2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit8GreenLiving單元素養(yǎng)評價(jià)作業(yè)含解析北師大版必修第三冊

PAGE單元素養(yǎng)評價(jià)(二)Unit8(120分鐘150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。Text1W:①Wouldyoulookatthispaper?M:What?W:ThePerdinkswonthebaseballgamelastnight.M:Wow.IwishIhadseenitinsteadoftheboringmoviefilledupwithadvertisements.1.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Watchingamovie.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Makinganadvertisement.答案:BText2M:Let’smeetat20to5.W:Well.②Couldwemakeit20past5?W:That’sabitlateforme.②Icouldmanage10past.M:OK.Seeyouthen.2.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.5:20.B.5:10.C.5:40.答案:BText3M:Whattimeareweleavingfortheouting?W:I’llphoneyoutomorrow.③Ishouldhaveeverythingsortedoutbythen.3.Whatwillthemando?A.Changetheplan. B.Waitforaphonecall.C.Sortthingsout.答案:CText4W:④Themosturgentthingformeatthemomentisplanningthiswedding.M:I’msuchabadfriend.Congratulations!Ihadnoideayouwereengaged.W:Well,wehaven’tgotaroundtotellingalotofpeople.4.Whatisgoingonwiththewoman?A.Sheisgoingtogetmarried.B.Shehasabadfriend.C.Sheforgetstotellpeoplethings.答案:AText5W:Thiscarlooksabitold,canyoustilldriveit?M:Well,mylittlebabemaylooknotyoung,⑤butit’sstillasvigorousasitwas15yearsago!5.Whatisthecarlike?A.It’spowerful. B.Itlooksnew.C.Itcan’tbedrivenanymore.答案:A其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6M:Hello,Mary,thisisTed.⑥Myflightjustlanded.Ithoughtyouhadarrangedforsomeonetomeetmehereandtakemetothehotel.W:Idid!Wasn’ttheresomeoneholdingasignwithyournameonit?M:No,therewasn’t.I’vecollectedmyluggage,andnowI’mnotsurewhattodo.W:OK,waitforamomentand⑦I’llgetsomeonethereassoonaspossible.Sorryfortheinconvenience.6.Whereistheman?A.Atanairport. B.Atacompany.C.Atahotel.答案:A7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Collecthisluggagerightaway.B.Holdasignwithhisnameonit.C.Waitforsomeoneelsetopickhimup.答案:C聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7W:Weneedtohaveaserioustalk.M:Aboutwhat?W:⑧Yourattendance—orrather,lackofit.M:OK,soI’vemissedafewclasses?W:Afewclasses?I’vebeentoldyou’vemissedsixoutofeighttimesintwodifferentclasses!That’sreallysettingyourselfuptofail.You’reabouttobeinbigtrouble.M:What’sthebigdealaboutmissingsomeclasses?W:Thebigdealisthatyou’rehereonastudentvisa.M:So?W:Soifyoudon’tattendclassesregularly,youwon’tbeafull-timestudent—whichyourvisarequires.M:Whatareyougoingtodo?Turnmeintothepolice?W:I’llhavetoreportyouifyoucontinuemissingyourclasses.⑨ThenI’mafraidyou’llhavetopackyourthings.8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Helosthisstudentvisa.B.Heoftenmakestrouble.C.Heisoftenabsentfromclass.答案:C9.Whatistheworstresultoftheman’sbehaviour?A.He’llbesentbackhome.B.He’llhavetorestarthiscourse.C.He’llstayinthepolicestation.答案:A聽第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8W:Bob,I’msureyouknowaboutsecond-handsmoke.M:Ofcourse.Ido.W:Buthaveyouheardaboutthird-handsmoke?M:Third-handsmoke?I’mafraidnot.Whatisthatthen?W:Well,⑩itishereintoday’spaper.Parentsmaythinktheyareprotectingchildrenfromsecond-handsmokewhentheysmokeoutsidetheirhomeoronlywhenthechildrenarenotthere.Butnowresearchersarewarningaboutwhattheycallthird-handsmoke.Whenyousmoke,dangerousmatterincigarettesgetsintoyourhairandclothing.Asbabiesaretheweakest,whenyoucometoababy,youpassittothebabyandincreasethechancesofdiseaseinthebaby.M:Isthatso?QUOTEInthatcaseIhavetosaythatIshouldnevergetclosetoababy.W:That’sright.QUOTEActuallyallsmokingparentsshoulddothesameorbettergiveitupcompletely.10.