中考英語(yǔ)初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)-人教版

語(yǔ)法（一）[名詞]基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞。可數(shù)名詞分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式，單數(shù)名詞可用a/an表示數(shù)量或類別。名詞復(fù)數(shù)分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化：一般在名詞詞尾加-s如：cake－cakes以s,ch,sh,x等結(jié)尾的名詞在詞尾加-es.如：box－boxes以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的名詞變y為i再加-es.如：city－cities以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變f，fe為v再加-es.如：leaf－leaves以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些加-es如：potato－potatoes;有些加-s如：radio－radios不規(guī)則變化：只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：clothes單復(fù)數(shù)同形，如：sheep形式上的復(fù)數(shù)，實(shí)際上是單數(shù)，如：physics形式上的單數(shù)，實(shí)際上是復(fù)數(shù)，如：people特殊變化：man－men,woman－women,foot－feet,child－children,tooth－teeth不可數(shù)名詞一般沒(méi)有單數(shù)形式，在句中全部看作單數(shù)形式，也不能與a(an)或數(shù)詞連用，表示數(shù)量得用“數(shù)詞＋量數(shù)＋of＋名詞”如：apieceofmusic。名詞所有格有生命的東西的名詞所有格構(gòu)成：?jiǎn)螖?shù)名詞后加’s。如：theboy’sbike不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在詞后加’s。如：people’sson以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在詞尾加’。如：thetwins’mother為兩個(gè)人或物共有的人或東西，只在后一個(gè)名詞加’s。如：MaryandTom’steacher；如不是兩人共有的，分別在兩個(gè)名詞后加’s如：Lily’sandLucy’sbeds；表示無(wú)生命的東西的名詞所有格常用介詞of＋名詞。如：thedoorofthehouse中考考題解析例1．I’mafraidthatnoforyouinmycar,becausetherearealreadyfivepeople.A.landB.groudC.roomD.floor(2003年山西省中考題)解析：本題考查名詞同義詞辨析。題干中提到車子里沒(méi)有地方，這里的地方應(yīng)該是指空間，且不可數(shù)名詞。正確答案是C。例2．Ted,takesometoschool.It’ssohotandyoumayfeelthirsty.A.breadB.bananasC.orangesD.juice解析：本題考查名詞的意義，通過(guò)句意判斷要買的是飲料，正確答案是D。例3．—Arethereanyonthefarm?－Yes,therearesome.A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep(2004年沈陽(yáng)市中考題)解析：本題考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，sheep單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)同形，正確答案是D。例4．Thisisbedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.AnneandJaneB.Anne’sandJane’sC.Anne’sandJaneD.AnneandJane’s（2004年河北省中考題）解析：本題考查名詞的所有格，bedroom是單數(shù)，題中用it代替它，說(shuō)明此臥室為兩個(gè)人共有，正確答案是D。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)自測(cè)1.Useyour,andyou’llfindagoodway.A.headB.mindC.heartD.eye2.Therearetwenty-eightdaysin.A.weekB.monthC.yearD.February3.Wecanseesomeinthepicture.A.shipB.sheepC.shopD.cup4.YesterdayafternoonIsawaintherestaurant.A.GermanyB.AmericanC.EnglishD.German5.Thehospitalisnotfarfromhere.It’sonlyfivewalk.A.minuteB.minutesC.minute’sD.minutes’6.MaryisanAmericangirl.IgottoknowherthroughanEnglishnewspaper.Weare.A.classmatesB.sistersC.writersD.penfriends7.NationalDayiscoming.Wewillhaveaholiday.A.sevendayB.sevenday’sC.seven-dayD.seven-days8.----Oh,thereisn’tenoughforusonthebus.----Itdoesn’tmatter.Let’swaitforthenext.A.roomB.placeC.groundD.floor9.----PleasegivemeawhenyouarriveinLondon,YangHua.----OK.I’lltellyoueverythingwhenIgetthere..A.newspaperB.ringC.TVsetD.ticket10.Thereislittleinthefridge,Let’sgoandbuysomecoke,juiceandtea.A.fruitB.drinkC.meatD.wine11.----Who’sthatwoman?----That’saunt.A.JimandKateB.Jim’sandKateC.JimandKate’sD.Jim’sandKate’s12.----Where’syourfather?----At.A.Mr.Chen’sB.TheMr.Chen’sC.ChensD.TheChens13.----Where’sthechurch?----It’sfromourschool.A.twohour’sdriveB.twohourdriveC.twohoursdriveD.twohours’drive14.