2025屆四川省宜賓市敘州區(qū)高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

高2022級(jí)高三上學(xué)期第一次診斷性考試英語(yǔ)試題試卷分為第1卷（閱讀題）和第I1卷（表達(dá)題）兩部分，共8頁(yè)，滿分150分。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考號(hào)填寫在答題卷上相應(yīng)位置。2.選擇題答案使用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卷對(duì)應(yīng)題目號(hào)的位置上，填涂在試卷上無(wú)效。3.非選擇題答案請(qǐng)使用黑色簽字筆填寫在答題卷對(duì)應(yīng)題目號(hào)的位置上，填寫在試卷上無(wú)效。第I卷選擇題（95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatsurprisedthewoman?A.Aradiointerview. B.Atrainride. C.Asuburbvisit.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Emily,I’veheardyouwenttoParis.Howwasthetrip?W:Thatwasreallygreat.IhadtheopportunitytotakeatrainrideandmetupwithsomepeopleinsuburbsofParis.And,unexpectedly,IfoundmyselfbeinginterviewedonradioFrance.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemando?A.Heisadoctor. B.Heisasecretary. C.Heisarescueworker.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Sam,youlooktiredtoday.Didyouhavemanyemergencycallstoday?M:Yes,wehadfiveintotal,andonewasforanaccidentontheroofofahousewherewesavedagirlandhercat.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowisSachifeeling?A.Upset. B.Confused. C.Sympathetic.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Sachi,Ican’tgotothethemeparkonFriday.Ihaveaconcert.W:Youdidthistwoweeksago.RememberIhadcinematicketsandyouchangedtheplansthentoo.M:Iknow,Iknow.I’msorry.Howaboutnextweek?IcandefinitelygonextFriday.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatwasMiller’smajor?A.Medicine. B.Marketing. C.Electronics.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,DrMiller,I’veheardyouaresuccessfulinthemedicalequipmentsalesfield.M:Thanks.Actually,mydoctoratewasinelectronicengineering,whichhassignificantlycontributedtomysuccessinthisarea.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Inasupermarket. C.Inarestaurant【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,canIhaveaseatnearthewindow?M:Sure,thisway,please.Bytheway,youcanorderdishesbyscanningtheQRcodeonthetable.W:Thanks.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的做答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whereistheman?A.Inahotel. B.Onaplane. C.Inarepairshop.7.Whatisthemanexcitedabout?A.Takingphotos. B.Seeingfriends. C.Havingablanket.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,Miss.MywindowshadeisbrokenandIcannotopenittoseeoutthewindow.WoulditbepossibletoswitchseatssoIcanhaveawindowwithaview?ThisismyfirstflightandIwanttobeabletoseeeverything.W:Sorry,switchingseatsisnotallowed.Thewindowshadeiselectricallycontrolled.Youjustneedtopressthebuttonlocatedaboveyourseat.M:Ohyes,thankyou.W:Youarewelcome.Doyouneedablankettohavearest?M:No,thanks.Ican’twaittotakesomephotosandsharethemwithmyfriends.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Howmanymultiple-choicesremainunfinished?A.3. B.4. C.7.9.HowdidLindaperforminthefreeresponsequestions?A.Fairlywell. B.Justso-so. C.Quitebadly.