福建省南平市建陽(yáng)區(qū)福建省南平市建陽(yáng)區(qū)高三預(yù)測(cè)絕密卷模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

福建省南平市建陽(yáng)區(qū)20232024學(xué)年下學(xué)期高三預(yù)測(cè)絕密卷英語(yǔ)本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Holdabirthdayparty.B.Orderataxi.C.Wrapthegift.2.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Regretful.C.Anxious.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanneedstocook.B.She’sbusyatpresent.C.Tylerwillfixthebike.4.Howdidthemanlearntoplaytheguitar?A.Hetookanonlinecourse.B.Hewastaughtbyhissister.C.Helearnedfromsomeonlinevideos.5.WhoisJacky?A.Thespeakers’boss.B.Thespeakers’colleague.C.Theman’sbrother.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthecareerplanningproject?A.It’suseless.B.It’sscientific.C.It’sdifficult.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?A.Asinger.B.Acoach.C.Achemist.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthewomancall?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Tosharegoodnews.C.Toassignatask.9.Whenwillthecontesttakeplace?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Halfanhourlater.C.Atabout5p.m.today.10.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Judgeandparticipant.B.Teacherandstudent.C.ReceptionistandCustomer.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Fishing.B.Traveling.C.Reading.12.What’stheweatherlike?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.13.Whathavetheydecidedtodonext?A.Goshopping.B.Waithalfanhour.C.Gotoafilm.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoesSusanwanttobuy?A.Amap.B.Anovel.C.Aschoolbag.15.Whydoesthemanchangehismind?A.Thebiggermapisoflittleuse.B.Thebiggermapisinconvenient.C.Healreadyhasasmallmap.16.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.Fivedollars.B.Eightdollars.C.Tendollars.17.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthelibrary.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthebookshop.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Givingalecture.C.Promotingaproject.19.Whataddstothepainofearlyrise?A.Coldweather.B.Physicalpain.C.Lackofdetermination.20.What’sthespeaker’sfinaladvice?A.Makingenoughpreparation.B.Beingopentothesetbacks.C.Findingarunningpanion.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWheretoFindthePerfectChristmasTreeAroundBaltimoreThisYearAhandfulofthearea’sbestchooseandcutChristmastreefarmsareonlyaquickroadtripaway.ASNOWBALL’SCHANCETREEFARMThischooseandcutChristmastreefarmof16acreshasbeenrunbyacouplesince2005.Openforoneweekendonly,Dec.34,thisyear,thenewlocationinWoodstockwilloffereightandnineinchprecutFraserFirsorcutyourownWhitePines&BlueSpruces.10231HarvestFieldsDrive,WoodstockDAVIDSONCHRISTMASTREEFARMAlthoughit’sbeenactiveformorethantwocenturies,thisfamilyownedUppercoFarmdidn’tstarttoplantChristmastreeseedlingsuntilthelate1960s.ThefieldsareopensevendaysperweekfromNov.18toDec.17.Wanderthroughits60plusacresforeighttreevarieties,suchasthesilverblueConcolorFir.1101EmoryChurchRd.,UppercoFROSTEETREEFARMTheappropriatelynamedHelenandGeorgeWinterbeganplantingandsellingtreesattheirPerryHallfarmin1974.Thetwohavesincepassedaway,butthefarm,nowoperatedbyPaulStiffler,has15acresofreadytocuttreesrangingfromScotchPinetoWhitePine,DouglasPine,andNorwaySpruce.ThefarmreopensonthelastweekendofNovember,afterThanksgiving.8926CowentonAve.,PerryHallGAVERFARMOwnerMichaelGaverwasjust17whenheestablishedthisMt.Airyfarmin1978.Today,itholds70acresofcutyourowntrees,withvarietiessuchastheColoradoBlueSpruceandthewhispersoftWhitePine.ChristmastreeshoppingstartsonNov.24.Whatdistinguishesthisfarmfromothersisthatyoucanstepintothefamilyfarm’scafeforappleciderdoughnuts,beefsandwiches,andhotcocoabeforeyouleave.5501DetrickRd.,Mt.Airy1WhichfarmhastheshortesthistoryofChristmastreecutting?A.ASNOWBALL’SCHANCETREEFARM.B.DAVIDSONCHRISTMASTREEFARM.C.FROSTEETREEFARM.D.GAVERFARM.2.WhereisthefarmrunbyPaulStiffler?A.10231HarvestFieldsDrive,Woodstock.B.1101EmoryChurchRd.,Upperco.C.8926CowentonAve.,PerryHall.D.5501DetrickRd.,Mt.Airy.3.Whatisuniqueaboutthelargestoneofthefourfarms?A.Itoffersdrinksandfoods. B.ItincludesWhitePine.C.Itisownedbyafamily. D.Itisactiveforabout200years.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了四個(gè)巴爾的摩砍伐圣誕樹(shù)的農(nóng)場(chǎng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ASNOWBALL’SCHANCETREEFARM下的“ThischooseandcutChristmastreefarmof16acreshasbeenrunbyacouplesince2005.(這個(gè)16英畝的圣誕樹(shù)農(nóng)場(chǎng)自2005年以來(lái)一直由一對(duì)夫婦經(jīng)營(yíng))”，DAVIDSONCHRISTMASTREEFARM下的“Althoughit’sbeenactiveformorethantwocenturies,thisfamilyownedUppercoFarmdidn’tstarttoplantChristmastreeseedlingsuntilthelate1960s.(雖然這個(gè)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)已經(jīng)活躍了兩個(gè)多世紀(jì)，但直到20世紀(jì)60年代末才開(kāi)始種植圣誕樹(shù)幼苗)”，F(xiàn)ROSTEETREEFARM下的“TheappropriatelynamedHelenandGeorgeWinterbeganplantingandsellingtreesattheirPerryHallfarmin1974(這對(duì)名叫海倫和喬治·溫特的夫婦于1974年開(kāi)始在他們的佩里霍爾農(nóng)場(chǎng)種植和銷(xiāo)售樹(shù)木)”以及GAVERFARM下的“OwnerMichaelGaverwasjust17whenheestablishedthisMt.Airyfarmin1978.(1978年，邁克爾·加弗(MichaelGaver)在艾里山(Mt.Airy)建立了這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，當(dāng)時(shí)他只有17歲)”可知，ASNOWBALL’sCHANCETREEFARM是從2005開(kāi)始的，說(shuō)明該農(nóng)場(chǎng)開(kāi)始這項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)最晚，歷史最短。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FROSTEETREEFARM下的“Thetwohavesincepassedaway,butthefarm,nowoperatedbyPaulStiffler,has15acresofreadytocuttreesrangingfromScotchPinetoWhitePine,DouglasPine,andNorwaySpruce.(這兩個(gè)人已經(jīng)去世了，但這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)現(xiàn)在由PaulStiffle經(jīng)營(yíng)，有15英畝的樹(shù)木可以砍伐，從蘇格蘭松到白松，道格拉斯松和挪威云杉)”可知，F(xiàn)ROSTEETREEFARM由PaulStiffler經(jīng)營(yíng)，再根據(jù)“8926CowentonAve.,PerryHall”可知，農(nóng)場(chǎng)位于8926CowentonAve.,PerryHall.故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。比較四個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的面積可知，GAVERFARM是最大的，根據(jù)本段中的“Whatdistinguishesthisfarmfromothersisthatyoucanstepintothefamilyfarm’scafeforappleciderdoughnuts,beefsandwiches,andhotcocoabeforeyouleave.(這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)與其他農(nóng)場(chǎng)的不同之處在于，你可以在離開(kāi)之前走進(jìn)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的咖啡館，吃蘋(píng)果甜甜圈、牛肉三明治和熱可可)”可知，GAVERFARM的特別之處是它提供飲料和食物。故選A項(xiàng)。BAreyourkeysnotinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can’trecallthetitleofabook?I’vehadthosemoments.Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.AnewstudyfindsTaiChistudycanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis2630.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformofTaiChitwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points,meaningthatthey’regoingtogetthreeextrayearsbeforetheyhitthatdeclineintodementia.ResearchersalsotestedamorestrictertypeofTaiChi,calledCognitivelyEnhancedTaiChi,wheretheyprovidedextrachallenges.Forexample,participantswereaskedtospellaword,backwardandforward,astheymovedthroughaseriesofTaiChimoves.ThepeoplewhopracticethistypeofcognitivelyenhancedTaiChiimprovedtheirscoresbyabout3points,meaningtheyaregivensixextrayearsofcognitivefunction.ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitbinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikeposingdancingmoves.4.Whyaretwoquestionsraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor’sdoubts. B.Toexpectanswersfromreaders.C.Toanalyzethecausesofforgetfulness. D.Tointroducethemaintopicofthetext.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Cognitiveassessmentmethods. B.Theprocessofrunningthetest.C.Cognitivemeasurementcriteria. D.Thetestresultsoftheparticipants.6.Whatdoestheprebestaveragescoreoftheparticipantsimply?A.Mostofthemsufferfrom,dementia. B.Theyremainasquickmindedasbefore.C.Manyofthemhaveslightcognitivedecline. D.Theycanprotectthemselvesagainstdementia.7.WhydoesTaiChihaveapositiveimpact?A.Ithelpsresolvechallenges. B.Itinvolvesmindbodymovements.C.Itputsoffcognitivedeclinebythreeyears. D.Itimprovestheparticipantsacademiclevel.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.(這些“大腦凍結(jié)”的例子提醒我們，我們應(yīng)該盡我們所能保持我們的大腦敏銳)”和第二段的“AnewstudyfindsTaiChicanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).(一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆)”可推知，文章開(kāi)頭的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題是為了引出“練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆”這個(gè)主題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis2630.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities,Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.(作為研究的一部分，所有參與者都參加了一個(gè)名為蒙特利爾認(rèn)知評(píng)估的10分鐘測(cè)試。正常的分?jǐn)?shù)是2630。得分在18到25分之間的人被認(rèn)為有輕度損傷，這意味著他們沒(méi)有癡呆癥，但他們不像以前那么敏銳，可能需要更加努力地來(lái)維持日?；顒?dòng)，一旦他們的得分降至18分以下，人們經(jīng)歷相當(dāng)多的記憶喪失和認(rèn)知能力下降的損害)”可知，本段主要內(nèi)容是認(rèn)知測(cè)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.(研究開(kāi)始時(shí)，參與者的平均得分是25分)”以及第三段“Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.(得分在18到25分之間的人被認(rèn)為有輕度損傷，這意味著他們沒(méi)有癡呆癥，但他們不像以前那么敏捷，可能需要更加努力地維持日?；顒?dòng))”可知，他們中的許多人有輕微的認(rèn)知能力下降。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitbinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikeposingdancingmoves.(為什么太極拳有效的理論是，它結(jié)合了動(dòng)作的記憶，幾乎像編排舞蹈動(dòng)作)”可知，太極之所以起到積極作用是因?yàn)樗婕吧硇倪\(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。