----What’sonthetable?----There’salotofonit.A.orangesB.applesC.foodD.pears15.----Wouldyouhavesome?----Hereyouare.A.eggsandmilkB.eggandmilkC.eggsandmilksD.eggandmilks[代詞]基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理1．人稱代詞的主格與賓格主格用做句子的主語(yǔ)。賓格放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后面做句子的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如：Igivehimabook.人稱代詞it可用來(lái)表示距離,季節(jié),時(shí)間,天氣,溫度等，也可用來(lái)表示不知性別、不明身份的人，有時(shí)也可指嬰兒。如：It’s2kilometresfrommyhometothepark.2．形容詞性與名詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞不能單獨(dú)使用，只能作定語(yǔ)。名詞性物主代詞可作主語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),不能作定語(yǔ)，其后不可接名詞。名詞性物主代詞＝形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞如：－Isthathisruler?－Yes.It’shis.3．反身代詞反身代詞在句中可以作賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的搭配有byoneself,enjoyoneself,helponeself,teachoneself等。4．指示代詞指示代詞有this,that,these,those等。打電話時(shí)常用that問(wèn)對(duì)方是“誰(shuí)”，用this介紹自己。5．疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞有who,whom,whose,what和which，一般放在句首，構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句。6．不定代詞不定代詞主要有：some,any,no,both,all,each,every,other(s),another,neither,many,much,few,afew,little,alittle等。some,anysome一般用于肯定句，any用于疑問(wèn)句,否定句及條件句中。但some還可用在表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、建議等疑問(wèn)句或說(shuō)話人希望得到對(duì)方肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中。many,much,few,afew,little,alittle,many,much主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，在肯定句中多用alotof等。many修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，反義詞是few。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，反義詞是little。few,afew用來(lái)修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞，little,alittle用來(lái)修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞。few,little表示否定，afew,alittle表示肯定。theother,anothertheother指兩個(gè)中另一個(gè)，another指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的“又一”“再一”。both,neither,either,all,noneboth“兩者都”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。neither“兩者都不”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。either“兩者任何一個(gè)”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)只能修飾單數(shù)名詞。all“全部”，表肯定。none“全部不”，表示全體否定。each,everyeach指兩者或兩者以上，側(cè)重個(gè)別情況。every指三者或三者以上，側(cè)重全體而不在個(gè)別。中考考題解析－Thismachineisveryeasytouse.－canlearntouseitinaveryshorttime.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.NobodyD.Fewpeople(2003年南昌市中考題)解析：本題考查不定代詞的詞義的用法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境我們得知機(jī)器很容易使用，所以“任何人”在短期內(nèi)都可以學(xué)會(huì)。正確答案是B。－Isthisyoursweaterjoy?－No,it’snotsweater.isyellow.A.my,MyB.my,MineC.mine,MineD.mine,My(2004年哈爾濱市中考題)解析：本題考查物主代詞的用法。形容詞性物主代詞后要接名詞，名詞性的物主代詞不能接名詞。正確答案是B。－Doyouknowthewomaninthereddress?－Certainly.She’sMrsXu.Sheteacheschemistry.A.ourB.usC.weD.ours(2004吉林省中考題)解析：本題考查人稱代詞的用法。放在動(dòng)詞之后，應(yīng)用人稱代詞賓格。正確答案為B。例4．—JoanandRickyaretoobusytohelpus.Let’sdoit.herselfB.himselfC.themselvesD.ourselves(2004年山西省中考題)解析：本題考查反身代詞的用法。題干的意思是“JohnandRicky太忙了，幫不了我們，只有我們自己去做”。正確答案是D。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)自測(cè)1.MrWanghasthreedaughters.ofthemarecollegestudents.A.EachB.EveryC.BothD.All2.IwanttoborrowsomemoneyfromKate,butshehasn’t.A.someB.anyC.moneyD.one3.Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youmayfallbehindstudents.A.theotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers4.Weworkedoutthemathsproblems,didn’t?A.ourselves;usB.ourselves;weC.ourselves;ourD.ourselves;ours5.Yourhandwritingisbetterthan.A.IB.meC.mineD.my6.I’moldenoughtowashclothesbymyself.Youcanjustwash.A.my;yourB.your;myC.my;yoursD.mine;yours7.Twolanguagesarethemostwidelyused.OneisChinese,isEnglish.A.anotheroneB.anotherC.theotherD.theothers8.Wewanttogotoseetheanimals.Butofusknowshowtogettothezoo.A.AllB.NoneC.NooneD.Nobody9.Wecouldn’teatintherestaurantbecauseofushadmoney.A.any;noB.all;noC.none;anyD.noone;any10.----Isreadyfortheparty?----Notyet.Westillneedtobuysomefruitanddrink.A.nothingB.somethingC.everythingD.anything11.Thatriverisverydangerous.Sopeopleswimthere.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little12.Thosecoatsinthisshoparemoreexpensivethan.A.thoseinthatshopB.thosecoatsC.intheshopD.anyotherstudents13.WuFengistallerthaninhisclass.A.anyB.anyotherC.anyotherstudentD.anyotherstudents14.Sorry,Ican’tansweryourquestions,becauseIknowaboutthesubject.A.fewB.littleC.afewD.alittle15.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachpersontohave.A.itB.thoseC.themD.one16.----Nicetoseeyou,MrsLiu.----.A.Me,too.B,Thesametoyou.C.Thankyou.D.I,too.17.Ifoundimpossiblefortosolvetheproblem.A.it;heB.it;himC.that;himD.that;he18.----Hello,whoisspeaking?----isJoyspeaking.A.this;ThatB.it;itC.that;ThisD.that;She19.----Isthatmanyourteacher?----Yes,teachesmathsthisterm.A.He;usB.He;ourC.She;usD.She;our20.Idon’tlikeoftheskirts.Pleaseshowmeathirdone.A.anyB.oneC.eitherD.both[數(shù)詞]基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目的多少用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)數(shù)字時(shí)，十位與個(gè)位之間有連字符，百位與千位之間有and。表示概數(shù)時(shí)用固定短語(yǔ)，如：hundredsof,thousandsof,millionsof序數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目的順序序數(shù)詞前常加the，與不定冠詞a連用表示“又一，再一”。分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時(shí)，分母加s，如2/3twothirds.中考考題解析例1．Thisbridgeisaboutlong.A.fivehundredmetreB.fivehundredsmetresC.fivehundredmetresD.fivehundredsmetre(2004年西寧市中考題)解析：本題考查數(shù)詞的基本用法。當(dāng)hundred前有具體數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)不能用復(fù)數(shù)，因此，排除B和D。另外metre是可數(shù)名詞，故正確答案是C。例2．----What’sonefourthandahalf,doyouknow?----Yes,it’s.A.twosixthsB.threefourthsC.onethreeD.threesixths（2004年杭州市中考題）解析：本題考查分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)，根據(jù)句意1/4+1/2=3/4，正確答案是B。例3．Therearepeopleinmyfamily.Weliveonthefloorinabuilding.A.five;sixB.fifth;sixthCfifth;sixD.five;sixth（2004年長(zhǎng)沙市中考題）解析：本題考查基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別。家里有5個(gè)人用基數(shù)詞，住在第六層用序數(shù)詞。正確答案是D。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)自測(cè)1.Decemberismonthoftheyear.A.twelveB.twelfthC.thetwelveD.thetwelfth2.foreignerscometoChinaeveryyear.A.ThousandsB.ThreethousandsC.ThousandsofD.Thousandof3.Wednesdayisthedayoftheweek.A.thirdB.fourthC.fifthD.sixth4.MrLiwillbebackin.A.oneortwodaysB.onedayortwoC.aortwodaysD.adayortwo5.ThereareusuallydaysinFebruary.A.27B.28C.30D.316.----What’stheEnglishfor“6:05”?----It’s.A.sixtofiveB.sixpastfiveC.fivetosixD.sixfive7.Eightbilliononehundredandthirty-twothousandandeight-sevenis.A.8,000,132,000B.8,132,000,000C.8,000,132,087D.8,000,132,1878.TheOlympicGamesareheldonce.A.everyfouryearsB.everyfouryearC.every-four-yearD.eachfourthyear9.