2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)組合練十四閱讀理解+閱讀七選五+短文改錯課時優(yōu)化作業(yè)含解析

PAGE組合練(十四)閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五＋短文改錯Ⅰ.閱讀理解AInmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituations,persuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess.Researchershavelookedintodifferentaspectsofpersuasionandcomeupwithsomeinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.OneadvertisingcopywritercameupwithanapproachtosellingaproductonaTVshoppingchannelviaphonesales.Insteadofbeinginstructed“Operatorsarewaiting,pleasecallnow”，viewersweretold“Ifoperatorsarebusy,pleasecallagain”.Theresultswereextraordinary.Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren'tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycouldgetit.Whatroledoeschoicehaveinpersuadingpeopletobuyorgetsomething?Onestudyinasupermarketshowedtheeffectofchoice.Aparticularsupermarketdisplayedeither6or24differentkindsofjam.Thelargedisplayattractedmoreinterestthanthesmallone.Butwhenthetimecametopurchasethings，peoplewhosawthelargedisplaywereone-tenthaslikelytobuy.Iftheydobuy,theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection,eventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.Anotheraspectofpersuasionconcernsgettingsomeonetochangetheirmind.It'shardtoprovetosomeonethatapreviousdecisioniswrong,andaspeoplegetoldertheygetlessandlesswillingtochangetheirmind.Peoplewantthingstobeunwavering;_theywanttheirattitudes,statements,valuesandactionstofollowasetpattern.Theonlywaytopersuadethemtochangeistoacknowledgethisbyagreeingthatthepreviousdecisiontheymadeisaperfectlyunderstandableone.Thisallowsthemtofocusonyoursuggestionwithoutfeelingtheirpreviousdecisioniswrong.Asaresult,theymaybepersuadedtobreakoutoftheirestablishedpattern.[語篇解讀]勸服別人對取得勝利至關(guān)重要，作者在文中介紹了在實際生活中勸服別人的不同方式，以展示應(yīng)當(dāng)如何做勸服工作。1．Whatdoestheadvertisingcopywriterwanttoindicateabouttheproduct?A．It'sindemand. B．It'srare.C．It'sforsale. D．It'sprecious.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的“Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren'tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycouldgetit.”可知，告知觀眾“假如接線員正忙，請再呼叫”，而不是“接線員正在等待，請現(xiàn)在呼叫”是一種勸服策略。接線員正忙，說明訂購的人多，示意產(chǎn)品受到大家的認(rèn)可，很搶手，故選A。indemand“需求大”。答案：A2．WhatdoesthestudymentionedinParagraph3show?A.Moreselectionsbringmoreactions.B．Increasedchoicedecreasessatisfaction.C．Moreandmorepeopledon'twanttochoose.D．Somechoicesaremoreattractivethanothers.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“Iftheydobuy，theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection，eventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.”可知，選擇的范圍變大，會增加人們對自己的確定的不滿，因為更多的選擇須要投入更多的時間和更大的努力，人們也會產(chǎn)生過高的期望，由此可知本題選B。答案：B3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unwavering”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Reliable. B．Demanding.C．Unique. D．Consistent.解析：詞義揣測題。畫線詞前面談到“隨著年齡的增長，人們越來越不情愿變更自己的想法”，該詞后面談到“人們希望自己的看法、言論、價值觀和行動都遵循既定的模式”。由此推知畫線詞所在句應(yīng)表示人們希望事情(觀點、確定等)始終如一，故畫線詞與consistent“一樣的，始終如一的”意義相近。reliable“牢靠的”；demanding“要求高的”；unique“獨特的”。答案：D4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tocomparedifferentformsofpersuasion.B．Todiscussvariousstudiesonpersuasion.C．Toteachhowtogetbetteratpersuasion.D．Toanalyzehowpersuasionaffectssuccess.解析：寫作意圖題。