高考英語第一輪語法專攻復習課件

高中英語主要句型56一、以形式主語it引導的句型。句型1Itsohappened(chanced)that+clausesb.happened/chancedtodosthsb.didsth.bychance.如:?IthappenedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere.當我到那兒時,碰巧他不在。=HehappenedtobeoutwhenIgotthere.ItchancedthathewasoutwhenIgotthereHewasoutbychancewhenIgotthere?句型2?Itseemsthatsb.do/bedoing/havedone/haddoneSb.seemstodo/tobedoing/tohavedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone(還有動詞appear等可這樣使用)如:ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.他好象以前去過北京。=HeseemedtohavebeentoBeijingbefore句型3Itis/was+被強調(diào)的部分+thatwho+剩余的部分.如:?Itwasn'tuntilhecamebackthatIwenttobed.直到他回來我才睡覺。一定要注意被強調(diào)句型中的謂語動詞否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschooltoday.只因為他有病了今天沒有來上學。(只能用because而不能用for,as或since)?ItisIwhoamastudent.我確實是個學生。(句中am不能用are來代替。)句型4?Itishightimetime/abouttime+that主語+did/shoulddo+其它。從句中的謂語動詞用的是虛擬語氣。如:?Itishightimethatweshouldgo/wenthome.我們該回家了。句型5?Itis/wassaidreported,thought,believed,supposed…+that+從句.如:?Itwassaidthathehadreadthisnovel.據(jù)說他讀過這篇小說。=Hewassaidtohavereadthisnovel句型6?Itisimpossible/necessary/strange…thatclause.從句中的謂語用should+do/shouldhavedone,其形式是虛擬語氣。如:?Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedinthisexam.真奇怪,他這次考試沒有及格。句型7?Itis+apity/ashame…thatclause.注意從句中的謂語動詞用shoulddo或shouldhavedone的形式,但should可以省略。如:?Hedidn'tcomebackuntilthefilmended.Itwasapitythatheshouldhavemissedthisfilm.他直到電影結(jié)束才回來。他沒有看到這部電影真可惜。?句型8?Itissuggested/ordered/commanded/…that+clause.從句的謂語動詞用shoulddo,但should可以省略。如:?Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.有人建議推遲會議。句型9?Itis/was+表示地點的名詞+where+從句。(注意本句不是強調(diào)句型,而是以where引導的定語從句。)如:?ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.請比較:ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.后一句是強調(diào)句型。?句型10?Itis/was+表示時間的名詞+when+從句。(注意本句型也不是強調(diào)句型,而是以when引導的定語從句。)如:?Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.請比較:Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates句型9?Itis/was+表示地點的名詞+where+從句。(注意本句不是強調(diào)句型,而是以where引導的定語從句。)如:?ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.請比較:ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.后一句是強調(diào)句型。?句型10?Itis/was+表示時間的名詞+when+從句。(注意本句型也不是強調(diào)句型,而是以when引導的定語從句。)如:?Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.請比較:Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates句型11?Itiswell-knownthat+從句。如:?Itiswell-knownthatsheisalearnedwoman.眾所周知,她是個知識淵博的婦女。?句型12?Itis+段時間+since+主語+did.請比較:?Itwas+段時間+since+主語+haddone.如:?Itisfiveyearssincehelefthere.他已經(jīng)離開這兒五年了。?Itwasfiveyearssincehelefthere.(同上)注意下列句型的翻譯:Itisfiveyearssincehelivedhere.他從這兒搬走已經(jīng)有五年了。句型13?It+謂語+段時間+before+主語+謂語.(before引導的是時間狀語從句。)如:?Itwasn'tlongbeforethepeopleinthatcountryroseup.沒有多久那個國家的人民就起義了。?Itwillbethreehoursbeforehecomesback.三個小時之后他才能回來。?句型14?Itis+形容詞possible,impossible,necessary等+for+sb.+todo.如:?Itisimpossibleformetofinishthisworkbeforetomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。?句型15?Itis+(心理品質(zhì)方面的)形容詞+of+sb.+todo.主語+be+形容詞+todo.常用的形容詞有:kind,stupid;foolish,good,wise等。如:?Itiskindofyoutohelpme.=Youarekindtohelpme.你真好給我提供了幫助。二、定語從句:?句型16?由as引導的非限定性的定語從句。如:?Aswehaveknown,heisamostgoodstudent.眾所周知,他是個很好的學生。請比較:Itiswell-knownthatheisamostgoodstudent.(前一個是定語從句,而后者是個主語從句。)句型17?由which引導的非限定性的定語從句。如:?Heisaprofessor,whichIhavebeenlookingforwardtobecoming.他是個教授,那是我一直盼望的職業(yè)。(因為先行詞professor是表示職業(yè)的名詞,因此引導詞用which,而不用who。句型18?由where,when引導的定語從句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:?ThisisthehousewhereIusedtocome.請比較:Thisisthehousewhich/thatIusedtocometoThisisthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.請比較:Thisisthedaywhich/thatIjoinedthePartyon(說明:關于that與which之間的區(qū)別,請看關系代詞that和which的區(qū)別。)三、讓步狀語從句?句型19?Nomatterwhat/which/who/where/when/whose+從句,+主句.