2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)二Unit2IconicAttractions含解析新人教版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

PAGE單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)(二)Unit2(120分鐘150分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Text1M:Whattimeisitbyyourwatch?①M(fèi)inereads9:15.W:①Yourwatchis2hoursslow.1.Whatisthetimerightnow?A.7:15.B.9:15.C.11:15.答案:CText2M:Whatdoyouthinkofthenewrestaurantoppositethecollegeentrance?W:②Iguessit’sbetterthannothing.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftherestaurant?A.It’stheworstone.B.It’sthebestone.C.It’sjustso-so.答案:AText3M:Homeatlast!ThatwasthelasttimewehadhadaholidayintheLakeDistrict.W:Itwasbeautiful!Atleastitdidn’tsnow.M:③Iwouldhavepreferredsnowtoconstantrain.Wehadneverseenthesunthere!3.WhatwastheweatherlikeintheLakeDistrictontheirholiday?A.Snowy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy.答案:CText4M:Hi,MrsBrown.Whydoyoulooksoupset?W:④MysonwasnotofferedajobbytheNicholsonGroupafterhisinterview.Heisverydepressedbecausehelikesthatcompanyverymuch.M:Onemustbewellpreparedbeforedoingsomething.4.Whathappenedtothewoman’sson?A.Hefailedanimportantexam.B.Hedidn’tgetthejobhewanted.C.Hewasjustfiredbyhiscompany.答案:BText5W:Sowhatdoyouusuallydoinyourfreetime?M:⑤Atthemoment,I’mspendingmuchofmyfreetimelearningGerman.Ialsoenjoyplayingthepiano.W:Doyouplayanysports?M:Notmuch.ButIgotothesportsclubandworkoutonceaweek.5.Whatdoesthemanmainlydoinhissparetime?A.Learnalanguage.B.Dosomesports.C.Playthepiano.答案:A其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6M:Excuseme.W:Yeah?M:⑥Youdidn’tseesomeonepickupabluesportsbag,didyou?W:Sorry.M:Yeah,abig,blue,nylonsportsbagwithabig,whiteAdidaslogoontheside.W:Isaidno.M:IonlyputitdownforamomentwhenIwentintotherestroom.Thencameoutand...W:Ican’thelpyou.M:Idon’tbelieveit!Ihadabrand-newracketinitandtenballs.W:⑦Well,thesearepubliccourts.Anyonecanwalkinhere.Youshouldbemorecareful.6.Whatdoesthemanlookfor?A.Aracketandsevenballs.B.Abluesportsbag.C.Abrand-newracket.答案:B7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atacourt.B.Inarestroom.C.AttheLostandFoundoffice.答案:A聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7M:Hi,Julie.Whatasurprisetoseeyou!Areyouhavingbreakfast?W:Asamatteroffact,Iam.M:⑧Iheardyougotanewjob.W:⑧Yes,IworkasaresearcherattheTimesNewspaper.M:Doyouspendmostofyourtimeatthelibrary?W:Oh,no.Idoallmyresearchonthecomputer.M:Really?Howdoesitwork?W:Iusethelibrary’sonlinefilestogetinformation.There’remorethan2,000filesforcomputerusers.Allyouneedisacomputer.M:Whatkindsoffilesarethere?W:Someareveryspecific,suchasweatherinformation.Somearemoregeneral,suchasinformationonbusiness,law,government,medicineandsoon.M:I’mgladtoknowthattoday.⑨I’llseewhichfileswouldhelpmycompanymost.8.Whatisthewoman’snewjob?A.Aresearcher.B.Ajournalist.C.Alibrarian.答案:A9.Whatwillthemandomostprobably?A.Studycomputer.B.Lookforsomeusefulfiles.C.Havebreakfastwiththewoman.