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】M:Linda,wouldyoutellmeallaboutthetest?W:Well,Ithoughtthemultiplechoicewasfairlysimple,butthefreeresponsequestionskilled.M:Really?Howmanydidyouleaveblankonthemultiplechoice?W:Ileftfourofseventyblankandguessonthreeotherstheywereeducatedguesses,though.However,Icannotguaranteethattheguestonesarecorrect.M:That’sokay.That’sbetterthanmostofthepeopleI’vetalkedtosofar.W:Iknow.Itdoesn’tmatterhowwellIdidonthemultiplechoice,sinceIprobablymessedupthetestwithmyfreeresponsequestions.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whenwillthemangraduate?A.Thisweek. B.Inayear. C.Inthreemonths.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandobeforegraduation?A.Borrowsomemoney.B.Getapart-timejob.C.Keepstudying.12.Whathasthewomanstarteddoing?A.Lookingforfull-timejobs.B.Workingasateacher.C.Applyingforjobs.【答案】10.C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Ireallydoneedsomemoney.Ineverseemtohaveanythingthesedays.W:Haveyoueverthoughtaboutgettingajob?M:Notuntilmygraduation,butI’llhavetowaitforthreemonths.Ineedmoneythisweek.W:Maybesomekindofparttimejob.Beforethatyoucouldborrowsomething,butIwouldn’tadvisethat.M:Isupposeyou’reright.Ishouldlookforaparttimejob.W:I’vealreadybegunlookingforfulltimejobs.M:MaybeIshouldbedoingthataswell.Haveyoubeeninvitedforanyinterviews?W:Ihaven’tactuallyappliedanywhereyet;I’vejustlookedatwhatkindofjobisbeingoffered.M:Whatareyouthinkingofdoing?W:I’dliketobeatranslator,butmaybeateacherifIfailthat.Howaboutyou?M:FormycareerandIwanttodoengineering.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Preparingforameeting.B.Exercising.C.Cooking.14.Howdoesthewomansoundattheman’sweightloss?A.Serious. B.Surprised. C.Happy.15.Howdoesthemangettoworknow?A.Bytrain. B.Bybus. C.Bybike.16.Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Makesaladsforher.B.Gojoggingwithher.C.Lendabooktoher.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.C【解析】【原文】W:Thatsmellsgood.Whatareyoumaking?M:Mybreakfastfortomorrow.W:Butit’salmostdinnertime.M:Well,I’vegotaveryearlystarttomorrowmorning.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:I’vegotameetingatmycompany’sheadoffice.IfIdon’tprepare,IknowI’llendupeatingsomethingunhealthyatthetrainstation.I’vealsomadeasaladtotakewithmeforlunch.W:Wow,I’veneverknownyoutobethisorganized.You’reveryseriousaboutlosingweight,aren’tyou?M:IamandI’mhappytosayit’sworking.W:Oh,really?M:Yes.I’velostsixkilossinceIstartedatthebeginningoftheyear.Iweighed95kiloswhenIstartedinJanuary.W:That’samazing.Andinonlyfourmonths?Haveyoubeenexercisingtoo?M:Yes,IusedtotakethebustoworkandnowIrideabikeinstead.W:That’sreallygreat.MaybeIshouldtrytolearnfromyou.M:Youdon’tneedtoloseanyweight.W:Imaybeslim,butIeatwaytoomuchjunkfoodandIdriveeverywhere,evenwhenitwouldbeeasytowalk.M:Well,Icanlendyouthebookthatinspiredme.W:Thatwouldbegreat,thanks.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.HowdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?A.Theypaidforthehousing.B.Theyboughtfoodandclothes.C.Theysentthemtotheirfamilies.18.Whatwasanurse’smainduty?A.Cookingmeals. B.Lookingafterchildren. C.Educatingchildren.19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirchildrenactually?A.Cruelly. B.Kindly. C.Strictly.20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnext?A.Lowerclassfamilies.B.Upperclasschildren’ssituation.C.Comparisonsbetweenupperandlowerclasses.【答案】17.C18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】此題為聽力題，解析略。