2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionⅡDiscoveringUsefulStructures作業(yè)含解析新人教版必修第三冊

PAGEUnit4SpaceExplorationUnit4SectionⅡ請同學們仔細完成[練案14]一、語言基礎訓練Ⅰ．單句語法填空1．Therearestillmanyproblems__tobesolved__(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayonthemoon.2．Hemadeapromise__tocome__(come)hereontimetomorrow.3．We’retoholdameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision__tobemade__(make)atthemeetingwillinfluencethefutureofourcompany.4．Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong__tosee__(see)thebenefit.5．__Tomake__(make)iteasiertogetintouchwithus，you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.6．Georgereturnedafterthewar，only__tobetold__(tell)thathiswifehadlefthim.7．Wewereastonished__tosee__(see)thebuildingstillinitsoriginalcondition.8．Incollege，therearesomanygoodchances__tomeet__(meet)yourexpectations.9．Hewasthefirsttraveler__toarrive__(arrive)intheislandlyinginthecentralofthePacificOcean.10．Wewillbemorethanhappy__toreceive__(receive)materials，suchasclothes，quiltsandschoolsupplies.Ⅱ．完成句子1．IhurriedtoProfessorWang’shouse__onlytofindhewasout__.我匆忙趕到王教授的家，可是卻發(fā)覺他外出了。2．Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttothecountrysidewithmyfather__tovisitmygrandparents__.去年寒假，我和父親一起去了鄉(xiāng)下探望我的祖父母。3．Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudy__tobepublished__Tuesday.依據(jù)本周二要公布的一項探討，自20世紀30年頭以來，加利福尼亞已經(jīng)失去了一半的大樹。4．Withsomanyproblemstosolve,mybrotherwastooworried__toeatanything__.有太多的問題去處理，我哥哥擔憂得吃不下任何東西。5．Istayedawakeuntilhalfpasteleven__soasto/inorderto/tohaveagoodlookatthemoon__bymyself.我熬夜到11點半，為的是獨自好好看看月亮。6．AndyandRubywerethefirst__toreachthetopofthemountain__，outofbreath.Andy和Ruby首先到達了山頂，上氣不接下氣。二、培優(yōu)提升訓練Ⅰ．閱讀理解EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcometswhichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematical(數(shù)學上的)problem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.However,HalleyhadafriendnamedNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(橢圓)．NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(解決；計算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearanceshadbeen75to76yearsapart.ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Thedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.Themorehalleythoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcomets,aspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainenoughtomakeaprediction(預言)ofwhatcometwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley’spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit,forhehasdiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethasbeencalledHalley’scomet,inhishonor.文章大意：本文主要介紹了200多年前英國科學家哈雷以及他的發(fā)覺。1．Halleymadehisdiscovery__C__.A．bydoingexperimentsB．bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC．byusingtheworkofotherscientistsD．bychance解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文中第三段中的“Hefiguredout(解決；計算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.”可知應選C。2．Halleymadeasurprising,butcorrectpredictionintheyear__B__.A．1704 B．1705C．1706 D．1707解析：數(shù)字計算題。由最終一段中的“Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley’spredictioncouldbetested.”可知，他預言彗星出現(xiàn)的時間是1758年，而這個預言還要經(jīng)過53年才能驗證，由此可以推斷出哈雷做出這個預言的時間是1705年。3．Thispassageingeneralisabout__D__.A．HalleyandotherscientistsB．theorbitofacometC．NewtonandHalleyD．Halleyandhisdiscovery解析：主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了哈雷以及他的發(fā)覺。4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？__C__A．EdmundHalleywasanAmericanscientist.B．Halleymadehisdiscoverybydoingexperiments.C．Newtonwasafamousmathematician.D．Theorbitofacomethadtheshapeofacircle.