化工裝置常用英語詞匯對照

1、化工裝置常用英語詞匯對照一概論 introduction方案(建議書)proposal可行性研究feasibility study方案設計concept design工藝設計process design基礎設計basic design詳細設計detail design開工會議kick-off meeting審核會議review meeting外商投資foreign investment中外合資joint venture中外合營joint venture補償貿易compensation trade合同 合同附件contract賣方vendor買方buyer顧客client承包商contracto

2、r工程公司company供應范圍scope of supply生產范圍production scope生產能力production capacity項目project界區(qū)battery limit裝置plant公用工程utilities工藝流程圖process flow diagram工藝流程方塊圖process block diagram管道及儀表流程圖piping and instrument drawing物料及熱量平衡圖mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡圖steam & condensate balance diagram設備布置圖e

3、quipment layout設備表equipment list成品(產品)product(final product)副產品by-product原料raw-material設計基礎數(shù)據(jù)basic data for design技術數(shù)據(jù)technical data數(shù)據(jù)表data sheet設計文件design document設計規(guī)定design regulation現(xiàn)場服務site service項目變更project change用戶變更client change消耗定額consumption quota技術轉讓technical transfer技術知識technical know-ho

4、wtechnical knowledge技術保證technical guarantee咨詢服務consultative services技術服務technical services工作地點location施工現(xiàn)場construction field報價quotation標書bidding book公司利潤company profit固定價合同fixed price contract固定單價合同fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同cost plus award fee contract定金mobilization銀行保證書bank guarantee letter保留

5、金retention所得稅income taxes特別承包人稅special contractor's taxes城市和市政稅city and municipal taxes工作手冊work manual工作流程圖work flow diagram質量保證程序QA/QC procedures采購計劃procurement plan施工計劃construction plan施工進度construction schedule項目實施計劃project execution plan項目協(xié)調程序project coordination procedure項目總進度計劃project maste

6、r schedule設計網(wǎng)絡計劃engineering network logic項目質量保證project quality assurance項目質量控制project quality control采購procurement 采購周期procurement period會簽the squad check計算書calculation sheets詢價inquiry檢驗inspection運輸transportation開車start up / commission驗收inspection & acceptance校核check審核review審定approve版次version部門d

7、epartment專業(yè)specialty項目號project number圖號drawing number目錄contents序言foreword章chapter節(jié)section項itemMRmaterial requisitionSPECengineering specificationDATA SHEET（技術表）technical data sheetTBA(技術評標）technical bid analysisPDPpreliminary design packagePM (項目經理)project managerLDE(專業(yè)負責人)lead discipline engineerMR

8、Q(材料詢價單)Material requisition for quotationMRP(材料采購單)material requisition for purchaseBEP(基礎工程設計包)basic engineering packageP&ID(管道及儀表流程圖)piping and instrument drawing(diagram)PFDprocess flow diagramNNFnormally no flowFOfailure openFCfailure closeC/S/Acivil/structure/architectureDDP（詳細設計階段）detail

9、design phase二. 工藝流程連續(xù)過程continuous process間歇過程batch process工藝敘述process description工藝特點process feature操作operation反應reaction副反應side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation傾析decantation催化反應catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis過濾filtration干燥drying還原reduction氧化oxidation氫化hydrogenation分解de

10、composition離解dissociation合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption結晶crystallization溶解solution調節(jié)modulate控制control懸浮suspension循環(huán)circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation瀝取leaching破碎crushing煅燒caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation氣化gasification冷凍refrigeration固化、結晶solidification包裝package升華subli

11、mation燃燒combustion引燒ignition蒸餾distillation碳化carbonization壓縮compression三、化學物質及特性固體solid液體liquid氣體gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片狀粉未flake小粒granule結晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent還原劑reducing agent有機物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor貧液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝劑floccul

