2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一編必修3Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析外研版

PAGEModule2DevelopingandDevelopedCountries課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀(2024·遼寧省五校協(xié)作體高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合模擬考試)Inalong－sleevedshirtandjeans,DieudonneTwahirwalooksnothinglikethetraditionalAfricanfarmer.The30－year－oldownerofGashoraFarmknowswhatadifferencethatmakes.“Youneedmorerolemodels，”hesaid,standingamongknee－h(huán)ighrowsofchilli(辣椒)plants.“Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers,theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm,othersmaythink,‘Whycan'tIdothat？’”MrTwahirwa,auniversitygraduate,boughtafriend'stomatofarmsixyearsagofor$150.Hemade$1,500backintwomonths.“Youhavetolinkfarmingwithentrepreneurshipandrealnumbers，”hesaid.ManyyoungAfricansareabandoningareasinthecountryside,choosingnottoworkhardandforalongtimeinthefields—ajobmadetougherbyclimatechange.ButTwahirwaisoneofthegrowingbandofsuccessfulfarmersworkingtomakeagriculture'simageonthecontinentmoreattractive.Some1,000farmersnowproducechilliesforhim.Heisstartingafourthfarmofhisown,andexportsfreshanddriedchilliesandoiltoBritain,theUnitedStates,India,andKenya.Africahastheworld'syoungestpopulationand65percentofitsuncultivatedarableland(耕地后備資源).Yetaccessinglandandloansisdifficult,andAfricanproductivityislowwithcropyieldsjust56percentoftheinternationalaverage.“Agricultureismainlyassociatedwithsufferingandnoyoungpersonwantstosuffer，”saidTamaraKaunda.ShebelievesAfricanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsold－fashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithahoe.“Showyoungpeopletractors,greenfields,niceirrigationsystemsandsmartphones，”shesaid.Gettingyoungpeopleinvolvedinagriculturedoesnotmeantheyhavetoworkonafarm.Forexample,incoffeeproduction,thebeansgofromthefarmtothewashingstation,thentobeseparatedfromthehusks(外殼)．篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。非洲有世界上最年輕的人群與大量的耕地后備資源，但是由于氣候與農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的落后，許多年輕人都不情愿從事農(nóng)業(yè)。DieudonneTwahirwa則為非洲青年樹立了榜樣。1．Whatdoes“Whycan'tIdothat？”inParagraph2mean?A．Whycan'tIdrivetothefarm?B．Whycan'ttheyfarm?C．Theyfollowtheexampleofthosefarmers.D．Theyboughtafriend'stomatofarm.答案：C句意理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Ifyouhaveyoungfarmers,theyhavelandandtheydrivetothefarm,othersmaythink,‘Whycan'tIdothat？’”可知，此處表示假如你有年輕的農(nóng)夫，他們有土地，而且開車去農(nóng)場，其他人可能會(huì)想，為什么“我”不能那樣做？該句意在表明其他人認(rèn)為他們可以效仿這些農(nóng)夫的做法。故選C。2．Whatmakesitharderforfarmerstowork?A．Poorland. B．Climate.C．Lowincome. D．Longworkinghours.答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“ajobmadetougherbyclimatechange”可知，在非洲，讓農(nóng)夫的勞動(dòng)難度更大的緣由在于氣候變更。故選B。3．WhatcanwelearnaboutTwahirwaaccordingtoParagraph5?A．Hemadeafortunebygrowingchillies.B．Hischilliesaresuperbintheworld.C．Farmersworkingforhimliveasimplelife.D．Thelocalsaren'twillingtobuyhischillies.