答案:B聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8W:Hi,Steve.Howwastheconcert?M:Prettygood.Thecrowdseemedtoenjoyit.W:QUOTE⑩AndhowdidAndrewdo?Washenervous?Thiswashisfirstconcert.M:QUOTE⑩QUOTEHeseemedverycalm.W:Didhemakeanymistakes?M:Well,sure...W:Oh,no!Dideveryonenotice?M:Idon’tthinkso.?Theywerelittlemistakes.Someonewouldneedtoknowthesongverywelltonotice.Iheardthemistakes,butIdon’tthinkanyoneelsedid.Heseemedsocalmthatnoonethoughtanythingwaswrong.WQUOTE:?I’msogladtohearthat.He’sbeenworkinghardformanyyearstogetthisgoodonthepiano.Hisnextconcertwillbebetter.MQUOTE:?Yes.Everyonemakesmistakes.Butthecrowdlikedhim.Theyclappedloudlyforhimwhenhewasdone.W:Weshouldcelebratetonight.Let’stakehimtohisfavoriterestaurant.10.WhatwasAndrewlikeattheconcert?A.Calm. B.Nervous. C.Excited.答案:A11.HowdidAndrewperform?A.Hedidn’tmakeanymistakes.B.Hemadealotofmistakes.C.Hemadesomelittlemistakes.答案:C12.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Prettysad.B.Quiteglad.C.Alittleworried.答案:B聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9M:Goodmorning,Janine.HowcanIhelpyou?WQUOTE:?Hi,Dr.Carter.I’mhavingsleepingproblems.M:Howlonghasthisbeengoingon?WQUOTE:?Halfayear.M:Isee...Isthereanythingstressful?W：?Well,Idoresearchforatechcompany.Iworkabout60hoursaweek.M:Thatsoundsstressful.W:Andmyhusbandisnotveryunderstanding.He’salsoaresearcher,butheworksforauniversity.Hisworkisnotasdemandingasmine.M:Isitpossibleforyoutoworkfewerhours?W:No.I’manewemployee,andIhavetoprovemyworthtothecompany.M:Allright.Butyouneedtofindwaystoreducestress.?Exercisecanbehelpful.Perhapsyoucouldgotothegymafterwork.W:Well,yes.Noteveryday,butIcouldcertainlygotothegymafeweveningsaweek.Andontheweekend,perhapsmyhusbandwouldliketogohiking.M:Wonderful.ComebackinaboutamonthandletmeknowifthingshaveimprovedQUOTE.?Formanyofmypatients,exerciseisthebestcure.Butifyoufindyouarestillhavingtrouble,wecantalkaboutotheroptionsthen,includingsleepingmedicine.13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Bossandemployee.答案:B14.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Inahospital.B.Atauniversity.C.Atatechcompany.答案:C15.Howlonghasthewomanbeenathercurrentjob?A.Foraboutonemonth.B.Foraboutsixmonths.C.Foraroundoneyear.答案:B16.Whatistheman’sadvice?A.Findanewjob.B.Takesomemedicine.C.Workoutmoreoften.答案:C聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10M:Nowcouldeveryonesitdown,please?I’vegotanimportantannouncementtomake.Asyouknow,thenationalschoolpoetrycompetitionsthatweusuallyenterarestartingsoon.Thecompetitionsaresortedintothreelevels:thehighlevel,themiddlelevelandthelowlevel.Thehighlevelisfor17-to-19-year-olds,andthemiddlelevelisfor14-to-16-year-olds.?Buttheoneforpeopleofyourage,thelowlevel,istheonewe’dlikeyoutogofor.Wehopeallofyouwilltry.Assomeofyoumayremember,thetopicforlastyearwas“Weather”.?Thistimethejudgeshavechosenthetopic“Change”,andthatcouldcoveralotofthings.Anewschool,adifferenthouse,forexample.?Soifyouwanttoenterthecompetitionbutyou’restuckforideas,havealookatlastyear’swinningpoemcalledRainonthecompetitionwebsite.Youmayknowthegirlwhowroteit-Mariafromourschool.ShealsogotalittlebookofherpoemcalledTravelingpublishedaspartofherprize.Mariawonsomemoneyfortheschool.?QUOTEIfanyoneintheschoolwins,we’dliketousethemoneyforthelibrary,aswefeelthat’stherightwayforittobespent.Maria’sprizemoneylastyearwasspentonthecomputersandthelab.OK,that’sallfromme.