----holidayiscoming.Whatareyougoingtodo?----I’venoidea.A.SevendaysB.Seven-days’C.Seven-dayD.Seven-days10.Thedate“July21st,2004”reads.Julytwenty-one,twothousandandfourJulytwenty-first,twothousandandfourJulythetwenty-first,twothousandandfourJulythetwenty-one,twozerozerofour[介詞]基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理介詞是英語(yǔ)中最活躍的詞類之一，常與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。下面歸納幾種常用的介詞：in,at,on,toin,at,on可以表示時(shí)間，in表示一段時(shí)間。at多用于鐘點(diǎn)時(shí)刻前。on主要在星期幾，具體某一天或某一天的早、午、晚或節(jié)日前。in,at,on還可以表示地點(diǎn)。in表示國(guó)家城市等大地方，at表示某一點(diǎn)或用于小地點(diǎn)前。in表示“在…里面”，on表示“在…上”。in,to,on可表示方位，in表示在某一地區(qū)之間的方位（屬于該范圍），on表示與某一地區(qū)的比鄰關(guān)系，to表示在某一地區(qū)之外的某方位（不屬于該范圍）。between,amongbetween常指“在…（兩者）之間”，among“在…（三者或三者以上的人或物之間）。above,over,on,below,underabove和over都表示“在…上方”。above指在上方的任意一點(diǎn)，表示在某物上的高低位置，不接觸，反義詞為below。over一般指垂直方向，反義詞under。on“在…上面”且互相接觸。by,in,within用來(lái)表示“用語(yǔ)言，聲音等”，也可表示“用工具，材料等”。by后一般跟動(dòng)名詞或抽象化的可數(shù)名詞（其前不用冠詞）“用…手段或方式”。with表示借助于某一具體的工具，材料或人體器官。in,afterin,after都可用來(lái)表示“在…以后”。in表示從現(xiàn)在算到若干時(shí)間以后，in只可接時(shí)間段，in+一段時(shí)間，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)。after表從過(guò)去算起到若干時(shí)間以后，后可接時(shí)間段或時(shí)間點(diǎn)，after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)也可用于將來(lái)時(shí)。across,through,pastacross表示“從…表面穿過(guò)”或沿某一條線的方向而進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，表示游渡乘船過(guò)海時(shí)用across。through表示“從…中間穿過(guò)”。past表示“從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)”。初中常見(jiàn)有介詞固定搭配的詞組：agreewith,atfirst,atnight,atonce,attheageof,atthebeginning/end/headof,atthemoment,attimes,atthesametime,befamousfor,befullof,begoodat,beinterestedin,bemadeof/in,bepleasedwith,beproudof,beusedfor,byplane/sea,bytheway,catchupwith,comein/on,comeover,comeout,comeupwith,dowellin,dropoff,fallbehind,falloff,findout,firstofall,forexample,from…to,getonwellwith,geton,giveup,hardin,hearof,helpyourselfto,help…with,holdon,hourafterhour,inahurry,inEnglish,infact,infront,infrontof,intheair,intheend,inthefuture,inthisway,intime,insteadof,kindsof,lateron,laughat,learn…from,leave…behind,listento,liveon,lookafter,lookat,lookfor,looklike,lookout,lookup,makeroomfor,multiply…by，nextto,not…atall,ondisplay,onearth，onfoot,noone’swayto,noshow,ontheleft/right,ontheotherhand,ontime,onwatch,outof,payfor,playajokeon,pointat,pointto,puton,putup,putoff,regard…as,ringup,runout,saygoodbyeto,speakhighlyof,standinline,stepinto,stop…from,takecareof,talkabout,talkwith,thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,toone’ssurprise,tryon,tryout,turndown/off/on,upanddown,waitfor,wakeup,whatabout,workout中考考題解析例1．Don’ttellanybodyaboutit,keepityouandme.A.withB.inC.betweenD.among（2004年山西省中考題）解析：本題考查介詞的用法。between指兩者之間，among指三者或三者以上的人或物之間，正確答案是C。例2．Mygrandfatheroftenreadsnewspapersbreakfast.A.onB.inC.atD.of(2004年昆明市中考題)解析：本題考查介詞on,in,at在表達(dá)時(shí)間時(shí)的區(qū)別。在表示時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)、一時(shí)刻時(shí)通常用介詞at；in指某個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)；在具體時(shí)日和一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間前用on，因此正確答案是C。例3．XinjiangisoneofthelargestprovincesinChina.It’sthenorthwestofChina.A.atB.inC.toD.from解析：本題考查介詞in,to表示方位的區(qū)別。