依據(jù)第一段“Inmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituations，persuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess...someinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.”可知，勸服影響著人們的勝利，探討人員探討了勸服的不同方面，得出了一些好玩的結(jié)果，這些結(jié)果會對我們有幫助。下文作者介紹了三個方面的勸服案例和勸服策略，其目的很明顯：教人們?nèi)绾胃玫貏穹e人做某事。答案：CBTwounusualgroups—thesamecompaniesthatarecausingthemostpollution,theBPoilcompanyandDeltaAirLines，bothannouncedplanstobecomecarbonneutral(碳中和)by2050throughdecreasingresourceusageaswellasapplyingusefultechnology.Severalotherlargeoilcompanies,likeShell,Total，andEni,haveannouncedsimilargoals.Otherairlines,likeQantasandJetBlue,areworkingonthesameplan.Sinceairlinetravelcausesaround2%－3%oftheworld'sgreenhousegases，makingairlinescarbonneutralwouldbeagreatstep.Somepeoplebelievethecompaniesare“greenwashing”.Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform,andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.Orsomecompaniesplantomeetsomeclimategoalsbybuying“carbonoffsets(補償)”，whichmeanspayingsomeoneelsetocutpollutionorremovegreenhousegases.Butit'snotalwaysclearthatoffsettingtrulylowerspollution.Globalheatingisahugepartoftheclimateemergency.Theworldisgettinghottermainlybecausehumansareburning“fossil(化石)fuels”likecoalandoil.Thesefuelsgiveoffpollutantsoftencalledgreenhousegases.Tobecomecarbonneutral,it'snecessarytostopburningfossilfuels.Climateexpertshavesaidthebestsolutionistoleaveoilandcoalintheground,althoughit'sstillhardtoreachforthemoment.Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowingmoreareasforforest.“It'sslowbutgood，”saidanexpertfromUNEP.Man-madetechnologytoremovelargequantitiesofgreenhousegasesfromtheatmospheredoesn'texistyet.Theideabehindthistechnologyisthatpollutinggasescouldberemovedfromtheatmosphere,caught,andstoredsomehow—usuallyunderground.Thoughmanyquestionsremainabouthowthecompanieshopetomeettheirgoals,sincethemaintechnologytheyexpectandneedisinaccessible,theirplannedchangesareactuallykeepingupwiththedevelopmentofmodernsociety.What'smore,theyareputtingbillionsofdollarsintotheefforttomakecarboncapturetechnologyhappen.[語篇解讀]為削減大氣中的溫室氣體，世界上幾家大的石油公司和航空公司相繼宣布成為“碳中和”公司的安排，削減碳排放量。他們供應(yīng)資金，開發(fā)碳捕獲技術(shù)。5．WhydosomepeoplesaythecompaniesmentionedinParagraph1aregreenwashing?A．Theyjustbuycarbonoffsets.B．Theypaylipservicetoenvironmentalissues.C．Theyallplantobecarbonneutral.D．Theydonotshareacommonplanandgoal.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的“Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform，andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.”可知，有人認(rèn)為這些公司在“漂綠”，是因為他們事實上還是在以過去的方式經(jīng)營企業(yè)，沒有人準(zhǔn)備馬上停止污染活動，或者他們安排通過購買“碳補償”來實現(xiàn)這些氣候目標(biāo)，但人們并不總是清晰碳補償行為是否真的能降低污染。也就是說，關(guān)于環(huán)境污染問題，他們只是口頭上說說，未實行行動。paylipserviceto指“對……只予以口頭上的支持”，故選B。答案：B6．Whatistheexistingwaytoreducegreenhousegases?A．Expandingforestcoverage.B．Stoppingburningfossilfuels.C．Catchingandstoringthegases.D．Closingdownpollutingfactories.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowingmoreareasforforest.‘It'sslowbutgood，’saidanexpertfromUNEP.”可知，現(xiàn)在最可行的方法就是多種樹，擴大森林面積，故A項“擴大森林覆蓋率”符合題意。答案：A7．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheannouncementbythecompanies?A．Ambiguous. B．Skeptical.C．Positive. D．Critical.解析：觀點看法題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，作者認(rèn)為雖然這些公司須要的碳捕獲技術(shù)還沒有開發(fā)出來，但他們的這些安排(成為“碳中和”公司)跟上了現(xiàn)代社會的發(fā)展，此外，他們正投入數(shù)十億美元來實現(xiàn)碳捕獲技術(shù)。由此推知，作者對此的看法是主動的。答案：C8．What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A．