語法專題九 非謂語動(dòng)詞【考點(diǎn)精講精練】-2023年中考語法一點(diǎn)通（學(xué)生版）

語法專題九、非謂語動(dòng)詞（必考）考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)精講非謂語動(dòng)詞，是指在句子中不能做謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）。現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去分詞用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。初中階段主要考查不定式和動(dòng)名詞，本文就講解這兩大考點(diǎn)。分詞詳見后面的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)專題。考點(diǎn)1：不定式todo（中考必考）定義和用法:不定式to可以做主語、表語、賓語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語（表目的）、定語（to放后修飾前面的名代）。?？键c(diǎn)就是todo做賓語或賓補(bǔ)，哪些動(dòng)詞后加todo，背下面的搭配。后面常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的搭配有：wouldliketodosth(樂意做某事)wanttodosth(想要做某事)decidetodosth(決定做某事)plantodosth(計(jì)劃做某事)begin/starttodosth(開始做某事)Trytodosth(設(shè)法做某事)pretendtodosth(假裝做某事)hopetodosth(希望做某事)agreetodosth(同意做某事)learntodosth(學(xué)會(huì)做某事)needtodosth(需要做某事)promisetodosth(答應(yīng)做某事)refusetodosth(拒絕做某事)usedtodosth(過去常做某事)affordtodosth(負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事)后面常用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的搭配有：asksb.todosth.(叫某人做某事)tellsb.todosth.(告訴某人做某事)allowsb.todosth.(允許某人做某事)wishsbtodosth(希望做某事)wantsb.todosth.(想要某人做某事)advisesbtodosth(建議某人做某事)invitesb.todosth.(邀請(qǐng)某人做某事)expectsbtodosth(期待某人做某事)Encouragesbtodosth(鼓勵(lì)某人做某事)Teachsbtodosth(教某人做某事)考點(diǎn)2省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式(1)使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不定式省“to”,被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要補(bǔ)回“to”，這點(diǎn)詳見被動(dòng)語態(tài)專題。下面我們識(shí)記一些常見搭配：makesb.dosth.使某人做某事seesb.do/doingsth看見某人做/正做某事letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事watchsbdo/doingsth觀看某人做/正做某事havesb.dosth.請(qǐng)某人做某事findsbdo/doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做/正做某事hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不)做某事Hearsbdo/doingsth.聽見某人做/正做某事prefertodoratherthandosth.寧愿…而不愿wouldratherdosth.thandosth.寧愿做……而不愿Whydon’tyoudo…?=Whynotdosth.？為什么不做……？Would/couldyouplease(not)dosth.？請(qǐng)你(不)……好嗎？考點(diǎn)3動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞ing形式，作用相當(dāng)于名詞）動(dòng)名詞，顧名思義就是動(dòng)詞作名詞用，在句中可做主語、賓語、表語、定語等。中考?？键c(diǎn)是動(dòng)名詞做主語。另一考點(diǎn)就是常接動(dòng)名詞的一些搭配。常考詞組和句型：enjoy/likedoingsth(喜歡做某事)feellikedoingsth(想要做某事)keepdoingsth(保持做某事)hatedoingsth(討厭做某事)minddoingsth(介意做某事)spendtimedoingsth(花時(shí)間做某事)finishdoingsth(完成做某事)practisedoingsth(練習(xí)做某事)considerdoingsth(考慮做某事)can'thelpdoingsth(禁不住做某事)bebusydoingsth(忙于做某事)beworthdoingsth(值得做某事)havefundoingsth(玩得開心)haveproblems/troubledoingsth(做某事有困難)注意：所有的介詞(in，at，for，of,on，from，up，about，to,with,without等)后＋doing，下列幾個(gè)詞組的“to”為介詞be/getusedtodoing習(xí)慣于做某事preferdoingtodoing寧愿做……而不愿lookforwardtodoing盼望著做某事payattentiontodoing注意做某事makeacontributiontodoing為……做貢獻(xiàn)helponeselftosth.請(qǐng)自便stoptodosth停下來做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做某事remembertodosth記得將做某事rememberdoingsth.記得做了某事forgettodosth.忘記將做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做了某事continuedoingsth繼續(xù)做同一件事continuetodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事考點(diǎn)精練考點(diǎn)精練中考語法—非謂語動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（共計(jì)50小題，每小題2分，總分100分。）1.Iusuallyspendtime_____inthelibraryonweekends.A.read B.reading C.reads D.toread2.Ourteacheroftentellsus____acrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.go B.going C.don’tgo D.nottogo3.Boysandgirls,goodluckandwishyou

goodgradesonyournewjourney!A.cutting B.tocut C.getting D.toget4.Dianausedto______towork,butnowsheisusedto______becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.A.drive;

walkB.drive;

walking C.driving;

walk5.Itseemshopelesstogetthereontimebecausethereislittletime________.A.leaving B.left C.toleave D.leaves6.Shewantstocontinue______untilsheis60.A.working B.toworking C.works D.worked7.Iexpect______mygrandparentsduringmysummervacation.A.visit B.to

visit C.visiting D.to

visiting8.Thedifferencebetweenthetwowordsisworth______.A.payingattention B.topayattentiontoC.topayattention D.payingattentionto9.Weshoulddowhatwecan______thosepeoplewhentheyareintrouble.A.tohelp B.helped C.help D.helping10.—MissLi,canyoutellmehowtoimprovemywritingskills？—Certainly.Iadviseyou________adiaryinEnglisheveryday.A.to

keep B.keeping C.kept D.keep11.TheNewYeariscoming.Teachersencourageus_______newhobbies.A.develop B.developing C.to

develop D.developed12.-Theartfestivaliscoming.It'sagoodchancetoshowourselves.-Youareverygoodat

