第03輯開(kāi)學(xué)考試 2025屆新高三開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試卷02（北京卷）（教師版） 2025屆新高三英語(yǔ)提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）

絕密★啟用前2025屆新高三開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試卷02（北京卷）解析版（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿(mǎn)分：150分）第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Imovedtoanewcityandtookajobinmarketing.Ididn’treallyunderstandwhetheritappliedtome.IenjoyeddoingthingsthatIfelthad1.Asthemonthspassed,Ifeltitjustwasn’tforme.Ineededtofindawayout.Ajobadvertisementforaneditorforanewyouthmagazinecameatexactlytherighttime.Iappliedandwassuccessful.Myrolewastohelpteamsofyoungpeopleedittheircontentandhelpthemwiththeirwork.Ihadassumedthemagazinewouldbea(n)2ofgamesanddullreviews,soIwas3whenoneofthefirstpieceswrittenwasaboutsocialwelfare.4,IfoundsomethingIwasinterestedin.Ifelta5inmestraightaway.Ihadapurposeagain.Dayswerelosttodiscussinghottopicsand6thewordsoftheirstrongandopinionated(堅(jiān)持己見(jiàn)的)voices.7intheirworld,Icouldseemyselfmakingadifferencetotheteam’swritingability.Asourwebsite8increasedandtheworkshiftedtoreflectwhatouraudienceswanted,Idevelopedagreaterunderstandingofwhatyoungpeoplemightwanttoread.Thebiggestchangethejobbrought,thoughwastomywell-being.Itisrareyoufindyourselfinajobyoulove,onethatyouarehappyto9eachday.Iwasthrivinginthiscreativeenvironment,inspiredbythetalentedyoungpeopleIwashelpingto10theircareers.Now,Irealizethattherearejobsthatwillkeepyouhappy,energeticandinspired.1.A.purpose B.convenience C.restriction D.entertainment2.A.replacement B.mixture C.innovation D.symbol3.A.amused B.embarrassed C.touched D.surprised4.A.Naturally B.Generally C.Frequently D.Finally5.A.contrast B.shock C.change D.shame6.A.reading B.translating C.spelling D.copying7.A.Trapped B.Hidden C.Invested D.Imagined8.A.hits B.pages C.profits D.advertisements9.A.leavebehind B.gointo C.referto D.setaside10.A.transfer B.rescue C.discipline D.further【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.D5.C6.A7.C8.A9.B10.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述了放棄了自己不喜歡且感覺(jué)沒(méi)有目標(biāo)的工作，去應(yīng)聘了一個(gè)編輯工作，幫年輕人改稿子，作者覺(jué)得非常開(kāi)心，覺(jué)得自己改變了很多，對(duì)工作充滿(mǎn)熱情，對(duì)年輕人也很有幫助。1.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡做我覺(jué)得有意義的事情。A.purpose目的意圖，意義價(jià)值；B.convenience便利；C.restriction限制，約束；D.entertainment娛樂(lè)。根據(jù)上文“Ididn’treallyunderstandwhetheritappliedtome”可知，作者不知道為什么從事當(dāng)時(shí)的那份工作，所以推測(cè)，作者喜歡做有意義的事，下文“Ihadapurposeagain.”中purpose是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。2.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我原以為這本雜志會(huì)是一堆游戲和無(wú)聊評(píng)論的混合體，所以當(dāng)我看到最初的一篇文章是關(guān)于社會(huì)福利的時(shí)候，我感到很驚訝。A.replacement取代，替代品；B.mixture混合；C.innovation創(chuàng)新；D.symbol符號(hào)，象征。根據(jù)下文“ofgamesanddullreviews”可知，作者應(yīng)該是猜想年輕人寫(xiě)內(nèi)容多是這兩種的混合。故選B項(xiàng)。3.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.amused被逗笑的，愉悅的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.touched感動(dòng)的；D.surprised驚訝的，出乎意料的。根據(jù)下文“whenoneofthefirstpieceswrittenwasaboutsocialwelfare.____4____,IfoundsomethingIwasinterestedin”可知，作者原以為會(huì)看到年輕人作品會(huì)很無(wú)聊，事實(shí)看到寫(xiě)的是社會(huì)福利這樣有意義的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，所以作者感到很驚訝。故選D項(xiàng)。4.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：終于，我找到了我感興趣的事情。A.Naturally自然而然地；B.Generally一般來(lái)說(shuō)；C.Frequently頻繁地；D.Finally最后，終于。根據(jù)上文“Asthemonthspassed,Ifeltitjustwasn’tforme.Ineededtofindawayout.”以及下文“IfoundsomethingIwasinterestedin.”