CTenmillionAmericansareconsideringfreelancing(從事自由職業(yè)),accordingtoUpwork’sGreatResignationsurvey.Amongthoseplanningtoquittheirjobs,52%aregivingfreelancingseriousconsideration.What’smore,manyarechoosingfreelancingoverfulltimework;it’snolongerjustafallbackorasidejob.Oneofthekeybenefitsoffreelancingisthatyougettochooseyourownworkload.Unrealisticexpectationsatworkandthelackofboundarieshaveseenmanyafulltimeworkerburnout.However,freelancershavemuchmorecontrolovertheirworkloads.Thisisnottosaythatfreelancersdon’tburnout.Theymanagetheirworkloadbetterandprioritizeotheraspectsoftheirlife.Theydon’tusuallygettochoosetheirbossortheirteammatesatatraditionaljob.Theygettochoosewhotheyworkwith.Unlikefulltimeworkers,freelancershavegreaterfreedomtodotheworktheyenjoy—andsaynototheworktheydon’t.Thisresultsingreaterjobsatisfaction.Ofcourse,therearedisadvantagesofpursuingfreelancing.Employeesinmanycountriesreceivebenefitsthatarepartoftheiremploymentcontracts.Whenyou’reafreelancer,youworkforyourselfsoyouletgoofthesebenefits.Yourworkloadmaybeinconsistent.Sometimeswhenitrains,itpoursandyoumayhavemultipleprojectsonyourplate.Atothertimes,youmaynothavemuchwork.Thisfluctuationincashflowcanfeellikeahugenegativefornewfreelancers.Asabusinessowner,yourbusiness’ssuccessorfailureisentirelydependentonyou,whichcanfeeloverwhelming.Youwillalsohavetolearntobeeyourownbestadvocate,promotingyourproductstofindnewprojectsandclientsandexpandyourbusiness.Ofcourse,tofreelanceornottofreelancedependsonyourself.Anyway,businessesareincreasinglyaddingskills.Independentprofessionalsarepoweringtherebuild.Therefore,morebusinessesareopentoremotework,hiringtalentirrespectiveoftheirdistancefromacorporateoffice.Thischangingattitudehasincreasedthenumberofopportunitiesforfreelancerstofindhighpayingandmeaningfulwork.8.Whatcontributestoafreelancer’sgreaterjobsatisfaction?A.Makingselfselectionofjobtypes.B.Beingfreefromtakingresponsibility.C.Enjoyingwelfareprovidedbygovernment.D.Developingharmoniousinterpersonalrelationships.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fluctuation”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Development. B.Unsteadiness. C.Inefficiency. D.Exchange.10.Whatwillafreelancerhavetodotodevelophisbusiness?A.Markethimself. B.Consultprofessionals.C.Dependonclients. D.Improveemploymentcontracts.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureoffreelancing?A.Challenging. B.Unpredictable. C.Promising. D.Changeless.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文，文章分析了從事自由職業(yè)的利弊?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Unlikefulltimeworkers,freelancershavegreaterfreedomtodotheworktheyenjoy—andsaynototheworktheydon’t.Thisresultsingreaterjobsatisfaction.(與全職工作者不同，自由職業(yè)者有更大的自由去做他們喜歡的工作，并對(duì)他們不喜歡的工作說(shuō)不，這會(huì)提高工作滿(mǎn)意度)”可知，自行選擇工作類(lèi)型使自由職業(yè)者有更大的工作滿(mǎn)意度。故選A項(xiàng)。9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Sometimeswhenitrains,itpoursandyoumayhavemultipleprojectsonyourplate.Atothertimes,youmaynothavemuchwork.(有時(shí)下雨，傾盆大雨，你可能有多個(gè)項(xiàng)目要做。在其他時(shí)候，你可能沒(méi)有太多的工作)”可知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞析在句子意為“這種現(xiàn)金流的波動(dòng)對(duì)新的自由職業(yè)者來(lái)說(shuō)可能是一個(gè)巨大的負(fù)面影響?！币虼?，fluctuation在此意為“不穩(wěn)定性”，和B項(xiàng)意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Youwillalsohavetolearntobeeyourownbestadvocate,promotingyourproductstofindnewprojectsandclientsandexpandyourbusiness.(你還必須學(xué)會(huì)成為自己最好的代言人，推廣你的產(chǎn)品來(lái)尋找新的項(xiàng)目和客戶(hù)，拓展你的業(yè)務(wù))”可知，為了發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)，自由職業(yè)者不得不營(yíng)銷(xiāo)自己。