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthird-handsmoke?A.Fromyoungsmokers.B.Fromanewspaperarticle.C.Fromsomesmokingparents.答案:B11.Whydoesthemansaythathewouldkeepawayfrombabies?A.Hehasjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.答案:C12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestsmokingparentsshoulddo?A.Stopsmokingaltogether.B.Smokeonlyoutsidetheirrooms.C.Reducedangerousmattersincigarettes.答案:A聽第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9W:QUOTEHowdoyouthinkthekidswerefeelingtonight?M:Theybothseemedbeat.W:Iagree.IthoughtHectorwasgoingtofallasleepatthedinnertable,andyoushouldhaveseenTeresadraggingherselfinfromschooltoday.Shecouldbarelypickupherheadtosayhello.M:Wellit’sbeenabusycoupleofmonths.QUOTEHector’sAPclassesareverydemanding,andhe’sbeenworkingreallyhardatthesupermarket.W:QUOTEAndTeresahasbeensobusywiththeschoolmusical.Shewasexcitedwhenshegottheleadrole,butI’mnotsosurethatsheunderstoodwhatitwouldinvolve.M:Isupposethegoodnewsisthatsummerisn’tfaraway.W:It’sagoodlessonforallofusaboutovercommitting.Ithinkweshouldencouragethemtofocusonjustacoupleofactivities,ratherthansomanyatonce.M:Iagree.ButIdon’tthinkweshouldtellthemtoquit,either.Theyneedtolearntofinishwhatthey’vestarted,evenwhenitgetstough.WQUOTEMaybewecanfindawaytoencouragethem.M:Whatdoyouhaveinmind?W:Iwashopingyou’dhavesomeideas.13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Friends.C.Brotherandsister.答案:A14.What’swrongwithHector?A.He’sbeenworkingtoomuch.B.Heoftenfallsasleepinclass.C.Hedoesn’twanttoworkinthegrocerystore.答案:A15.WhatisTeresabusywith?A.Sheisbusywithamusical.B.SheisbusywithherAPclasses.C.Sheisbusywithherpart-timejob.答案:A16.Howwillthespeakershelptheirchildren?A.Askthemtoquit.B.Encouragethemtokeepgoing.C.Takethemonasummervacation.答案:B聽第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10QUOTEGoodafternoon,dearcustomers!ThisisaspecialrequestfromthesecuritydepartmenthereatWandaPlaza.Wehopeyouarefindingeverythingyouarelookingfor,butrightnow,weneedyourhelp.Wearelookingfora6-year-oldboynamedLaurenceLynch.Laurence,ifyoucanhearthis,pleasegotothesecuritydesklocatedatthefrontoftheplazanearthePizzaHut.Yourmomislookingforyou.Allotherguests,pleasetakeamomenttohelpusfindLaurence.QUOTEHismotherClarewaslastwithhiminthefoodsectionabout30minutesago,andshethinksheisstillsomewhereintheplaza,possiblyinthetoysectionorthesportingsection.QUOTELaurenceiswearingaredshirt,bluejeans,whiteshoes,andablackbaseballcap.Heisabout5feet2inchestallwithdarkhairandblueeyes.IfyouseeLaurence,QUOTEpleasehelphimtogettothesecuritydesklocatedatthefrontoftheplaza.YoucanalsoapproachanyofourstaffmembersifyouseeLaurenceorhaveanyotherinformationaboutwherehemightbe.Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp,andenjoytherestofyourdayhereatWandaPlaza.17.Wherewasthemissingboylastseen?A.Inthefoodsection.B.Inthesportingsection.C.Inthetoysection.