可知，幾個(gè)月過(guò)去了作者沒(méi)有找到合適的工作，終于找到自己喜歡又有意義的工作。故選D項(xiàng)。5.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我立刻感到我的內(nèi)心發(fā)生了變化。A.contrast對(duì)比；B.shock震驚；C.change變化，改變；D.shame羞恥。原來(lái)做的是不適合自己的工作，現(xiàn)在是自己很喜歡的工作，心情是變化了。下文“Ihadapurposeagain.”以及“Thebiggestchangethejobbrought,thoughwastomywell-being”都說(shuō)明作者感受到了自己的變化，其中change是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。6.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾天的時(shí)間在討論熱點(diǎn)話題和閱讀他們的強(qiáng)烈和堅(jiān)持己見(jiàn)的聲音中過(guò)去了。A.reading閱讀；B.translating翻譯；C.spelling拼寫(xiě)；D.copying復(fù)制。根據(jù)上文“Myrolewastohelpteamsofyoungpeopleedittheircontentandhelpthemwiththeirwork.”作者的工作是編輯，應(yīng)該是首先要閱讀表達(dá)年輕人觀點(diǎn)的文章，再進(jìn)行修改指導(dǎo)編輯。故選A項(xiàng)。7.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：投入到他們的世界中，我可以看到自己對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)的寫(xiě)作能力有很大的影響。A.Trapped困??；B.Hidden隱藏；C.Invested投資，投入；D.Imagined想象。根據(jù)上文“Dayswerelosttodiscussinghottopicsand______6______thewordsoftheirstrongandopinionated(堅(jiān)持己見(jiàn)的)voices.”可知，作者我喜歡這份工作，后面表示對(duì)這些年輕人的習(xí)作能力有了很大的影響，說(shuō)明作者應(yīng)該是全身心地投入的工作中。故選C項(xiàng)。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著我們網(wǎng)站點(diǎn)擊量的增加，并且我們的工作也在隨之轉(zhuǎn)變，反映我們的讀者想要什么，我對(duì)年輕人可能想要讀什么有了更深入的了解。A.hits點(diǎn)擊量；B.pages頁(yè)數(shù)；C.profits利潤(rùn)；D.advertisements廣告。下文“theworkshiftedtoreflectwhatouraudienceswanted”說(shuō)明網(wǎng)站點(diǎn)擊量增多了，故選A項(xiàng)。9.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：你很難找到自己喜歡的工作，一份你每天都樂(lè)意投入的工作。A.leavebehind甩在后面；B.gointo參加，開(kāi)始從事；C.referto參考，提及，指的是；D.setaside暫時(shí)擱置一邊。根據(jù)上文“Thebiggestchangethejobbrought,thoughwastomywell-being”以及下文“Iwasthrivinginthiscreativeenvironment”可知，作者找到了一份自己喜愛(ài)的工作，每天很投入地去做(gointo)。故選B項(xiàng)。10.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在這種創(chuàng)造性的環(huán)境下很充實(shí)，我?guī)椭@些有才華的年輕人取得事業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，而我也深受鼓舞啟發(fā)。A.transfer轉(zhuǎn)移，移交；B.rescue救援；C.discipline紀(jì)律，懲罰；D.further使進(jìn)一步，推進(jìn)。作者作為編輯幫這些年輕作者修改稿子，提高他們的寫(xiě)作能力，應(yīng)該是推動(dòng)了他們的事業(yè)更進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。PARIS-China'slegendarytabletennisplayerMaLongandartisticswimmerFengYuwillcarryChina'sflagatthe2024ParisOlympicGamesopeningceremonyonFridayevening.Ma,11hasclaimedthreeteamgoldsandtwosinglestitlesinpreviousOlympicGames,willbemakinghisfourthOlympicappearanceinParis.12(lead)China'sartisticswimmingteamtoasilvermedalatTokyo2020,the24-year-oldFenglookstodreambiggerinParis.Chinahasmadesteadyprogressinartisticswimminginrecentyears,sealinggoldsinallfiveOlympicroutinesattheWorldChampionshipsinDoha."Thetwocandidatesreflectour13(recognize)ofveteranathleteswhopersist14theircareers,aswellastheencouragementtotherisingeventsandyoungsters,"saidZhangXin,thesecretary-generaloftheChineseOlympicdelegation.【答案】11.who12.Havingled13.recognition14.in【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】中國(guó)傳奇乒乓球運(yùn)動(dòng)員馬龍和藝術(shù)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員馮羽在2024年巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)開(kāi)幕式上擔(dān)任中國(guó)國(guó)旗旗手。11.who。考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)指人，故填who。12.Havingled。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。Havingdone作狀語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生。故填Havingled。13.recognition?？疾閯?dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為的用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境需要一個(gè)名詞。故填recognition。14.in。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法。