話(huà)題25 社會(huì)進(jìn)步與人類(lèi)文明 2025年高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)

話(huà)題25社會(huì)進(jìn)步與人類(lèi)文明2025年高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)目錄話(huà)題詞匯梳理壹核心詞匯突破貳教材句型遷移叁話(huà)題語(yǔ)篇拓展肆話(huà)題與教材教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)人教選必一U2,U5；外研選必二U3,選必三U4；北師大選必四U12核心詞匯突破

arise，advance，signal，occur，mercy，operate教材句型遷移

①nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句②sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句③sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句④so...that...⑤such...that...TeachingGuide話(huà)題詞匯梳理壹1.arisevi.(arose,arisen)

2.

n.十年,十年期

3.

vt.下載n.下載

4.eran.

5.fabricn.

6.governmentn.

7.mathematics(math/maths)n.

8.networkn.

vt.將……連接成網(wǎng)絡(luò);聯(lián)播vi.建立工作關(guān)系

9.occurvi.

10.

adj.有機(jī)的,綠色的;有機(jī)物的(問(wèn)題或困難)出現(xiàn),發(fā)生;(由……)引起;起床,起立decadedownload時(shí)代,年代,紀(jì)元織物,布料;結(jié)構(gòu)政府,內(nèi)閣;政體;統(tǒng)治,治理數(shù)學(xué)(互聯(lián))網(wǎng)絡(luò);網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng);人際網(wǎng);電視網(wǎng)發(fā)生,出現(xiàn)organic11.

adj.可靠的;固體的;結(jié)實(shí)的n.固體;立體圖形

12.tabletn.

13.popup

14.advancen.進(jìn)步,進(jìn)展;(尤指士兵的)前進(jìn),推進(jìn)

adj.先進(jìn)的;(課程)高深的,高級(jí)的;晚期的搭配inadvance(ofsth.)

15.

n.農(nóng)業(yè),農(nóng)學(xué),農(nóng)藝

adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的

16.civiladj.文明的,有禮貌的;公民的,國(guó)民的;民用的;民事的

n.文明;(特定時(shí)期或地區(qū)的)社會(huì)文明;文明世界civiliann.

civilise(NAmE-ize)vt.

17.educatevt.(在學(xué)校)教育;教導(dǎo),指導(dǎo)

adj.受過(guò)良好教育(或訓(xùn)練)的,有教養(yǎng)的educationn.

n.教育工作者,教師educationaladj.

advanced→→→→→(時(shí)間上)在……前,預(yù)先,事先;(發(fā)展上)超前agricultureagriculturalcivilisation/civilization平民,老百姓教化,使有教養(yǎng);使開(kāi)化,使文明educated(尤指學(xué)校)教育;(某一學(xué)科的)教育;教育機(jī)構(gòu),教育界人士educator教育的,有關(guān)教育的,有教育意義的→→突然出現(xiàn),冒出來(lái)solid平板電腦;藥片;(刻有文字的)碑,牌;便箋本18.electronicadj.電子的,電子器件的

n.電,電能electricadj.

electricaladj.

拓展electricalpower/energy

19.emphasizevt.強(qiáng)調(diào);使突出

n.強(qiáng)調(diào),重視,重要性

20.globen.地球,世界;地球儀

v.(使)全球化globalization(BrE-isation)n.

21.kitn.

拓展

afirstaidkit

22.mercyn.

adj.仁慈的

adj.殘忍的,無(wú)情的

23.operatevi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),工作;動(dòng)手術(shù);經(jīng)營(yíng)vt.操作,控制v.(被)使用,(使)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)

n.操作人員;接線(xiàn)員;經(jīng)營(yíng)者operationn.

_______________________24.

n.停車(chē)位;停車(chē)

parkn.

v.停,泊

electricity→→→用電的,電動(dòng)的電的,用電的,發(fā)電的電力;電能emphasisglobalize/globalise全球化成套工具,成套設(shè)備;配套元件急救箱仁慈,寬恕;恩惠mercifulmerciless→→→operator→操作;手術(shù);企業(yè),公司;(工商業(yè))活動(dòng),業(yè)務(wù);(有組織的)活動(dòng),行動(dòng);(尤指涉及眾多人員的)軍事行動(dòng),警方行動(dòng)parking公園;專(zhuān)用區(qū),園區(qū);(英國(guó))莊園,庭院;運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng),(尤指)棒球場(chǎng)→25.powern._________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

adj.有影響力的;強(qiáng)有力的;有強(qiáng)烈作用的;強(qiáng)壯的搭配cometo

power______________inpower

apower

failure________26.realadj.

n.現(xiàn)實(shí);事實(shí)

adv.真實(shí)地;的確

27.reformvt.改革,改進(jìn)v.(使)改正,改造(行為)n.改革,變革,改良

adj.改過(guò)自新的28.signaln.

v.發(fā)信號(hào),示意vt.表明,標(biāo)志;表達(dá),表示搭配signalsb.todosth.