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourschool’swebsite.17.Whichcompetitionissuitableforthelisteners?A.Thehighlevel.B.Themiddlelevel.C.Thelowlevel.答案:C18.Whatisthetopicforthisyear?A.Weather.B.Travel.C.Change.答案:C19.Whatarethelistenersadvisedtodotogetideas?A.ReadthepoemcalledRain.B.AskMariaforhelp.C.Borrowbooksfromthelibrary.答案:A20.Whatwilltheschoolspendtheprizemoneyonthisyear?A.Thelab.B.Thelibrary.C.Thecomputers.答案:B其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)AFourPlacestoVisitBeforeYouDieSantorini,GreeceItisactuallyanislandofCyclades.Therearealotofislandsinthiscityandsunbathingaroundanyofthesewouldbeanunforgettableexperience.ThemostidealperiodoftheyeartogotothismiracleisfromApriltoSeptember.SydneyItisthemostpopulouscityofNewSouthWalesinAustralia.ItsHarborBridgeisthemostfamoustourist’splaceintheworld.Everyyear,thecelebrationsofnewyeartakeplaceatthisbridgewheremillionsofpeoplegatherfromtheworldtowelcomethenewyear.RomeItisalsocalledthecenterofWesterncivilization.TheColosseum(羅馬圓形大劇場(chǎng))whichistheworld’smosticonicmonumentisalsoinRome.ThereisnoonewhowishestoreturnfromRomewithoutseeingthismonument.Moreover,ThePantheonandPiazzaNavonaarealsoworthvisitinginRome.TajMahalTajMahal,locatedinthecityofAgrainIndiaisalsocalledthemonumentoflove.ItwasbuiltbyMughalEmperorShahJehaninloveofhiswifeMumtazMahalin1932.ItislocatedattheSouthbankofYamunaRiver.Itsivorywhitecolorattractsthetouristsfromadistance.【文章大意】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上四個(gè)值得參觀的地方,分別是希臘的圣托里尼、悉尼、羅馬和泰姬陵。21.Whichofthefollowingisanaturalwonder?A.Santorini,Greece.B.Sydney.C.Rome. D.TajMahal.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段ItisactuallyanislandofCyclades...fromApriltoSeptember.可知,希臘的圣托里尼島是自然奇觀。故選A。22.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ThebesttimetovisitSantoriniisspring.B.SydneyisthemostpopulouscityinAustralia.C.TheColosseumisamust-seeofvisitorstoRome.D.AllthefouramazingplacesmentionedareinEurope.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中TheColosseumwhichistheworld’smosticonicmonumentisalsoinRome.ThereisnoonewhowishestoreturnfromRomewithoutseeingthismonument.可知,羅馬圓形大劇場(chǎng)是來(lái)羅馬的游客必看的地方。故選C。23.What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Topersuadepeopletotravelbeforedying.B.Tointroducefouramazingplacesworthavisit.C.Tomakesomecomparisonsoffouramazingplaces.D.Toadvertisefouramazingplacesforatravelagency.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章標(biāo)題FourPlacestoVisitBeforeYouDie可知死前可以去的四個(gè)地方以及文章主要介紹了世界上四個(gè)值得參觀的地方,分別是希臘的圣托里尼、悉尼、羅馬和泰姬陵可知,這篇文章的主要目的是介紹四個(gè)值得參觀的好地方。故選B。BIdon’tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn’tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfMoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.