in表示某一地區(qū)的范圍內(nèi)，to表示某一地區(qū)之外，在范圍外，正確答案是B。例4．TheengineerwillreturnfromMacaoafewdays.A.sinceB.inC.onD.after(2003年昆明市中考題)解析：本題考查in,after表示時(shí)間的區(qū)別。in后跟一段時(shí)間，用于將來(lái)時(shí)；after后跟一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。正確答案時(shí)B。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)自測(cè)1.Hisfatherwaslatethemeetingyesterday.A.atB.forC.toD.in2.thehelpofTVwecanknowmoreaboutmanyothercountries.A.UnderB.OnC.WithD.About3.Theteachercameintotheclassroomabookinherhand.A.forB.hadC.ofD.with4.Thesebeautifulflowersaremadesilk.A.aboutB.byC.ofD.with5.ThemenredsportsshirtsaretheplayersofGuo’anTeam.A.atB.inC.fromD.with6.Helikesthebookalot.Hespendtwenty-eightyuanit.A.onB.inC.byD.at7.HanMeiisbetterthanmedancing.A.atB.inC.ofD.for8.Ioftenhavesomevegetableslunchatschool.A.inB.forC.ofD.to9.Whicheventswashethissportsmeeting?A.atB.ofC.onD.in10.That’sverykindyou.Iknowit’sverydifficultyou.A.for;forB.of;ofC.for;ofD.of;for11.Theparkisverybeautiful,withflowersgrowingtheriverbank.A.acrossB.alongC.roundD.through12.Thankyouyourhelp.Ifinishedtheworkintime.A.forB.toC.ofD.with13.WearriveNanjinglatenight.AndsoonIfoundahotel.A.in;inB.at;atC.at;inD.in;at14.Theydidn’tcomeherebusiness,butaholiday.A.for;onB.on;atC.on;forD.for;for15.ayoungman,youshouldbealwaysreadyhelpothers.A.As;toB.Like;toC.As;forD.Like;for[連詞]基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理連詞可以連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)及句子與句子。連詞分為兩類：并列連詞和從屬連詞。初中學(xué)過(guò)的并列連詞有：and,but,notonly…butalso，so,or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and,whether…or,either…or初中學(xué)過(guò)的從屬連詞有：when,while,as,after,before,since,until/till,assoonas,because,if,unless,eventhough,though/although,asif,than,as…as,sothat,so…that,such…that,whether中考考題解析----Shallwegoonworking?----Yes,Iprefertohavearest.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though(2004年江西省中考題)解析：本題考查從屬連詞的辯義。從上下文語(yǔ)境中看出，“雖然想休息，但是還得繼續(xù)工作”。因此正確答案是D。例2．----IreallywanttoknowSunYaois.----Itissaidthatheismuchbetterthesedays.A.whatB.howC.whereD.who(2004年安徽省中考題)解析：本題考查從屬連詞的辯義。從答句告訴我們“據(jù)說(shuō)這些天他身體好多了?！蔽覀儽憧傻弥獜木涞倪B詞是關(guān)于詢問(wèn)身體狀況的。因此正確答案是B。例3．—Ilikeridingfast.It’sveryexciting.－Oh,youmustn’tdoitlikethat,itmayhaveanaccident.A.andB.orC.soD.but(2004年吉林省中考題)解析：本題考查并列連詞的用法。and表示順序，or表示否定假設(shè)，so表示結(jié)果，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，根據(jù)句意，正確答案應(yīng)為B。意思是“…否則會(huì)出事故的?！崩?．Ienjoythepopulardance“hip-hop”,butmyfathermymotherlikesit.A.both…andB.notonly…butalsoC.either…orD.neither…nor(2004年上海市中考題)解析：本題考查連詞，both…and表示“兩者都”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；notonly…butalso“不但…而且”與題干中的but不能出現(xiàn)在同一句中意思不符；either…or與題干中的but意思也不相符，該句的意思是“我喜歡…，但我的父母不喜歡?！币虼苏_答案為D。三．專項(xiàng)練習(xí)自測(cè)1.----JimTomworkshardenough.----Ithinkso.I’msuretheywon’tpasstheexamination.A.Either;orB.Notonly;butalsoC.Not;butD.Neither;nor2.He’sgoingtoAmericanextweek,he’sthere,he’llvisithisfriendsinNewYork.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.because3.Jimlikesrockmusic,hisfriendTomenjoyslightmusic.A.whileB.butC.forD.and4.Pleasetakeawaythebigstoneontheroad,theremaybeanaccident.A.andB.orC.soD.then5.Heisveryrichheisnothappy.A.andB.soC.butD.for6.Heputonhiscoatwentout.A.butB.andC.orD.so7.