(云)surroundingthemountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartistonearth,MotherNature.（2023·浙江湖州·校聯(lián)考三模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給的中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式，每空限填一詞。Now,itmaybedifficulttopredictthefuture,butmanypeoplebelievethatwewillliveonMarsbytheyear2100.Ourownplanet,Earth,isbeingmoreandmore51（擁擠的）andpolluted.Well,whatproblemsdoweneedto52（解決）beforewecangettoMars?Firstofall,transportshouldbemuchbetter.At53（目前；現(xiàn)在）,humansneedtospendseveralmonthsgoingtoMarsbyspaceship.However,by2100,spaceshipsmaytravelathalfthespeedoflight.Then,itwouldonlytakeustwoorthree54（天；日）togetthere!Without55（疑問；疑惑）,humansneedfood,waterandairtolive.ScientistsshoulddevelopplantsthatcanbegrownonMars.Theseplantswill56（生產(chǎn)；制造）thefood,waterandairthatweneed.However,thereisnoanswerforalltheseproblemsrightnow.ThereisalsoaproblemforustoliveintheenvironmentofMars.MarshaslessgravitythanEarth.Thisisdangerousbecausewecaneasilyjumptoo57（高）andflyslowlyawayintospacethere.Wewillhavetowearspecialshoestomake58（我們自己）heavier.Besides,I59（推斷；料想）foodwouldnotbethesame—mealsmightbeintheformofpillsandwillnotbeasdeliciousastheyaretoday.Also,spacetravelwillprobablymakemanypeoplefeelvery60（不舒服的）.Insomeways,lifeonMarswouldnotbebetterthanthatonEarthtoday.（三）短文語境提示填空（2023·山西大同·模擬預(yù)測）請閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,在空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,使短文通順、連貫。每空一詞。TheGreatWallisn’tChina’sonlymanmadewonderthathasbeenwellknownallovertheworld.AnotheristheGrandCanal（大運(yùn)河）—thelongestmanmadewaterwayintheworld.61alengthofabout2,700kilometers,thecanalrunsfromBeijingtoZhejiangProvince.62ismorethan2,500yearsold.DuringtheSpringandAutumnperiod,HanGou,wasbuiltintoday’sJiangsuProvince.ItthenbecametheGrandCanalduringtheSuiDynasty.TheGrandCanalhasanimportantrole63developingthecountry’seconomy（經(jīng)濟(jì)）andkeepingitstable（穩(wěn)定的）.PeopleinancientChinamovedthingsbyhorseor64foot.Itwasveryslow.Largethings,likebagsofgrain（谷物）andtea.65didpeoplesolvetheproblems?ItwastheGrandCanal66madethingsfasterandeasiertomoveacrossalongdistance.DuringtheSuiDynasty,forexample,finegrainsgrewinthesouth.Buttheywerekeptinthecapital,inthenorth.WiththeGrandCanal,people67abletoquicklysendgraintothecapital.Thecanalalsomadetheeconomygrowfast.Thanks68thecanal,silk,teaandcoalwereallsent69thenorthandsouth.Thecanal,infact,playedabigpartinbuildingtheForbiddenCity.Bricksweresent70ShandongandJiangsu,whilewoodwassentfromHunan.“TheGreatWallisthesymbolofthefirmbackboneofChina,whiletheGrandCanalisthebloodlinethatgoesthroughtheheartsofChinesepeople.”saidShanJixiang（2023·廣東佛山·統(tǒng)考三模）Sallyisa13yearoldmiddleschoolstudent.Sheenjoys71andshehasbeentomanyplaces.KunyuMountainisoneofthemostwonderfulplaces.KunyuMountainisaplaceof72nearSally’shometown.Shewenttoclimbitwithherdadfiveyearsago.Atfirst,shethoughtitwassuchahighmountainthatshecould73reachthetop.Whenshelookedup,shealwayssawthatthereweremanywhitecloudsaroundit.74itwasbeautiful,shewasnotinterestedinlookingatit.Shefeltvery75becauseofthe3hourwalkandshehadapaininherlegs.However,shesaidto76thatshecouldn’tgiveupclimbingbecauseitwasherdreamtoclimbtothetop.Itwascoldandthewindwasverystrong.Finally,shereachedthetop77thehelpofherdad.Seeingthemountainsfromthetop,shefoundthe78oftherocksweredifferent.Somelookedlikehumans,andsomelookedlikewildanimals.Sallywas79excitedthatshecouldn’thelpshoutingwhengettingtothetop.Inourlives,thetopisourdream.Theclimbingisdifficultbutworthyourhardwork.Justpreparemoresothatyoucanpletely80tothetop.Whatevertheresultis,atleastwehavetriedourbest.Ibelievethatourdreamscanetrue.