答案：A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中的“Some1,000farmersnowproducechilliesforhim.Heisstartingafourthfarmofhisown”可推知，Twahirwa通過種植紅辣椒賺了許多錢。故選A。4．WhenitcomestoagricultureinAfrica,whatdopeoplethinkaboutit?A．Loansaredifficult.B．Mostlandisuncultivated.C．Cropyieldsareratherlow.D．Farmingmethodsareoutofdate.答案：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Africanagricultureneedsachangetogetridofitsold－fashionedimageofveryhardandtiringworkwithahoe”可知，非洲農(nóng)業(yè)須要變更，以擺脫其傳統(tǒng)的形象：運(yùn)用鋤頭的特別辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，當(dāng)談及非洲的農(nóng)業(yè)時(shí)，人們想到的是落后的耕作方法。故選D?！驹~匯積累】①productivityn.生產(chǎn)率；生產(chǎn)效率②yieldn.產(chǎn)量；產(chǎn)出；利潤③irrigationn.澆灌④getridof擺脫，除去【難句分析】原文：Gettingyoungpeopleinvolvedinagriculturedoesnotmeantheyhavetoworkonafarm.讓年輕人參與農(nóng)業(yè)并不意味著他們必需在田地工作。(最終一段第一句)分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。Gettingyoungpeopleinvolvedinagriculture是動(dòng)名詞短語作主語，mean后跟一個(gè)省略了that的賓語從句。Ⅱ.完形填空IvanStoltzfus,70,wasafarmerinPennsylvania.Thenoneday,he__1__wisewordsfromhisfatherandhedecidedtorealizealifelong__2__.“Hesaidonedayoutoftheblue,‘Ivan,ifyouhaveadream,don'twaituntilyou'retoooldand__3__can'tdoit，’”Stoltzfussaid.Stoltzfusalwayswantedto__4__acrossthecountry,likehisfatherdidforworkwhenhewasa__5__.Andforalongtimehehadacallingtosomehow__6__toAmericanveterans(退伍軍人).Hesaidhedidn'twanttotakehisfreedomfor__7__.In2014,thefarmercombinedbothofhisdreamsanddecidedtodriveacrossthecountryina1948tractorto__8__moneyandawarenessforwounded__9__.“IliketothinkgoingacrossAmericaas__10__thatseedofhope，”Stoltzfussaid.“Givingthosehopethathave__11__.”Stoltzfushasraisednearly$50,000forveterans,inparticular,forthosewho__12__frompost-traumaticstressdisorder(創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙).IntheshorttimeFoxNews__13__withStoltzfusinthesmalltownofOregon,three__14__strangersstoppedtogreethim.Twowereveterans.One__15__forhisgas.Boththankedhim.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。70歲的美國農(nóng)夫IvanStoltzfus開拖拉機(jī)跑遍全國，在實(shí)現(xiàn)他的幻想的同時(shí)也為退伍軍人集資捐獻(xiàn)。1．A.recalled B．retoldC．fought D．ordered答案：Arecall“回憶”；retell“復(fù)述”；fight“打架”；order“吩咐”。IvanStoltzfus已經(jīng)是一位70歲的老人了，他回憶起父親告知他的話。故選A。2．A.condition B．dreamC．patience D．direction答案：B依據(jù)下一句父親對(duì)Stoltzfus所說的話：激勵(lì)Stoltzfus去追逐幻想，可知Stoltzfus確定去實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的幻想(dream)，故選B。3．A.mentally B．generallyC．physically D．luckily答案：Cmentally“精神上地”；generally“一般地”；physically“身體上地”；luckily“幸運(yùn)地”。父親勸Stoltzfus不要等到上了年紀(jì)、身體不好而不能實(shí)現(xiàn)幻想時(shí)，空留缺憾，故選C。4．A.run B．comeC．turn D．drive答案：Ddriveacross表示“開車穿越”，下文提到Stoltzfus駕駛著一輛拖拉機(jī)穿越整個(gè)美國來幫助退伍的老兵，故選D。5．A.driver B．husbandC．farmer D．child答案：D在他父親因工作緣由開車穿越美國時(shí)，Stoltzfus應(yīng)當(dāng)還是一個(gè)孩子，故選D。6．A.giveoff B．givebackC．turnback D．lookback答案：Bgiveoff“散發(fā)”；giveback“回饋”；turnback“轉(zhuǎn)身”；lookback“回顧”。Stoltzfus始終認(rèn)為退伍的老兵是英雄，他希望能為這些老兵們做些事情來回饋他們，故選B。7．A.serious B．grantedC．regarded D．a(chǎn)sked答案：Btake...forgranted“認(rèn)為……是天經(jīng)地義的”。Stoltzfus敬重那些退伍的老兵，視他們?yōu)橛⑿郏麖牟徽J(rèn)為自己的自由是天經(jīng)地義的。