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Anyway,businessesareincreasinglyaddingskills.Independentprofessionalsarepoweringtherebuild.Therefore,morebusinessesareopentoremotework.hiringtalentirrespectiveoftheirdistancefromacorporateoffice.Thischangingattitudehasincreasedthenumberofopportunitiesforfreelancerstofindhighpayingandmeaningfulwork.(無(wú)論如何，企業(yè)越來(lái)越多地增加技能，獨(dú)立的專(zhuān)業(yè)人士正在為重建提供動(dòng)力，因此，越來(lái)越多的企業(yè)對(duì)遠(yuǎn)程工作持開(kāi)放態(tài)度，雇傭人才，無(wú)論他們與公司辦公室的距離如何。這種態(tài)度的改變?cè)黾恿俗杂陕殬I(yè)者找到高薪和有意義工作的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，作者認(rèn)為自由職業(yè)者的未來(lái)前景很好。故選C項(xiàng)。DOffAustralia’snortherncoast,theremainsofancientcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)formthebedrockofwoodedislands,whicharehometodiverseanimalsandplants,includingmangrove(紅樹(shù)林)foreststhatblankettheircoastsandserveasvitalhabitatsandcarbonstorers.Arecentsurveyshowsthatexpandingseasmighthaveledtoamassivemangroveincrease,researchersreportNovember1inProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB.Mangrovesabsorbcarbondioxideandstoreitas“bluecarbon”,atermforcarbonthatishiddenawayinoceanenvironments.“There’salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange,”saysKerryleeRogers,anenvironmentalscientistattheUniversityofWollongonginAustralia.Butthereremainalotofquestionsaroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.Theywalkedthroughtheseawatertoassesstheplantdiversityandmeasureindividualtrees.Usingthemeasuredwidthsandheightsofseveralmangroves,theteamcalculatedtreewidthsfortherestoftheforestfromthedatatoestimatethetotalmangrovequantity.Theislandshostnearly54,000metrictonsofmangroves,theteamestimates,whichisroughly10,000moremetrictonsthantherewasin1973.TheHowickIslandsareuniquelysuitedtosupportingmangrovesastheoceanrises.AttheendoftheLastGlacialMaximum,around12,000yearsago,waterlevelsrosearoundnorthernAustralia,andcoralreefsgrewupwardtofillthespacethathadopenedforthem.Whensealevelsfellthousandsofyearslater,theexposedreefsbecamesediment(沉積物).Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalttolerantmangroves.RogersandHamyltonarenowworkingonabiggerefforttostudymangovesaroundAustralia.“Ifwe’regoingtoinvestinmangrovestoprovideusbluecarbonandtoprotectshorelines,weneedtounderstandhowdynamictheyare,”Rogerssays.12.Whatcanbeknownaboutbluecarbon?A.Itisproducedbyoceanwater. B.Itismassivelypresentintheair.C.Itisfriendlyenvironment. D.Itisnutritiousformangroves.13.WhatisthepurposeofHamylton’sresearch?A.Tomeasurethesizeofmangroves.B.Tofigureoutwheretoplantmangroves.C.Toconfirmwhetherlocalnaturalenvironmentispolluted.D.Toseehowthemangrovesrespondtosealevelrise.14.WhatmakestheHowickIslandsthesuitablehabitatsformangroves?A.Thediversityofoceanlife.B.Theincreaseofcoralreefs.C.Thebinationofsaltwaterandsediment.D.Theformationofthebedrockofwoodedislands.15.Whatisthesuitabletitleofthetext?A.ClimateChangeCausesSeaLevelRiseB.SeaLevelRiseHelpsMangrovesBoostC.EnvironmentonAustraliaIslandsIsImprovingD.ClimateWarmingPosesDangersToMangroves【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在澳大利亞的一些島嶼上，海平面上升促使紅樹(shù)林的繁榮?