----Youdon’tworryaboutyourlifework.Wewillhelpyou.----Thankyou.A.andB.butC.norD.or8.Everybodyishere,Timisaway.A.andB.orC.butD.so9.MrsWhiteknowslittleEnglish,hecan’tunderstandtheinstructionsofthemachine.A.soB.orC.butD.for10.Couldyoutellmewe’llhaveasportsmeetingnextweek?A.whenB.whatC.thatD.where11.Idon’tknowhecomehereornottomorrow.A.whyB.thatC.whatD.whether12.Anndidn’tgotoseethefilmyesterdayshewasill.A.becauseB.butC.ifD.until13.Couldyoutellmetheyarelookingfor?A.whereB.whenC.whyD.who14.----DoyouknowhehasstayedinHainan?----Abouttwomonths.A.howsoonB.howlongC.howoftenD.howold15.Idon’tunderstandmyEnglishteachersaidjustnow.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which[冠詞]基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理冠詞有兩種：定冠詞the和不定冠詞a,an不定冠詞a,an。a用于輔音音素前，an用于元音音素前。不定冠詞的用法：用在單位可數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或物，指一類中的任何一個(gè)。表示數(shù)量“一個(gè)”，但數(shù)的概念沒(méi)有one強(qiáng)。指某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。用在某些固定詞組中。如：apairof,halfanhour,haveacold,haveagoodtime等。定冠詞the定冠詞的用法特指某人或某物，談話雙方都知道的或上文提到過(guò)的人或物。世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。特指上文提到過(guò)的人或事物。用在序數(shù)詞和形容級(jí)最高級(jí)前。用于某些專有名詞前。用在一些詞組用語(yǔ)中。如：inthemorning/afternoon/evening,allthetimeintheend,inthemiddleof,ontheright/left不用冠詞的情況表示材料、三餐飯、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前在星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日前復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)名詞前已有物主代詞，指示代詞，名詞所有格等修飾時(shí)在不可數(shù)名詞前在某些固定詞組中，如：bybus/plane,athome,gettoschool,introuble,inbed,atonce,onfoot等。二．中考考題解析例1．ThisissongI’vetoldyouabout.Isn’tit_____beautifulone?A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the(2004年江西省中考題)解析：本題考查冠詞的用法。題干中第一句提到的song是特指的“我告訴過(guò)你的”。故用定冠詞the；第二句用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前，表示“一”，用不定冠詞a。正確答案是C。例2．Whatfineweatherwehasthesedays！A.aB.theC./D.an(2004年天津市中考題)解析：本題考查不用冠詞的情況。weather為不可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。正確答案為C。例3．MrSmithalwaysgivesmehandwhenIamintrouble.A.aB.anC.theD.不填(2004年杭州市中考題)本題考查固定短語(yǔ)中的冠詞。giveahand是個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)。正確答案是A。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)自測(cè)1.Jillisuniversitystudent.Helikesplayingfootball.A.a;theB.an;theC.a;/D.an;/2.earthmovesaroundsun.A.The;theB.The;aC.A;theD./;/3.----Wouldyoulikebottleorange?----No.I’dlikeorange.A.a;of;aB.an;of;aC.a;of;anD.a;/;an4.Mid-autumnFestivaliscoming.A.TheB.AC.AnD./5.horseisusefulanimal.A.An;aB.A;anC.A;aD.An;An6.BrownsgottoBeijingyesterdayevening.TheyaregoingtoseeGreatWalltomorrowmorning.A./;theB.The;/C./;/D.The;the7.Todaywe’lltalkaboutuseofEnglish-Chinesedictionaries.A.the;/B.a;anC.the;anD.an;the8.----Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?----Itiseight-kilometerswalk.A.the;anB./；anC.the;aD./；a9.Linglingisalwaysfirsttogettoschool.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/10.Moreandmorepeoplewouldliketoworkinwestofourcountrynextyear.A.a;theB.the;/C.the;theD./;a[形容詞副詞]一．基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理形容詞用來(lái)修飾名詞，表示名詞的屬性，特征或性質(zhì)，在句中作賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)。副詞在句中主要用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)的形式變化。單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞，一般在詞尾加-er或-est。