persisiin…表示“堅(jiān)持做某事”。故填in。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。PARIS--ChinesetoptennisplayerZhengQinwen15(successful)createdhistoryasshe16(defeat)topseedIgaSwiatektoreachtheParisOlympictennisfinalhereonAugust1atRolandGarros.AustralianOpenfinalistZhengimprovedChina'spreviousbestresultoflastfourintheOlympic17(women)singleseventbytwo-timeGrandSlamwinnerLiNa,beatingPoland'sSwiatek6-2,7-5.【答案】15.successfully16.defeated17.women's【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】8月1日，中國(guó)頂級(jí)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員鄭欽文在羅蘭加洛斯擊敗頭號(hào)種子伊加·斯維亞特，成功進(jìn)入巴黎奧運(yùn)會(huì)網(wǎng)球決賽，創(chuàng)造了歷史。15.successfully?？疾樾稳菰~轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞的用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。故填successfully。16.defeated。考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填defeated。17.women's。考查名詞所有格的用法。women’ssingles女子單打。故填women's。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。PARIS--China'sLiuYukunbaggedagoldmedalinhisOlympicdebutafterwinningthemen's50mrifle3positionshereonAugust1.18(qualify)firstwith594points,theworldrecordholderregistered463.6pointsinthefinal.Thisisthe19(four)shootinggoldforChinaattheParisOlympics.ShengLihaotook20individualgoldinmen's10mairrifle,twodaysafterwinningthefirstgoldofParis2024withhispairHuangYutinginthemixedteameventonSaturday.XieYuwonmen's10mairpistolonSunday.【答案】18.Qualified19.fourth20.an【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】8月1日，中國(guó)選手劉宇坤在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上首次亮相，以594分獲得第一名，獲得男子50米步槍3姿的金牌。18.Qualified。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境這里考查bequaifiedas/wih…。故填Qualified。19.fourth?？疾榈挠梅?。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ)。故填fourth。20.an?？疾椴欢ü谠~的用法。anindividualgold個(gè)人金牌。故填an。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYou’veracedtothesupermarketonlytorealiseyou’velefttheshoppinglisthome.Youneedtomemorisewhichgroceriestopickupbeforeyouforget.Thankfully,there’samemoryaidthat’sperfectforthejob:thepeg-wordmethod.Whatisthepeg-wordmethod?Itemploysasetofpre-determinedwords,regardedaspegwords,fortheto-be-rememberedinformation.Pegwordsactasastructuretohelpyourememberparticularitems.Essentially,you’rehanginginformationyouneedtorecallonthesepegs,whichallowsittoberecalledquicklyandeasily.Initially,tousethismethod,youwillhavetorememberthepegwordsaswellasthenumbers:one=bun

two=shoe

three=tree

four=door

five=hivesix=sticks

seven=heaven

eight=gate

nine=vine

ten=henThenextstepistocreateassociationsbetweentheinformationyouneedtorememberandtheitemlinkedwiththecorrespondingnumber.Ifthefirstitem,forinstance,ismilk,thenyouneedtovisualisethemilkandabun(小圓面包)together.Themoreunusualyoucanmakeyourimage,themorelikelyyouaretorememberit.Inthiscase,youcouldimagineabundrinkingaglassofmilk.Whyisituseful?Asthecaseshows,itismostusefulwhenitcomestorememberinglistsandyoucanrecallthelisteditemseasilyinorder.Anotherwaytousethismemoryaidistomemoriseimportantnumbers,likephonenumbersordates.Forinstance,youneedtorememberthatWilliamShakespearewasbornintheyear1564.First,changethatnumbertobun-hive-sticks-door.Thenimagineastorytohelpyouremembertheseries:WilliamShakespeareputabuninabeehivetocoatitinhoney,buthedidn’tlikehowstickyitbecamesohethrewitatadoor.Thepeg-wordmethodhasbeenwildlyrecognizedasahelpfulmemoryaid.Formoreinformation,pleasevisit/.21.Howcanweapplythepeg-wordmethodtorecallanitem?A.Listoutdifferentmeaningsoftheitem.B.Visualisetheitemandmemorizeitsimage.C.Choosetheitem’spegwordandrememberit.D.Createavisuallinkbetweentheitemanditspegword.22.Whatisthebestwaytorememberthenumber347withthepegwordsinthetable?A.Ahendrinksfromabottleofwine.B.Aloadofeggsgrowlikefruitonatree.C.Atreegrowsthroughthedoortoheaven.D.Anappleshootsoutofabunandhitsthedoor.23.