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題旨來(lái)表達(dá)。整個(gè)段落必須緊扣這個(gè)主題(stickorholdtothetopic),這一個(gè)完整的感覺,這就是完整性(completenessoradequateness)。JoeandIdecidedtotakethelongtripwe'dalwayswantedacrossthecountry.Wewerelikeyoungkidsbuyingourcamperanditwithallthenecessitiesoflife.BellabakesthebestrhubarbWestartedoutinearlyspringfromMinneapolisandheadedwestacrossthenorthernpartofthecountry.Webothenjoyedthosepeoplewemetatthetrailerpark.Joereceivedawatchathisretirementdinner.Tooursurprise,wefoundthatwelikedthewarmsouthernregionsverymuch,andsowedecidedtostayhereinNewMexico.本段的主題句是段首句,controllingidea(中心思想)takethelongtripacrossthecountryirrelevantsentences,一個(gè)是Bellabakesthebestrhubarbpie,JoeandIBella,Joereceivedawatchathisretirementirrelevantsentences(不相關(guān)語(yǔ)句)而丟分,值得引起注意。MynameisRoseanna,andIliketokeepphysicallyfit.Iusedtoweightwohundredpounds,butIjoinedtheYMCAforanexerciseclassanddietprogram.InoneyearIlosteightypounds.Ifeelmuchbetterandneverwanttohavethatmuchweightonmyfive-feetframeagain.Iboughttwonewsuitcaseslastweek.EverydayIpracticejoggingthreemiles,swimmingfifteenlaps,liftingtwenty-poundweightsandplayingtennisforonehour.Mymotherwasaprematurecontrollingidealiketodeepphysicallyfit,但段中有兩個(gè)irrelevantsentences,Iboughttwonewsuitcaseslastweek,另Mymotherwasaprematurebaby。從上面兩個(gè)例子可以看出,nativespeakers同樣會(huì)造出來(lái)irrelevantsentencesPhysicalworkcanbeausefulformoftherapyforamindinWorkconcentratesyourthoughtsonaconcretetask.Besides,itismoreusefultowork----youproducesomethingratherthanmoreanxietyordepression.什么是"amindinturmoil"(心境不平靜)Physicalworktherapy40ItisnotalwaystruethatagoodpictureisworthathousandOftenwritingismuchclearerthanapicture.Itissometimesdifficulttofigureoutwhatapicturemeans,butacarefulwritercanalmostalwaysexplainit.ItisnotalwaystruethatapictureisworthathousandSometimes,picturesareprettyuselessthings.Ifyoucan'tswimandfallintheriverandstartgulpingwater,willyoubebetterofftoholdupapictureofyourselfdrowning,orstartscreaming"Help"?連貫性按時(shí)間先后排列(chronologicalarrangement)Wehadanumberofclosecallsthatday.Whenwerose,itwasobviouslylateandwehadtohurrysoasnottomissbreakfast;weknewthediningroomstaffwasstrictaboutclosingatnineo'clock.Then,whenwehadbeendrivinginthedesertfornearlytwohours----itmusthavebeenclosetonoon----theheatnearlyhidusin;theradiatorboiledoverandwehadtousemostofourdrinkingwatertocoolitdown.Bythetimewereachedthemountain,itwasfouro'clockandwewereexhausted.Here,judgementranoutofusandwestartedthetoughclimbtothesummit,notrealizingthatdarknesscamesuddenlyinthedesert.Sureenough,bysixwewerestrugglingandAndrewverynearlywentdownasteepcliff,draggingMohammedandmealongwithhim.Bynine,whenthewindhowledacrosstheflatledgeofthesummit,weknewasweshiveredtogetherforwarmththatithadnotbeenourluckyday.本段從"rose"(起床)寫起,然后是吃餐("nottomissbreakfast","closingatnineo'clock"),然后是"closetonoon",一直寫到這一天結(jié)束("Bynine按位置遠(yuǎn)近排列(spatialarrangement)。Fromadistance,itlookedlikeaskinnytube,butaswegotcloser,wecouldseeitfleshoutbeforeoureyes.Itwastubular,allright,butfatterthanwecouldseefromfaraway.Furthermore,wewerealsoastonishedtonoticethatthebuildingwasreallyintwoparts:apagodasittingontopofatubularone-storystructure.Standingtenfeetaway,wecouldmarvelathowmuchofthepagodawasmadeupofglasswindows.AlmosteverythingunderthewonderfulChineseroofwasmadeofglass,unlikethetubethatitwassittingon,whichonlyhadfour.Inside,thetubewasgloomy,becauseofthelackoflight.Thenasteep,narrowstaircasetookusupinsidethepagodaandthelight
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