答案:A18.Whenwastheboyprobablylost?A.Ataround9a.m.B.Atabout3p.m.C.Atabout10p.m.答案:B19.Whatistheboywearing?A.Awhiteshirtandaredbaseballcap.B.Bluejeansandablackbaseballcap.C.Adarkshirtandbluejeans.答案:B20.Whatshouldguestsdoiftheyseetheboy?A.Callthesecuritydepartment.B.TakehimtothePizzaHut.C.Helphimtoreachthesecuritydesk.答案:C其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2024·啟東高一檢測)BikeShareTorontoisthecity’sofficialbikeshareprogram,designedtogivelocalsandvisitorsafun,affordableandconvenientalternativetowalking,taxis,busesandthesubway.Thereare200BikeShareTorontostationsand2,000bikesacrossthecity,makingBikeSharethemostaccessiblewaytogetaroundandexplore.Howitworks·BecomeanAnnualMemberorbuyaDay·Findanavailablebikenearby,andgetaridecodeoruseyourmemberkeytounlockit.·Takeasmanyshortridesasyouwantwhileyourpassormembershipisactive.·Returnyourbiketoanystation,andwaitforthegreenlighttomakesureit’slocked.Chooseaplan·ForvisitorsDay3-DayPass:$15.Unlimited30-minuteridesina72-hourperiod.·ForlocalsMonthlyAnnualMembership:$90.Unlimited30-minuteridesforawholeyear.TheAnnualMembershipisthebestdealforlocalsofTorontoandotherfrequentriders.Thefirst30minutesofeachrideisincludedwiththemembershiporpassprice.Avoidextrafeesbydroppingoffyourbikeevery30minutesatanyotherstation.Ifyoukeepabikeoutforlongerthan30minutesatatime,youwillbechargedanextra$1.50forthefirst30minutesover,$4forthenext30minutes,and$7foreachadditional30minutesafterthat.Contactus·CustomerService:(855)898-2388·RepairService:(855)898-2378·CorporationPartners:(855)898-2398·EmploymentOpportunities:(855)898-2498【文章大意】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,介紹了多倫多城市共享單車項(xiàng)目。21.WhatcanweknowaboutthesharebikeinToronto?A.Amembercangetacodeorakeytothebike.B.BikeShareTorontoisanon-profitprogram.C.Sharedbikeshavetakentheplaceofothervehicles.D.Thegreenlightshowsthebikeisunlocked.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Howitworks部分中的前兩條可知,單車會員可獲得騎車代碼或用會員鑰匙打開車鎖。22.WhichisthemostsuitablechoiceforlocalstoaccessthesysteminToronto?A.DayPass. B.3-DayC.MonthlyPass. D.AnnualMembership.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Chooseaplan部分中的“TheAnnualMembershipisthebestdealforlocalsofTorontoandotherfrequentriders”可知,運(yùn)用共享單車時(shí),年卡對多倫多當(dāng)?shù)厝藖碚f是最好的選擇。23.Howmuchwilltheextrafeebeifyoutravelfortwohoursbybike?A.$5.5. B.$9.5. C.$12.5. D.$15.5.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Chooseaplan部分中內(nèi)容可知,運(yùn)用共享單車2小時(shí)的前30分鐘的費(fèi)用包括在單車卡里,而剩下的90分鐘的費(fèi)用為:$1.5+$4+$7=$12.5,因此假如你騎自行車旅行兩小時(shí),額外的費(fèi)用是12.5美元。B(2024·正定高一檢測)ManyBeijingresidentsgotogreatlengthstoavoidbreathingthecity’ssmoggyair,especiallywhenitreachescriticalpollutionlevels,butonelocalfirmdecidedthatcanningandsellingthispoorqualityairasasouvenir(紀(jì)念品)wouldbeagreatidea.Believeitornot,hewasright.AfterseeinganumberofcompaniesachievecommercialsuccessbycanningfreshairfromcountrieslikeFrance,CanadaorAustraliaandsellingitinChina,DominicJohnson-Hill,aBritish-borncitizenofBeijingandownerofthePlastered8souvenirshop,decidedtoturntheideaonitsheadandsellcannedBeijingairthroughoutChinaandabroad.