Formy10thbirthday,mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef.Therewerefishindifferentcolors,cavesandlayersofcoral.Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonly1percentofAustralia’sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarinelifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefhavemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryontheearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld’sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Thisstatisticisdepressing,soit’simportanttodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteecosystemhasledmetotakeaction.I’vebecomeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean’sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobeapartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheoceanandtryingtofindthespecies.【文章大意】本文是記敘文。作者在澳大利亞長(zhǎng)大,喜愛(ài)海洋的漂亮和眾多的海洋生物。當(dāng)?shù)弥拇罄麃喓Ｑ笊锩媾R危急時(shí),作者實(shí)行行動(dòng),參加了“愛(ài)護(hù)珊瑚海”活動(dòng),并號(hào)召更多人愛(ài)護(hù)海洋物種。24.FromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.1,wecanlearntheauthor.

A.hadawonderfulimpressionofHalfMoonBayB.seldomwentsurfingattheseaC.forgothisexperiencesabouttheoceanD.neverwentbacktohishometown【解析】選A。推理推斷題。上文Idon’tthinkIcanrecallatime...theseaatmyside.提到作者意識(shí)到了海洋的漂亮,在澳大利亞長(zhǎng)大,很幸運(yùn)身邊有大海。下文作者描述了澳大利亞漂亮的海洋和動(dòng)植物,由此推知作者到達(dá)HalfMoonBay后感受到了它的美,對(duì)HalfMoonBay有美妙的印象。故選A。25.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,Australianmarinelife.

A.isprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceansB.isescapingfromtheCoralSeagraduallyC.dependsonreefsforlivinggreatlyD.maybefacedwithdanger【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段WhenIlearned...areconsideredhealthy.可知當(dāng)作者得知澳大利亞只有1%的珊瑚海受到愛(ài)護(hù)時(shí),感到震驚。得知世界上只有45%的珊瑚礁被認(rèn)為是健康的,作者感到悲傷。由此推知澳大利亞海洋生物可能面臨危急,故選D。26.TheProtectOurCoralSeaactivityisintendedto.

A.raisemoreteenagersenvironmentalawarenessB.contributetoacompleteeco-systemC.preventmoremarinespeciesbeingendangeredD.setupalargenaturereserveforreefs【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段I’vebecomeinvolved....haveasafeplaceforever.可知作者參加了“愛(ài)護(hù)珊瑚?！被顒?dòng),該活動(dòng)旨在創(chuàng)建世界上最大的海洋公園,使之成為海洋物種恒久平安的地方,防止更多海洋物種面臨滅亡。故選C。27.Angusandtheauthorcreatedalittlevideoto.

