2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)組合練十四閱讀理解+閱讀七選五+短文改錯(cuò)課時(shí)優(yōu)化作業(yè)含解析

PAGE組合練(十四)閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五＋短文改錯(cuò)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AInmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituations,persuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess.Researchershavelookedintodifferentaspectsofpersuasionandcomeupwithsomeinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.OneadvertisingcopywritercameupwithanapproachtosellingaproductonaTVshoppingchannelviaphonesales.Insteadofbeinginstructed“Operatorsarewaiting,pleasecallnow”，viewersweretold“Ifoperatorsarebusy,pleasecallagain”.Theresultswereextraordinary.Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren'tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycouldgetit.Whatroledoeschoicehaveinpersuadingpeopletobuyorgetsomething?Onestudyinasupermarketshowedtheeffectofchoice.Aparticularsupermarketdisplayedeither6or24differentkindsofjam.Thelargedisplayattractedmoreinterestthanthesmallone.Butwhenthetimecametopurchasethings，peoplewhosawthelargedisplaywereone-tenthaslikelytobuy.Iftheydobuy,theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection,eventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.Anotheraspectofpersuasionconcernsgettingsomeonetochangetheirmind.It'shardtoprovetosomeonethatapreviousdecisioniswrong,andaspeoplegetoldertheygetlessandlesswillingtochangetheirmind.Peoplewantthingstobeunwavering;_theywanttheirattitudes,statements,valuesandactionstofollowasetpattern.Theonlywaytopersuadethemtochangeistoacknowledgethisbyagreeingthatthepreviousdecisiontheymadeisaperfectlyunderstandableone.Thisallowsthemtofocusonyoursuggestionwithoutfeelingtheirpreviousdecisioniswrong.Asaresult,theymaybepersuadedtobreakoutoftheirestablishedpattern.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]勸服別人對(duì)取得勝利至關(guān)重要，作者在文中介紹了在實(shí)際生活中勸服別人的不同方式，以展示應(yīng)當(dāng)如何做勸服工作。1．Whatdoestheadvertisingcopywriterwanttoindicateabouttheproduct?A．It'sindemand. B．It'srare.C．It'sforsale. D．It'sprecious.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的“Theadsuggestedoperatorsweren'tsittingaroundhopingpeoplewouldcall.Insteadthereweresomanypeoplewantingtheproductthatpeoplemighthavetowaituntiltheycouldgetit.”可知，告知觀眾“假如接線員正忙，請(qǐng)?jiān)俸艚小?，而不是“接線員正在等待，請(qǐng)現(xiàn)在呼叫”是一種勸服策略。接線員正忙，說(shuō)明訂購(gòu)的人多，示意產(chǎn)品受到大家的認(rèn)可，很搶手，故選A。indemand“需求大”。答案：A2．WhatdoesthestudymentionedinParagraph3show?A.Moreselectionsbringmoreactions.B．Increasedchoicedecreasessatisfaction.C．Moreandmorepeopledon'twanttochoose.D．Somechoicesaremoreattractivethanothers.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“Iftheydobuy，theyarelesscontentwiththeirselection，eventhoughtheyhavemadeagoodchoice.Awiderrangeofchoicesrequiremoretimeandeffortandleadtounreasonablyhighexpectations.”可知，選擇的范圍變大，會(huì)增加人們對(duì)自己的確定的不滿，因?yàn)楦嗟倪x擇須要投入更多的時(shí)間和更大的努力，人們也會(huì)產(chǎn)生過(guò)高的期望，由此可知本題選B。答案：B3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unwavering”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Reliable. B．Demanding.C．Unique. D．Consistent.解析：詞義揣測(cè)題。畫(huà)線詞前面談到“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，人們?cè)絹?lái)越不情愿變更自己的想法”，該詞后面談到“人們希望自己的看法、言論、價(jià)值觀和行動(dòng)都遵循既定的模式”。由此推知畫(huà)線詞所在句應(yīng)表示人們希望事情(觀點(diǎn)、確定等)始終如一，故畫(huà)線詞與consistent“一樣的，始終如一的”意義相近。reliable“牢靠的”；demanding“要求高的”；unique“獨(dú)特的”。答案：D4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tocomparedifferentformsofpersuasion.B．Todiscussvariousstudiesonpersuasion.C．Toteachhowtogetbetteratpersuasion.D．Toanalyzehowpersuasionaffectssuccess.解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。依據(jù)第一段“Inmanywalksoflifeandinmanysituations，persuadingpeopletodowhatyouwantthemtodoisthekeytosuccess...someinterestingresultswhicharesurelyhelpfultous.”可知，勸服影響著人們的勝利，探討人員探討了勸服的不同方面，得出了一些好玩的結(jié)果，這些結(jié)果會(huì)對(duì)我們有幫助。