29.technologyn.工藝,科技,技術(shù)學(xué)

adj.科技的,技術(shù)的

adv.技術(shù)上控制力,操縱力;統(tǒng)治,政權(quán);權(quán)力,職權(quán);(身體、心智的)某種能力;力量,威力;電力供應(yīng);powerful(開(kāi)始)掌權(quán),上臺(tái)執(zhí)政(身體的)力量,體力;有影響力的大國(guó)停電→→真實(shí)的;正宗的;真正的realityreallyreformed信號(hào),暗號(hào);標(biāo)志;(尤指鐵路和公路上的)信號(hào)燈,紅綠燈示意某人做某事→technologicaltechnologically核心詞匯突破貳(1)我們是不是可以首先討論上次會(huì)議中產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題？Canwebeginbydiscussingmatters_____________________thelastmeeting?(2)他立刻從座位上站了起來(lái)。He__________________________immediately.(3)身體上的原因可以引起情緒或精神上的問(wèn)題。Emotionalormentalproblemscan_________________aphysicalcause.(4)新危機(jī)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。_________________________________1.arisevi.（arose,arisen）出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生·arisefrom=ariseoutof由……引起/產(chǎn)生；從……中產(chǎn)生·arisefromone’schair/seat從椅子/座位上站起來(lái)

arisesfromhisseatarisingfromarisefromAnewcrisishasarisen.(1)這個(gè)主意是他在夢(mèng)中想到的。Theidea____________________________.(2)她沒(méi)想到請(qǐng)別人幫忙。Itdidn’toccurtoher________________________.(3)這個(gè)程序可以統(tǒng)計(jì)任何單詞在文本中出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)。Theprogramcountsthenumberof_________________(occur)ofanywordwithinthetext.2.occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；存在·sth.occurs/occurredtosb.某人突然想起某事·Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……·Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事※occurrencen.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)

拓展注意:表示“某人突然想起……”的句式還有:sth.strike(s)/hit(s)sb.Ithits/strikessb.that.toaskforhelpoccurredtohiminadream

occurrences(1)提前訂票會(huì)便宜一些。It’scheaperifyoubookthetickets______________.(2)颶風(fēng)襲來(lái)之前，沿海地帶的人已經(jīng)撤離。Peoplewereevacuatedfromthecoastalregions__________________________.(3)要想在這一科學(xué)領(lǐng)域有進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展，我們需要更多的資金。Weneedmoremoneyifweareto________________________________thisareaofscience.3.advancen.進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展·advaneon/towardssb./sth.向某人/物前進(jìn)·inadvance預(yù)先；事先inadvanceof(時(shí)間上)提前于……makeadvances/anadvancein在……方面取得進(jìn)步※advancedadj.高級(jí)的；先進(jìn)的inadvance

inadvanceofthehurricanemakeanyfurtheradvancesin(1)她完全聽(tīng)任他的擺布。Shewascompletely___________________.(2)我們受制于天氣。Wewere_________________________theweather.(3)他對(duì)激怒他的人毫不留情。Heshowedno___________tothosewhohadangeredhim.4.mercyn.仁慈；憐憫；寬恕·atthemercyof...任……擺布，受……控制·begformercy請(qǐng)求寬恕，求饒·havemercyonsb.憐憫某人·withoutmercy毫不憐憫地 atthemercyofathismercymercy(1)我們得給他的眼睛動(dòng)手術(shù)。Wewillhaveto_______________hiseyes.(2)她需要接受腳踝手術(shù)。She’sgoingto____________________onherankle.(3)我讓接線(xiàn)員把我的電話(huà)接到她的辦公室。Iaskedthe_____________________________toheroffice.5.operatev.操作；做手術(shù)·operateon/uponsb.

給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)※operatorn.（電腦）操作員；接線(xiàn)員※operationn.操作；手術(shù) ·come/go

intooperation開(kāi)始工作(生效)

put/o

operation

實(shí)施；實(shí)行

operateonneedanoperationoperatortoputmethrough(1)他示意要我們?nèi)ニ莾骸esignalledtous___________________.(2)她示意該走了。Shesignalled(that)_______________________.(3)我們不想向投資者發(fā)出錯(cuò)誤的信號(hào)。Wedon’twantto______________________________________.6.signaln.信號(hào)；信號(hào)燈vi.&vt.發(fā)信號(hào)；示意vt.表明；標(biāo)志著·signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事signalsb.that...示意(某人)……·sendoutasignal發(fā)出信號(hào)atrafficsignal交通信號(hào)