WhatPossiblyLeadstoGlobalHeating?B．CompaniesTakeonClimateEmergencyC．WhoAreResponsibleforGreenhouseGases?D．TechnologyforClimateChangeIsontheWay解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段談到了許多企業(yè)紛紛宣布成為“碳中和”公司或安排購買“碳補償”來實現(xiàn)氣候目標(biāo)；其次段談到了溫室效應(yīng)與緩解方法；第三段談到了碳捕獲技術(shù)的開發(fā)以及作者對企業(yè)成為“碳中和”公司的行動的看法。綜合來看，B項較為完整地概括了文章主題，體現(xiàn)了文章重心，適合用作標(biāo)題。takeon表示“確定做，同意負(fù)責(zé)，擔(dān)當(dāng)(責(zé)任)”。答案：BⅡ.閱讀七選五Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.Therearenormallytwotypesoflearninginourdailylifeandstudy—activelearningandpassive(被動的)learning.1Thiswillhelpyoudevelopahabitofactivelearninggradually.2Ibetthatnoonesitsdowntoreadwiththepurposeofnotgettingthecontents.ButI'msurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituation,probablymorethanonce,whereyoureadanassignment,closedthebookandthought“whattheworldwasabout.”3Activereaders,ontheotherhand，setgoalsandchecktheirunderstandingastheyread.Whentheyfinish,theycanexplainthemainpointsandknowthatthey'veseenwhattheyhaveread.Activelearnersthinkaboutinformationdeeplyandcritically.Beingthoughtfulisanimportantpartofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation.4Forinstance，youmaymakeconnectionsbetweenthenewinformationandwhatyoualreadyknow,identifyconceptsthatyoumaynotunderstandverywell,orevaluatetheimportanceofwhatyouarereading.Anactivelearnerconsidersconstantlyinthisway.Incontrast,passivelearnersmayreadthetextandlistentolecturesandevenunderstandmostofwhatisreadandheard.5Allinall,behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.Equippingyourselfwithstudystrategies(策略)ofactivelearnersmayeventuallyhelpyoubecomeoneofthem.A．Passivelearnerswon'tbestrictwiththemselves.B．Youneedtoknowsomedifferencesbetweenthem.C．Inotherwords,youareprocessingwhatyouread.D．However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.E．Activelearnersacceptmuchoftheresponsibilityforlearning.F．Wheninteractingwiththetextinthisway,youaredoingpassively.G．Activelearnersstudywiththepurposeofgraspingandmemorizinginformation.[語篇解讀]作者在文中介紹了兩種不同的學(xué)習(xí)類型——主動學(xué)習(xí)和被動學(xué)習(xí)，并介紹了它們的區(qū)分，讓學(xué)生了解主動學(xué)習(xí)是如何進行的，進而養(yǎng)成主動學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣。1．解析：上文提到通常有主動和被動兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式，下文內(nèi)容介紹了它們的不同，所以空處是承上啟下句。故B項符合語境，且與最終一段中的“Allinall，behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.”首尾相呼應(yīng)。答案：B2．解析：依據(jù)行文結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空概括段落內(nèi)容，其次段主要講解不同學(xué)習(xí)模式中對閱讀的不同的處理方式，再結(jié)合“setgoalsandchecktheirunderstanding...whattheyhaveread”可推斷，G項“主動學(xué)習(xí)者帶著理解和記憶信息的目的進行閱讀”正確。答案：G3．解析：空前內(nèi)容介紹一種不好的學(xué)習(xí)方式，空后有轉(zhuǎn)折詞“ontheotherhand”，緊接著是主動學(xué)習(xí)者如何進行閱讀，故空前應(yīng)當(dāng)是被動學(xué)習(xí)者的做法，F(xiàn)項符合語境。答案：F4．解析：空前提到“becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation”，空后舉例說明如何思索及處理信息，C項是前文的釋義，且與下文表意一樣，符合語境。答案：C5．解析：空前提到“相反，被動學(xué)習(xí)者閱讀和聽講座時能理解大部分內(nèi)容”，本文始終在對比兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式的不同，故D項“However，thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.”符合題意，選項中的it指代空前的“whatisreadandheard”。答案：DⅢ.短文改錯Timefliesbutmysummervacationisover.Duringthisvacation,Ihaddonemanymeaningfulthings.However,pickinguprubbishwhileclimbamountainimpressesmemost.Itwasahotday,soIleftformydestinationearlyinthemorningwhereitwascool.Uponarrival,Ifoundoneofthevisitorswhocameearlierwerecollectin