.Andyouwillbethemostpopularstar.A.singing B.sing C.to

sing D.sang13.—Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet?—No,Ihaven't.Iplan______itthisweekend.A.write B.wrote C.writing D.towrite14.—Myparentsdon'tallowme___________myphoneonschooldays.—Theyarestrict.Buttheyalwayswantthebestforyou.A.touse B.use C.using D.used15.WhenIwasyoung,myparentstaughtme______olderpeoplekindly.A.treats B.to

treat C.treated D.treat16.Theearthisingreatdangernow.Wehavetodosomething_______it.A.protect B.protecting C.to

protect D.protected17.—Chinaisgettingbetterandbetteratmakinghightechnologyproducts.—That'sright.Peoplearoundtheworldcanhardlyavoid______theseproductsmadeinChina.A.to

buy B.not

to

buy C.buying D.not

buying18.Thepolicemantoldthechildren______intheriver.It'stoodangerous!A.to

not

swim B.not

to

swim C.not

swim D.not

swimming19.______theonlineshopping,mygrandmaboughtasmartphone.A.Enjoyed B.Enjoying C.Enjoy D.Toenjoy20.Mymothersays

aglassofmilkeverydayisgoodforourhealth.A.drink B.to

drink C.drinking D.drinks21.Myfamilyenjoy__________booksinthecitylibraryinoursparetime.A.reads B.read C.to

read D.reading22._________myself,Iwilltakeupahobbylikepaintingthissummer.A.Improve B.Improving C.To

improve D.Improved23.Don'tworry.WewillmeetnextMonday______theprojectagain.A.discuss B.discussed C.discussing D.todiscuss24.—Englishisdifficult______atthebeginning.—Yes,butifyoukeep______,youcanmakeprogress.A.tobelearned;trying B.tolearn;tryingC.tobelearned;totry D.tolearn;totry25.Myparentsareusedto________aftersupper.A.walk B.walks C.walking D.walked26.—ItriedtomakeAlice______hermindbutIfounditdifficult.—Well,Isawyou______thatwhenIwentpast.A.changed;do B.changes;doing C.change;todo D.change;doing27.Ican'ttellyouwhatshesaid.I'vepromised

itasecret.A.keep B.tokeep C.keeping D.kept28.Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan______others.A.help B.helping C.helps D.tohelp29.YoushouldaskBob________hisownclothes.Heistenyearsoldnow.A.wash B.washes C.washing D.towash30.Westopped______,buttherewasnotanysound.A.to

listen B.listens C.listen D.listening31.Isawsomeboystudents________basketballwhenIpassedtheplayground.A.played B.plays C.playing D.toplay32.—Dad,whymustIstop________computergames?—Foryourhealth,myboy.A.play B.toplay C.toplaying D.playing33.Thelittlegirlwascryingbecausehermotherdidn'tallowher_______theice-cream.A.eat B.eats C.toeat D.ate34.—Simon,whatdoIneedtotakeforthehiking?—You'dbetter______morewaterthanusual.It'shottoday.A.totake B.take C.taking D.took35.Theshowwassofunnythatitmadeeveryone______againandagain.A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.tolaugh36.Ihopeeveryonecancareabout________theenvironmentandstop________things.A.protecting;wasting B.protecting;towasteC.protect;wasting D.protect;towaste37.Itriedtomakethebaby_______bysinging,andthatworkedwellatlast.A.tostoptocry B.tostopcrying C.stoptocry D.stopcrying38.—Pleasestaywithmethisweekend.—I'msorry,butmyfatherandI

planned______Beijinga

longtimeago.A.visit B.visiting C.tovisit D.visited39.?—Wouldyoulike______afilmwithustonight?—Sorry,Ihavetohelpmymotherdohousework.A.see B.tosee C.seeing D.toseeing40.I

heard

Tom

_____when

I

walked

past

his

room

yesterday.A.sing B.singing C.to

sing D.sang41.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youshouldpractice_________itasoftenasyoucan.A.speak B.to

speak C.speaking D.speaks42.I

will

try

my

best

to

stop

my

son

from______the

same

mistake.A.make B.made C.makes D.making43.—Whataheavyrain!—So

it

is．I

prefer

_____

rather

than

_____

on

such

a

rainy

day．A.staying

at

home；

go

out B.to

stay

at

home；

go

outC.going

out；

stay

at

home D.to

go