以字母e 結(jié)尾的加－r或st。以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，應(yīng)先雙寫這一輔音字母，再加-er或-est。以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的詞先改y為i再加-er或-est。部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)前面加more或most，少數(shù)以er，ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，可接-er,-est。不規(guī)則變化,good/well-better-bestbad/ill/badly-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-farther-farthestold-older/elder-oldest/eldest形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法。very,quite,so,too等詞后面用原級(jí)，as＋原級(jí)＋as，notas(so)＋原級(jí)＋as。兩者作比較用比較級(jí)，much,alittle,alot,still,even用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，“比較級(jí)＋比較級(jí)”或“moreandmore＋比較級(jí)”表示越來(lái)越。在進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，比較的對(duì)象必須是同類事物?！癟he＋比較級(jí)…，the＋比較級(jí)…”表示“越…越…”。三者或三者以上作比較用最高級(jí)，最高級(jí)前加the（副詞最高級(jí)前可省去the）。中考考題解析例1．---MrZhou,ofallthestudentsinourgroup,wholives?---IthinkLiLeidoes.A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.thefarther(2004年吉林省中考題)解析：本題考查副詞比較等級(jí)的用法。of短語(yǔ)表示比較的范圍應(yīng)用最高級(jí)，正確答案是C。例2．Oct.15thwasoneofdaysin2003.Shenzhou-Vwassentupsuccessfully.A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.themostexcitingD.muchexciting(2004年濟(jì)南市中考題)解析：本題考查形容詞最高級(jí)的用法。oneof之后用形容詞的最高級(jí)，正確答案是C。例3．NowmoreandmoreChinesepeopleareenoughtobuycars.A.happyB.poorC.weakD.rich(2004年陜西省中考題)本題在語(yǔ)境中考查形容詞的辯義。根據(jù)句意“越來(lái)越多的人很富有能買得起車”，因此正確答案為D。例4．Idon’tlikewesternfood.A.clearlyB.reallyC.widelyD.mostly（2004年南寧市中考題）解析：本題考查副詞的用法，根據(jù)句意強(qiáng)調(diào)不喜歡的程度，正確答案為B。專項(xiàng)練習(xí)自測(cè)1.----Howmuchcanyouaffordtobuythedigitalcamera?----Thethebetter,I’mshortofmoneyyousee.A.lessB.cheaperC.moreexpensiveD.fewer2.Volleyballisakindofsport,youcan’tplayitbyyourself.That’swhyourteamisthewinner.A.teamB.popularC.funnyD.exciting3.Sheis.Passherapieceofdeliciouscake,please.A.tiredB.angryC.happyD.hungry4.----Mum,IthinkI’mtogobacktoschool.----Notreally.You’dbetterstayinbedforoneortwomoredays.A.sogoodB.veryfineC.toohealthyD.wellenough5.Allofthesesubjects,Ilikemaths.A.wellB.moreC.betterD.best6.Wouldyoupleasereadit?Istillcan’tfollowyou.A.loudlyB.moreloudlyC.slowlyD.moreslowly7.----HasJohngonetoLondon?----No.HeisinParis.A.yetB.stillC.notD.already8.Weliketheplaceverymuchandwedidn’twanttoleavewhentimeisup.A.evenB.everC.onlyD.still9.TomakeourspokenEnglishbetter,andweshouldspeakasaspossible.A.moreB.manyC.muchD.soon10.Jackisagoodstudent,andhelearnsChinese.A.goodB.wellC.fineD.nice11.Doyougetupyourparents?A.asearlyasB.earlierC.muchearlyD.earliest12.Mygrandmalivesinaplace.Shelivestostayinaplace.A.quiet;quiteB.quietly;quietlyC.quite;quietlyD.quiet;quietly13.----Doyoulikephysics?----Yes.ButIthinkit’ssubjectatschool.A.verydifficultB.veryeasyC.themostdifficultD.theeasiest14.XinjianghasrainthanFujiandoes.A.muchlessB.littleC.morelessD.few15.Lindaistheinherfamily,allhersistersaremuchyounger.A.youngestB.oldestC.largestD.least16.Thisstoryisveryandtheboysareallinit.A.interested;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interested;interestD.interesting;interested17.Thisroomissosmallthatitcanholdfiftystudents.A.almostB.hardlyC.reallyD.nearly18.Ofallthestudents,Ispentthetimebutmadethemistakesintheexam.A.least,fewestB.least;leastC