備考2011高效學(xué)習(xí)方案英語高三冊(cè)Units78AChristmasCarolLearningaforeignlanguage

Units7～8AChristmasCarol&Learningaforeignlanguage(2009·海淀期末)某英文報(bào)以LearntoManageonOurOwn為題向中學(xué)生征文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列圖片，講述上周你們的班主任生病期間你班同學(xué)的表現(xiàn)，寫一篇短文投稿。注意：1．詞數(shù)不少于60。2．短文內(nèi)容必須包括圖片所提供的主要信息(可適當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容)。提示詞：流動(dòng)紅旗：WeeklyModelClassLearntoManageonOurOwn________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[參考答案]Lastweek,wefeltsorrytohearthatourheadteacherwasill.Afterwards,wehadadiscussionanddecidedtomanageonourown.Duringthefollowingdays,allofusdidagoodjob.Noneofuswaslateforschoolandwedidmorningexercisesbetterthanever.Inclass,welistenedtotheteacherattentively.Besides,wewontheschoolbasketballmatch.Thedaybeforeourteachercameback,wegavetheclassroomathoroughcleaningtowelcomeher.Ourmonitorpresentedabunchofflowerstoherwhenshesteppedontotheplatform.SeeingtheredflagforWeeklyModelClass,shewashappyandmoved.Weweregreatlyinspiredtoo,becausewesucceededinmanagingonourown,whichproveswehavegrownup.Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．______(vi.) 拍手；輕拍 (vt.) 拍；擊；為……鼓掌2．______(adv.) 無論如何；即使如此3．______(n.) 良心；是非感4．______(n.) (常用復(fù)數(shù))水平；標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)；規(guī)格5．______(adj.) 較年長的；等級(jí)較高的 (n.) 較年長者；前輩；等級(jí) 較高者6．______(adj.) 年少的；等級(jí)較低的 (n.) 年少者；晚輩；等級(jí)較低者7．______(adj.) 憂慮的；令人擔(dān)心(焦慮)的8．______(adj.) 極大的；可怕的；極討厭的9．______(vt.) 使停止；阻塞；刺；伸出；粘 貼[答案]1．clap5．senior6.juniorⅡ.詞匯拓展1．selfish→______(n.)自私2．a(chǎn)mbition→______(adj.)有野心的3．motivation→______(v.)作為……的動(dòng)機(jī)，激發(fā)4．constant→______(n.)→______(adv.)始終，一直5．occupy→______(n.)→______(adj.)職業(yè)的6．a(chǎn)dmit→______(n.)→______(adj.)允許進(jìn)入的，可采納的7．conscience→______(adj.)有良心的；誠實(shí)的，認(rèn)真的8．a(chǎn)dopt→______(n.)接受，采用→______(adj.)接受的，采用的9．patience→______(adj.)有耐性的，忍耐的10．secure→______(n.)安全，平安→______(adj.)可得到的11．comprehension→______(adj.)有理解力的，悟性好的→______(adj.)能理解的→______(v.)了解，領(lǐng)會(huì)12．instruct→______(n.)命令；指導(dǎo)→______(adj.)有益的13．correction→______(vt.&adj.)→______(反義詞)[答案]1．selfishness4．constancy;constantly5.occupation;occupational6．a(chǎn)dmission;admissible8．a(chǎn)doption;adoptable10.security;securable11．comprehensive;comprehensible;comprehend12．instruction;instructive13.correct;incorrectⅢ.重點(diǎn)短語1．makeit______長話短說2．beoccupied______從事；專心于；忙于3．______late最近；近來4．______follows用以列舉事項(xiàng)5．haveaneye______有眼力；有眼光6．close______(尤指暫時(shí))關(guān)閉；使靠近7．badly______潦倒；窮困8．inwant______需要9．leave______不管；隨……去10．care______喜愛；照顧11．contribute______捐獻(xiàn)，有助于12．regardless______不管，不顧[答案]1．short7．offⅣ.重點(diǎn)句型1．Ifquiteconvenient,sir.先生，如果方便的話。2．Muchgoodmayitdoyou！但愿圣誕賜福于你！3．EverytimeItakepartinagroupdiscussionortrytospeakEnglishtosomeone,Ifinditdifficulttoexpressmyself.每次我參加小組討論或者試著對(duì)某人講英語時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難表達(dá)清楚自己的意思。4．