故選B。8．A.raise B．breakC．widen D．lose答案：Araise“籌募；提升”。Stoltzfus確定開著自己的拖拉機(jī)穿越美國，目的是募集一些資金和提升人們關(guān)懷受傷老兵的意識(shí)。故選A。9．A.farmers B．eldersC．passengers D．heroes答案：D對(duì)于Stoltzfus而言，這些受傷的退伍軍人曾經(jīng)保證了美國人的自由，他們是英雄(heroes)。故選D。10．A.collecting B．buyingC．planting D．getting答案：CStoltzfus認(rèn)為幫助那些受傷的退伍軍人，就像是播種(plant)希望。故選C。11．A.usedup B．setupC．givenup D．takenup答案：Cuseup“用完”；setup“建立”；giveup“放棄”；takeup“占據(jù)”。Stoltzfus之所以播種希望，是想給那些已經(jīng)放棄的人以希望。故選C。12．A.result B．sufferC．hear D．date答案：Bsufferfrom“遭遇”。Stoltzfus已經(jīng)為退伍軍人們募集了近5萬美元，幫助了許多老兵，尤其是遭遇創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙的那些人。故選B。13．A.spent B．wastedC．planned D．respected答案：Aspendtime“花費(fèi)時(shí)間”。福克斯新聞在俄勒岡的小鎮(zhèn)采訪Stoltzfus的短短暫間里，就有三個(gè)生疏人來問候他。故選A。14．A.different B．privateC．special D．familiar答案：A依據(jù)后文可知，是三個(gè)不同(different)身份的生疏人。故選A。15．A.stood B．leftC．paid D．provided答案：CStoltzfus的付出得到了認(rèn)可，兩位老兵對(duì)他表示謝意，還有一個(gè)人為他付了(pay)油費(fèi)。故選C。Ⅲ.七選五(2024·河南省八市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)盟高三上期“領(lǐng)軍考試”試題)Whenwetalktoourfriendsonline,typingcanbecomealittleboring.Weturntomemes(表情包)tomakeourconversationsmorefun.__1__Atleast10studentswhowereadmittedtoHarvardUniversitylosttheirchancetostudythereafterpostingoffensive(攻擊性的)memesinaprivateFacebookgroup,theuniversity'sstudentnewspaper,theHarvardCrimson,reportedonJune5.“Ratherthanjustregularjokes,thememeswenttotrulydarkanduglyplace,jokingaboutOrthodoxJews(猶太教徒),thegaschambers(毒氣室),Mexicanchildrenandsuicide，”reportedCNN.__2__Butlater,somestudentssetupanothergroupwheretheytradedseveraloffensivememes.WhenHarvardUniversityfoundoutaboutthegroup,ittookbackthestudents'offers.__“Iappreciatehumor,buttherearesomanytopicsthatjustshouldnotbejokedabout，”incomingfreshmanJessicaZhangtoldtheHarvardCrimson.“Idonotknowhowthoseoffensiveimagescouldbedefended.”__4__“ItsoundslikeHarvardisgoingtoodeeplyintotheprivatelivesofstudents，”AlanDershowitz,aretiredHarvardLawSchoolprofessor,toldTheGuardian.“Itmayaffectthemforlife.”__5__Lastyear,asimilarFacebookgroupforadmittedHarvardstudentsdrewcriticismfromtheuniversityaftersomeofitsmemberspostedracistjokes.A．Theincidenthascausedfiercedebates,bothintheuniversityandaroundtheworld.B．Aworld-classuniversityshouldhelpstudentsopenmindsandovercomebias(偏見)．C．However,othersbelievetheuniversityoversteppedtheboundaries.D．Thegroupwasoriginallymeantforwould-beHarvardfreshmentogettoknoweachotherbeforetheybeganuniversity.E．JeffYang,himselfagraduateofHarvard,saidtheuniversitywasrighttopunishthestudents.F．Butsometimes,sendingthewrongmemecanmaketrouble.G．Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimeHarvardhasdealtwithacaselikethis.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了一些學(xué)生在某個(gè)群體內(nèi)發(fā)送具有攻擊性的表情包，結(jié)果被哈佛高校拒絕入學(xué)的故事。1．F依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容，哈佛高校開除了至少10人，因運(yùn)用不合適的表情包，故可推知F項(xiàng)“可是有時(shí)候發(fā)錯(cuò)表情包也會(huì)產(chǎn)生麻煩?！边m用此空，并可引起下文。2．D依據(jù)下文“Butlater,somestudentssetupanothergroupwheretheytradedseveraloffensivememes.”