A.bringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspeciesB.urgemorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespeciesC.inspiremorepeopletoexplorethesecretoftheoceanD.sharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheocean【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobeapartofthemovement.可知作者和Angus制作了一個(gè)小視頻,希望它能激勵(lì)人們成為“愛(ài)護(hù)珊瑚海”活動(dòng)的一部分。敦促更多的人實(shí)行行動(dòng)來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)海洋物種,防止更多海洋物種面臨滅亡。故選B。CHarry,thefirstcameltoarriveinAustraliain1840,wasanunluckybeast.HewasimportedfromtheCanaryIslandsbyexplorerJohnHorrocks.Onanexpedition(探險(xiǎn)),Horrockspickeduphisguninordertoshoot“abeautifulbirdtobeaddedtothecollection.”P(pán)erhapsHarrywasanecologist—helurched(突然傾斜),andthegundischarged,shootingHorrocksintheface.Horrocksnotsurprisinglydiedofhisinjuries,andhisteammatesorderedHarrytobeshot.ThefirstimportationofacamelintoAustraliacametonaught.Atthebeginningof1860,24camelsarrivedinAustraliatobepartofanexpeditionbyexplorersRobertO’HaraBurkeandWilliamJohnWills.Itwasanunluckyexpedition.Thepairmadeonemistakeafteranother,andendedupeatingmostoftheircamelswithinseveralmonths,beforestarvingtodeath.Sixyearslater,morethan100camelsandtheirAfghanmindersarrivedinAustralia.Thistimeitsucceededandthousandsmorecamelsfollowed.SirThomasEldersetupthefirstcamelstuds(種畜場(chǎng))inSouthAustralia,whileothersweresetupinWesternAustralia.Thistimethecamelsbred(繁殖)likewildfire.Theywereusedforworking,ratherthanexploringexpeditions.TheimportedAfghancameleers(駱駝夫)werejustashardyandvital,leadingcameltrainsacrossthecruelinterior(腹地)ofAustralia,wherefewdaredtogo.Thecamelscarriedheavypacksofwoolandsuppliesandopenedupthedesertareasasnonehadmanagedtodobefore.ThetrainthatdoesthiscrossingtodayiscalledTheGhan,intheirhonor.Motorizationputthesecameltrainsoutofbusiness,andmanycamelswereturnedloose.ThecamelslovedAustralia,andmultipliedinamazingnumbers.Whatistobedonewiththem?NotsurprisinglytheyhavebecomequiteatouristattractionandyoucantakeacamelrideinthedesertastheAfghancameleersoncedid.Butthefactisthatcamelscreatequiteaprobleminareaswheretheyhavetakenover,astheydamagelocalvegetation,muscleoutnativeanimalscompetingforfood,andcreatechaoswhentheywanderintosettledarea.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要記述了駱駝在澳大利亞的起源與發(fā)展。28.WhatdoweknowaboutHarry?A.Hecausedthedeathofanexplorer.B.Hewasshotbyhisowner.C.Hewasinterestedinecology.D.Hewasmistakenforabird.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段Horrocksnotsurprisinglydiedofhisinjuries...Australiacametonaught.霍羅克斯毫不驚奇地因受傷而死,他的隊(duì)友吩咐哈里被槍殺。駱駝第一次進(jìn)口到澳大利亞就沒(méi)有了。故選A。29.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.HaraBurkeandWilliamJohnWillskilledtheircamelsbymistake.B.In1860,mostofthe24camelsarrivinginAustraliastarvedtodeath.C.In1866,morethan100camelsarrivedinAustraliaaccompaniedbytheircaretakers.D.ThefirstcamelstudswassetupinWesternAustralia.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從第四段Sixyearslater,morethan100camelsandtheirAfghanmindersarrivedinAustralia.六年后,100多頭駱駝和他們的阿富汗看護(hù)人員抵達(dá)澳大利亞。可知在1860年之后的6年,也就是1866年,由100只駱駝在看護(hù)者的陪伴下抵達(dá)了澳大利亞。故選C。30.What’sthesixthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Camels’character.B.TheimportationofcamelsinAustralia.C.Camels’contributiontoAustralia.D.ThetrainthatcarriedcamelsinAustralia.【解析】選C。段落大意題。從第六段TheimportedAfghancameleers...iscalledTheGhan,intheirhonor.可知此段描寫(xiě)了在澳大利亞,駱駝隊(duì)馱著沉重的物資去往荒無(wú)人煙的沙漠地區(qū)。描寫(xiě)了駱駝對(duì)澳大利亞的貢獻(xiàn)。故選C。31.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheoriginanddevelopmentofcamelsinAustraliaB.TheincreaseanddecreaseofcamelsinAustralia.C.ThebreedingandtrainingofcamelsinAustralia.D.ThetradingandhuntingofcamelsinAustralia.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。從文章的前四段,主要是描述了駱駝進(jìn)入澳大利亞的曲折過(guò)程。而文章的后四段主要描寫(xiě)了駱駝進(jìn)入澳大利亞之后起到的作用,以及后續(xù)的發(fā)展。故選A。