“I’dseenpeoplegoingcrazytobuycannedairfromCanadaandAustralia,soIthoughtitwastimetopushbusinesstheotherway,”theentrepreneursaid.“They’reperfectgifts!WhatelseareyougoingtotakehomewhenyougohomefromBeijing?Aroastduck?APlasteredT-shirt?Thesecansarelight,portable,youcanjustimaginesomeone’sfacewhentheyunwrap(打開)itforChristmas.”Thefewmouth-fullsofBeijingaircomeinstandardtincansfeaturingacoupleofcitylandmarksaswellasabitterdescriptionofthecontents:“auniquemixofnitrogen,oxygenandsomeotherstuff”.Theironic(諷刺的)souvenirscost28RMB($4)andareavailableatthePlastered8shop,aswellasonitsonlineshop.Butifyou’reactuallyconsideringbuyingsome,you’dbetteraskshopinadvance,astheyarevirtuallyflyingofftheshelves.Johnson-HillsaidthathisshopissellinghundredsofBeijingaircanseveryday.Personally,thewell-soldcanprobablyisanawakeningforthepublictobeconcernedaboutthelivingconditions.Yetonethingthat’snotparticularlycleariswhethertheairisreallycollectedfromBeijing,asthecansarelabeledas“MadeinShenzhen”.There’sabigchancethat’sjustakindofPlastered8humor,astheyalsolist“ChokingHazard”and“Mayhaveunidentifiedobjectsinside.”aswarnings.Anyway,itisprobablyauniquewaytoarousepublicawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了DominicJohnson-Hill在中國和海外銷售罐裝北京空氣,人們對此看法不一,但作者認(rèn)為這可能是喚起公眾愛護(hù)環(huán)境意識的一種獨(dú)特方式。24.WhatcontributestoDominic’sideaofcanningandsellingthepoorqualityair?A.Trytogetusedtoit.B.Sellitallovertheworld.C.Canitasasouvenir.D.Trytopushbusinesstheotherway.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“‘I’dseenpeoplegoingcrazytobuycannedairfromCanadaandAustralia,soIthoughtitwastimetopushbusinesstheotherway,’theentrepreneursaid.”可知,努力把生意推向另一個(gè)方向使Dominic產(chǎn)生了制作和銷售劣質(zhì)空氣的想法。25.HowmayonefeelwhenreceivingcannedBeijingairforChristmas?A.Satisfied. B.Surprised.C.Frightened. D.Refreshed.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。由第三段中的“Thesecansarelight,portable,youcanjustimaginesomeone’sfacewhentheyunwrapitforChristmas.”可知,你可以想象某人在圣誕節(jié)打開罐時(shí)的表情;圣誕禮物一般都是美妙的,而一個(gè)人收到北京罐裝空氣作為圣誕禮物肯定會感到很驚訝。26.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“stuff”inParagraph4?A.Liquids. B.Objects.C.Minerals. D.Risks.【解析】選B。詞義揣測題。由第四段第一句中的“Thefewmouth-fullsofBeijingaircomeinstandardtincansfeaturingacoupleofcitylandmarksaswellasabitterdescriptionofthecontents:“auniquemixofnitrogen,oxygenandsomeotherstuff”.”可知,罐里的北京空氣中含有氮、氧和一些其他物質(zhì),and表并列,所以stuff是和氮、氧類似的物質(zhì),由此可知畫線詞詞義為“物質(zhì)”。27.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ThecannedBeijingairmayharmpeoplewhobuyit.B.ThePlastered8souvenirshopisfamousforitshumour.C.Peopleshouldmakeeffortstoprotecttheenvironment.D.DominicJohnson-HilllikesthepoorqualityairinBeijing.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。由最終一段中的“Anyway,itisprobablyauniquewaytoarousepublicawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.”可知,無論如何,這可能是喚起公眾愛護(hù)環(huán)境意識的一種獨(dú)特方式,由此可知,人們應(yīng)當(dāng)努力愛護(hù)環(huán)境。