Regardlessoftheirtheories,theselanguageexpertsdoagreethatlifeisaverysuccessfullanguageschool.5．Thelessanxiousandmorerelaxedthelearner,thebettertheirlanguageacquisition.學(xué)習(xí)者越不緊張，越能放松自己，學(xué)習(xí)語言的效果就越好。Ⅴ.重點(diǎn)語法1．ReviewtheAdverbial(復(fù)習(xí)狀語)2．ReviewtheSubjunctiveMood1(復(fù)習(xí)虛擬語氣1)Ⅰ.詞匯聚焦1．quitv．①停止，放棄②離開，辭(職)It’snoteasytoquitsmokinganddrinking.戒煙戒酒是不容易的。[指點(diǎn)迷津]quit后常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。它與giveup用法和意義相同。Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeople______smoking.A.quit B.declineC.depart D.reserve解析：句意：醫(yī)生們正在研究，目的是弄清楚人停止抽煙時(shí)身體將發(fā)生什么變化。quit在這里作“停止”講；decline“下降，減少”，depart“出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，離開”；reserve“保留，儲(chǔ)存，預(yù)訂”。答案：A2．a(chǎn)bundantadj.①大量的，充足的②(in)豐富的，富裕的beabundantin/with...有豐富的……，有大量的……；abundantrainfall充沛的降雨量；anabundantland富饒的土地；abundantenergies旺盛的精力[指點(diǎn)迷津]易混：音近、形近詞：abandon放棄，遺棄Thereare______suppliesoffirewoodintheforest.A.plentiful B.abundantC.plentyof D.many解析：abundant一般指數(shù)量充足，常用于人、動(dòng)物、物產(chǎn)、雨量、資源等，含有“過多”之意；plentiful一般指量多，常用于食物、收獲、財(cái)產(chǎn)、金錢等，不能用于時(shí)間、空間、語言、思想等方面；plentyof指數(shù)量充足而多于需要，強(qiáng)調(diào)富足或充裕的狀況；many指很多，修飾可數(shù)名詞。答案：B3．occupyvt.①占用，占領(lǐng)②使忙碌，使從事anoccupyingarmy占領(lǐng)軍；theoccupiedpartof(acountry)(一個(gè)國家)的占領(lǐng)區(qū)；keepsb.occupied使某人忙碌；beoccupied忙，有事干；occupyoneselfwith/in(doing)sth.忙于(做)某事；beoccupiedin/with(doing)sth.忙于(做)某事，正在做某事拓展：occupationn．工作，職業(yè)；(人)從事的活動(dòng)；占領(lǐng)Isanyoneoccupyingtheseat？/Isthisseatoccupied?這個(gè)座位有人占嗎？Thisgamewillkeepthechildrenoccupied.這種游戲會(huì)讓孩子們玩上一陣子的。[指點(diǎn)迷津]occupy和takeup都有“占領(lǐng)(某地)”；“攻占(某地)”之意；takeup還有“占據(jù)(空間)”之意；makeup則表示“占據(jù)某一數(shù)據(jù)中多大份額(或比例)”。Maryis______atranslationofaFrenchnovel.A.engagedwith B.busyinC.absorbedto D.occupiedwith解析：句意：瑪麗正忙于翻譯一本法語小說。beoccupiedwith和beengagedin,bebusywithsth./indoingsth.都指“忙于某事”；beabsorbedin“被……吸引，集中精力干……”。答案：D4．pensonallyadv.就自己而言；親自Shesaidshedidn’tlikeit,butpersonallyIthoughtitwasverygood.她說她不喜歡它，但在我個(gè)人看來，它是非常好的。Thedirectorispersonallyinchargeofallthearrangements.導(dǎo)演親自負(fù)責(zé)一切安排。[指點(diǎn)迷津]personally常作插入成分，在句中作狀語。Initwerephotosofalltheactorsofourshow,______signedbyeachperformer.A.frequently B.personallyC.alone D.actually解析：從全文判斷，照片上有表演者的個(gè)人簽名，故選B。答案：BHewasadmittedtohospitalsufferingfromburns.他由于燒傷被送入醫(yī)院治療。Iadmit我承認(rèn)我的錯(cuò)/我犯錯(cuò)誤了/我錯(cuò)了。[指點(diǎn)迷津]permit“準(zhǔn)許”(語氣最強(qiáng))，allow“允許”(語氣較permit弱)。permit/allowsb.todosth.NowthatBobhaspublicly______hewaswrong,heissharingthechild－raisingandhouseholdtaskswithPat.A.admitted B.suggestedC.agreed D.explained解析：從上下文判斷，Bob認(rèn)識(shí)到照料孩子和家務(wù)之不易，承認(rèn)了錯(cuò)誤，并與Pat分擔(dān)家務(wù)。答案：A6．a(chǎn)nywayadv.不管怎么說，無論如何；不論；盡管如此，反正；至少M(fèi)ymothersaysImustn’tgo,butI’mgoinganyway.我母親說我不能去，但不管怎樣，我還是要去。－Icangiveyoualift.你可以搭我的車。－No,I’llwalk.Thanks,anyway.不了，我要步行。盡管如此，還是要謝謝你。Iamcominganyway.反正我要來的。[指點(diǎn)迷津]①anyway同anyhow有相同的意思和用法。②anyway在非正式口語中還有另外兩種用法：a.表示說話人要回到主題上來；b.表示結(jié)束一個(gè)主題，又另接一個(gè)主題?！