名師原創(chuàng)：Unit1-單元語法詳解課件（二）

Unit1ANewStart單元語法詳解(二)原創(chuàng)Cao

2021,4現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語◆現(xiàn)在分詞的前世今生現(xiàn)在分詞,又稱動詞的–ing形式，即在動詞后面加ing構(gòu)成，是分詞的一種，與過去分詞相對，是非謂語動詞中的一種形式，常在句子中充當定語，表語，補語，狀語，它既有動詞的性質(zhì)，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，又有形容詞和副詞的性質(zhì)，可以充當表語，定語，狀語，補足語?，F(xiàn)在分詞有一般式：doing；一般被動式：beingdone完成式：havingdone；完成被動式：havingbeendone.否定結(jié)構(gòu)是在

-ing前面加not.現(xiàn)在分詞在本單元中扮演的角色：充當狀語◆原句再現(xiàn)Turningaround,Isawawhite-hairedman.Lookingbackonmyhighschoollife,themostimportantadviceI’dgiveisthesewonderfulwordsfromthewriterMayaAngelou.◆詳細分解時間狀語原因狀語條件狀語結(jié)果狀語讓步狀語伴隨狀語現(xiàn)在分詞充當狀語→→一、現(xiàn)在分詞時間狀語,相當于時間從句⑴現(xiàn)在分詞一般式作時間狀語，例如：a.Hearingthenews,

alljumpedwithjoy.=Whentheyheardthenews,…b.

Readingcarefully,

hefoundsomethingnew.=Whenhereadcarefully，…c.

Arrivingatthebusstop,

hefoundTomthere.=Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,…d.Walkinginthepark,

shecameacrossafriend.

=Whenshewaswalkinginthepark,…小結(jié)1:現(xiàn)在分詞一般式作時間狀語時,時間上與主句時間相同;句法功能上相當于when/while引的時間狀語從句。⑵現(xiàn)在分詞完成式havingdone

作時間狀語，例如：a.Havingfinishedhishomework,

hewenttobed.=Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,…b.Havingwonthegame,

allofthemsanganddancedallnight.=Aftertheyhadwonthegame,…c.Havingbeentoldthatherdaughtergotsick,

shehurriedtotheschooltotakeherhome.=Aftershewastoldthatherdaughtergotsick,…小結(jié)

2:完成式havingdone作時間狀語，在時間上，havingdone表示的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前；句法功能上,相當于after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句二、現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語=because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。⑴現(xiàn)在分詞一般式作原因狀語，例如：a.Readingveryattentively,

heforgotthetimeforlunch.=Becausehewasreadingveryattentively,…b.Beingillyesterday,

hedidn’tcometoschool.=becausehewasillyesterday,…c.Notknowingheraddress,

hewenttoaskforhelp.=Becausehedidn’tknowheraddress,…⑵現(xiàn)在分詞完成式havingdone作原因狀語,例如：a.Havinglivedinthecountryformanyyears,

sheknowshowtogrowvegetables.=Becauseshehaslivedinthecountryforyears,…b.Nothavingreceivedanynewsforalongtime,sheisbecomingmoreandmorehomesick.=Becauseshehasnotreceivedanynewsformhomeforalongtime,…小結(jié)3:現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語,相當于一個原因狀語從句;根據(jù)時間關(guān)系使用一般式或完成式。三、現(xiàn)在分詞作條件狀語,等于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語句,例如：a.

Turningtotheleft,

youwillfindhim.=Ifyouturntotheleft,…b.Readingcarefully,

youwilllearnsth.new.=Ifyoureadcarefully,…四、現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，表示由前面的情況導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果或后果，例如：a.Thebuswascaughtinasnowstorm,thus

causingthedelay.b.Themandrankupthewater,

leavinganemptybottle.c.helefthalfway,

makingusunhappy.五、現(xiàn)在分詞作讓步狀語=讓步狀語從句，例如：a.

Beingill,

hekeptongoingtoschoolasusual.

=Thoughhewasill,…b.Havingmetthewordfortimes,

Idon’tknowit.=ThoughIhavemetthewordfortimes,…c.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,

Istillcouldn’tunderstandit.=ThoughIhavebeentoldmanytimes,…六、現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語或方式狀語，相當于并列謂語動詞,例如：a.Theywalkedalongthestreet,

talkingandlaughing.b.Theystoodbytheroadside

talkingabouttheplan.c.Shesatatthewindow,

readingthelatestnews.d.Shecametous,

runningveryquickly.=Thewalkedalongthestreet,talkedandlaughed=Theystoodbytheroadsideandtalkedabouttheplan=Shesatthewindowandreadthelatestnews=Shecametousandranveryquicklye.Followingaguide,

westartedtoclimbthehill.=Wefollowedaguideandstartedtoclimbthehill考點感悟①現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式：Not+doing/havingdonea.Not

having

receivedanynewsforalongtime,sheisbecomingmoreandmorehomesick.b.Not

knowing

heraddress,hewenttoaskforhelp.②注意時間關(guān)系：如果動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前,現(xiàn)在分詞就用完成式havingdone;如果動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生或在主句動作之后發(fā)生,現(xiàn)在分詞就用一般式doing,例如：a.

Hearing

thenews,alljumpedwithjoy.b.

Havingfinished

hishomework,hewenttobed.③抓住主被動關(guān)系：看現(xiàn)在分詞和主語是主謂關(guān)系還是動賓關(guān)系，如果是主謂關(guān)系就用主動，動賓關(guān)系就用被動，例如：a.

Havingbeentold

manytimes,

I

stillcouldn’tunderstandit.b.

Havingfinished

hishomework,

he

wenttobed.④時刻注意現(xiàn)在分詞邏輯主語和主句主語一致，例如：a.

Readingcarefully,

hefoundsthnew.=When

he

readcarefully,

he…b.

Beingillyesterday,

he

didn’tcometoschool=because

he

wasillyesterday,

he…◆即學即練1.

__________

(rise)

fromtheeast,the

sunlooksbigandbeautiful.2.___________

(last)twohours,themeetingended

finally.3.

______________

(realise)

thathewaswrong,heapologizedatonce.4.

________________(tell)thegoodnewsbefore,hewasnotexcited.5.Theoldsatunderatree,_________(think).6.________(be)ill,thescientistkeptonworking.在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的適當形式RisingLastingHavingrealisedHavingbeentoldthinkingBeing7.

Theylefthalfway,

_________(make)meconfused.8.

_____