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Tointroduceahelpfulmemorytool.B.Toadvertiseabraintrainingprogram.C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofpegwords.D.Toanalyzethenecessityoftrainingmemory.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了一種輔助幫助記憶的工具——掛鉤詞法。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Essentially,you’rehanginginformationyouneedtorecallonthesepegs,whichallowsittoberecalledquicklyandeasily.(從本質(zhì)上講，你把需要回憶的信息掛在這些掛鉤上，這樣就可以快速、輕松地回憶起來(lái))”及表格下一段“Thenextstepistocreateassociationsbetweentheinformationyouneedtorememberandtheitemlinkedwiththecorrespondingnumber.Ifthefirstitem,forinstance,ismilk,thenyouneedtovisualisethemilkandabuntogether.(下一步是在你需要記住的信息和與相應(yīng)數(shù)字相關(guān)聯(lián)的項(xiàng)目之間建立聯(lián)系。例如，如果第一件東西是牛奶，那么你需要想象牛奶和面包在一起)”可知，我們需要在事物和它的掛鉤詞之間創(chuàng)建一個(gè)想象鏈接，即，看到這些詞就能想到對(duì)應(yīng)的事物來(lái)幫助我們記住事物。故選D。22.推理判斷題。347對(duì)應(yīng)數(shù)字three，four，seven，觀察表格可知，three=tree（樹(shù)木），four=door（門(mén)），seven=heaven（天堂），將“樹(shù)木，門(mén)，天堂”聯(lián)系起來(lái)，得到C選項(xiàng)“從通往天堂的門(mén)里長(zhǎng)出一棵樹(shù)”。故選C。23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thankfully,there’samemoryaidthat’sperfectforthejob:thepeg-wordmethod.(值得慶幸的是，有一種記憶輔助工具非常適合這項(xiàng)工作:掛鉤詞法)”及最后一段“Thepeg-wordmethodhasbeenwildlyrecognizedasahelpfulmemoryaid.Formoreinformation,pleasevisit/.(掛鉤詞法被廣泛認(rèn)為是一種有助于記憶的方法。欲了解更多信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)/)”可推知，本文是為了向大家介紹一種有用的記憶工具。故選A。BAbeidwasborninavillageofTanzaniaanddreamtofflyingaplane,soaring(翱翔)throughthesky.Duetofinancialdifficulties,hebecameawildlifeguideinstead.Abeiddidn’tgiveup.Hebecameachiefpilotofhotairballooningattheageof20.Hispassionforflyingwasmatchedbyhisskillbothasapilotandasaguide.Then,hecameupwiththeideaofflyingacrosstheSerengetifromeasttowest,whichwouldtakefourflightsonsuccessivedays,takingoffandlandingwherenoonehadeverseenaballoonbefore.Asajournalist,IwassoluckytomakeajourneywithAbeid.Wewereupat3am.Abeidwalkedintothebasketandcheckedthelinesandthefastenings.Momentslater,hewasinstructingmetogetintoit.Withbarelytimetocatchmybreath,hegavealongblast(猛吹)ontheburnersandthebaskettippedupright.Overthefollowingdays,wegaspedatthejoyandwonderofthesky;atthebeautyandcomplexityofthelandbeneathus.Therewasnofear,justasenseofbeingpartofsomethingfantasticaswefloatedinthesilenceoftheAfricansky.ButnoteverythingwententirelytoAbeid’scarefullyworked-outplan.Therainsthathadstartedtofalleveryafternoonslowedtheair.Onthefinalday,welanded20kmshortofthedestination.Luckily,wefinallymadethecrossingthenextmorning.Whenwewerereturningtotheland,crowdsofpeopleshoutedandwaved.Manychildrenlookedupasweflewoverthem,andstartedtorun.AsAbeidbroughttheballoondown,peoplegatheredaroundtheballoon,pressingagainstthebasket.Thosechildrenwerealsothere,flushedandbreathless,eyeswidewithamazement.AbeidandIbothlookedateachotherinsilentagreement.Suddenlywewerehelpingsomechildrenintothebasket.Abeidliftedoffandweflewjustafewhundredmetreswiththeexcitedcrowdrunningalongside.IrealizedthatAbeid’sjourneywasmorethanjustaboutflying.Itwasabouthope,inspiration,andthejoyofsharingone’spassion.AndasIpenneddownthelastwordsofthisextraordinaryexperience,IknewthatAbeid’sstorywouldresonate(回蕩)farbeyondtheSerengeti.28.WhatdidAbeiddreamof?A.Beingawildlifeguide. B.Beingajournalist.C.Flyingahotairballoon. D.Flyingaplane.29.