猈hataboutgoingoutthisevening?—Oh,Idon’tknow.I’vegotabitofaheadache.And______，John’scomingtoseeme,soIoughttostayin.A.anyway B.anybodyC.however D.though解析：anyway“不管怎么說”；anybody“任何人”；however“然而，可是”；though“雖然，即使”。答案：A7．consciencen．良心；是非感accordingtoone’sconscience憑良心haveabad(guilty,anevil)conscience有愧于心，內(nèi)疚haveaclear(good)conscience問心無愧makesth.amatterofconscience憑良心對(duì)待(做)某事inallconscience憑良心；公平地Ihadabad/guiltyconscienceaboutnottellingherthetruth.我沒有告訴她事實(shí)真相，心里覺得內(nèi)疚。Ican’tadviseyouwhattodo—it’samatterofconscience.我不能勸告你該做什么，這是靠你自己的是非觀念判斷的問題。[指點(diǎn)迷津]“對(duì)……有愧于心(內(nèi)疚)”常譯作“haveabad(guilty,anevil)conscienceabout...”Ihaven’tdoneanythingwrong,soI’vegotagood______.A.confidence B.innocenceC.consciousness D.conscience解析：句意：我沒干過任何錯(cuò)事，所以我問心無愧。haveagood(clear)conscience是固定表達(dá)法，意為“問心無愧”。confidence意為“信心”；innocence意為“無罪，天真，無知”；consciousness意為“意識(shí)，知覺”。答案：D8．standardn．水平，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，規(guī)格adj.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的comeuptothestandard達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)doublestandard雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)standardofbehavior行為準(zhǔn)則standardofculture文化程度setastandard制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)beupto/belowstandard達(dá)/未達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Thehoteloffersthehigheststandardsofcomfortandservice.該旅館提供最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的舒適和服務(wù)。Weworktoahighstandardofprecision.我們力爭(zhēng)達(dá)到高度精密的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。[指點(diǎn)迷津]standardizev.“使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”standardizationn.“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化”Itwasasmallcountryhousebutitwaslarge______urbanstandards.A.at B.forC.by D.from解析：句意：這是一間鄉(xiāng)間小屋，但按城里的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是大的了。與standards相搭配的介詞是by，所以選C。by“根據(jù)，按照”；at主要和invitation,request等詞連用；for意為“就……而言”；常用在形容詞之后，表示“出乎意料”；from根據(jù)，主要表示作出某個(gè)判斷的理由。答案：C9．a(chǎn)ppropriateadj.適當(dāng)?shù)?，恰?dāng)?shù)拇钆洌篴nappropriateexample適當(dāng)?shù)睦?；appropriatemanner適當(dāng)?shù)呐e止；beappropriateto/for適于，合乎某事物Sportsclothesarenotappropriateforaformalmeeting.運(yùn)動(dòng)裝不適合參加正式會(huì)議。[指點(diǎn)迷津]在Itisappropriatethat...結(jié)構(gòu)中用虛擬語氣。Formanypatients,institutional(慈善機(jī)構(gòu))careisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.A.suitable B.appropriateC.thoughtful D.proper解析：句意：對(duì)許多病人來說，慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的關(guān)心是一種最恰當(dāng)、最有益的關(guān)心。appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)模线m的”，指“恰如其分的”。suitable指“符合某時(shí)或某一環(huán)境下的要求或需要的”；thoughtful“關(guān)切的，考慮周到的”；proper指“正當(dāng)?shù)?，正確的”。答案：B10．a(chǎn)doptvt.①收養(yǎng)②采取，采納，采用adoptachild/kid收養(yǎng)小孩；adoptanewtechnique/method采用新技術(shù)/方法；adoptanewidea采納新意見Thecouplecouldn’thavechildrenoftheirownsotheyadoptedacoupleofkids.這對(duì)夫婦不能生育孩子，所以就收養(yǎng)了兩個(gè)小孩。