下文作者介紹了三個(gè)方面的勸服案例和勸服策略，其目的很明顯：教人們?nèi)绾胃玫貏穹e人做某事。答案：CBTwounusualgroups—thesamecompaniesthatarecausingthemostpollution,theBPoilcompanyandDeltaAirLines，bothannouncedplanstobecomecarbonneutral(碳中和)by2050throughdecreasingresourceusageaswellasapplyingusefultechnology.Severalotherlargeoilcompanies,likeShell,Total，andEni,haveannouncedsimilargoals.Otherairlines,likeQantasandJetBlue,areworkingonthesameplan.Sinceairlinetravelcausesaround2%－3%oftheworld'sgreenhousegases，makingairlinescarbonneutralwouldbeagreatstep.Somepeoplebelievethecompaniesare“greenwashing”.Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform,andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.Orsomecompaniesplantomeetsomeclimategoalsbybuying“carbonoffsets(補(bǔ)償)”，whichmeanspayingsomeoneelsetocutpollutionorremovegreenhousegases.Butit'snotalwaysclearthatoffsettingtrulylowerspollution.Globalheatingisahugepartoftheclimateemergency.Theworldisgettinghottermainlybecausehumansareburning“fossil(化石)fuels”likecoalandoil.Thesefuelsgiveoffpollutantsoftencalledgreenhousegases.Tobecomecarbonneutral,it'snecessarytostopburningfossilfuels.Climateexpertshavesaidthebestsolutionistoleaveoilandcoalintheground,althoughit'sstillhardtoreachforthemoment.Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowingmoreareasforforest.“It'sslowbutgood，”saidanexpertfromUNEP.Man-madetechnologytoremovelargequantitiesofgreenhousegasesfromtheatmospheredoesn'texistyet.Theideabehindthistechnologyisthatpollutinggasescouldberemovedfromtheatmosphere,caught,andstoredsomehow—usuallyunderground.Thoughmanyquestionsremainabouthowthecompanieshopetomeettheirgoals,sincethemaintechnologytheyexpectandneedisinaccessible,theirplannedchangesareactuallykeepingupwiththedevelopmentofmodernsociety.What'smore,theyareputtingbillionsofdollarsintotheefforttomakecarboncapturetechnologyhappen.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]為削減大氣中的溫室氣體，世界上幾家大的石油公司和航空公司相繼宣布成為“碳中和”公司的安排，削減碳排放量。他們供應(yīng)資金，開(kāi)發(fā)碳捕獲技術(shù)。5．WhydosomepeoplesaythecompaniesmentionedinParagraph1aregreenwashing?A．Theyjustbuycarbonoffsets.B．Theypaylipservicetoenvironmentalissues.C．Theyallplantobecarbonneutral.D．Theydonotshareacommonplanandgoal.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的“Theyarerunningthebusinessesthewaytheyusedtoperform，andnoneplantostoptheirpollutingactivitiesrightaway.”可知，有人認(rèn)為這些公司在“漂綠”，是因?yàn)樗麄兪聦?shí)上還是在以過(guò)去的方式經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)，沒(méi)有人準(zhǔn)備馬上停止污染活動(dòng)，或者他們安排通過(guò)購(gòu)買“碳補(bǔ)償”來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這些氣候目標(biāo)，但人們并不總是清晰碳補(bǔ)償行為是否真的能降低污染。也就是說(shuō)，關(guān)于環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題，他們只是口頭上說(shuō)說(shuō)，未實(shí)行行動(dòng)。paylipserviceto指“對(duì)……只予以口頭上的支持”，故選B。答案：B6．Whatistheexistingwaytoreducegreenhousegases?A．Expandingforestcoverage.B．Stoppingburningfossilfuels.C．Catchingandstoringthegases.D．Closingdownpollutingfactories.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Theusualwaymostcompaniesadoptisplantingtreesandallowingmoreareasforforest.‘It'sslowbutgood，’saidanexpertfromUNEP.”可知，現(xiàn)在最可行的方法就是多種樹(shù)，擴(kuò)大森林面積，故A項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)大森林覆蓋率”符合題意。答案：A7．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheannouncementbythecompanies?A．Ambiguous. B．Skeptical.C．Positive. D．Critical.解析：觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，作者認(rèn)為雖然這些公司須要的碳捕獲技術(shù)還沒(méi)有開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)，但他們的這些安排(成為“碳中和”公司)跟上了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的發(fā)展，此外，他們正投入數(shù)十億美元來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)碳捕獲技術(shù)。由此推知，作者對(duì)此的看法是主動(dòng)的。答案：C8．What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A．WhatPossiblyLeadstoGlobalHeating?B．CompaniesTakeonClimateEmergencyC．WhoAreResponsibleforGreenhouseGases?D．