2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3Familymatters突破語(yǔ)法大沖關(guān)學(xué)案外研版必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEUnit3Familymatters時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。[視察典例]1．Ioftenreadbooksinmysparetime.2．Maryisgoodatmusic.3．Theearthmovesaroundthesun.4．You'llmakegreatprogressifyouworkhard!5．Thetrainleavesat7：25thisevening.[歸納用法]1．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在常?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)(如例1)，常和often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday，onceaweek，rarely，seldom，hardly，ever，never等表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。2．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于描述主語(yǔ)的特征、性格、實(shí)力等(如例2)。3．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于陳述客觀(guān)事實(shí)或普遍真理(如例3)。4．在主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)描述將來(lái)的事情時(shí)，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)(如例4)。5．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按規(guī)定、支配或時(shí)辰表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常限于go，come，leave，start，begin，open，close，arrive，takeoff等表示“位置轉(zhuǎn)移”的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(詞組)，其后常跟有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如例5)。[即學(xué)即練1]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Healwayssleeps(sleep)withthewindowsopen.②Thesunrises(rise)intheeast.③Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifitrains(rain).④Helikes(like)playingbasketballwhilehisbrotherloves(love)surfingtheInternet.⑤Theconcertbegins(begin)at7：30andends(end)at9：30.二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：is/am/are＋現(xiàn)在分詞[視察典例]1．Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonintheclassroomnow.2．Thesedayswearehelpingthefarmersworkonthefarm.3．Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.4．Mr.SmithisleavingforNanjingtonight.5．Themeetingisbeginningatthreethisafternoon.[歸納用法]1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與now，atpresent，atthismoment，thesedays，thisweek/month等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(如例1、例2)。2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與always，continually，constantly，forever等表示頻度的副詞連用，表示常常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常含有厭煩、責(zé)怪、生氣、埋怨、贊揚(yáng)等情感(如例3)。3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以與come，go，leave，depart，arrive，stay，start/begin，lecture，takeoff等動(dòng)詞(詞組)連用，表示按支配或支配要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(如例4、例5)。[即學(xué)即練2]完成句子①Listen！Someoneissinginginthenextroom(在隔壁房間唱歌).②A(yíng)tpresent，scientistsarelookingforacureforcancer(正在找尋治療癌癥的方法).③Heisalwaysthinkingmoreofhimself(總是為自己想得多)butlittleofothers.④IamleavingforShanghai(即將動(dòng)身去上海)thedayaftertomorrowbutmyuncleisreturningfromabroad(要從國(guó)外回來(lái))tomorrow.⑤Don'tmakeanynoise！Thebabyissleeping(在睡覺(jué)).三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成：have/has＋過(guò)去分詞。[視察典例]1．Ihavealreadymadeaplanformystudyaheadoftime.2．WehavelearnedEnglishforeightyears.3．ItisthefirsttimeIhavedrivenacar.4．Thisisthemostinterestingfilmthathehasmade.5．Don'tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.[歸納用法]1．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成肯定的影響或結(jié)果，常與already，yet，never，before，sofar，uptonow等連用(如例1)。2．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作從過(guò)去起先持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或許還會(huì)接著下去(如例2)。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for＋時(shí)間段，since＋過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，sofar，recently，lately，thisweek，thismonth，thisyear，thesedays，during/inthelast/pastfewyears等。3．在“It/Thisisthefirst/second...lasttime＋從句”與“It/Thisisthe＋序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)＋名詞＋that從句”這兩個(gè)句型中，從句中的謂語(yǔ)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(如例3、例4)。4．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可用在狀語(yǔ)從句中代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)，這時(shí)從句的動(dòng)作要先于主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生(如例5)。