tojoinhimitwastimetoleavesentoutthewrongsignaltoinvestors教材句型遷移叁①nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句(1)既然我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，就一定要確保全部完成。________________________________________________,wemustseeitthroughtothebitterend.(2)既然大家都知道真相了，只好硬著頭皮撐過(guò)去。__________________________________________,theonlythingtodowastobrazenitout.(3)既然我們知道不會(huì)有學(xué)生，修建新學(xué)校的計(jì)劃就毫無(wú)意義。Theplansforanewschoolareadeadletter,__________________________________________________.(4)我對(duì)此較為熟悉，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)谡務(wù)撐覀冏约旱捏w系。Iwasonmorefamiliarground_________________________________________________.(5)由于彼此之間有了進(jìn)一步了解﹐我們相處得不錯(cuò)。______________________________________________,wegetalongfine.nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表示既然﹐由于。nowthatweweretalkingaboutourownsystemnowthatweknowtherewillbenopupilsforitNowthateveryoneknewthetruthNowthatwehavebegunthisprojectNowthatweknoweachotheralittlebetter②sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句⑴我讓小女孩站到椅子上，好讓她看得見(jiàn)。___________________________________________⑵我們通過(guò)大喊和敲鍋發(fā)出噪音，以便我們能把熊?chē)樑堋＂賅emadeloudnoisesbyyellingandbangingpots_________________________________________.②Wemadeloudnoisesbyyellingandbangingpots_________________________________.·sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“以便，為了”，其從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常和can/could,may/might連用。·sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以和inorderthat相互轉(zhuǎn)化，而且當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，還可以和inorderto,soasto結(jié)構(gòu)互相轉(zhuǎn)化?！othat亦可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“因此，所以”,從句中通常不用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Istoodthelittlegirlonachairsothatshecouldsee.

sothat/inorderthatwecouldscarethebearawayinorderto/soastoscarethebearaway③sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句(1)他身體虛弱得幾乎站不起來(lái)了。Hewassoweak_______________________________.(2)煙霧濃得他們連門(mén)廳的對(duì)面都看不到。__________________________

thattheycouldn’tseeacrossthehallway.

(3)一切都發(fā)生得這么快﹐我都來(lái)不及去思考。____________________________________________________(4)他壓低了聲音﹐這樣多麗絲就不會(huì)聽(tīng)到了。________________________________________·sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),譯為“因此，結(jié)果”，主從句之間有時(shí)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。·sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中通常有may，might，can，could等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，主從句不能用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。常譯為“為的是……；以便……”thathecouldhardlystandupTherewassomuchsmokeEverythinghappenedsoquicklythatIhadn’ttimetothink.HeloweredhisvoicesoDoriscouldn’thear.④so…that…⑴瑪麗病得很重，因此我們不得不派湯姆去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生。Mary______________wehadtosendTomforadoctor.⑵他工作非常細(xì)心，所以未出一點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤。Heworked__________________hedidnotmakeasinglemistake.⑶商店里的東西太多了，不知道買(mǎi)什么好。Thereare_____________________________itisdifficulttoknowwhattobuy.

⑷由于天熱缺水，所以草變黃了。Thegrassreceived__________________itturnedbrownintheheat.⑸那是一本非常有趣的書(shū)，因此他難以釋手。Itwas__________________________hecouldn’tputitdown.so…that…意為“這樣（如此）……以致/因此/因而……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。wassoillthatsocarefullythatsomanythingsintheshopthatsolittlewaterthatsointerestingabookthat⑤such…that…·such…that…意為“這樣（如此）……以致”，such在本句型中是限定詞，作定語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句?！uch…that…主要用于三種句型：⑴such+a/an+（單數(shù)可數(shù)）n.+that從句；⑵such+（復(fù)數(shù)名詞）n.+that從句；⑶such+（不可數(shù)）n.+that從句。⑴我們走得如此匆忙，以致忘了鎖門(mén)。______________________________________________⑵這些書(shū)很有趣，我們都喜歡看。___________________________________________________⑶天氣那么好，所以我們決定去野餐。_____________________________________________Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgettolockthedoor.Theyaresuchinterestingbooksthatweallenjoyreadingthem.Itwassuchlovelyweatherthatwedecidedtogoonapicnic.

拓展

①such...that與so...that兩句型可以互相轉(zhuǎn)化：Theyweresobusy/Theyweresuchbusymenthattheyforgottheirmeal.②such位于句首時(shí)，主句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序：SuchagoodrunnerwashethatIcouldnotcatchhimup.

話(huà)題語(yǔ)段拓展肆一、閱讀下面語(yǔ)段，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)[教材改編,外研選必四U5P52]Comparingthehighly-sophisticatedcivilisationsoftheMayaandAncientChinarevealssomesurprising1.Theybothpossesseda2understandingofmathematicsandastronomy,whichhelpedthemmaintainanaccuratecalendar,andacomplex3systemthatusedsignstorepresentsoundsandmeanings.Itcanthereforebedifficulttoexplainwhy,4theirexcellentconstructionskills,theMayaneverlearnttousewheels,metaltoolsorevenanimalpower,whiletheancientChinesedid.Factssucha