12、ants冷凍鹽水brine酸度acidity濃度concentration堿度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固點solidificalion point沸點boiling point熔點melting point蒸發(fā)率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a)無水的anhydrous(a)外觀appearance無色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化劑catalyst燃燒combustion引燃ignition

13、自然點self-ignition temperature可燃氣體combustible gas可燃液體inflammable liquid易燃液體volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性環(huán)境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸極限explosive concentration limit廢水waste water廢液waste liquid廢氣off-gas噪聲noise pollution成分composition撓度deflection力和力矩force and moment彎矩bending moment應力-應變

14、曲線stress-strain diagram百分比percentage環(huán)境溫度ambient temperature工作溫度operating設計溫度design temperature(pressure)相對濕度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge雜質impurity四、化工設備泵pump軸流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump渦輪泵turbine pump渦流泵vortex pump離心泵centrifugal pump噴射泵jet pump轉子泵rotary pump管道泵inl

15、ine pump雙作用往復泵double action reciprocating pump計量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齒輪泵gear pump手搖泵hand(wobble) pump螺桿泵screw (spiral) pump潛水泵submersible pump斜轉子泵inclined rotor pump封閉式電磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump氣升泵air-lift-pump軸承bearing葉輪impeller虹吸管siphon高壓容器high pressure vessel焚化爐incinerat

16、or火焰清除器flame arrester工業(yè)爐furnace燒嘴burner鍋爐boiler回轉窯rotary kiln加熱器heater電加熱器electric heater冷卻器cooler冷凝器condenser換熱器heat exchanger反應器reactor蒸餾釜still攪拌器agitator混合器mixer靜態(tài)混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎機crusher磨碎機grinder研磨機pulverizer球磨機ballmill過濾器filter分離器separator干燥器drier翅片fins煙囪stack火

17、炬flare篩子screen煅燒窯calciner傾析器decanter蒸發(fā)器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor離心機centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber結晶器crystallizer電解槽electrolyzer電除塵器electric precipitator洗滌器scrubber消石灰器slaker料倉bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分級器classifier浮洗器flocculator廢液池sump噴射器ejector噴頭sprayer成套設備package unit儀器設備appar

18、atus附屬設備accessory旋轉式壓縮機rotary compressor往復式壓縮機reciprocating compressor水環(huán)式壓縮機nash compressor螺桿式壓縮機helical screw compressor離心式壓縮機centrifugal compressor多級壓縮機mutiple stages compressor固定床反應器fixed bed reactor流化床反應器fluidized bed reactor管式反應器tubular reactor列管式換熱器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式換熱器spiral plate hea

19、t exchanger萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗滌塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷卻塔cooling tower精餾塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液體分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升氣管chimney頂(底)層塔盤top (bottom) tray擋板baffle抽出口draw nozz

20、le溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap篩板sieve plate浮閥float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt橢圓封頭elliptical head高位槽head tank中間槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank補給槽make-up tank計量槽measuring tank電解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分離器knockout drum稀釋罐thinning tank緩沖罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum閃蒸罐flash drum浮頂罐floating roof tank內浮頂罐cove

21、red floating roof tank球罐spheroid氣柜gas holder濕式氣柜wet gas-holder干式氣柜dry gas-holder螺旋式氣柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋轉閥rotary valve抽濾器mutche filter壓濾器filter press壓濾機pressure filter板框壓濾器plate-and-fram filter press轉鼓過濾器rotary drum filter帶式過濾器belt filter翻盤式過濾器袋濾器bag filter旋風分離器cyclone separator盤式干燥箱compartmen

22、t tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回轉干燥器rotary drier穿流循環(huán)干燥器through circulation drier噴霧干燥器spray drier氣流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圓盤式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder顎式破碎機jaw crusher回轉破碎機gyratory crusher滾洞破碎機roll crusher錘式破碎機hammer crusher沖擊破碎機rotor impact breaker氣流噴射粉碎機jet pulverizer棍磨機ro