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“There’salotofinterestinusingmangrovebluecarbontolessenclimatechange(人們對(duì)利用紅樹(shù)林藍(lán)碳來(lái)減少氣候變化很感興趣)”可推知，藍(lán)碳對(duì)環(huán)境友好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butthereremainalotofquestionsaroundtheircapacitytoadapttosealevelrise.(但它們適應(yīng)海平面上升的能力仍然存在很多問(wèn)題)”和第三段中“In2021,ateamledbyWollongongenvironmentalscientistSarahHamyltonvisitedtheHowickIslandstodoarelatedresearch.(2021年，Wollongong環(huán)境科學(xué)家SarahHamylton領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)了Howick群島進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究)”可知，研究的目的是為了查明紅樹(shù)林對(duì)海平面上升的反應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Withsealevelsnowrisingagain,themixtureofsaltwaterandsedimentmakesaperfecthomeforthesalttolerantmangroves.(隨著海平面再次上升，鹽水和沉積物的混合物成為耐鹽紅樹(shù)林的完美家園)”可知，鹽水和沉積物的組合使Howick群島成為紅樹(shù)林的合適棲息地。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Arecentsurveyshowsthatexpandingseasmighthaveledtoamassivemangroveincrease,researchersreportNovember1inProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB.(研究人員11月1日在ProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB上報(bào)告說(shuō)，最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，海洋的擴(kuò)張可能導(dǎo)致了紅樹(shù)林的大量增加)”可知，文章講述的是在澳大利亞的一些島嶼上，海平面上升促使紅樹(shù)林的繁榮。所以，B項(xiàng)“海平面上升有助于紅樹(shù)林生長(zhǎng)”適合作為標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。JonFossewasbornonSeptember29,1959,Haugesund,Norway.Heisanauthorofnovels,plays,poems,children’sbooks,andessays.____16____HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein2023“forhisinnovativeplaysandprose(散文)whichgivevoicetotheunsayable.”FossegrewuponaruralfarmnearStrandebarm,Norway.Hestartedwritingatage12or13,firstposingsonglyrics(歌詞).____17____Thenhestartedtocreatepoems.In1979FossegraduatedfromhighschoolandmovedtoBergen,wherehebeganworkingforthenewspaperGulaTidend,Throughoutthe1980shestudiedattheUniversityofBergen,receivinganM.A.inparativeliteraturein1987.Duringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,Blackin1983andStringedGuitarin1985.Bothworksfeaturethesimplestyleofprose.____18____Bythistime,hehadbeeaninstructorattheAcademyofWritinginHordaland.____19____Andheinitiallyrefusedtowriteplayswhenasked.Hegaveinin1992,however,whenheneededmoney.HestartedwritingthedialogueforSomeoneIsGoingtoein1996andfoundittobesurprisinglyeasy.Manyplaysquicklyfollowed.Itwas,however,FrenchdirectorClaudeRégy’s1999stagingofSomeoneIsGoingtoeinParisthatledtoFosse’sbreakthroughinEurope.Followingthatsuccess,Fossefocusedprimarilyonwritingplays.Attheturnofthe21stcentury,productionsofhisplaysincludedASummer’sDayandIAmtheWind.Theformeroneisaboutawomanwhoanticipatesthereturnofherhusbandfromatripoutonhisboat.____20____A.Helaterjoinedaband.B.Fossebecameworldfamous.C.Fosseneverplannedtobeeadramatist.D.Healsoworksasaninstructorandatranslator.E.Healsoreleasedhisfirstcollectionofpoemsin1986.F.Hehadtoearnmoneybywritingnovelsaftermarriage.G.Thelatterfocusesontwomenexperiencinganexistentialcrisisinafishingboat.【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章介紹了諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者JonFosse?！?6題詳解】本句和上一句介紹JonFosse的身份。上文“Heisanauthorofnovels,plays,poems,children’sbooks,andessays.(他著有小說(shuō)，戲劇、詩(shī)歌、兒童讀物和散文)”講述了他是哪種作品的作者。