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthejourneyacrosstheSerengeti?A.Smooth. B.Pioneering. C.Painful. D.Eco-friendly.30.WhatagreementdidAbeidandtheauthorreach?A.Showingtheirtechnicalskills. B.Teachingthechildrentobeapilot.C.Takingthechildrenforaride. D.Attractingpeopletotheirshow.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ABeautifulView:fromEasttoWestB.ABalloonAdventure:theDreamSoaringHighC.DifferentJobExperiences:fromaGuidetoaPilotD.AWildlifeExploration:theUnforgettableExperience【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章講述主人公阿貝德的一次開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的氣球飛行冒險(xiǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了飛行夢(mèng)想，充滿(mǎn)希望，靈感和分享的快樂(lè)。28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“AbeidwasborninavillageofTanzaniaanddreamtofflyingaplane,soaring(翱翔)throughthesky.(阿貝德出生在坦桑尼亞的一個(gè)村莊，他的夢(mèng)想是駕駛一架飛機(jī)，在天空翱翔。)”可知，Abeid的夢(mèng)想是開(kāi)飛機(jī)。故選D。29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Then,hecameupwiththeideaofflyingacrosstheSerengetifromeasttowest,whichwouldtakefourflightsonsuccessivedays,takingoffandlandingwherenoonehadeverseenaballoonbefore.(然后，他想到了從東到西飛越塞倫蓋蒂的想法，這需要連續(xù)四天飛行四次，起飛和降落在以前沒(méi)有人見(jiàn)過(guò)氣球的地方。)”可知，穿越塞倫蓋蒂是開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的，以前這里沒(méi)有熱見(jiàn)過(guò)氣球。故選B。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“AbeidandIbothlookedateachotherinsilentagreement.Suddenlywewerehelpingsomechildrenintothebasket.Abeidliftedoffandweflewjustafewhundredmetreswiththeexcitedcrowdrunningalongside.(阿貝德和我都默默對(duì)視一眼達(dá)成協(xié)議。突然，我們幫助一些孩子進(jìn)入籃子。阿貝德起飛了，我們只飛了幾百米，興奮的人群在旁邊奔跑。)”可知，阿貝德和作者達(dá)成的協(xié)議是帶孩子們飛一段路程。故選C。31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“AbeidwasborninavillageofTanzaniaanddreamtofflyingaplane,soaring(翱翔)throughthesky.(阿貝德出生在坦桑尼亞的一個(gè)村莊，他的夢(mèng)想是駕駛一架飛機(jī)，在天空翱翔。)”，第二段的“Then,hecameupwiththeideaofflyingacrosstheSerengetifromeasttowest,whichwouldtakefourflightsonsuccessivedays,takingoffandlandingwherenoonehadeverseenaballoonbefore.(然后，他想到了從東到西飛越塞倫蓋蒂的想法，這需要連續(xù)四天飛行四次，起飛和降落在以前沒(méi)有人見(jiàn)過(guò)氣球的地方。)”以及最后一段“IrealizedthatAbeid’sjourneywasmorethanjustaboutflying.Itwasabouthope,inspiration,andthejoyofsharingone’spassion.AndasIpenneddownthelastwordsofthisextraordinaryexperience,IknewthatAbeid’sstorywouldresonate(回蕩)farbeyondtheSerengeti.(我意識(shí)到阿貝德的旅程不僅僅是飛行。它是關(guān)于希望、靈感和分享激情的快樂(lè)。當(dāng)我寫(xiě)下這段非凡經(jīng)歷的最后幾句話時(shí)，我知道阿貝德的故事會(huì)引起共鳴，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出塞倫蓋蒂。)”可知，文章主語(yǔ)講述阿貝德的一次開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的氣球飛行冒險(xiǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了飛行夢(mèng)想，充滿(mǎn)希望，靈感和分享的快樂(lè)，因此推斷B項(xiàng)“氣球冒險(xiǎn)：高飛的夢(mèng)想”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。CTheideathatagingreducesadults’abilitytoimagine,acommonthemeinchildren’sliterature,iscontradictedbypsychologicalresearch.Whilechildrenareoftenportrayedasmoreimaginative,researchindicatesthatadultsnotonlykeepthisabilitybutsometimessurpasschildreninimaginativethinking.Childrenarefrequentlycelebratedforboundlessimagination.Yet,researchrevealsthattheirmake-believegamesoftencenteraroundrealisticscenarios,suchascookingandcleaning,asdemonstratedina2020studypublishedinJournalofCognitionandDevelopment.Anotherstudy,lastingforfourdecades,alsosuggeststhatchildrenarenotnaturallymoreimaginativethanadults;theirlimitationsresultfromalackofknowledgeandexpertisetoeffectivelyusetheirimaginativecapacityasadults.Imaginationmayhaveevolvedforconsideringalternativestoreality,butweuseitmostnaturallytoexploreclosealternatives,likepreparingadifferentmeal,ratherthanfaralternatives,likeridingonclouds.Whenweuseimaginationtoenvisionfaralternatives—toinnovateorinvent—we’renotdiggingintoaninbornappreciationoftheextraordinary;we’reusingatooldesignedtoexploretheordinary.Whenconsideringalternativestoreality,wefixourattentiononpossibilitiesthatarephysicallyreasonable,statisticallyprobable,sociallyconventionalandmorallypermissible.Whentoldaboutpossibilitiesthatviolatesuchregularities,weusuallydenytheycouldhappen.Generallyspeaking,ourideasaboutwhatcouldhappenarefirmlyrootedinwhatweexpecttohappen.Thismindsetisalsoparticularlyapparentinyoungchildren.Ina2018studyIco-designedwithpsychologistJonathanPhillips,4-year-oldswereaskedtohelpadistressedgirlwhodislikedgoingtoschoolduetomissinghermother.Amongallthesolutionsgiven,theyperceivedtheonlypossiblesolutionwasforhermothertodosomethingspecialafterschooltoeaseherconcerns.Unexpectedalternatives,suchassnappingfingersandmakingitSaturday,wearingpajamastoschoolorlyingaboutschoolbeingclosed,wereallregardedimpossible.Fromthis,wecanconcludethatchildren’searliestintuitions(直覺(jué)力)aboutpossibilityconfusewhatcouldhappenwithwhatshouldhappen.Historically,theimprobableeventoftravelingfasterthanahorsewasconsideredimpossible,aswastravelingbyairortravelingintospace.Beforethearrivaloftrainsandplanes,thereweregoodreasonstothinkthatpeoplecouldtravelonlysofarandonlysofast.Butthesereasonswereempirical(經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的),notlogical.Imagination,onitsown,lumpstheimprobablewiththeimpossible,butwecancombineimaginationwithotherabilities—namely,knowledgeandreflection—toseparatethetwo.Whileimaginationinchildrenoftensubjectstoexpectation,adultscancontroltheirimaginativecapacityforinnovationbyintegratingitwithaccumulatedknowledgeandreflectivethinking.24.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,weknowthat_________.A.childrendevelopimaginationthroughgamesB.childrenfacelimitationsinacquiringknowledgeC.adultsareasgoodaschildreninimaginativethinkingD.adults’imaginativeabilityislikelytostayconstantwithage25.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.A.expectationresultsfromimaginativecapacityB.certainpracticalconcernscanlimitimaginationC.breakingregularitiesmayleadtoclosealternativesD.faralternativesaremoreimportantthanclosealternatives26.The2018studyshowsthatchildren_________.A.cameupwithawiderangeofalternatives B.werequickertofigureoutsolutionsC.tookwhatshouldhappenaspossibilities D.usedimaginationinareasonableway27.Theunderlinedword“l(fā)umps”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans_________.A.mix B.match C.compare D.replace【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇短文主要指出心理學(xué)研究反駁了老年人想象力下降的觀點(diǎn)，實(shí)際上成年人在某些方面可能比兒童更有想象力。研究表明，兒童的想象游戲通常圍繞現(xiàn)實(shí)場(chǎng)景，并非天生比成人更具想象力，而是受限于知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。人們傾向于用想象力探索與現(xiàn)實(shí)相近的可能性，而非遙遠(yuǎn)的不切實(shí)際的事物。研究還顯示，兒童對(duì)可能性的理解容易與期望混淆。最后，文章強(qiáng)調(diào)成人可以通過(guò)結(jié)合知識(shí)和反思來(lái)控制想象力，從而進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。24.推理判斷題。由第一段中“Whilechildrenareoftenportrayedasmoreimaginative,researchindicatesthatadultsnotonlykeepthisabilitybutsometimessurpasschildreninimaginativethinking.