23、d mill雷蒙機raymond mill錘磨機hammer mill輥磨機roller mill振動篩vibrating screen回轉篩rotary screen風機fan羅茨鼓風機root's blower起重機crane橋式起重機bridge crane電動葫蘆motor hoist發(fā)電機generator電動機motor 汽輪機steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering1 閥門valve閥桿stem內螺紋閥桿inside screw閥座valve seat (body seat)閥座環(huán)、密封圈sealing ring閥芯(包括密封圈,桿等)t

24、rim閥盤disc閥體body閥蓋bonnet手輪hand wheel手柄hand level (handle)壓蓋gland閘閥gate valve平行雙閘板double disc parallel seat楔形單閘板split wedge截止閥globe valve節(jié)流閥throttle valve針閥needle valve角閥(角式截止閥)angle valveY型閥(截止閥)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球閥ball valve三通球閥3-way ball valve蝶閥butterfly valve對夾式(薄片型)wafer type偏心閥板蝶閥offset

25、 disc (eccentric) butterfly valve斜閥盤蝶閥canted disc butterfly valve連桿式蝶閥link butterfly valve止回式蝶閥combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞閥piston type valve旋塞閥plug valve三通旋塞閥three-way plug valve四通旋塞閥four-way plug valve旋塞cock襯套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜閥diaphragm valve橡膠襯里隔膜閥rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜閥straight

26、 way diaphragm valve夾緊式膠管閥pinch valve止回閥check valve升降式止回閥lift check valve旋啟式止回閥swing check valve落球式止回閥ball check valve彈簧球式止回閥spring ball check valve底閥foot valve切斷式止回閥stop check valve活塞式止回閥piston check valve翻板止回閥flap check valve蝶式止回閥butterfly check valve安全泄氣閥safetySV安全泄放閥relief valveRV安全泄壓閥safety rel

27、ief valve杠桿重錘式lever and weight type罐底排污閥flush-bottom tank valve波紋管密封閥bellow sealed valve電磁閥solenoid (operated) valve電動閥electrically(electric-motor)operated valve氣動閥pneumatic operated valve低溫用閥cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水閥steam trap機械式疏水閥mechanical trap浮桶式疏水閥open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水閥float trap倒吊桶式疏

28、水閥inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水閥loose float trap恒溫式疏水閥thermostatic trap壓力平衡式恒溫疏水閥balanced pressure thermostatic trap熱動力式疏水閥thermodynamic trap脈沖式蒸汽疏水閥impulse steam trap放汽閥(自動放汽閥)(automatic) air vent valve換向閥diverting (reversing) valve呼吸閥breather valve減壓閥pressure reducing valve控制閥control valve執(zhí)行機構actuat

29、or差壓調節(jié)閥differential pressure regulating valve切斷閥block (shut-off, stop) valve調節(jié)閥regulating valve快開閥quick opening valve快閉閥quick closing valve隔斷閥isolating valve三通閥three way valve夾套閥jacketed valve非旋轉式閥non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法蘭管子pipe(按標準制造的配管用管)tube(不按標準規(guī)格制造的其它用管)鋼管steel pipe鑄鐵管cast iron pipe襯里管lined pip

30、e復合管clad pipe碳鋼管carbon steelC.S.pipe合金鋼管alloy steel pipe不銹鋼管stainless steelS.S.pipe奧氏體不銹鋼管austenitic stainless steel pipe鐵合金鋼管ferritic alloy steel pipe軋制鋼管wrought-steel pipe鍛鐵管wrought-iron pipe無縫鋼管seamlessSMLS steel pipe焊接鋼管welded steel pipe電阻焊鋼管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe電熔(弧)焊鋼板卷管electri