D項(xiàng)“Healsoworksasaninstructorandatranslator(他還擔(dān)任講師和翻譯)”介紹他的其他身份，故選D項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Hestartedwritingatage12or13,firstposingsonglyrics(歌詞).(他從12或13歲開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作。首先創(chuàng)作歌詞)”可推斷，空格處內(nèi)容與寫(xiě)歌詞有關(guān),所以A項(xiàng)“Helaterjoinedaband.(后來(lái)他加入了一個(gè)樂(lè)隊(duì))”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】本段介紹他在二十世紀(jì)八十年代發(fā)表的作品。根據(jù)前文“Duringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,Blackin1983andStringedGuitarin1985.Bothworksfeaturethesimplestyleofprose.(在20世紀(jì)80年代，F(xiàn)osse出版了他的第一部小說(shuō)，分別是1983年的《紅，黑》和1985年的《弦吉他》)”可知，介紹了1983年和1985年出版小說(shuō)，根據(jù)下文的“Bythistime”可知，空格處出現(xiàn)時(shí)間。E項(xiàng)“Healsoreleasedhisfirstcollectionofpoemsin1986.(1986年，他還出版了他的第一本詩(shī)集)”中in1986與下文銜接連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Andheinitiallyrefusedtowriteplayswhenasked.Hegaveinin1992,however,whenheneededmoney.HestartedwritingthedialogueforSomeoneIsGoingtoein1996andfoundittobesurprisinglyeasy.(起初，當(dāng)被要求時(shí)，他拒絕寫(xiě)劇本。然而，1992年，當(dāng)他需要錢(qián)時(shí)，他讓步了。1996年，他開(kāi)始為SomeoneIsGoingtoe寫(xiě)對(duì)話(huà)，并發(fā)現(xiàn)它出奇地容易)”可知，空格處內(nèi)容應(yīng)指出寫(xiě)劇本的情況。C項(xiàng)“Fosseneverplannedtobeeadramatist.(福斯從未打算成為一名劇作家)”dramatist與下文的writeplays和startedwritingthedialogue在內(nèi)容上相關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Followingthatsuccess,Fossefocusedprimarilyonwritingplays.Attheturnofthe21stcentury,productionsofhisplaysincludedASummer’sDayandIAmtheWind.Theformeroneisaboutawomanwhoanticipatesthereturnofherhusbandfromatripoutonhisboat.(成功之后，福斯主要專(zhuān)注于劇本創(chuàng)作。在21世紀(jì)之交，他的戲劇作品包括《夏日》和《我是風(fēng)》。前者講的是一個(gè)女人期待丈夫乘船外出旅行歸來(lái)的故事)”可知，提到兩部作品ASummer’sDay和IAmtheWind；并且解釋了前一個(gè)作品的內(nèi)容，由此可知，空格處解釋后一個(gè)作品的內(nèi)容。所以G項(xiàng)“Thelatterfocusesontwomenexperiencinganexistentialcrisisinafishingboat.(后者聚焦于兩名在漁船上經(jīng)歷生存危機(jī)的男子)”符合語(yǔ)境。Theformer與Thelatter相呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.Shewashaving____21____infindingwork.“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication____22____.Iwasfeelingpretty____23____anddecidedtogototheWholeFoodsacrossthestreet,”Eshelmanrecalled.Asshecrossedthestreet,Eshelman____24____amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner.Buthewas____25____bypassersby.AsEshelman____26____,hepurmedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney.Shewas____27____andsaid:“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”Eshelman____28____intothegrocerystore.Butsuddenlysherealizedhow____29____shebadbeentotheman.Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.Sheapologizedand____30____somecoinsfromthebottomofher____31____.Asshe____32____himthechange,themansaid,“It’sOK.Everything____33____willdisappear.”Andallofasudden,shefeltlikesomebodywasseeingher____34____,andshestartedtocry.