(雖然兒童通常被描繪成更有想象力，但研究表明，成年人不僅保持了這種能力，而且有時(shí)在想象力思維方面超過(guò)了兒童)”和第二段中“Anotherstudy,lastingforfourdecades,alsosuggeststhatchildrenarenotnaturallymoreimaginativethanadults(另一項(xiàng)持續(xù)四十年的研究也表明，兒童天生并不比成年人更有想象力)”可知，兒童天生并不比成年人更有想象力，人成年后也更有想象力，成年人不僅保持了這種能力，而且有時(shí)在想象力思維方面超過(guò)了兒童，可得出成年人的想象力可能會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而保持不變。故選D項(xiàng)。25.推理判斷題。由第三段中“Whenweuseimaginationtoenvisionfaralternatives—toinnovateorinvent—we’renotdiggingintoaninbornappreciationoftheextraordinary;we’reusingatooldesignedtoexploretheordinary.Whenconsideringalternativestoreality,wefixourattentiononpossibilitiesthatarephysicallyreasonable,statisticallyprobable,sociallyconventionalandmorallypermissible.Whentoldaboutpossibilitiesthatviolatesuchregularities,weusuallydenytheycouldhappen.Generallyspeaking,ourideasaboutwhatcouldhappenarefirmlyrootedinwhatweexpecttohappen.(當(dāng)我們用想象力來(lái)設(shè)想創(chuàng)新或發(fā)明的遙遠(yuǎn)替代方案時(shí)，我們并不是在挖掘與生俱來(lái)的非凡鑒賞力；我們正在使用一種旨在探索普通事物的工具。在考慮現(xiàn)實(shí)的替代方案時(shí)，我們將注意力集中在物理上合理、統(tǒng)計(jì)上可能、社會(huì)傳統(tǒng)和道德上允許的可能性上。當(dāng)被告知違反這種規(guī)律的可能性時(shí)，我們通常否認(rèn)它們可能發(fā)生。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，我們對(duì)可能發(fā)生的事情的想法深深植根于我們所期望的事情)”可得出，某些實(shí)際問(wèn)題會(huì)限制想象力。故選B項(xiàng)。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中“Fromthis,wecanconcludethatchildren’searliestintuitions(直覺(jué)力)aboutpossibilityconfusewhatcouldhappenwithwhatshouldhappen.(由此，我們可以得出結(jié)論，孩子們最早對(duì)可能性的直覺(jué)混淆了可能發(fā)生的事情和應(yīng)該發(fā)生的事情)”可知，2018年的研究表明，兒童把應(yīng)該發(fā)生的事情視為可能。故選C項(xiàng)。27.詞句猜測(cè)題。由最后一段中“Butthesereasonswereempirical(經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的),notlogical.Imagination,onitsown,lumpstheimprobablewiththeimpossible,butwecancombineimaginationwithotherabilities—namely,knowledgeandreflection—toseparatethetwo.(但這些原因都是經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，而非邏輯的。想象力本身就lumps不大可能（還有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)）和大不可能（絕無(wú)可能實(shí)現(xiàn)），但我們可以把想象力與其他能力——即知識(shí)和反思——結(jié)合起來(lái)，把兩者分開(kāi))”可知，but后講人們可以通過(guò)將想象力與其他能力，即知識(shí)和反思相結(jié)合，將不大可能（還有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)）和大不可能（絕無(wú)可能實(shí)現(xiàn)）分開(kāi)，說(shuō)明想象力本身會(huì)將不大可能（還有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)）和大不可能（絕無(wú)可能實(shí)現(xiàn)）混為一談，劃線詞lumps意為“混合”。故選A項(xiàng)。DNeuroscientistsusuallyinvestigateonebrainatatime.Theyobservehowneurons(神經(jīng)元)fireasapersonreadscertainwords,forexample,orplaysavideogame.Associalanimals,however,thosesamescientistsdomuchoftheirworktogether—brainstorminghypotheses,puzzlingoverproblemsandfine-tuningexperimentaldesigns.Increasingly,researchersarebringingthatrealityintohowtheystudybrains.Collectiveneuroscience,assomepractitionerscallit,isarapidlygrowingfieldofresearch.Anearly,consistentfindingisthatwhenpeopleconverseorshareanexperience,theirbrainwavessynchronize.Neuronsincorrespondinglocationsofthedifferentbrainsfireatthesametime,creatingmatchingpatterns,likedancersmovingtogether.Theexperienceof“beingonthesamewavelength”asanotherpersonisreal,anditisvisibleintheactivityofthebrain.Suchworkisbeginningtorevealnewlevelsofrichnessandcomplexityinsociability.Inclassroomswherestudentsareengagedwiththeteacher,forexample,theirpatternsofbrainprocessingbegintosynchronizewiththatteacher’s—andgreatersynchronymaymeanbetterlearning.Couplesexhibithigherdegreesofbrainsynchronythannon-romanticpairs,asdoclosefriendscomparedwithmoredistantacquaintances.Butmuchaboutthephenomenonremainsmysterious—evenscientistsoccasionallyusetheword“magic”whentalkingaboutit.Onestraightforwardexplanationcouldbethatsynchronybetweenbrainsisaresultofsharedexperienceorsimplyasignthatwearehearingorseeingthesamethingassomeoneelse.Butthenewestresearchsuggeststhatsynchronyismorethanthat—orcanbe.Researchersarediscoveringsynchronyinhumansandotherspecies,andtheyaremappingitschoreography—itsrhythm,timingandundulations(波動(dòng))—tobetterunderstandwhatbenefitsitmaygiveus.Giventhatsynchronizedexperiencesareoftenenjoyable,researcherssuspectthisphenomenonisbeneficial:ithelpsusinteractandmayhavefacilitatedtheevolutionofsociality.Thisnewkindofbrainresearchmightalsocastlightonwhywedon’talways“click”withsomeoneorwhysocialisolation(孤立)issoharmfultophysicalandmentalhealth.Withsynchronyandotherlevelsofneuralinteraction,humansteachandlearn,forgefriendshipsandromances,andcooperateandconverse.Wearedriventoconnect,andsynchronyisonewayourbrainshelpusdoit.32.Accordingtothepassage,collectiveneuroscience______.A.collectsandrefinesresearchonneuronsB.analysesactivitiesofonebrainatatimeC.promotesconnectionsamongneuroscientistsD.focusesonstudyingbrainsininteractivegroups33.WhatcanweinferaboutbrainsynchronyfromParagraph4?A.Itcanbenefitotherspecies.B.Itsmechanismhaschanged.C.Itdemandsfurtherinvestigations.D.Findingsaboutitarecontradictory.34.Whichofthefollowingmayresultfrombrainsynchrony?A.Increasingpopularityamongpeers.B.Bettercooperationamongteammates.C.Improvedtechniquesforconversations.D.Moresharedexperiencesbetweenacouple.【答案】32.D33.C34.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一個(gè)新興的研究領(lǐng)域——集體神經(jīng)科學(xué)，該領(lǐng)域研究當(dāng)人們交流或分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)時(shí)大腦波的同步現(xiàn)象。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Associalanimals,however,thosesamescientistsdomuchoftheirworktogether—brainstorminghypotheses,puzzlingoverproblemsandfine-tuningexperimentaldesigns.Increasingly,researchersarebringingthatrealityintohowtheystudybrains.(然而，作為社會(huì)動(dòng)物，這些科學(xué)家同樣會(huì)一起做很多工作——頭腦風(fēng)暴、解決問(wèn)題和微調(diào)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)。越來(lái)越多的研究人員將這種現(xiàn)實(shí)帶入他們研究大腦的方式中)”和第二段“Collectiveneuroscience,assomepractitionerscallit,isarapidlygrowingfieldofresearch.(一些從業(yè)者稱(chēng)之為集體神經(jīng)科學(xué)，是一個(gè)迅速發(fā)展的研究領(lǐng)域)”可知，集體神經(jīng)科學(xué)專(zhuān)注于在互動(dòng)小組中研究大腦。故選D。33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段的句子“Butmuchaboutthephenomenonremainsmysterious—evenscientistsoccasionallyusetheword“magic”whentalkingaboutit.(但關(guān)于這一現(xiàn)象的很多方面仍然是個(gè)謎——甚至科學(xué)家在談?wù)撍鼤r(shí)偶爾也會(huì)用“神奇”這個(gè)詞)”可知，科學(xué)家們對(duì)大腦同步現(xiàn)象的了解還不夠深入，需要進(jìn)一步的研究。故選C。34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“Withsynchronyandotherlevelsofneuralinteraction,humansteachandlearn,forgefriendshipsandromances,andcooperateandconverse.(通過(guò)同步和其他級(jí)別的神經(jīng)交互，人類(lèi)教導(dǎo)和學(xué)習(xí)、建立友誼和浪漫關(guān)系、合作和交談)”可知，大腦同步現(xiàn)象可能會(huì)促進(jìn)團(tuán)隊(duì)成員之間的合作。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whilemostofusworkhardtoshineatthepresentationsandspeecheswecanpreparefor,wemayfindimpromptu(即興的)communicationscary.Actually,youjustneedtolearnspecificskillstocommunicateeffectivelywhenputonthespot.Hereareafewpointers.35Whatdoyouwantyouraudiencetoknow?Howdoyouwantthemtofeel,andwhatdoyouwantthemtodo?Havingaclearobjectivepairedwithanawarenessofyouraudiencewillnarrowyourfocus.Thenyoucanprioritizewhattosayandchooseyourexactwordsmorewisely.OrganizeYourThoughts.Whenmakingformalpresentations,mostpeoplegivealogicalstructurethataudiencescaneasilyfollow.Butfewofusadequatelyorganizethoughtsinimpromptusituations.36Infact,thebestspeakersmaintainaudienceinterestbydemonstratingconnectionsamongspecificpo