TechnologyforClimateChangeIsontheWay解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段談到了許多企業(yè)紛紛宣布成為“碳中和”公司或安排購(gòu)買“碳補(bǔ)償”來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)氣候目標(biāo)；其次段談到了溫室效應(yīng)與緩解方法；第三段談到了碳捕獲技術(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā)以及作者對(duì)企業(yè)成為“碳中和”公司的行動(dòng)的看法。綜合來(lái)看，B項(xiàng)較為完整地概括了文章主題，體現(xiàn)了文章重心，適合用作標(biāo)題。takeon表示“確定做，同意負(fù)責(zé)，擔(dān)當(dāng)(責(zé)任)”。答案：BⅡ.閱讀七選五Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.Therearenormallytwotypesoflearninginourdailylifeandstudy—activelearningandpassive(被動(dòng)的)learning.1Thiswillhelpyoudevelopahabitofactivelearninggradually.2Ibetthatnoonesitsdowntoreadwiththepurposeofnotgettingthecontents.ButI'msurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituation,probablymorethanonce,whereyoureadanassignment,closedthebookandthought“whattheworldwasabout.”3Activereaders,ontheotherhand，setgoalsandchecktheirunderstandingastheyread.Whentheyfinish,theycanexplainthemainpointsandknowthatthey'veseenwhattheyhaveread.Activelearnersthinkaboutinformationdeeplyandcritically.Beingthoughtfulisanimportantpartofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation.4Forinstance，youmaymakeconnectionsbetweenthenewinformationandwhatyoualreadyknow,identifyconceptsthatyoumaynotunderstandverywell,orevaluatetheimportanceofwhatyouarereading.Anactivelearnerconsidersconstantlyinthisway.Incontrast,passivelearnersmayreadthetextandlistentolecturesandevenunderstandmostofwhatisreadandheard.5Allinall,behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.Equippingyourselfwithstudystrategies(策略)ofactivelearnersmayeventuallyhelpyoubecomeoneofthem.A．Passivelearnerswon'tbestrictwiththemselves.B．Youneedtoknowsomedifferencesbetweenthem.C．Inotherwords,youareprocessingwhatyouread.D．However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.E．Activelearnersacceptmuchoftheresponsibilityforlearning.F．Wheninteractingwiththetextinthisway,youaredoingpassively.G．Activelearnersstudywiththepurposeofgraspingandmemorizinginformation.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]作者在文中介紹了兩種不同的學(xué)習(xí)類型——主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)和被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，并介紹了它們的區(qū)分，讓學(xué)生了解主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)是如何進(jìn)行的，進(jìn)而養(yǎng)成主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣。1．解析：上文提到通常有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式，下文內(nèi)容介紹了它們的不同，所以空處是承上啟下句。故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，且與最終一段中的“Allinall，behaviorofanactivelearnerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.”首尾相呼應(yīng)。答案：B2．解析：依據(jù)行文結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空概括段落內(nèi)容，其次段主要講解不同學(xué)習(xí)模式中對(duì)閱讀的不同的處理方式，再結(jié)合“setgoalsandchecktheirunderstanding...whattheyhaveread”可推斷，G項(xiàng)“主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者帶著理解和記憶信息的目的進(jìn)行閱讀”正確。答案：G3．解析：空前內(nèi)容介紹一種不好的學(xué)習(xí)方式，空后有轉(zhuǎn)折詞“ontheotherhand”，緊接著是主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者如何進(jìn)行閱讀，故空前應(yīng)當(dāng)是被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者的做法，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。答案：F4．解析：空前提到“becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation”，空后舉例說(shuō)明如何思索及處理信息，C項(xiàng)是前文的釋義，且與下文表意一樣，符合語(yǔ)境。答案：C5．解析：空前提到“相反，被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)者閱讀和聽(tīng)講座時(shí)能理解大部分內(nèi)容”，本文始終在對(duì)比兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式的不同，故D項(xiàng)“However，thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.”符合題意，選項(xiàng)中的it指代空前的“whatisreadandheard”。答案：DⅢ.短文改錯(cuò)Timefliesbutmysummervacationisover.Duringthisvacation,Ihaddonemanymeaningfulthings.However,pickinguprubbishwhileclimbamountainimpressesmemost.Itwasahotday,soIleftformydestinationearlyinthemorningwhereitwascool.Uponarrival,Ifoundoneofthevisitorswhocameearlierwerecollectin