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMakingtinyfurnitureisnopieceofcake.Inthiscourse,joinAmandaKelly,whoisnowpursuingherMaster’sdegreeofFineArtsinSculptureatRadfordUniversity,tolearnhowtocreaterealisticfurniturefromthebeginning.Whilestudentswhohavetakenthiscoursearehighlyencouragedtosignup,studentsofalllevelsarewelcome!CourseOverviewThiscourseincludesfivesessionseachlastingfor2hoursonfiveTuesdaysbeginningonNovember7.Session1(Tuesday,11/7,7—9:00PM)FoundationsandScaleSession2(Tuesday,11/14,7—9:00PM)MakingtheSideTableSession3(Tuesday,11/21,7—9:00PM)MakingtheBedSession4(Tuesday,11/28,7—9:00PM)OnePerson’sWasteIsAnother’sTinyTreasureSession5(Tuesday,12/5,7—9:00PM)SharingYourCreationsPricingOptionsInadditiontofull-priceticketsof$225,alimitednumberofno-payticketsareavailableforthiscourse.Pleasenotethattheseticketsarereservedforthosewhowouldnototherwisebeabletotakethiscourseandwhoexpecttoattendallsessions.No-payticketsaredistributedviaarandomdrawingtwoweeksbeforeeachcoursebegins.Formoreinformationandtoapplyforano-payspot,pleaseclickhere.WhatElsetoKnowThisisaninteractive,small-groupworkshop.Studentsareencouragedtoparticipateindiscussionsandworkonassignmentsoutsideofclass.Duetotheinteractivenatureofthiscourse,westronglyrecommendstudentsattendasmanylivesessionsaspossible.Ifstudentsareunabletoattendthelivesessions,aftereachsessiontheywillreceiveaccesstoarecordingofthelivesession,whichtheycanwatchforuptotwoweeksafterthecourseconcludes.21.Inwhichsessionmaystudentsdisplaytheirworks?A.Session2. B.Session3. C.Session4. D.Session5.22.Whatcanstudentsdoiftheymissalivesession?A.Reachouttootherstudents.B.Emailtheinstructorimmediately.C.Makeupfortheclasswithin72hours.D.Watchtherecordedclasswithin14days.23.Whatisthetext?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Asubmissionguide.C.Acourseintroduction. D.Afurniturebrochure.【答案】21.D22.D23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)制作家具的課程，主要涵蓋課程概述、價(jià)格、其他須知事項(xiàng)等信息。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CourseOverview中“Session5(Tuesday,12/5,7—9:00PM)SharingYourCreations(第五節(jié)（星期二，12月5日，晚上7至9點(diǎn)）分享你的創(chuàng)作)”可知，學(xué)生將在第五節(jié)課中展示自己的作品。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatElsetoKnow中“Ifstudentsareunabletoattendthelivesessions,aftereachsessiontheywillreceiveaccesstoarecordingofthelivesession,whichtheycanwatchforuptotwoweeksafterthecourseconcludes.(如果學(xué)生不能參加現(xiàn)場(chǎng)課程，在每次課程結(jié)束后，他們將獲得現(xiàn)場(chǎng)課程的錄像，在課程結(jié)束后，他們可以觀看長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩周的時(shí)間)”可知，如果學(xué)生錯(cuò)過(guò)了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)課程，他可以在14天內(nèi)觀看錄制的課程。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Inthiscourse,joinAmandaKelly,whoisnowpursuingherMaster’sdegreeofFineArtsinSculptureatRadfordUniversity,tolearnhowtocreaterealisticfurniturefromthebeginning.(在本課程中，加入現(xiàn)在正在萊德福德大學(xué)攻讀雕塑藝術(shù)碩士學(xué)位的AmandaKelly，學(xué)習(xí)如何從頭開始創(chuàng)造現(xiàn)實(shí)的家具)”可推知，文章應(yīng)該是一篇制作家具的課程的介紹，旨在與讀者分享該課程的相關(guān)信息：課程概述、價(jià)格、其他須知事項(xiàng)。故選C項(xiàng)。