31、c-fusion(arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接鋼管spiral welded steel pipe鍍鋅鋼管galvanized steel pipe排污閥blowdown valve集液排放閥drip valve排液閥drain valve放空閥vent valve卸載閥unloading valve排出閥discharge valve吸入閥suction valve取樣閥sampling valve手動閥hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龍頭bibb;bib;faucet抽出液閥(小閥)bleed valve

32、旁路閥by-pass valve軟管閥hose valve混合閥mixing valve破真空閥vacuum breaker沖洗閥flush valve根部閥root (primary, header) valve水煤氣鋼管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡膠管rubber tube壁厚wall thicknessWT壁厚系列號schedule numberSCH.NO.加厚的,加強的extra heavy (strong)雙倍加厚的,雙倍加強的double extra heavy (strong)彎頭elbow異徑彎頭reduc

33、ing elbow長半徑彎頭long radius elbow短半徑彎頭short radius elbow長半徑180°彎頭long radius return短半徑180°彎頭short radius return三通tee異徑三通reducing tee等徑三通straight tee帶支座三通base tee45°斜三通45°lateralY型三通true"Y"四通cross異徑管reducer同心異徑管concentric reducer偏心異徑管eccentric reducer管接頭coupling;full coupl

34、ing活接頭union短管nipple預制彎管fabricated pipe bendU型彎管"U"bend法蘭端flanged end萬向接頭universal joint對焊的butt weldedBW螺紋的threadedTHD承插焊的socket weldedSW法蘭flangeFLG整體管法蘭integral pipe flange鋼管法蘭steel pipe flange螺紋法蘭threaded flange滑套法蘭slip-on flange平焊法蘭slip-on-welding flange承插焊法蘭socket welding flange松套法蘭lap

35、joint flangeLJF對焊法蘭weld neck flangeWNF法蘭蓋blind flange;blind異徑法蘭reducing flange壓力級pressure rating(class)突面raised faceRF凸面male face凹面female face全平面;滿平面flat face;full faceFF3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗濾器strainer過濾器filter臨時過濾器temporary strainer(cone type)Y型過濾器Y-type strainerT型過濾器T-type strainer永久過濾器permane

36、nt filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower視鏡sight glass阻火器flame arrester噴咀;噴頭spray nozzle噴射器ejector取樣冷卻器sample cooler消音器silencer膨脹節(jié)expansion joint波紋膨脹節(jié)bellow補償器compensator軟管接頭hose connectionHC快速接頭quick coupling金屬軟管metal hose橡膠管rubber hose撓性管flexible tube特殊法蘭special flange漏斗funnel8字盲板spectacle (figure 8)

37、blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素鋼carbon steel C.S.不銹鋼stainless steelS.S.鑄鐵cast ironC.I.鋁aluminum銅,紫銅copper鈦titanium抗拉強度tensile strength非金屬材料non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡膠rubber墊片gasketGSKT平墊片flat gasket填料packing型鋼shaped steel角鋼angle steel槽鋼channel steel工字鋼I-beam寬緣工字鋼或

38、H鋼wide flanged beam扁鋼flat bar圓鋼round steel; rod鋼帶strap steel網(wǎng)絡鋼板checkered plate材料表bill of materialBOM材料統(tǒng)計material take-offMTO散裝材料bulk material綜合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheetCPMSS匯總表summary sheet5.設備布置及管道設計中心線center line裝置邊界boundary limitBL區(qū)界area limit設備布置equipment arrangement (layo

39、ut);plot plan標高,立面elevationEL支撐點point of supportPOS工廠北向plant north方位orientation危險區(qū)hazardous area classification凈正吸入壓頭net positive suction head絕對標高absolute elevation坐標coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement planPAP管道布置piping assembly; layout詳圖detail"X"視圖view "X""A-

40、A" 剖視section "A-A"軸測圖isometric drawing索引圖key plan管道及儀表流程圖piping and instrument diagramP&ID管口表list of nozzles地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管線號line number總管header; manifold旁路by pass常開normally open常閉normally closed取樣接口sampling connection伴熱管tracing pipe蒸汽伴熱steam tracin