C(2024·合肥高一檢測)Youthisastressfultimefromfriendstoschooltofamilies,andstressfulsituationsbecomecommon.Thebodycanrespond(反應(yīng))withfasterbreathing,afastbeatingheart,tense(繃緊的)musclesanddropofsweat.Andteenswhobreathepollutedairappeartorespondmoststronglytostress,anewstudyshows.JonasMiller,apsychologistworkingatStanfordUniversity,studiedwhetherorhowairpollutionmightaffectthebody’sresponsetostress.Miller’steaminvited144teenstoparticipateinastressfultest.MostofthekidslivedinornearBeforethetest,theresearchersusedsensors(感測器)torecordheartratesandsweatlevelsforfiveminutesasthekidsrested.Thenasthetestbegan,aresearcherreadaloudthebeginningofastoryandthekidshadfiveminutestomakeupanexcitingendingtothestory.Theywouldhavetomemorizetheirendingandpresentitaloudtoajudge.Afterfinishingthistask,thekidswereaskedtodomathproblems,whichobviouslywasahardertask.Ifheorshemadeamistake,thejudgeletthestudentstartover.Thewholetime,sensorsrecordedheartratesandsweatlevels.Millerfoundallthestudentshadsimilarheartratesandsweatlevelsatrest.Butasthetestgotdifficult,differencesbegantoappear.Kidsfromplaceswithmoreairpollutionrespondedmorestronglytostressandtheirheartbeatsbecameirregular.Theysweatedmorethanteenswholivedincleanerplaces.“Theteens’bodieswerepreparingtodealwithpossiblechallengesintheenvironmentandsuchbodilyresponsestostresswerelinkedtonegativefeelings”,Millerconcludes.Overtime,hesays,“theseresponsescancontributetobothphysicalandmentalhealthproblems.”Thisstudyhasprovedthenegativehealtheffectsofairpollutionamongteenagers.Therefore,teenagersshouldtrytoavoidtheirexposure(暴露)toairpollution.Theyshouldconsiderlimitingtheirtimeoutsideduringrushhour,especiallyondayswhenairpollutionisparticularlystrong.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的探討發(fā)覺,住在空氣污染地區(qū)的孩子對壓力的反應(yīng)比住在干凈地區(qū)孩子的反應(yīng)猛烈。長期的這種反應(yīng)會對青少年的健康有影響,因此建議青少年盡量避開暴露在污染的空氣中。28.Whathappenedtoteensinstressfulsituations?A.Theirbodiesreactstrongly.B.Theirmusclescausepain.C.Theybecomeseriouslysick.D.Theyhavetroubleinbreathing.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段的Youthisastressfultimefromfriendstoschooltofamilies,andstressfulsituationsbecomecommon.Thebodycanrespondwithfasterbreathing,afastbeatingheart,tensemusclesanddropofsweat.可知當(dāng)處于壓力環(huán)境中時(shí),青少年的身體會做出猛烈的反應(yīng)。29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetest?A.Thejudgeofthetestwasstrictwiththekids.B.Thekidsenjoyedmakingupendingsofstories.C.Thosebreathingpollutedairdoesn’thavemorestressinlife.D.Thekidsgraduallyfeltmorestressintheprocess.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段的Butasthetestgotdifficult,differencesbegantoappear.Kidsfromplaceswithmoreairpollutionrespondedmorestronglytostressandtheirheartbeatsbecameirregular.可推想隨著測試的進(jìn)行,孩子們的壓力漸漸增大。30.Fromthestudywecaninferthatteensshould.A.solvetheirmentalhealthproblemsB.spendlesstimeoutsideinheavytrafficC.learntodealwithstressfulsituationsD.enjoymoreoutsideactivitiesingoodweather【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段的Theyshouldconsiderlimitingtheirtimeoutsideduringrushhour,especiallyondayswhenairpollutionisparticularlystrong.可推想,青少年在交通擁堵時(shí)應(yīng)盡量不待在戶外。31.