【答案】71．traveling72．interest73．not/never74．Although/Though75．tired76．herself77．with78．shapes79．so80．get【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了Sally爬山的經(jīng)歷，這個(gè)故事告訴我們，人生中的頂峰就是我們的夢想，雖然攀登困難，但值得我們的努力，只要我們準(zhǔn)備充分，就能實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想。71．句意：她喜歡旅行并且去了很多地方。根據(jù)“shehasbeentomanyplaces.”可知，她喜歡旅行，enjoytraveling“喜歡旅行”，故填traveling。72．句意：KunyuMountain是Sally家鄉(xiāng)附近的名勝古跡。aplaceofinterest“名勝古跡”，故填interest。73．句意：起初，她認(rèn)為這是一座如此高的山，她永遠(yuǎn)也不可能到達(dá)山頂。根據(jù)“itwassuchahighmountain”可知，她認(rèn)為不可能到達(dá)山頂，故填not/never。74．句意：雖然它很漂亮，但她沒有興趣去看它。根據(jù)“shewasnotinterestedinlookingatit”可知，雖然它很漂亮，但是她沒有興趣看。though/although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，故填A(yù)lthough/Though。75．句意：因?yàn)?個(gè)小時(shí)的步行，她感到非常累，而且她的腿疼。根據(jù)“becauseofthe3hourwalkandshehadapaininherlegs”可知，她感到很累，故填tired。76．句意：然而，她對自己說，她不能放棄攀登，因?yàn)榕赖缴巾斒撬膲粝?。saytooneself“自言自語”，主語是she，所以用herself，故填herself。77．句意：最后，在父親的幫助下，她到達(dá)了山頂。withthehelpof“在某人的幫助下”，故填with。78．句意：從山頂看群山，她發(fā)現(xiàn)巖石的形狀不同。根據(jù)“Somelookedlikehumans,andsomelookedlikewildanimals.”可知，石頭的形狀是不一樣的，shape“形狀”，根據(jù)“weredifferent”可知主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填shapes。79．句意：Sally如此興奮以致于當(dāng)她到達(dá)山頂時(shí)禁不住大叫起來。根據(jù)“thatshecouldn’thelpshoutingwhengettingtothetop”可知，考查句型so…that…“如此……以致于……”，故填so。80．句意：多做些準(zhǔn)備，這樣你就能完全到達(dá)頂峰。根據(jù)“Ibelievethatourdreamscanetrue.”可知，夢想成真，到達(dá)山頂；根據(jù)“can”是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面用動(dòng)詞原形，到達(dá)用gettosp.表達(dá)，故填get。（2023·河南濮陽·統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀短文，根據(jù)語篇要求填空，使短文通順、意思完整。請將答案寫在下面題號(hào)后的橫線上。每空限填一詞。Chinesetraditionalculturehasalonghistory.There81manyfolkartforms.Papercuttingisatypicalone.Papercuttinghasbeenaroundformorethan1,500years.Althoughnobodyknowswhoitwasinventedby,it’sstillpopularwithpeople.Inancienttimes,peopleusedpapercutting82decorate(裝飾)andhonortheirancestors(祭祀祖先).Now,itisasymbolofwishes83goodluckandahappynewyear.Papercuttingsoundsveryeasybut84isdifficulttomake.Thepaper,usuallyred,isfoldedbeforeitiscutwithscissors.85mostmonpicturesforpapercuttingareflowers,animals,andthingsaboutChinesehistory.PapercuttinginShanxiisthemostfamousbecausethepicturesinpapercuttingareverybeautiful.Papercuttinghasbeeninherited(繼承)sinceancienttimes.It’sasymbolofChineseculture.Asteenagers,wealsoneedtopassiton.【答案】81．a(chǎn)re82．to83．for84．it85．The【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹中國的傳統(tǒng)文化之一——剪紙。81．句意：有許多民間藝術(shù)形式。此處是therebe句型，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語“manyfolkartforms”是復(fù)數(shù)，故填are。82．句意：在古代，人們用剪紙來裝飾和紀(jì)念他們的祖先。usesthtodosth“用某物做某事”，故填to。83．句意：現(xiàn)在，它是祝福好運(yùn)和新年快樂的象征。wishesfor“對……的期望”，故填for。84．句意：剪紙聽起來很簡單，但做起來很難。