DAmessagestickwasformofancientandnonverbal(非語(yǔ)言的)communicationthatcamefromAustralia,particularlyamongaboriginalpeople.Itwasawoodenstickwithdesignsandsymbolsonit.Theseobjectswererelayedbycouriers(信使)amongvarioustribesandthusfunctionedasameansofcross-culturalcommunication.“Aboriginal”isatermthatreferstothosewhoarebelievedtobethefirstknownpeoplelivinginaparticularplace,andinthiscase,itisusedtodescribeseveralsubgroupsofnativeAustralians.Eachgroupmighthaveitsownuniquecustomsandlanguage.Theywereoftendividedintotribes,sothesegroupsneededameanstocommunicate.Messagestickswerefirstinventedforthispurpose.ThestickitselfwasoftenmadeofthewoodofnativeAustraliantrees.Messageswereplacedonthesticksusingavarietyofmethods,includingcarving,paintingorburningsymbolsontothewood.Themarkingsusuallyconsistedofwordlesssymbolsthathadtobetranslatedbythecourier.Thecourierwasthususuallyaphysicallyfityoungmanwhohadmentalsharpnesstoproperlyconveymessagedetails.Messagesticksfunctionedasaneutral(中立的)areabetweentribes.Courierswereallowedtohavesafepassage,eveniftheycamefromanenemyland.Sometimes,themethodofdeliveryconsistedofasinglecouriercarryingamessagestickfromtribetotribe.Othermethodshadonetribebeginapassingprocessamongtribes,witheachtribeusingitsowncouriertoconveythemessagetothenexttribe.ThisobjectalsohassurvivedaspartofAustralianculturalcelebrations.Someschools,forexample,designandtransportmessagesticksasameansoflearningaboutthepast,Inaddition,theterm“messagestick”isoftenusedinAustralianlanguageasareferencetoothercommunicationformssuchasnewspapersorradiobroadcasts.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了澳大利亞的一種古老的非語(yǔ)言溝通形式——信息棒,以及它的樣式、由來(lái)、運(yùn)用方法和作用?，F(xiàn)在澳大利亞為了讓學(xué)生了解原住民的歷史而將它作為文化慶典的一部分保存了下來(lái)。32.Forwhatpurposedidaboriginalpeopleuseamessagestick?A.Tolearnfromeachother.B.Toshowonetribe’spower.C.Toshowtheirdesignsandsymbols.D.Tomakecommunicationacrossdifferenttribes.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中的Theseobjectswererelayedbycouriersamongvarioustribesandthusfunctionedasameansofcross-culturalcommunication.可知這些信息棒是由信使在不同的部落之間傳遞,因此信息棒是跨文化溝通的一種手段。選項(xiàng)D為了跨部落溝通,切題,故選D。33.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.What“aboriginal”means.B.Whymessagestickswerecreated.C.WhatthecustomsofnativeAustralianswere.D.HownativeAustraliansweredividedintogroups.【解析】選B。段落大意題。由文章其次段可知他們常常被分成各個(gè)部落,所以他們須要一種溝通的方式。信息棒最初是為了這個(gè)目的而被獨(dú)創(chuàng)的。這就是其次段的總結(jié)句,信息棒被獨(dú)創(chuàng)的緣由。故選B。34.Howwouldanaboriginaltribetreatthecourierfromanenemytribe?A.Hewouldbeletgo.B.Hewouldbekilled.C.Hewouldbegreatlyrespected.D.Hewouldbedrivenoutimmediately.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第四段可知信息棒在部落之間充當(dāng)中立區(qū)。信使被允許有平安通道,即使他們來(lái)自敵人的土地。由此推知,即使是敵部的信使,也是有平安保證的。選項(xiàng)A他會(huì)被放行,切題,故選A。35.WhydosomeAustralianschoolsdesignandtransportmessagesticks?A.Tolearnaboriginallanguage.B.Tolearnaboutaboriginalhistory.C.Torefertonewspapersandtheradio.D.Tocommunicateamongthemselves.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章第五段中的Someschools,forexample,designandtransportmessagesticksasameansoflearningaboutthepast.例如,一些學(xué)校設(shè)計(jì)和傳遞信息棒是把它做為了解過(guò)去的手段。可知,澳大利亞一些學(xué)校設(shè)計(jì)和傳遞信息棒是為了了解原住民的歷史。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。InthemiddleofthePacificOceanliesthetinyislandnationofTuvalu,thefourthsmallestcountryintheworld.Thisgroupoffourislandsandfiveatolls(islandsmadefromcoral)isfamousforitssandybeachesandturquoise(藍(lán)綠色的)watersandhaslongbeenapopulartouristdestinationfornearbyNewZealanders.However,thenationofTuvaluisatriskofsoonnolongerexisting;notbecauseofwarorpoliticalchange,butbecauseitwillbecoveredbytherisingocean.Tuvaluisexperiencingtheharmfuleffectsofglobalwarming.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,sodoestheoceantemperature.Duetothescientificlawof“thermalexpansion,”whenwaterheatsitgetbigger.36MostexpertsclaimthattheeffectsofclimatechangewillmakeTuvaluuninhabitablewithinthenext50years.Problemsarealreadyemerging.Assealevelsrise,oceanwatercontaininghighlevelsofsaltistravellingfurtherandfurtherinlanddestroyingthelittleamountofsoilTuvaluanshavetogrowcrops.