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Areportonpollution.B.Ageographybook.C.Apsychologist’sdiary.D.Asciencemagazine.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容,尤其是第一段的Andteenswhobreathepollutedairappeartorespondmoststronglytostress,anewstudyshows.可知本文是關(guān)于一個(gè)新探討的發(fā)覺,故推出該文很有可能出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)雜志上。DTheworld’stopautomakersareincreasinglyofferingmoreelectricvehiclemodels.Thisgrowthisexpectedtocontinue,withmorepeoplechoosingtohittheroadwithclean-runningelectriccars.Environmentalistshavepraisedtheautomakersfortakingmajorstepstolimitharmfulpollutantslinkedtoworldwideclimatechange.Butelectricvehiclesarealsoknownfornotproducinganotherkindofpollution—noise.Theyrunonbatteriesinsteadoffuel,andcanoperateinsilence.Whilemanypeoplemightconsiderthisagoodthing,quietcarscanalsocauseproblems.Themaindangeristhatpeoplearoundelectricvehiclesfaceagreaterriskofbeinghitiftheycannothearthecarscoming.GovernmentsintheUnitedStatesandEuropehaverecognizedthisproblem.So,theyhavesetrequirementsformanufacturerstoaddwarningsoundstoelectricvehicles.TheU.S.DepartmentofTransportationfinalizeditsrulesayearago.Therulesrequireelectricandhybrid(混合的)vehiclestobeequippedwithsomewarningsoundswhenmovingatspeedsupto30kilometersperhour.Therulesareaimedatpreventinginjuriesamongpeoplewalkingorridingbicyclesandtoprotecttheblind.Sowhatkindsofsoundscanweexpecttohearfromthenextgenerationofelectricvehicles?Oneoftheeasiestsolutionswouldbeforcarmakerstoreproducethesoundatraditionalcarrunningonfuel.Butmanyindustryofficialsbelievethiswouldbeamistake.Theysaythiswouldnotsupporttheelectricvehicle’strueidentity.FrankWelsch,theheadoftechnicaldevelopmentatVolkswagen,saidthatfindingtheperfectsoundmixisnotaneasyprocess.Hesaid.“Itcannotbetooannoying.Itcannotsoundlikeanythingwehadinthepast.”AnofficialfromMercedes-Benzsaidthesoundwasdesignedtoprovideasafewarningwithoutannoyingpassengersinsidethevehicle.Hesaidthegoalwastocreateacarthatremainscompletelyquietinside.Itmightseemstrangetothinkthatpartofourautomotivefutureiscurrentlybeingdevelopedinthesamekindsofrecordingstudiosusedbymusicians.Butthatisexactlywhatishappening.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。通過介紹電動汽車的特點(diǎn):污染小,無噪音,引出電動汽車面臨更大的被撞風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。32.What’sthemainadvantagesoftheelectriccarsoverthetraditionalcars?A.Fastandclean.B.Smartandmodern.C.Inexpensiveandfashionable.D.Limitedpollutionandnonoise.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中Theyrunonbatteriesinsteadoffuel,andcanoperateinsilence.可知,與傳統(tǒng)汽車相比,電動汽車的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是污染小,無噪音。33.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toprovidesomefactsaboutelectriccars.B.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C.Tolisttheadvantagesofautomobiles.D.Tostresstheimportanceofsavingenergy.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中Themaindangeristhatpeoplearoundelectricvehiclesfaceagreaterriskofbeinghitiftheycannothearthecarscoming.可知,作者寫前兩段的目的是引入這篇文章的主題。34.Soundsareaddedtoelectriccarsto______.