BItwasnotuntilphotographerRitaNanninileftNewYorkthatshegrewfascinatedbythecity’ssubways.WhilelivinginManhattanforsome15yearsinthe1980sandearly1990s,Nanninionlycommuted(通勤)ontheonetrain-giventhesubwaysystem’sbadreputation.ButafterrelocatingtoNewJerseyforseveralyearswheresubwayisnotanoption,Nanninifoundthatabsencedidmaketheheartgrowfonder—maybeevenforpizzarats.DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway’sfacilities.WhileNanniniwaswaitingforatrain,abenchontheplatformoppositecaughtherattentionduetotheeverchangingfacesandcharacters.Theywerepeopleofdifferentaccents,colorsandbeliefs.Theywerefromallwalksoflife,adiversemixofNewYorkersalltherefortheirowndifferentreasons.Havinglearnedtheteenagers’popular“EndoftheLine”challenge—boardingtrainsatrandomandridingthemuntiltheirfinaldestination;NanninidecidedtovisiteveryfirstandlaststopacrosstheNYsubway’slineswithherbelovedcamera.Nannini’s“EndoftheLine”experiencesawhertravelingsome665milesacross26routesinNewYorkcity.Shetookover8,000photosofthefinalstations,aswellasthecommunitiestheyserved.Inmanycases,sherodetheroutestwoorthreetimesovertoensureshegot“theshot”.“Theprojectreallyshowsmehowimportantthesubwayis,andhowsustainableitmakesourlives,”shesaid“It’softensaidthatmyphotosshowtheendofthelines—thelaststops,”shesaid.“Buttheendofthelineisindeedthestartforsomanypeople.Thatmademethinkaboutwhothepeopleandthecommunitiesthatliveatthetwoendsareandwhatitisthatthesubwaymeanstothem.”Nanniniwasproudofhersetofimagesdirectlychallengingthetraditionsofstorytelling,whichechoedboththeboredomandexcitementoftravelontracks.Nanninienjoyedtakinghertime,startingherchallengein2013andonlyshootingthefinalphotoslastyear.HerfirstmonographontheterminalstopsoftheNYsubwaywasreleasedinApril2023.“Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,”shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That’swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.”24.HowdidNanninifindtheNewYorksubwayduringherrevisit?A.Ittumedoutfine.B.Itwasdepressing.C.Itstillheldthesamebadreputation.D.Itwouldbeheronlycommutingoption.25.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThediversityofNewYorkers’dailylife.B.TheinspirationforNannini’ssubwayshots.C.Thepopularityof“EndoftheLine”challenge.D.ThechallengesofNannini’sjobasaphotographer.26.WhatcanweinferfromNannini’s“EndoftheLine”experience?A.Herwayoftellingstoriesistraditional.B.Sheexpressedsympathyforthesubwayriders.C.Herphotographyishighlyexpectedbytheencounters.D.Shefoundlifeontrackswasmoreinterestingthanlifeonwheels.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.“EndoftheLine”Challenge:ANewTrendinNYSubwaysB.TheRoadHome:RitaNannini’sRecordofherSubwayRideC.LastStoptoNewStart:APhotographer’sRediscoveryofNYSubwaysD.NewYorkers’Routine:ASurprisingMixtureofBoredomandExcitement【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。講述了攝影師麗塔·南尼尼重返紐約后對(duì)地鐵始發(fā)站和終點(diǎn)站拍照的經(jīng)歷及其感慨?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ButafterrelocatingtoNewJerseyforseveralyearswheresubwayisnotanoption,Nanninifoundthatabsencedidmaketheheartgrowfonder —maybeevenforpizzarats.DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway’sfacilities(但是，在搬到新澤西州幾年后，由于當(dāng)?shù)貨]有地鐵可選，南尼尼發(fā)現(xiàn)，缺失反而讓她的心中更加思念——也許甚至對(duì)吃披薩的老鼠來(lái)說(shuō)也是如此。南尼尼回到紐約時(shí)，她點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭，注意到地鐵設(shè)施有所改善。)”