[即學(xué)即練3]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thereportwentmissingin2012andnobodyhasseen(see)itsince.②ItisthesecondtimethatIhavemade(make)themistake.③Ihavebeen(be)heresinceIcame(come)twoyearsago.④China'shigh-speedrailwayshavegrown(grow)from9，000to25，000kilometresinthepastfewyears.⑤Hehasworked(work)hereforovertwentyyears.四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)構(gòu)成：shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形[視察典例]1．Iwill/shallgotovisithimnextweek.2．—Tomwasinjuredbadlyintheaccidentyesterday.—Oh，Ididn'tknow.Iwillseehimafterwork.3．Whereverhegoes，hewilltakeanumbrellawithhim.4．Oilwillfloatonwater.5．Thisjarwillholdakilo.[歸納用法]1．shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)(如例1)，特殊是表示客觀(guān)性的事情(如例4、例5)或在某條件下臨時(shí)確定去做的事情(如例2)只能用此結(jié)構(gòu)。2．will＋動(dòng)詞原形，還表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或?qū)?lái)的傾向(如例3)。[名師點(diǎn)津]表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可用以下形式：(1)begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的事情或近期準(zhǔn)備、準(zhǔn)備、有跡象表明要做某事。(2)be(just)aboutto＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的事，常譯為“剛要……，就要……”，不能與表示將來(lái)的詳細(xì)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但常與when連用。(3)betodo表示按支配、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、約定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。[即學(xué)即練4]完成句子①—Whattimeisit?—Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute，Iwillcheckitforyou(我去幫你查看一下).②Theyaretomeetattheschoolgate(將在學(xué)校門(mén)口見(jiàn)面).③Thenewschoolyearisabouttobegin(即將起先).④Iamgoingtovisitthevolunteers(準(zhǔn)備去探望那些志愿者們)thisevening.⑤Hewillbetwenty(將年滿(mǎn)二十歲)nextmonth.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。[視察典例]1．IgraduatedfromNo.1MiddleSchoolthreeyearsago.2．Shegotup，washedherface，cleanedherteeth，hadherbreakfastandthenwenttowork.3．Herfatherusuallydidsomehouseworkathomelastyear.4．Ididn'tknowyouwerehere.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?5．Wewouldnotleaveuntiltheteachercameback.[歸納用法]1．一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)(如例1)，常與明確表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：yesterday，lastweek，in1949，once，inthepast，afewdaysago等連用。2．一般過(guò)去時(shí)可表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作(如例2)。3．一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)常常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與often，usually，sometimes等表示頻度的詞連用(如例3)。4．一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示說(shuō)話(huà)人原來(lái)沒(méi)有料到、想到的事(如例4)。5．在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(如例5)。[即學(xué)即練5]單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)wasn'tabletohidemyeagernesswhenIasked(ask)，“Whatdoyouwishmetodonow？”②WhenhewasinHangzhou，heoftentook(take)awalkafterwork.③Tomwaslate.Heopened(open)thedoorquietly，movedinandwalked(walk)carefullytohisseat.④TomsaidhewouldcomeifIpromised(promise)towaitforhim.⑤Lucyturned(turn)offallthelightsbeforeshewentout.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Mybrotherplays(play)footballquitewell，buthehasn'tplayed(notplay)itsincelastyear.2．Hurryup，Peter！Thetaxiiswaiting(wait)forusatthegateofthehotel.3．ThisisthefirsttimeIhavecome(come)toChengduandIamdeeplyimpressedwithitsdeliciousfood.4．Heisgoingtovisithisgrandparentsassoonashearrives(arrive)inBeijing.5．Theteachertoldusthatlighttravels(travel)fasterthansound.6．Wewent(go)tothecinemalastnight.7．—IthoughtIhadremindedyoutotakeouttherubbish.—Oh，Iforgot.Iwilldo(do)itrightnow.8．Thissongsoundsverypleasant.Let'sgoupstairsandseewhoissinging(sing).9．Thelittlegirlisveryhappy，becauseshehassold(sell)outalltheflowers.10．Theshipleaves(leave)theportat8o'clocktomorrowmorning.Ⅱ.短文語(yǔ)法填空Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark？MyparentsandI1.willgo(go)tovisitthebiggestamusementparkinourcitynextweekend.Actually，thiswillbethethirdtimethatIhavevisitedit.Lastnight，I2.spent(spend)twohoursmakingsomepreparat