Circumstanceswillforceusfinallytoadoptthispolicy.情況最終會(huì)迫使我們采用這項(xiàng)政策。[指點(diǎn)迷津]考生常將adopt與adapt(適應(yīng))相混淆，請(qǐng)加以辨析記憶。Theoldcoupledecidedto______aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreeoftheirown.A.adapt B.bringC.receive D.adopt解析：句意：這對(duì)老夫婦自己已經(jīng)有了3個(gè)兒女，但還是決定收養(yǎng)一個(gè)男孩和一個(gè)女孩。此題中adopt意為“收養(yǎng)”。adapt“(使)適應(yīng)”；bring“帶來”；receive“收到”，放在這意思都不通。答案：D11．stickvt.(stuck,stuck)使停止；阻塞；刺；扎入；伸出；粘貼n．棍、棒；手杖搭配：sticktoapost堅(jiān)守崗位；sticktoone’swords遵守諾言；sticktoprinciples堅(jiān)守原則；gatherdrysticks拾干柴Don’tstickpinsintothechair.不要把別針插入椅子里。Hestuckthepictureonthewall.他把那幅畫貼到了墻上。Wegatheredsomestickstobuildafire.我們撿了些棍棒來生火。[指點(diǎn)迷津]stick與介詞to連用，意為“堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)守，不放棄”；insistondoingsth.“堅(jiān)持做某事”。Onceadecisionhasbeenmade,allofusshould______it.A.directto B.sticktoC.leadto D.referto解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。direct為及物動(dòng)詞；stickto“堅(jiān)持”，to為介詞；leadto“導(dǎo)致，通向”；referto“談?wù)?，查閱，參考，涉及，指的是”。根?jù)語境應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。答案：BⅡ.短語突破Idon’treallycareforredwine.我其實(shí)并不喜歡紅酒。WhowillcareformewhenIamold?我老了誰來照看我？Shedoesn’tcareaboutmoney.她并不看重錢。[指點(diǎn)迷津]carefor作“喜歡，想要”講，常用于一般疑問句和否定句中?！狧owaboutgoingtothemovies?—Idon’t______movies.A.caremuchfor B.caremuchC.care D.careabout解析：carefor“喜歡，想要”，常用于疑問句或否定句中；careabout“在乎，在意”。答案：A2．inwantof需要，意思同inneedof;wantofsth.(某事物的)缺乏或不足Thehouseisinwantofrepair.這所房子需要修葺。Theplantsdiedfromwantofwater.這些植物因缺水而枯死了。[指點(diǎn)迷津]注意區(qū)分：inwantofsth.和wantofsth.Thecompanyis______alargenumberoflaboratorytechnicians.A.wantof B.inwantC.wanted D.inwantof解析：inwantof同inneedof“需要”；wantof“缺乏或不足”；iswanted是被動(dòng)意思，不合題意；inwant“在貧困之中”。答案：DGoawayandleavemealone!走開，別打擾我！Don’tleaveyourhandbagwhenyouleave.走的時(shí)候別忘帶你的手提包。Iwishtherainwouldleaveoff.我希望雨會(huì)停。[指點(diǎn)迷津]注意動(dòng)詞與不同介詞或副詞搭配表示的具體意思不同。______that______；youmightbreakit.A.Leave;off B.Leave;outC.Leave;alone D.Leave;over解析：leavealone不去打擾，不去動(dòng)它；leaveout“遺漏，省略”；leaveoff“停止，中斷”；leaveover“留下，剩下”。答案：C4．knockdown拆掉(除)；撞倒，擊倒[指點(diǎn)迷津]考生常把knockintosb.和knockagainststh.混淆，注意加以區(qū)分。Thehighbuildingwillbe______tomakewayforthenewroad.A.putdown B.knockeddownC.knockedupagainst D.knockedover解析：句意：為了修新路，高樓要拆除。knockdown“拆除，撞倒，擊落”；knock(up)against“碰撞，同……沖突”；knockover“撞翻”。答案：B5．pilesof一大堆；一大批；一大團(tuán)apileofbooks/plates一堆書/碟子I’vegotpilesofworktodotoday.我今天有一大堆工作要做。Thereisapileofnewspapersonthefloor.地板上有一大堆報(bào)紙。[指點(diǎn)迷津]apileof(pilesof)后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又可接不可數(shù)名詞。Ihave______homeworktodoeveryweekend.A.many B.agreatmanyC.anumber D.pilesof解析：句意：我每個(gè)周末都有一大堆家庭作業(yè)要做。A、B、C都接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而pilesof既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)又可接不可數(shù)名詞。答案：DYouhavetotakealotofrisksifyouwanttosucceedinbusiness.如果你想在生意上取得成功，你就得冒許多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。