可知，南尼尼再次回到紐約，她感到地鐵設(shè)施有所改善，很不錯(cuò)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“WhileNanniniwaswaitingforatrain,abenchontheplatformoppositecaughtherattentionduetotheeverchangingfacesandcharacters(南尼尼在等火車時(shí)，對(duì)面站臺(tái)上的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)椅吸引了她的注意，因?yàn)樯厦娴娜四樅徒巧偸遣粩嘧儞Q著。)”以及“Havinglearnedtheteenagers’popular“EndoftheLine”challenge—boardingtrainsatrandomandridingthemuntiltheirfinaldestination;NanninidecidedtovisiteveryfirstandlaststopacrosstheNYsubway’slineswithherbelovedcamera.(在了解了青少年們流行的‘終點(diǎn)線’挑戰(zhàn)——即隨機(jī)登上火車并一直坐到終點(diǎn)后，南尼尼決定帶著她心愛的相機(jī)，走訪紐約地鐵線路上的每一個(gè)首發(fā)站和終點(diǎn)站。)”可知，本段講的是Nannini在地鐵站看到的人物與景象，促使她決定帶著她心愛的相機(jī)，走遍紐約地鐵的每一站和最后一站，即本段講述了Nannini拍攝地鐵照片的靈感來(lái)源，故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,”shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That’swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.”(她繼續(xù)說(shuō)：‘你在郊區(qū)開車時(shí)，你不會(huì)有這樣的邂逅。人們是在地鐵上走進(jìn)你的生活。這就是我在軌道旅途中最讓我震撼的事情?！?”可推理出，南尼尼認(rèn)為乘坐地鐵的生活比開車的生活更有趣，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway’sfacilities(在回訪紐約期間南尼尼點(diǎn)頭稱贊，注意到地鐵設(shè)施的改善。)”、第四段“It’softensaidthatmyphotosshowtheendofthelines—thelaststops,”shesaid.“Buttheendofthelineisindeedthestartforsomanypeople.Thatmademethinkaboutwhothepeopleandthecommunitiesthatliveatthetwoendsareandwhatitisthatthesubwaymeanstothem”(‘人們常說(shuō)我的照片展示了線路的終點(diǎn)——最后一站?！f(shuō)：‘但對(duì)于那些很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，終點(diǎn)實(shí)際上是起點(diǎn)。這讓我思考起生活在兩端的人們和社區(qū)是誰(shuí)，以及地鐵對(duì)他們意味著什么。’)”以及最后一段““Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,”shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That‘swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.’(她繼續(xù)說(shuō)：‘你在郊區(qū)開車時(shí)，你不會(huì)有這樣的邂逅。人們是在地鐵上走進(jìn)你的生活。這就是我在軌道旅途中最讓我震撼的事情?！?”可知本文主要講的是攝影師麗塔·南尼尼重返紐約后對(duì)地鐵始發(fā)站和終點(diǎn)站拍照的經(jīng)歷及其感慨；C項(xiàng)“LastStoptoNewStart:APhotographer’sRediscoveryofNYSubways(最后一站到新起點(diǎn)：攝影師重新發(fā)現(xiàn)紐約地鐵)”能夠概括文章主題，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。CAfterdecadesofexploringthemoon,adramaticvisionisfinallybecomingreality.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.AccordingtoArtnet,theonlyruleforacceptancefortheseworksisthattheymusthavebeenpre-curated(預(yù)先策劃)byaprofessionalknowntoSamuelPeralta,theleaderoftheproject.SpeakingwithTheNewYorkTimes,Peraltasaidthattheaimoftheprojectistocreate“amessageinthebottleforthefixture”，showingthat“duringthistimeofwar,pandemicandeconomiccrisis,peoplestillfoundtimetocreatebeauty.”Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavetriedsendinghumanlegacies(遺產(chǎn))toouterspace.In1969,theApollo12missioncarriedaceramicpiecewithdrawings.In1971,theApollo15staffleftasculpturetohonorthosewhohaddiedinspaceexploration.What’smorefamousistheGoldenRecordcarriedbyspacecraftVoyager1and2fromNASAin1977,whichcontainshumanlanguage,musicandimages.Forexample,apieceofChineseguqinmusic,calledFlowingStreamswasincludedinit.Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspace-relatedworks;butgradually,morehuman-relatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.Thesechangingcriteriaalsoleavespaceforordinarypeopletoimagineandthink.ManypeoplearenowtryingtostoretheirDNAinformationdigitally.Willpeoplebeabletofindevenmoresurprisingandinventivewaystopreservetheirlegacyinthefuture?Onlytimecantell.28.Whatisthegoaloftheproject?A.Tomakethemoonlivable. B.Toshowrespecttoartists.C.Topreservetheexistingbeauty. D.TocontinuetheworkofVoyager2.29.Whydoestheauthormentionthemissionsin1969，1971and1977?A.Toexplainthemissionsareimportant.B.Tocomplainpeopleexploredouterspacenotsooften.C.ToshowChineseculturewasincludedgradually.D.Toprovepeoplehavebeendeliveringlegaciestothemoon.30.Whatdoesthechangeofthecriteriareflect?A.Humancivilizationisinclusive.B.Peopledon’tcareaboutspace-relatedworks.C.Women’spositionhasbeenimproved.D.PeopletakeAIseriously.31.Wherecanyoufindthearticle?A.Abrochure. B.Amagazine. C.Anadvertisement. D.Aposter.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，文章主要講的是經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的月球探索，一個(gè)戲劇性的愿景終于成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，即人類的許多象征性遺產(chǎn)將被儲(chǔ)存在月球上?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.(《衛(wèi)報(bào)》最近報(bào)道稱，一個(gè)名為L(zhǎng)unarCodex的項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃將來(lái)自150多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的藝術(shù)家、作家、電影制作人和音樂家的3萬(wàn)多件作品發(fā)送并儲(chǔ)存在月球上。)”可知此次活動(dòng)的目的是為了將現(xiàn)存的一些美好的東西進(jìn)行保存，即保存現(xiàn)存的美。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段首句“Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavetriedsendinghumanlegacies(遺產(chǎn))toouterspace.(事實(shí)上，這并不是人類第一次嘗試將人類遺產(chǎn)送往外太空。)”可知事實(shí)上這并不是人類第一次嘗試將人類遺產(chǎn)送往外太空，接著后文就這一論斷進(jìn)行了舉例，所以提到1969年、1971年和1977年任務(wù)的目的是為了證明人類一直在向月球運(yùn)送遺產(chǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Althoughwedon’tknowwhodetermineswhichsymbolsofhumanlegacygetsentouttospaceinmostprojects,it’sobviousthatthecriteriakeepchanging.Inthepast，spaceheritageproductsonlyfocusedonspace-relatedworks;butgradually,morehuman-relatedcontemporarygoodswhichheldgreatimportanceintheirrespectiveerashavebeenaddedtothelist.IntheLunarCodex,films,diverseartandliteraryworksproducedbywomen,disabledartists,andevenAIhavebeencollectedforthefirsttimetobesenttothemoon.(雖然我們不知道在大多數(shù)項(xiàng)目中是誰(shuí)決定將哪些人類遺產(chǎn)的象征送入太空，但很明顯，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在不斷變化。過(guò)去，空間遺產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品只關(guān)注與空間相關(guān)的作品；但漸漸地，更多與人類有關(guān)的、在各自時(shí)代具有重要意義的當(dāng)代商品被加入了名單。在LunarCodex中，首次收集了電影、女性、殘疾人藝術(shù)家制作的各種藝術(shù)和文學(xué)作品，甚至人工智能也被送往月球。)”可知隨著標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不斷變化，越來(lái)越多的與人類有關(guān)的、在各自時(shí)代具有重要意義的當(dāng)代商品被加入了送往太空的人類遺產(chǎn)名單，由此可以推斷人類文明是包容的。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Afterdecadesofexploringthemoon,adramaticvisionisfinallybecomingreality.TheGuardianrecentlyreportedthataprojectcalledLunarCodexisplanningtosendandstoreover30,000worksonthemoonfromartists,writers,filmmakers,andmusiciansfromover150countriesandregions.Thegoodstobestoredrangefromnovelsandpaintingstomusic,films，andevensoilfromEarth.(經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的月球探索，一個(gè)戲劇性的愿景終于成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。