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從文章首句可以看出A項錯誤；從第三段的分析中可知B項也錯誤；由其次段可知，牛頓告知哈雷彗星的軌道是橢圓形的，可解除D項。Ⅱ．完形填空WhenIwasabout18monthsold,Iwasburnedquitebadlybyhotwater.Thiswasahouseholdaccident,andnowIcanimaginehow__1.D__thismusthavebeenformyparentsatthetime.Thistookplaceinthe1970s,sothe__2.C__wasn’twhatitistoday.Ididgetskingrafts(移植)，butitwasstillprettybad.AsIgrewup,I__3.D__myscars.Theyseemedsobigandugly.Kidswouldwonderwhathappenedtomeandstaredatmedirectly.Unwillingto__4.C__myscars,Ialwaysworehigh-neckedtops.Ifearedtowearaswimsuitinsummerandstarted__5.B__anyoutdooractivities.SoImissedoutonalotoffun.MyscarsledmetobelieveIneverlooked__6.D__withoutmyclotheson.IbelievedthatIneededtohaveperfectskininordertofindtrue__7.A__.Iknewsomeonewhowantedtoknowmewouldbe__8.C__bymyskin.OnthedaythatIturned19,oneofmybestfriendstookmebytheshouldersandsaid,“Michelle,stop__9.B__！Yourburnsarebattlescarsandyouneedtotreatthemasasymbolof__10.D__.”HerwordsmademerealizethatwhatIlackedmostwas__11.C__.Foralongtime,IwastooafraidtogetintouchwithwhomIwantedtobeinlife.Scarscanbe__12.B__todealwith.Butintheend,it’sjustdamagedskin.I’mnottheonlyonethatcarriespainfulburdens__13.D__.Somanyhavedisabilitiesbuttryhardtoprovethemselvesandeven__14.A__intheirfields.Lifeisaboutsomuchmorethanworryingabouttheflaws(瑕疵)onourbodies.Onlyifwe__15.B__ourselvesasweare,canwefindthemeaningoflife.文章大意：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者自小因為身上帶著燙傷的疤痕而感到自卑，但摯友的話讓她相識到認可自己的重要性。1．A．proud B．strangeC．important D．terrible解析：依據(jù)常識可知，作者18個月時被熱水燙傷，對她的父母來說這場意外很糟糕(terrible)。故選D。2．A．effort B．exerciseC．technology D．information解析：聯(lián)系語境可知，在20世紀70年頭，科技(technology)還不如現(xiàn)在發(fā)達。故選C。3．A．talkedabout B．learnedfromC．believedin D．struggledwith解析：依據(jù)后文“Theyseemedsobigandugly.”可知，作者的傷疤讓她感到苦痛，故選“struggledwith”。故選D。4．A．cover B．removeC．show D．increase解析：依據(jù)后文可知，作者不想讓別人看到自己的傷疤，于是總穿著高領(lǐng)衣服。故選C。5．A．joining B．a(chǎn)voidingC．designing D．ruining解析：由于怕被別人看到自己的傷疤，作者起先避開(avoiding)參與任何戶外活動。故選B。6．A．happy B．uniqueC．healthy D．normal解析：作者身上的傷疤讓她認為自己不穿衣服時就看起來不正常，故選D。7．A．love B．workC．freedom D．knowledge解析：作者認為她須要具備完備的皮膚才能得到真愛，故選“l(fā)ove”。8．A．saved B．touchedC．troubled D．challenged解析：在作者看來，想要相識自己的人都會被自己的身上的傷疤所困擾，故選C。9．A．dreaming B．hidingC．complaining D．a(chǎn)pologizing解析：因為作者始終自卑于自己的傷疤，作者的好摯友激勵她不要再隱藏(hiding)自己。故選B。10．A．luck B．painC．respect D．honor解析：依據(jù)前文的“Yourburnsarebattlescars”可知，好摯友讓作者把她的傷疤當作榮譽(honor)的象征。故選D。11．A．honesty B．stressC．confidence D．surprise解析：依據(jù)語境可知，好摯友的話讓作者相識到自己最為缺乏的就是自信(confidence)。故選C。12．A．easy B．difficultC．practical D．impossible解析：依據(jù)語境可知，傷疤可能難以處理，但終究只是受損的皮膚，故選B。13．A．emotionally B．intellectuallyC．mentally D．physically解析：由后文可知，作者相識到自己不是唯一在身體上(physically)承受苦痛負擔的人。故選D。14．A．succeed B．failC．recover D．disappear解析：依據(jù)語境可知，很多殘疾人仍舊在努力奮斗甚至在自己的領(lǐng)域取得了勝利，故選A。15．A．change B．a(chǎn)cceptC．a(chǎn)nalyze D．remember解析：依據(jù)作者的經(jīng)驗可知，只有當我們學會接受(accept)自己的原來面貌，我們才能找到人生的意義。故選B。Ⅱ．語法填空依據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tomisaboywithphysical__1.disability__(disable)andhecan’twalkas__2.a__normalboy.Inordertoofferhimmoreconvenience,hismotherboughthimarobot__3.whose__nameisJimmyyesterday.JimmyaccompaniesTomeverydayafterhisparentsleaveforwork，__4.taking__(take)careofhim.Tomsuffersfromararedisease.Hecan’tstandup.Instead,hehastositonanarmchairalltheday.JimmyshowssympathytoTomand__5.tries__(try)hisbesttomakehimhappy.Somedaysago,hetookTomtothepark.Hetriedtoprotecthimfrom__6.beingharmed__(harm)．HegaveTomencouragementtohaveatrytowalk.SoTom__7.did__.ButtoJimmy’sdisappointment,Tomfellontheground,causingsomeotherboysnearbytomakefun__8.of__him.“Don’tlaughatthedisabled！”Jimmyturnedaround,warningthoseboys.Theyfeltsorryandranawayimmediately.Thenextday,JimmytookTomtotheparkonceagain.Thistime,T