EvenbeforeTuvaluansbegantosufferfromtheeffectsofclimatechange,lifeonTuvaluwastough.37Mostofthelandonanatollisrock-hardaridanysoilthatexistsonitisusuallythinandpoorforgrowingcrops.Thenationhasalwayshadtoimportfoodapartfromfish.

MoreseriousthanTuvalu’slackofhome-grownfoodhasbeenitslackofdrinkingwater.38Therefore,Tuvaluansdependalmostentirelyonrainwaterfortheirwaterneeds.Unfortunately,duetoageographicalphenomenonknownasLaNina,Tuvaluoftensuffersfromlongperiodsofdrought.Inautumn2010,aftersevenmonthsofnorain,thePrimeMinisterhadtodeclareastateofemergencynotonlybecauseofalackofdrinkingwater,butalsobecausethewaterleftwaspollutedwithcholera(霍亂).39

Tuvalu’sproblemshaveledsomeofits11,000inhabitantstoconsidermigratingtoAustraliaorNewZealand.40Theyknowthey’llhavetosomeday,butforaslongaspossible,theywanttoremainandmaketheworldawareofwhatishappeningtotheirhomelandduetoclimatechange.

A.Thisislargelyduetothegeologicalmakeupofatolls.B.AndasamemberoftheUnitedNations,theyaredoingjustthat.C.Therefore,sealevelsarerisingandforlow-lyingTuvalu,thisspellsdisaster.D.However,theyarenotwillingtoabandonthelandoftheirforefatherssoeasily.E.Tuvalu’srepresentativesdemandedthatnationsshouldtakeamoreresponsibleroteinreducinggasemissions.F.Unlikenormalislands,atollshavenoriversorstreams,whichmeansthatmostofTuvaluhasnogroundwatertousefordrinking.G.Itwasadesperatesituationand,butforemergencyshipmentsfromNewZealandandAustralia,manyTuvaluanswouldhavedied.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了氣候改變的影響將使太平洋中部的小國(guó)圖瓦盧在將來(lái)50年內(nèi)無(wú)法居住,圖瓦盧還缺乏本土食物和飲用水,這些緣由導(dǎo)致一部分國(guó)民考慮移居澳大利亞或新西蘭,然而,他們不情愿如此輕易地放棄祖先的土地。36.【解析】選C?？涨罢f(shuō)圖瓦盧正在經(jīng)驗(yàn)全球變暖的有害影響,隨著全球氣溫上升,海洋溫度也隨之上升,依據(jù)“熱膨脹”的科學(xué)定律,當(dāng)海水變熱時(shí),海平面會(huì)變大,此處承接上文,講的是這會(huì)對(duì)圖瓦盧造成危害,故選C。37.【解析】選A。空后說(shuō)環(huán)礁上的大部分土地都是堅(jiān)硬的巖石,上面的土壤通常都是淡薄的,不利于作物生長(zhǎng),因此此處講的還是環(huán)礁地質(zhì)這一話題,故A項(xiàng)(這主要是由于環(huán)礁的地質(zhì)組成)符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。38.【解析】選F。空前說(shuō)在圖瓦盧,比缺乏本土食物更嚴(yán)峻的是缺乏飲用水,此處承接上文,講的還是關(guān)于飲用水這一話題,F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。39.【解析】選G。空前說(shuō)在經(jīng)驗(yàn)了7個(gè)月的干旱之后由于下雨,首相不得不宣布進(jìn)入緊急騷亂狀態(tài),這不僅是因?yàn)槿狈︼嬘盟?還因?yàn)槭Ｏ碌乃换魜y污染了,這是一種極其糟糕的局面,此處說(shuō)的是這種局面造成的影響,G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。40.【解析】選D。空前說(shuō)圖瓦盧的問(wèn)題導(dǎo)致其1.1萬(wàn)居民中的一些人考慮移居澳大利亞或新西蘭,此處承接這一話題并與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折,說(shuō)的是他們不情愿離開(kāi)自己的家園,故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)Thevictimswerecarriedinonebyone,theirpawsandfurburned,sufferingfromdehydration(脫水)andfear.Theircaretakers41theirwounds,and42theminbasketswiththeonlythingthatwas43theleavesofeucalyptus(桉樹(shù))tree.Asmiserablefireshave44morethan2millionacresinAustralia,onlydozensofkoalashavebeen45fromthesmokytreesand46ground.

Koalas,unlikekangaroos,birdsorsnakes,donot47fromfiresbutinsteadclimbtreestothetop,wheretheycancurlthemselvesintoaballfor48andwaitforthedangerto49.