《衛(wèi)報(bào)》最近報(bào)道稱，一個(gè)名為L(zhǎng)unarCodex的項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃將來(lái)自150多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的藝術(shù)家、作家、電影制作人和音樂家的3萬(wàn)多件作品發(fā)送并儲(chǔ)存在月球上。儲(chǔ)存的物品從小說(shuō)、繪畫到音樂、電影，甚至是地球上的土壤。)”以及文章其他段落的內(nèi)容可知文章主要內(nèi)容與月球探索有關(guān)，所以文章有可能出自一本與月球探索有關(guān)的雜志。故選B項(xiàng)。DMorethan50millionpeopleinAsia,Africa,theMiddleEastandelsewherefollowpastoralism(游牧)asawayoflife.Thepracticehassurvivedforsolongbecauseitisdesignedtochangewiththeenvironment.Pastoralistsmovewithanimalstofindnewlandsandwater,leavingbehindeatenplantstoregrow.Mongoliaiswellknownforitspastoralism.Agvaantogtokhandhisfamilyareherders(牧民).Onhorseback,herideswithnearlyathousandsheepandgoatstohelpthemfindwater.Sometimes,heandhiswife,Nurmaa,stoptohelpstrugglingyoungones,weakafteradifficultwinter.ForfamilieslikeAgvaantogtokh’s,pastoralismismorethanaprofession.Itisaculturalidentitythatconnectsgenerations.Atitsheartisthehumanconnectiontoanimals.Whiletheyconsidertheanimalsastheirproperty,theyalsoseethemaslivingbeingsworkingalongsidethem.Researcherssayherdersbelievein“animalagency”.Agvaantogtokhletshisanimalschoosethefoodtheyeatandwheretheyfindwater.Tohim,restrictingananimal’smovementandaskingittoeatthesamethingeachdayislikeputtingapersoninprison.InMongolia,weatherextremesareapartoflife.WhenAgvaantogtokhthinksaboutclimatechange,heisconcernedabouthumansandanimals.ContinuousdryandwarmweatheraffectsMongolia.Since1940,thegovernmentsays,averagetemperatureshaverisen2.2degreesCelsius.Tokeeptheirpracticealive,pastoralistsseekwaystomodernize.InMongolia,Lkhaebumrecentlybeganusingasmallvehicletomoreeasilysearchforhorses.ThefamilyuseselectricityandhasothertechnologiesincludingaTVandawashingmachine.Theyalsouseacellphonetofollowtheweatherandaccesssocialmediawhereherdersshareinformation.Oneofthebiggestthreatstopastoralismcomesfromwithin.NurmaaandAgvaantogtokh’s18-year-olddaughterstudiesmedicine.Theirsonspokeaboutbecomingaherderwhenhewasachild,butnotanymore.“Iwon’tregretanythingifmychildwon’tbeaherder,”Nurmaasaid.“Iwouldlikethemtodowhattheydesiretodo.”32.Whatcontributestothesurvivalofpastoralism?A.Hugepastoralistpopulations. B.Adaptationtotheenvironment.C.Herders’desiretotraveltonewplaces. D.Slowdevelopmentofmodernization.33.WhatdoespastoralismmeantoAgvaantogtokh?A.Thedistinctidentityofanimals. B.Apoorly-paidprofession.C.Anout-of-datelifestyle. D.Thebondbetweenmanandanimals.34.Whatdoes“animalagency”inParagraph4referto?A.Animals’livingincages. B.Animals’eatingthesamething.C.Animals’strugglinginshelters. D.Animals’movingaroundfreely.35.Whatisabigchallengeforpastoralism?A.Moderntechnology. B.Nogovernmentsupport.C.Youngpeople’sdisinterestinit. D.Lackofinformationexchange.【答案】32.B33.D34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要從游牧民族的人口數(shù)量、生活方式、現(xiàn)代科技對(duì)他們生活的改變以及所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)方面，詳細(xì)介紹了以蒙古為代表的游牧民族的生活?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thepracticehassurvivedforsolongbecauseitisdesignedtochangewiththeenvironment.Pastoralistsmovewithanimalstofindnewlandsandwater,leavingbehindeatenplantstoregrow.”（這種做法之所以能流傳這么久，是因?yàn)樗脑O(shè)計(jì)是隨著環(huán)境的變化而變化的。牧民帶著動(dòng)物遷徙，尋找新的土地和水源，留下被吃掉的植物重新生長(zhǎng)。）