可知有些學(xué)生另建一個(gè)群，發(fā)一些有攻擊性質(zhì)的表情包，所以可以推斷出，一起先建立的校內(nèi)群并非如此，故選D。3．A下一段內(nèi)容是人們探討學(xué)校做法的內(nèi)容。故A項(xiàng)“這個(gè)問題在該校和全球范圍內(nèi)引起了激烈探討”符合語境。4．CC項(xiàng)中的“oversteppedtheboundaries”與Alan教授的話“deeplyintotheprivatelivesofstudents”以及“affectthemforlife”為同義表達(dá)。5．G設(shè)空后提到“去年哈佛高校也因?yàn)橐恍┓N族主義的問題指責(zé)了一些學(xué)生”，說明這不是哈佛高校第一次處理類似的事情。Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫作(2024·云南省玉溪一中高三其次次調(diào)研考試)假定你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，你們學(xué)校將要選擇一批學(xué)生赴美國溝通學(xué)習(xí)。你認(rèn)為這是一次很好的機(jī)會(huì)，能更多了解發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家這個(gè)概念，希望能夠獲得這次機(jī)會(huì)。請寫一封自薦信，包括以下要點(diǎn)：1．個(gè)人的主要狀況；2．申請溝通緣由。留意：1.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．詞數(shù)不少于80；3．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearSirorMadam，Yourssincerely，LiHua[精彩范文]DearSirorMadam，IamwritingtoseektheopportunitytogotoAmerica.IamreallyinterestedinlearningEnglishandletmesaysomethingaboutmyself.I'manexcellentstudent,amongthetop5inmyclass.I'mcrazyaboutEnglish,especiallyspokenEnglish.Inmysparetime,Ireadalot,andpoemsaremyfavorite.Ienjoymusicverymuch,too.Beingayoungperson,Ilikesportsandoutdooractivities.Besides,I'measytogetalongwithandIliketomakefriends.IhopethejourneyabroadcanhelpimprovemyEnglishandthatIcanlearnsomeforeigncultures.Yourkindconsiderationwillbehighlyappreciated.I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely，LiHua[寫作思路指導(dǎo)]Ⅴ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。(2024·山東省試驗(yàn)中學(xué)東校高三英語階段性測試)IencounteredGodthesummerIwasfive.Myfatherhadfinallygrowntoosicktogetoutofbed,sotheheatandnervoustensionintheairinsidethehousemadeitimpossibletobreathe.Iwouldescapebysqueezingunderthefrontporch.Allmannerofcreatureslivedthere,butImostlyignoredthem,withoneexception—alittlefrogwho,everytimeIcrawled(爬行)undertheporch,staredatmewithgreat,goldeneyes.InlateJune,thefrogfinallyhopped(跳動(dòng))towardmyarmandstaredatme,demandingeyecontact.Oncehehadmyattention,heopenedhiswidemouthandsaid,“Hello,Sophie.”Ishouldhavebeenshocked,butforsomereason,Iwasn't.Perhapsatfiveyearsold,Iwasmorereceptivetosomethingagainstthelawsofnature.Atanyrate,Iwasnotshockedthatafrogcouldspeak.Ihadamorepressingquestion.“Howdoyouknowmyname？”Thefrogblinkedslowly.“Iknoweverything.IamGod.”Ispoke,“Youcan'tbeGod.You'retoosmall.”Heextendedalong,webbedfingerandwaspointingtotheedgeoftheporch'sshadow—tothespotwheremymotherhadtriedtogrowflowersthereforyears.Shehadstoppedtryingwhenmyfather'sconditionworsened.“Lookthere，”commandedthefrog,andIstaredasabeautifulwhiteflowerblossomedasifstretchingitslimbsafteralongsleep.Inmyfiveyears,Ihadneverseenanythingsosplendid.GodandIbecamegoodfriendsthatsummer.Ispenteverydayundertheporch,talkingtohim.SometimesIaskedGodquestions.Sometimesheanswered.Once,IaskedhimwhereHeavenwas.“Heaven，”hesaid,“iswhereIlive.”InAugust,myfather'sillnesshadprogressedtothepointthatIwassenttomyaunt'shouseinVirginia.ItoldGodIwouldbebacksoon,andthenwaitedinVirginiaformyfathertogetbetter.Sixmonthslater,Icamebackhomeformyfather'sfuneral.