注意從句中的時態(tài)一般情況下用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如:?Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.請比較:Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.無論你做什么,一定要做好。?Nomatterwhereyougo,pleaseletmeknow.請比較:Whereveryougo,pleaseletmeknow.你無論去哪兒,請通知我。?(說明:這兩種句型形式不同,而意義完全相同。)?(注意:Iwilltellwhoeverwouldliketoreadit.句中的whoever不能用whomever來代替。因為它即作動詞tell的賓語,又作后面從句的主語。)四、條件狀語從句?句型20?When/Solongas/Aslongas/Once+從句,+主句。(從句也可以放在主句之后。)如:?Aslongasyougivemeanymoney,Iwillletyougo.只要你給我一些錢,我就讓你走。?OnceyouhavebeguntolearnEnglish,youshouldlearnitwell.一旦你開始學習英語,你應該把它學好。?句型21?主句+onconditionthat+從句.如:?Iwillgowithyouonconditionthatyougivemeasumofmoney.我和你一起去的條件是你給我一些錢。?句型22?主句+unless+從句.注意:由于unless本身是否定詞,所引導的從句的謂語動詞用肯定而不用否定。如:?Iwillgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.我明天去那兒除非下雨。句型23?祈使句,+and/andthen+主句。(注意:祈使句也可用一個名詞短語。)如:?Useyourhead,andyouwillfindagoodidea.動腦筋想一想,你就會想出一個好主意。?Anotherword,andIwillbeatyou.你再說一句,我就揍你。?句型24?If+necessary/impossible/important等,+主句.注意:if與形容詞之間的itis被省略。如:?Ifnecessary,Iwilldoit.如果有必要的話,我來做此事。五、原因狀語從句?句型25?主句+incase+從句.(incase表示以免)如:?Iwilltakemyraincoatincaseitrains.我要把雨衣帶上以免下雨。?句型26?主句+dueto/becauseof/owningto/+thefactthat+從句。如:?Hedidnotcometoschoolbecauseofthefactthathewasill.由于他有病了,所以沒有來上學。六、時間狀語從句?句型27?When/While/As+從句,+主句.如:?WhenIwasinthecountry,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforyou.當我在農(nóng)村時,我常常給你打水。?句型28?主句+after/before+從句.如:?Theyhadn'tbeenmarriedfourmonthsbeforetheyweredevoiced.他們結(jié)婚不到四個月就離婚了。?Wewenthomeafterwehadfinishedthework.我們做完此工作就回家了。?句型29?主語+肯定謂語+until+從句.請比較:主語+否定謂語+until+從句.如:?Iworkeduntilhecameback.我一直工作到他回來。?Ididn'tworkeduntilhecameback.他回來我才開始工作。句型30?Assoonas/Immediately/Directly/Instantly/Themoment/Theinstant/Theminute+從句,+主句.如:?MyfatherwentoutimmediatelyIgothome.我一到家,我父親就出去了。?句型31?Nosooner+had+主語+done…than+主語+did.請比較:主語+had+nosooner+done…than+主語+did.如:?NosoonerhadIgottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.我一到北京就給你打電話了。請比較:IhadnosoonergottoBeijingthanIcalledyou句型32?Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+had+主語+done…when/before+主語+did.請比較:主語+had+hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+done…when/before+主語+didHardlyhadshehadsupperwhenshewentout.她一吃完晚飯就出去了。請比較:Shehadhardlyhadsupperwhenshewentout句型33?Bythetime+從句,+主句.(注意時態(tài)的變化。)如:?Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.到你回來時,我已經(jīng)寫完了這本書。?Bythetimeyoucomeback,Iwillhavefinishedthisbook.到你回來時,我將寫完這本書了。?句型34?each/everytime+從句,+主句.這時相當于whenever或nomatterwhen引導的從句。從句也可放在主句之后。如:?EachtimehecomestoHarbin,healwaysdropsinonme.每當他來哈爾濱,總是順便來看看我。七、地點狀語從句?句型35?Where+從句,+主句.如:?Wherethereisnorain,farmingisdifficultorimpossible.哪里沒有雨水,種莊稼是很難的或者是不可能的。?句型36、Anywhere/Wherever+從句,+主句.如:?AnywhereIgo,mywifegoestoo.無論我去哪兒,我的妻子也去哪兒。請比較:?Iwillgowhereveryousuggest.你建議我去哪兒,我就去哪兒。八、目的狀語從句?句型37?主句+inorderthat/sothat+從句.如:?IgotupearlyinorderthatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.我起得很早,以便能趕上早班車。?句型38?主句+for+sb.+todo.(注意動詞不定式復合結(jié)構在這兒作目的狀語。)如:?Hecamehereformetoworkoutthisproblem.他來這兒叫我?guī)退獬鲞@道難題。九、結(jié)果狀語從句?句型39?主句+sothat+從句.如:?Itwasverycold,sothattheriverfroze.天氣很泠,因此河水結(jié)冰了。?句型40?So+形容詞/副詞+特定動詞助動詞或系動詞+主語+…+that+從句SointerestingisthisbookthatIwouldliketoreaditagain.這本書那么有趣,我想再讀一遍。?句型41?主語+謂語+such+名詞+that+從句.如:?Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathewaspraisedbytheteacher.他進步很快,老師表揚了他句型42?Suchwas+主語+that+從句.這是個完全倒裝句。如:?Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.爆炸力這么大,所有的窗戶都被震碎了。句型43?主句+only+todosth.only和動詞不定式一起做結(jié)果狀語如:Iwokeupverylateonlytofindthatmywifehadgonetowork.我醒得很晚,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)我的妻子已經(jīng)上班了。十、比較狀語從句?句型44?The+形容詞比較級……,(主句)the+形容詞比較級+……如:?Thesooneryoudoit,thebetteritwillbe.越早越好。?句型45?主語+謂語+as+