可知，游牧這種生活方式之所以能流傳這么多年，是因?yàn)槭来撩癫捎昧诉m應(yīng)環(huán)境的生存方式。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ForfamilieslikeAgvaantogtokh’s,pastoralismismorethanaprofession.Itisaculturalidentitythatconnectsgenerations.Atitsheartisthehumanconnectiontoanimals.Whiletheyconsidertheanimalsastheirproperty,theyalsoseethemaslivingbeingsworkingalongsidethem.”（對(duì)于像Agvaantogtokh這樣的牧民家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，畜牧不僅僅是一種職業(yè)。它是一種世代相傳的文化認(rèn)同。它的核心是人類與動(dòng)物的聯(lián)系。雖然他們認(rèn)為動(dòng)物是他們的財(cái)產(chǎn)，但也把它們視為一起工作的生物。）可知，對(duì)于牧民Agvaantogtokh來(lái)說(shuō)，游牧是連接人們和動(dòng)物的紐帶。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】邏輯推理題。根據(jù)第四段“Researcherssayherdersbelievein“animalagency”.Agvaantogtokhletshisanimalschoosethefoodtheyeatandwheretheyfindwater.Tohim,restrictingananimal’smovementandaskingittoeatthesamethingeachdayislikeputtingapersoninprison.”（研究人員表示，牧民相信“動(dòng)物代理機(jī)構(gòu)”。Agvaantogtokh讓他的動(dòng)物選擇它們吃的食物和它們?cè)谀睦镎业剿?duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，限制動(dòng)物的活動(dòng)并要求它每天吃同樣的東西就像把一個(gè)人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄一樣。）可推斷出，動(dòng)物在所謂的“animalagency”里非常的自由。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Oneofthebiggestthreatstopastoralismcomesfromwithin.NurmaaandAgvaantogtokh’s18-year-olddaughterstudiesmedicine.Theirsonspokeaboutbecomingaherderwhenhewasachild,butnotanymore.”（畜牧業(yè)面臨的最大威脅之一來(lái)自家庭內(nèi)在因素。Nurmaa和Agvaantogtokh18歲的女兒在學(xué)醫(yī)。他們的兒子小時(shí)候想成為一名牧民，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不想了。）可知，牧民的子女對(duì)畜牧業(yè)不再感興趣，不想延續(xù)父輩的游牧生活。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Herearethedon’tsanddo’sofshowingyoursupportforyourfriendswhenthey’rehavingahardtime.____36____.Therearetwoproblematickindsofhelpers;enthusiastsandfretters.Enthusiaststendtopushtheiradvice—toinsistonfixingorovercomingtheproblem.Frettersaresoworriedabouttheirfriend’schallengesthattheyareconstantlyconcernedaboutwhethertheyaredoingenoughtohelp.Trytokeepthosebehaviorsincheck.Nooneshouldhavetomanageyouwhenthey’regoingthroughatragedy.Don’tminimizethepainandstayawayfromstatistics.Forexample,ifafriendfailedthecollegeexam,don’ttellhimthat70%ofstudentsendinfailure.Rememberthatitdoesn’tmeanlesspainjustbecauseithappenstoalotofpeople.____37____.Keepthefocusonyourfriends.Whenyourfriendsaretalkingtoyou,it’seasyforyoutoshareasimilarstoryinanefforttorelateandconnect.Butit’snotalwayswelcome.Theymightfeelthatyou’vemadetheirpainaboutyou.____38____,letthemknowthatyouwentthroughsomethingsimilarbutallowthemtodecideiftheywanttohearaboutitatthemoment.Showingupisn’taone-timething.Rememberthatgrief(悲傷)issocomplexandyourfriendsmightgothroughseveralstagesofsorrow.____39____.Itmeansalotifyourfriendsknowthatyouarethinkingaboutthemallthetime.Askyourfriendshowyoucanbesthelp.____40____.Justask!A.Don’tletthemstayaloneB.Trynottobeover-enthusisaticorover-worriedC.KeepintouchwiththemandseeiftheyneedyoursupportD.IfyoudofeelthatyourexperiencemightbehelpfultothemE.Youdon’tneedtoautomaticallyknowwhatkindofhelptheywantF.Instead,feelwithyourfriendthebignessofwhatthey’regoingthroughG.Whenthereisn’taperfectresponsethatisgoingtomakepeoplefeelbetter【答案】36.B37.F38.D39.C40.