Butduringbigfires,suchasthosethathaveburnedinrecentweeks,theanimalsarefarlesslikelyto50.Evenifthefireitselfdoesnotreachthetree51,theanimalsmayoverheatandfalltotheground,wheretheycanbeburnedtodeath.

Thetoughsituationofthekoalahasraised52amongscientistsandconservationists(環(huán)保主義者).Whilekoalashavedevelopedtoexistalongsidethewildfires,theyarefacingnew53,notjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment,whichhasdislocatedKoalas’populations,54theirabilitytosurvivefires.

Wehavethese55animalsnotfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet,andwearekillingthem.Thisisabigwake-upcall.

【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了澳大利亞的一場(chǎng)大火造成很多動(dòng)物受傷,其中考拉傷亡嚴(yán)峻,這次火災(zāi)警示世人愛(ài)護(hù)動(dòng)物。41.A.touchedB.treatedC.ignored D.Discovered【解析】選B。由上文可知它們被火燒傷了,依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞caretakers,可知是對(duì)傷口進(jìn)行治療。故選B。42.A.threw B.lockedC.laid D.forced【解析】選C。它們受傷了,醫(yī)護(hù)人員治療后當(dāng)心地放入籃子里。故選C。43.A.familiar B.plentifulC.beautiful D.expensive【解析】選A。由下文可知這些受傷的動(dòng)物是考拉,故它們對(duì)桉樹(shù)的葉子是熟識(shí)的。故選A。44.A.reached B.leftC.burned D.trapped【解析】選C。由于凄慘的火災(zāi)在澳大利亞燃燒(范圍)已經(jīng)超過(guò)了兩百萬(wàn)英畝,只有幾十只考拉,從煙霧充滿的樹(shù)木中和黑色的土地上被營(yíng)救。由miserablefires可知是燃燒。故選C。45.A.killed B.recognizedC.hurt D.rescued【解析】選D。由上文醫(yī)護(hù)人員治療考拉,可知是考拉從大火中被營(yíng)救。故選D。46.A.flat B.blackC.broad D.safe【解析】選B。由上文可知,火災(zāi)非常嚴(yán)峻,樹(shù)木煙霧充滿,大地被燒焦,因此是黑色的。故選B。47.A.escape B.dieC.suffer D.rise【解析】選A。由下文可知,考拉爬到樹(shù)頂愛(ài)護(hù)自己,因此說(shuō)它們不像袋鼠,鳥(niǎo)類或者蛇那樣能從火災(zāi)中逃脫。故選A。48.A.balance B.protectionC.challenge D.comfort【解析】選B。在火中,它們爬上樹(shù)頂,蜷縮成一團(tuán)是為了愛(ài)護(hù)自己。故選B。49.A.attack B.comeC.pass D.avoid【解析】選C?？祭幌翊蟆ⅧB(niǎo)類或者蛇那樣能從火災(zāi)中逃脫,它們只能爬上樹(shù)頂,蜷縮成團(tuán),等待火災(zāi)的結(jié)束。故選C。50.A.jump B.climbC.fall D.survive【解析】選D。由下文可知,即使火沒(méi)有燒到樹(shù)頂,動(dòng)物們也會(huì)因?yàn)檫^(guò)熱掉落到地上,被燒死。所以是很難存活。故選D。51.A.top B.leavesC.trunk D.root【解析】選A。由前文可知,考拉是爬到樹(shù)頂躲避大火。故選A。52.A.passion B.concernC.fear D.interest【解析】選B?？祭馐芰嘶馂?zāi),科學(xué)家和環(huán)保主義者應(yīng)當(dāng)是擔(dān)憂的。故選B。53.A.chances B.choicesC.neighbors D.threats【解析】選D。上文提到的野火對(duì)考拉來(lái)說(shuō)是生存的威逼,可知下文提到氣候改變和人類發(fā)展是它們面對(duì)的新的威逼。故選D。54.A.weakening B.developingC.enriching D.ensuring【解析】選A。由上文可知,人類發(fā)展是考拉面對(duì)的新的威逼,帶來(lái)的是不好的影響,因此是減弱了生存的實(shí)力。故選A。55.A.lonely B.stupidC.lazy D.unique【解析】選D。由下文“notfoundanywhereelseont