此處指代“Papercutting”，用it代替，故填it。85．句意：剪紙最常見的圖案是花、動(dòng)物和有關(guān)中國歷史的東西。最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the修飾，故填The。（四）短文綜合填空（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中學(xué)校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語境、音標(biāo)或所給單詞的提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，要求所填的詞意義準(zhǔn)確、形式正確，使短文意思完整、行文連貫。ThreeCharacterClassichadbeenoneofthemostpopulartextsforprimaryeducationinChinafor700yearsuntilthemiddleoflastcentury.Almostall86(child)atschoolusedtorecitethetextof1,248characters.Mosthistorianshaveattributed(歸功于)thistexttoWangYinglin,87famouswriteroftheSouthernSongDynasty.Itwass88thatWangwroteittospreadConfucian(儒家的)classicsandtheknowledgeofChinesehistoryamongkids.Ittellsthemthatbeforeone89(begin)tostudyhistory,heorshemustbeeskilledinclassicworksatfirst.Sohewrotethetextboth90/???t/andsimple,verysuitableforreadingandreciting.A91ithasstoppedbeingusedasatextforprimaryschools,manypeopleinChinacanstillrecitesomeofit.ThreeCharacterClassicisdivided92sixparts,eachtalkingaboutacertaintopic.ThetextbeginswiththemainideasofConfucianismandstressestraditionalvalues.Italsoteachesthatpeopleworkinghardwillberewarded,while93/e??z/whowastetimeonplaywillregretforitoneday.Becauseofitsbeautifulverses(詩節(jié))andsimplestyles,itwaslatertranslatedintodifferentlanguages,suchasEnglish,94/frent?/andItalian.Duringthe1860s,itwas95(wide)usedasatextinprivateschoolsinJapan.Now,ithasbeenlistedbytheUNESCOasoneofitsremendedreadingsforstudentsworldwide.（2023·福建南平·武夷山一中?？寄M預(yù)測）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)語境、音標(biāo)或單詞的提示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使短文意思完整，行文連貫。Inordertoreducethestressonthestudents,NanjingNo.1HighSchoolhas96（create）a“markbank”.Thebankletsstudentsborrowmarksiftheycannotpassexams,andthenrepaytheminlatertests.Here’showitworks.The“markbank”allowsstudents97borrowmarksiftheyfailtheexam.But,justlike98/'ri:?l/banks,itrequires“clients（客戶）”topaybacktheloan（貸款）99time,withinterest.Sostudentshavetopayfortheloanby100（get）extramarksinfutureexams.Someteachersalsoallowthestudentstorepaythebankbydoinglabexperiments101givingpublicspeeches.Studentswhodon’tpaybacktheirloansareblacklisted（將……列入黑名單）bythebank.“Iwassickbeforethemidtermexamsand102（miss）severalgeographyclasses,”onestudentsaid.“Ifailedtheexam,soIamgladthe‘markbank’gavemea103topasstheexam.”104/?:l'e??/manypeoplethinkthe“markbank”isagreatidea,noteveryonesupportstheidea.EducationexpertXiongBingqi,forexample,believesthatthe“markbank”isnotproper,butthinksthatittakesstress105/?v/thestudents.Othersthinkthatsuchanideajustcausesstudentstobelazierintheirstudies.（2023·福建福州·福州華倫中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測）EachdifferentpartofChinahasitsownspecialformsoftraditionalart.Themostmonthings,frompapertoclaytobamboo,canbeturnedinto106(object)ofbeauty.KongmingLantern,alsoknownasChinesetraditionalskylantern,isakindofpaperlantern107aclosedtopandasmallcandleinside.Itismadeofthinpaperandbambooframe,108itisusuallyredincolor.Whenthecandleislit,it109[hi:ts]theairinsidethelanternandmakesitrise.AccordingtoChinesehistory,skylanternswerefirstusedbyZhugeKongming,110famousstrategistintheThreeKingdomsperiod