41、g熱水伴熱hot-water tracing電伴熱electrical tracing夾套管jacketed line全夾套管full jacketed比例scale圖figure草圖sketch圖例legend符號symbol件號part number入口inlet; suction出口outlet;discharge排出口exhaust排液drain放空vent污水坑sump pit集水池collecting basin溝槽trough管溝piping trench地漏floor drain走道,過道walk way; gang way預留區(qū)future area人孔manholeMH手孔

42、handholeHH下水管sewer管口nozzle管口方位nozzle orientation方向direction位置location相交intersection垂直,正交,垂直的perpendicular平行,平行的parallel管頂top of pipe TOP管底bottom of pipe BOP溝底bottom of trench底平flat on bottomFOB頂平flat on topFOT水平的Horizontal垂直的,立式的vertical上升管;垂直管riser等級分界material specification break隔熱分界insulation brea

43、k管道等級piping class管道材料規(guī)定piping material specification公稱直徑nominal (pipe) size diameterDN公稱壓力nominal pressure(pressure rating)磅/平方英寸pounds per square inchPSI公斤/平方厘米kilograms per square centimeterkg/cm2管道附件piping attachment腐蝕余量corrosion allowance管段,短管spool piece ; spool直管run pipe;straight pipe彎管bend管件直連

44、fitting to fitting水平安裝horizontal installation垂直安裝vertical installation對稱的symmetric坡度slope管間距l(xiāng)ine spacing管道跨距l(xiāng)ine span間隙,凈空clearance尺寸dimension高度height6.管道支吊架管托shoe管卡clampU型夾(卡)clevis支耳lug預埋件embedded part鞍座saddle裙座skirt支承架resting support滑動架sliding support固定架anchor導向架guide限位架stop吊架hanger彈簧架spring supp

45、ort彈簧托resting type;spring support彈簧吊架spring hanger滾動支架rolling support減振器snubber標準管架standard pipe support通用管架typical pipe support懸臂架cantilever support三角架triangular support支腿leg型管架-type supportL型管架L-type support柱式管架pole type support墻架support-on-wall管墩,低管架sleeper特殊管架special support跨度span伸出長度(指預埋螺栓)extr

46、usion熱應力分析thermal stress analysis管道柔性分析piping flexibility analysis力矩moment彎曲力矩bending moment扭矩torque荷載load反力reaction位移displacement附加位移appendant displacement冷緊,冷拉cold spring固定點fix point; anchor point應力stress彎曲應力bending stress軸向應力axial stress安全系數(shù)safety factor7焊接及熱處理焊接welding電弧焊arc welding電熔焊electric f

47、usion weldingEFW氬弧焊argon-arc welding水壓試驗hydraulic testing氣壓試驗pneumatic testing8.隔熱隔音及涂漆玻璃棉glass wool巖棉rock wool聚氨脂,聚氨基甲酸脂polyurethane管殼shell棉氈blanket玻璃布glass (fiber) cloth鍍鋅鐵皮galvanized (sheet) iron;galvenized plain sheet隔熱層insulation保溫hot insulation保冷cold insulation人身保護personal protection隔音sound in

48、sulation吸聲sound-absorbing分貝decibel涂漆painting螺栓bolt自攻螺釘self tapping screw螺母nut墊圈gasket管螺紋pipe thread錐管螺紋taper pipe thread六.自動控制測量measurement測量點measurement point反饋信號feedback signal范圍range精確度accuracy量程遷移span shift零點遷移zero shift信號signal模擬信號analog signal輸出信號output signal輸入信號input signal數(shù)字信號digital signal變送器transmitter檢測儀表measuring instrument顯示儀表display instrument積算器integrating instrument指示儀表indicating instrument記錄儀表recording instrument盤裝儀表panel-mounted instrument架裝儀表rack-mounted instrument分散控制儀表distributed control sys