Theyexperimentedwiththenewmaterials.他們用新材料做的實(shí)驗(yàn)。Wecan’tfallbehindothers.我們不能落后于其他人。[指點(diǎn)迷津]experimentwith后一般跟無生命的植物、原料、藥品等；fallbehind無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Wecan’taffordtofall______ourcompetitorsinusingnewtechnology.A.down B.behindC.off D.over解析：falldown“失敗，不起作用”；fallbehind“落后于”；falloff“跌落，從……掉下來”；fallover“跌倒，倒下”。因此，只有fallbehind符合句意。答案：B[指點(diǎn)迷津]在上述詞組中，要注意word的單復(fù)數(shù)問題。Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn’treachtherequiredstandard—______，youfailed.A.intheendB.afterallC.inotherwordsD.atthesametime解析：本題考查介詞短語作為連接性附加狀語的用法。從題干看，選項(xiàng)之后是對(duì)前面所說內(nèi)容的解釋，inotherwords表示“換句話說，也就是說”，故C為最佳答案。答案：C你看得懂這首詩嗎？Itmakessensetotakecareofyourhealth.注意身體健康是明智的。Youarerightinasense,butyoudon’tknowallthefacts.在某種意義上你是對(duì)的，但你不了解全部事實(shí)。Whatyousaymakesnosense.你說的話沒有道理。[指點(diǎn)迷津]makesense與makenosense為一對(duì)反義詞組。Ihavereadthematerialseveraltimesbutitdoesn’tmakeany______tome.A.meaning B.importanceC.sense D.significance解析：本題主要考查的是makesense短語的意思：“有意義，弄懂……的意思”。根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容，只有本短語符合語境。答案：CⅢ.句型歸納1．I’dratherspendmoretimeonmathsandscience,becauseIthinkthosesubjectsaremoreimportant.我寧愿花更多的時(shí)間在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)上，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為那些科目更重要。該句中spend＋賓語＋on為固定句式，表示“在……上花費(fèi)(時(shí)間，金錢)”。[思維拓展]“花費(fèi)”的表示法：sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth./(in)doingsth.sb.paysomemoneyforsth.sth.take(s)sb.sometimetodosth.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.Itcostssb.somemoneytodosth.[注]cost不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)；其過去式和過去分詞與原形相同。AccordingtoarecentU．S.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek______TV.A.towatch B.towatchingC.watching D.watch解析：該句考查句型：spend...(in)doing;spend后不跟不定式。答案：C2．Thelessanxiousandmorerelaxedthelearner,thebettertheirlanguageacquisitionproceeds.學(xué)習(xí)者越不緊張，越能放松自己，語言習(xí)得的效果越好。the＋比較級(jí)……，the＋比較級(jí)……，表示“越……就越……”比較級(jí)＋比較級(jí)，表示“越來越……”O(jiān)urcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Wehopethatthetelephonechargeswillgetlessandlessexpensive.Whenwinteriscoming,thedaysaregettingshorterandshorter.______youstand,______youwillsee.A.Thehigher;thefartherB.Thefarther;thehigherC.Higher;fartherD.Farther;higher解析：該句表示“站得越高，看得越遠(yuǎn)”，用“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：A3．I’vebeenstudyingEnglishforsolongnow,andIdon’tenjoyitanymore.我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)英語這么長時(shí)間了，我不再喜歡它了。該句中I’vebeenstudyingEnglish使用了現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。[思維拓展]現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“have/hasbeen＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，主要表示現(xiàn)在以前這一段時(shí)間里一直在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能仍在進(jìn)行，也可能剛剛停止。如：MymotherhasbeenteachingEnglishfortwentyyears.我媽媽一直教了20年英語。Theyhavebeenwideningtheroad.他們一直在加寬馬路?！狶ook!Howlong______lik