“Thatmomentonthestreetwasoneofthefew____35____inthatextremelydarkperiodofmylife,”Eshelmanlatersaid.21.A.fun B.trouble C.experience D.luck22.A.rejected B.submitted C.displayed D.followed23.A.relaxed B.awkward C.nervous D.depressed24.A.remembered B.guided C.spotted D.forted25.A.ignored B.touched C.rewarded D.cheated26.A.hesitated B.waited C.escaped D.approached27.A.active B.impatient C.anxious D.desperate28.A.slid B.struggled C.got D.looked29.A.helpful B.rude C.strict D.particular30.A.setaside B.putaway C.dugout D.usedup31.A.heart B.pocket C.store D.drawer32.A.handed B.lent C.returned D.awarded33.A.dangerous B.normal C.unpractical D.unpleasant34.A.pain B.choice C.effort D.privilege35.A.instants B.chances C.differences D.flashes【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.B30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了LauraEshelman在經(jīng)歷了一段精神困擾和求職困難后，在街頭偶遇一個(gè)乞討者并與其發(fā)生互動(dòng)，最終從對(duì)方的話(huà)中得到慰藉的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她找工作遇到了困難。A.fun樂(lè)趣；B.trouble麻煩；C.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)；D.luck好運(yùn)。根據(jù)前文“In2012,LauraEshelmanmanwasinthemiddleofamentalunsettlement.”可知，Laura精神不安，所以應(yīng)找工作遇到了困難。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我正要離開(kāi)一家市中心的公司，在那里我又被拒絕了一份工作。A.rejected拒絕；B.submitted提交；C.displayed顯示；D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)前文“Shewashaving1infindingwork.”可知，Laura找工作遇到了困難，所以是工作申請(qǐng)被拒絕了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我感到非常沮喪，于是決定去街對(duì)面的全食超市。A.relaxed輕松的；B.awkward令人尷尬的；C.nervous緊張的；D.depressed沮喪的。根據(jù)前文“IwasleavingadowntownbusinesswhereIhadanotherjobapplication2.”可知，作者又一次被拒絕了工作申請(qǐng)，所以是感到沮喪的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她穿過(guò)街道時(shí)，Eshelman看到一個(gè)男人在街角要錢(qián)。A.remembered記得；B.guided指導(dǎo)；C.spotted看見(jiàn)；D.forted安慰。根據(jù)后文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是看到一個(gè)男人在街角要錢(qián)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但他沒(méi)有受到路人的理睬。A.ignored忽視；B.touched感動(dòng)；C.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.cheated作弊。根據(jù)前文“amanaskingtormoneyonthecorner”以及but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，應(yīng)是沒(méi)人理他，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Eshelman走近她時(shí)，他向她致敬，輕聲問(wèn)她能不能給他一點(diǎn)錢(qián)。A.hesitated猶豫；B.waited等待；C.escaped逃跑；D.approached接近。根據(jù)后文“hepurmedtoher,andaskedifhecouldhavealittlebitofmoney”可知，應(yīng)是Eshelman走近她時(shí)，他向Eshelman乞討。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她不耐煩地說(shuō)：“別煩我。我沒(méi)有東西給你。走開(kāi)！”A.active積極的；B.impatient不耐煩的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.desperate不惜冒險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)后文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman是不耐煩的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Eshelman走進(jìn)雜貨店。A.slid滑行；B.struggled努力；C.got進(jìn)入；D.looked看。根據(jù)后文“Eshelmanrushedoutsidetofindhim.”可知，Eshelman沖了出來(lái)，所以此處應(yīng)是走進(jìn)雜貨店。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但她突然意識(shí)到自己對(duì)那個(gè)男人是多么粗魯。A.helpful有幫助的；B.rude粗魯?shù)?；C.strict嚴(yán)格的；D.particular特別的。根據(jù)前文“Leavemealone.Idon’thaveanythingtogiveyou.Getaway!”可知，Eshelman對(duì)男人的很粗魯。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。她道了歉，然后從口袋里掏出一些硬幣。A.setaside放在一邊；B.putaway收起；C.dugout翻出；D.usedup耗盡。根據(jù)后文“somecoins”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是從口袋里掏出一些硬幣。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她道了歉，然后從口袋里掏出一些硬幣。A.heart心臟；B.pocket口袋；C.store商店；D.drawer抽屜。根據(jù)前文“Sheapologizedand10somecoins”結(jié)合實(shí)際可知，應(yīng)是從口袋里掏出一些硬幣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查