A.limitpollutantsB.preventinjuriesC.increasesalesD.makecarssmarter【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中Therulesareaimedatpreventinginjuriesamongpeoplewalkingorridingbicyclesandtoprotecttheblind.可知,電動汽車中加入了警報(bào)聲是為了防止人們受傷。35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ElectricCarsNeedCreativeSoundstoReplaceEngineNoiseB.ElectricCarSoundsPromoteSalestoaLargeDegreeC.RecordingStudiosWillCreateSoundsforAllElectriccarsD.GovernmentsCallonPeopletoDesignElectricCarSounds【解析】選A。標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)第五段中Therulesrequireelectricandhybridvehiclestobeequippedwithsomewarningsoundswhenmovingatspeedsupto30kilometersperhour.Therulesareaimedatpreventinginjuriesamongpeoplewalkingorridingbicyclesandtoprotecttheblind.以及結(jié)合文章主要說明白電動汽車沒有聲音會導(dǎo)致更大的被撞風(fēng)險(xiǎn),于是政府規(guī)定電動汽車必須要安裝一些警報(bào)聲。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2024·寧波高一檢測)AnewlawcameintouseinShanghaionMonday,requiringeveryindividual,familiesandcompaniestosort(分類)theirtrashintodifferenttrashcans.Localsarenowrequiredtoseparatetrashintofourkinds:foodwaste,residualwaste,harmfulwasteandrecyclablewaste.Accordingtothenewlaw,a200-yuanfinecanbegiventoindividualsorfamilieswhodonotfollowit.36

Onthefirstdayofpracticeoftherules,itwasfoundthat38.1percentofhotelsand33.2percentofcompaniesdidn’tmeettherequirements.37Thesuccessinresidential(居民的)neighborhoodswasaresultofearlypracticeinpilot(試點(diǎn)的)neighborhoodsaroundthecity,whichhadcausedmixedfeelingsamongthepublicsinceJune.

38SomepeoplepraisedShanghaiforbeingarolemodelandtakingactivestepstosolvethetrashprobleminbigcities,whileotherscomplainedabouttheinconveniencetherulehasbroughttotheirdailylives,andmadejokesaboutsortingtheirgarbage.

Thefinalgoalofthetrashsortingprogramistoreducewasteandincreaserecycling.Shanghai’s24millionresidentsproduce56,000tonsoftrasheveryday.39Actually,Shanghaiisnotfightingaloneinthebattleagainsttrashdisposal,astrashsortinghasbeenpopularnationwide.40Thosecitieswillsetupabasicsystemtoclassifyanddisposeoftheirhouseholdgarbageby2024,andby2050,citiesattheprefecturelevel(地級)andaboveshouldhavethesysteminplace.