.Duringthewars,hesentthemouttoaskfor111[??nf?'me??n]andhelp,whichwasfarmore112(easy)thanusingotherways.Howcleverhewas!Today,theskylanternisstillmoninourlife,especiallyatfestivalsandothercelebrations,suchastheLanternFestivalandtheMidAutumnFestival.Peoplewritetheirwishesonthelanternandthenleti113flyintothesky.Whenthelanterns114(slow)riseintotheair,itisbelievedthatthewisheswhicharemadewilletrue.Theyare115(see)asbrightsymbolsofhappinessandgoodwishes.ItisalsoasymbolofChinesepeople’spursuitofabetterlife.（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使其意思完整。FuTinglostherrightarminanaccidentwhenshewas3.Atthea1of13,shewenttoasportsschoolinXiangtan,HunanProvince.Shebeganswimmingt2there.FuTingtookpartinAthens2004ParalympicGamesandothereventsd3heryearsasanathlete,andwon18goldmedals.Afterretiringin2004,FuTingdecidedtoe4auniversitytostudylaw.Throughhardwork,shegraduatedandworkedasalawyer.In2017,FuTingsetupaservicegroup,p5freelegal(法律的)helpforthedisabled.Atthes6time,shealsojoinedavolunteergroup,sharingherlifestoriesinprimaryandsecondaryschools,givinglegalspeechesinmunities,inordertoencouragemorepeopletohelpthosedisabledpeopleinn7.“Inthefaceofthedisabled,weshouldfirst‘respect’andt8‘help’,”FuTingsaid.“I’mh9tohelpthemwithmyownexperienceandknowledge.AndIhopetheycanhelpmakeo10countrybetter.IbelieveIwillkeepondoingthat.”（2023·山東東營·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。MyparentsgotArthur’sFamilyLaundromat(洗衣店)frommygrandfather.Itwasatruefamilybusiness.Myfather,mymotherandmyauntwereresponsiblefordifferentjobs.E11myretired(退休的)grandfatherhelpswiththecleaningnowandthen.MyfathersaidthatthemostimportantmachineintheLaundromatwasn’tthewashingmachine.Itwasthecoffeepotbythedoor.Thecoffeewasfreeandalmosteveryc12wouldhaveacupandchatwithmyfamilywhilewaitingfortheircleanclothes.Inthehoursa13schooloronweekends,itwasmyjobtokeepthecoffeepotfull.Atleasttentimeseachday,Iwouldcleanupthewetcoffeegrounds(咖啡渣),weigh40gofcoffeebeans,fillthepotwithwater,andturnonthecoffeemachine.Itwassuchab14jobthatIcouldhavedoneitinmysleep.Irememberplainingonebusyday.“W15dowehavetogiveawaycoffee?We’reaLaundromat,notacoffeeshop!”Isaidangrily.Myfatherwassurprisedatmyattitude.Atoncehes16whathewasdoingtotalktome.Withapatientbutseriousexpressiononhisf17hespoke:“Son,peoplechooseourlaundromatb18weservethemlikefriends.Weofferthemacupofcoffee.Wechatwiththem,laughwiththemandconnectwiththem.Peopledon’tjustneedap19tocleantheirclothes.Theyneedfriendship.Thatiswhyyourjobisthemostimportantjobinthelaundromat.”Myfather’swordshadtheexpectedeffect.Fromthenon,Idothejobmorec20.Afterall,Ihadthemostimportantjobinthelaundromat.（2023·天津·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample,apersonmaysmilewhenheorsheisp21withsomeprogressinstudies.Orapersonmaysmileifafriendtellsafunnyjoke.Thereareothergoodr22tosmileoften.First,itise23tosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact,itonlytakes17muscles(肌肉)tosmile.Ontheotherhand,ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourf24arestandsmile!Second,smilesarenice.Peoplemaytrytol25nicebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.However,peopleoftensayasmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobea26someonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstostaywithsomeonewhoisalwaysunhappy.Third,smileshavepower(感染力).Bothsmilingandlaughingcaneasilyandquicklys27fromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles,peoplearoundhimorherwanttosmile,too.Similarly,whenapersonlaughs,peopletend(往往會(huì))tolaughwithhimorher.Ifapersoniss28,thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileoralaugh.Itistheeasiestwaytocheersomeoneup.F29,smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Eventhoughyouaresad,trysmiling.You’llfindthatitwillbedifficulttos30sadforverylong!（2022·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)各題所給首字母的提示，寫出一個(gè)合適的英語單詞完整的、正確的形式，使短文通順。EatYourGreens!Ihaveneverbeenafanofvegetables.Butmybestfriendlovesthem.“Eatyourgreens!”healwayssays.SoIdecidetolearnsomethingmoreaboutthem.Plantsareaveryimportantpartofourdiet.Becauseofthec31theirleavesvegetablesareoftencalled“greens”.Theyp32allkindsofnutrition(營養(yǎng))thatareveryimportantforourbodies.Forexample,vitaminCgivesushealthyskin,andcalcium(鈣)keepsourboness33.Othershelptokeepourhearts,bloodandmuscleshealthyEatingvegetablesdoesnotmakeusf34becausetheyarelowincalories.It’ssaidthatthereareover80,000differentkindsofplantswhichcanbeeatenonEarth.However,90percentofthefoodsweeatc35fromjust30plants.Thisisnotbecausetheyarethemostnutritious,butbecausetheyarethee36togrow.Itissuggestedtoeatatleastfivedifferentvegetableseveryday.It’sagoodh37tomakevegetablesamainpartofeachmeal.However,somepeoplethinkthatvegetablesarenotsopopularparedwithmeat,sowhenvegetablesareservedtogetherwithmeat,theyoftenc38meatinsteadofvegetables.Othersthinkvegetablesarecookedinanunskillfulway,makingthemnotd39.Inordertohelpmehaveahealthydiet,myfriendgivesmegooda40onhowtocooktastyvegetables.Iamonmywaytoahealthierlifestyle.（2023·浙江湖州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示，在空白處寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Withbig,softearsandroundeyes,rabbitsaresomeofthecutestanimalsaround.Theyeven41(跳躍)andturnaroundintheairwhentheyarehappy.It’ssuchalovelyaction.Besides,rabbitsareinterestinganimalstostudy.Rabbitshavemanyamazing42(能力).Theycanrunatthe43(速度)of30kilometersperhour.Theirearsallowthemtohearsoundsfromupto2.8kilometersaway.Theyalsohaveaverygoodsight.Withalltheseskills,theycanoftenrunawayfrom44(危險(xiǎn)).Somemightthinkthatrabbits45(更喜歡)carrots,butthat’snottrue.Theirfoodismostlymadeupofdry46(草)andfreshvegetables.Carrotsare47(富有的)insugarandwillbeharmfultotheirteeth.Rabbitsareusuallyactiveintheearlymorningandlateafternoon.That’swhenyou’llpossiblyseethemeatingorwalking48(安靜地)andfreelyinfieldsorwoods.Inthewild,rabbitslivein49(地下的)holes.Often,groupsofrabbitsinonearea50(掘，挖)theirholesandconnectthemtogether.Theydislikebeinglonely.Aspets,theyaremuchhappierwhenthey’reraisedinpairsorlargergroups.（2023·浙江麗水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，然后根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語意思寫出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。Weusuallywearsockstokeepourfeetwarm.Butsockscanhaveamessage,too!Whosaysyoursocks51(必須)match?WecelebratedMismatchedSocksDayatschoollastweek.On52(星期一)morning,everyoneworedifferentsocksoneachfootandmetatth