A.Only7.4percentoftheresidentialneighborhoodsneededtobecorrected.B.SalesoftrashcansonTaobaoalsoincreasedbeforetheregulationtookeffect.C.OnSinaWeibo,thetopicoftrashsortinghascausedaheateddiscussion.D.Peopleindifferentcitieshavedifferentattitudestowardssortingtheirtrash.E.Mostofthetrashendsupbeingburied,whichwastespreciouslandandcanpollutewaterandsoilifnotsolvedproperly.F.Thecountryplanstohave46majorChinesecitiestojoininit,includingBeijingandGuangzhou.G.Andforcompanies,thefinecanhit5,000to50,000yuan.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了上海頒布的一項(xiàng)新的法律:上海全部的個(gè)人,家庭和公司必需分類投放垃圾,否則將面臨罰款。以及人們對這項(xiàng)法律的反應(yīng)。36.【解析】選G。依據(jù)上句a200-yuanfinecanbegiventoindividualsorfamilieswhodonotfollowit.可知,對個(gè)人或家庭的罰款是200元,但是沒有提到對公司的罰款規(guī)定,因此接下來應(yīng)當(dāng)是對公司的罰款規(guī)定。G項(xiàng)對公司的罰款從5000到50000元不等。此項(xiàng)符合文意。37.【解析】選A。依據(jù)上句itwasfoundthat38.1percentofhotelsand33.2percentofcompaniesdidn’tmeettherequirements.提到了賓館和公司的狀況,結(jié)合下句Thesuccessinresidentialneighborhoodswasaresultofearlypracticeinpilotneighborhoodsaroundthecity中提到了居民區(qū)的勝利,可知應(yīng)當(dāng)是關(guān)于居民區(qū)在垃圾分類方面的表現(xiàn)。因此A項(xiàng)只有7.4%的居民區(qū)須要整改符合文意。38.【解析】選C。依據(jù)下句SomepeoplepraisedShanghaiforbeingarolemodelandtakingactivestepstosolvethetrashprobleminbigcities,whileotherscomplainedabouttheinconveniencetherule提到了人們對上海這一法律的出臺的不同觀點(diǎn),C項(xiàng)在新浪微博上,垃圾分類話題引發(fā)了熱情的探討符合文意。39.【解析】選E。依據(jù)上句Shanghai’s24millionresidentsproduce56,000tonsoftrasheveryday.可知上海每天所制造的垃圾的數(shù)量,接下來應(yīng)當(dāng)是講這些垃圾帶來的問題。E項(xiàng)大部分垃圾被掩埋,這奢侈了珍貴的土地,污染了水和土壤符合文意。40.【解析】選F。依據(jù)上句Shanghaiisnotfightingaloneinthebattleagainsttrashdisposal,astrashsortinghasbeenpopularnationwide.提到上海在對垃圾發(fā)起的戰(zhàn)斗中并不孤寂,以及后句Thosecitieswillsetupabasicsystemtoclassifyanddisposeoftheirhouseholdgarbageby2024.提到更多城市將會加入這一行。故F項(xiàng):Thecountryplanstohave46majorChinesecitiestojoininit,includingBeijingandGuangzhou.(國家安排讓46個(gè)主要城市加入,包括北京和廣州)符合文意。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneofthemostpressingchallengestheworldwillfaceinthenextfewdecadesishowtorelievethegrowingstressthathumanactivitiesareplacingontheenvironment.Theconsequencesarejusttoogreatto41.Wildlifehabitatsaredisappearingasnewdevelopments42moreland.Plantandanimalspeciesaregettingin43atagreaterratenowthanatanytimeinEarth’shistory.Asmanyas30percentoftheworld’sfishstocksareover-exploited.Andthelistgoeson.

44,thereisreasontohavehopeforthefuture.Advancesincomputingpowerandmolecularbiologyare45thetremendousincreasesinscientificcapabilitythatarehelpingresearchers46abetterunderstandingoftheseproblems.Recentdevelopmentinscienceandtechnologycouldprovidethe47forsomemajorandtimelyactionsthatwouldimproveourunderstandingofhowhumanactivitiesaffecttheenvironment.

Onepriorityforresearchisimprovinghydrologicalforecasting.Itis48thattheworld’swaterusewilltripleinthenexttwodecades.Already,widespreadwater49hasoccurredinpartsofChina,India,andNorthAfrica.TheneedforwateralsoistakingitstollonfreshwaterecosystemsintheUnitedStates.Only2percentofthenation’sstreamsareconsideredingood