專題02閱讀理解記敘文沖刺2024年高考英語(yǔ)大題突破限時(shí)集訓(xùn)（新高考專用）

專題02閱讀理解記敘文題型簡(jiǎn)介題型簡(jiǎn)介從命題形式上看，常見(jiàn)的有細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞義猜測(cè)、主旨大意、推理判斷、作者意圖等題型。除了推論或詞義辨識(shí)題，記敘文命題的順序一般都會(huì)按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M(jìn)，否則就會(huì)覺(jué)得別扭，邏輯不通。同時(shí)，記敘文需要事件的發(fā)展過(guò)程作支撐，一半以上的題目都會(huì)用來(lái)檢測(cè)考生對(duì)故事的了解，因此，我們必須弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。而其余像主旨大意、作者意圖之類的題目，則取決于文章的落句，集中考查對(duì)作者所發(fā)的感觸的理解。綜上所述，記敘文的應(yīng)對(duì)策略即：不漏細(xì)節(jié)，奠定基礎(chǔ)；把準(zhǔn)寓意，方能成功。典例在線典例在線（2023年新高考I卷）WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancercausingchemicals?Withtherightbinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneachine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.HealsodesignedaneachinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfrepair.”1．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasfondoftraveling. B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind. D．Helongedtobeadoctor.2．WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A．Tofeedtheanimals. B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants. D．Totesttheeachine.3．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C．TopareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.4．WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A．Naturecanrepairitself. B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse. D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JohnTodd從小就很愛(ài)思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個(gè)生態(tài)機(jī)器，利用自然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來(lái)凈化污水。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(當(dāng)約翰·托德還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他喜歡探索房子周圍的樹(shù)林，觀察大自然是如何解決問(wèn)題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小生物居住的巖石后，往往會(huì)變得清澈。長(zhǎng)大后，約翰開(kāi)始思考這個(gè)過(guò)程是否可以用來(lái)清理人們制造的混亂)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancercausingchemicals?(在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問(wèn)題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細(xì)菌？哪些魚類會(huì)食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？)”可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強(qiáng)。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(幾個(gè)星期后，約翰把污泥加了進(jìn)去)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他對(duì)結(jié)果感到驚訝。生態(tài)機(jī)器里的動(dòng)植物把污泥當(dāng)成了食物，開(kāi)始吃了起來(lái)！幾周之內(nèi)，它就被消化了，只剩下純凈水)”可知，約翰把污泥放進(jìn)罐子里是為了測(cè)試生態(tài)機(jī)器。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.HealsodesignedaneachinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(這些年來(lái)，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作。他開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)類似溫室的設(shè)施，可以處理來(lái)自南伯靈頓1600戶家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計(jì)了一種生態(tài)機(jī)器來(lái)清潔中國(guó)東南部城市福州的運(yùn)河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰想法的應(yīng)用。故選B。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfrepair.(你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會(huì)發(fā)生什么。然后讓這些新系統(tǒng)自行發(fā)展自我修復(fù)的方式)”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A。解題技巧解題技巧1.關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)

記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過(guò)程中的細(xì)節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我們作答細(xì)節(jié)題的時(shí)候，就沒(méi)有那么復(fù)雜，一般只需要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了。

2.注重聯(lián)系

在做題過(guò)程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語(yǔ)或句子。這時(shí)我們需要認(rèn)真研究問(wèn)題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，然后到文中準(zhǔn)確地找到與之相關(guān)的語(yǔ)句，或是疑似語(yǔ)句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索。

3.讀懂表象

如前所述，主旨大意題或推理判斷、作者意圖題等實(shí)際上是同一類型的問(wèn)題，或者說(shuō)是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時(shí)候，不可被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個(gè)可選項(xiàng)中，一個(gè)一個(gè)地去證實(shí)，去排除。

4.挖掘意義

每年的高考閱讀題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測(cè)題。而這些詞匯往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有點(diǎn)頭之交，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在高考詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個(gè)詞，一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，考核的不是你的語(yǔ)法的熟練程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對(duì)文章通篇或者一個(gè)段落的整體把握和變通能力。

變式訓(xùn)練變式訓(xùn)練（2024上·山東濰坊·高三統(tǒng)考期末）Whenmostkidsgotothebeach,they’retoofocusedonmakingsandcastlesandsplashingaroundtonoticelitter,butseveralyearsago,for7yearoldCashDaniels,noticingaplasticstrawsparkedalifelongpassionforsavingtheplanet.Cash,whoisnowknownasthe“conservationkid”,hasalwayslovednature.HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’tsitback.Hestartedwithcleanupsalongtheriver,somethingthatquicklywentfromafamilyaffairtoamunityeffortwithvolunteersandneighbors.In2019,Cash,togetherwithaCanadianconservationist,EllaGalaskiRossen,startedanonprofitcalledtheCleanupKids.Despitelivingindifferentcountries,theymanagedtocreateeducationalvideosontheirYouTubechannel.“WehopetobeareallybignonprofitthateliminatesplasticintheU.S.andCanada,”Cashsaid.“Wewanttoinformkidsandadultsinthelandlockedstatesonhowtheiractionsareconnectedtothewaterandtheocean,”Cashsaid.CashwasselectedasoneofAmerica’stop10youthvolunteersof2021bythePrudentialSpiritofmunityAwards.HealsoearnedthetitleofNationalHonoree,wherehereceiveda$5,000granttogotoanonprofitofhischoice,andhebecamethefirstpersontowintheYouthConservationistAwardtwoyearsinarowfromtheTennesseeWildlifeFederation.“Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheoceanifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,”hesaid.“Thisismyfun,anditbeesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.”1．Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“sitback”inparagraph2?A．Fallasleep. B．Loseheart.C．Turnablindeye. D．Lendahand.2．WhatisthepurposeofstartingtheCleanupKids?A．Torecyclewasteplastics.B．Tomakeinstructivevideos.C．Tospreadmarineknowledge.D．Toappealforoceanprotection.3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCashDaniels?A．Sympatheticanddevoted. B．Initiativeandtalented.C．Ambitiousandhumorous. D．Determinedandmodest.4．WhatdoesCashDanielsstoryimply?A．Passionfuelsdreams.B．Greatmindsthinkalike.C．Helpingothersisofgreatfun.D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講的是CashDaniels熱愛(ài)大自然，他從7歲開(kāi)始就對(duì)保護(hù)地球充滿了熱情，他先從清理河流沿岸開(kāi)始，并將此發(fā)展成一項(xiàng)人們可以廣泛參與的活動(dòng)。他被評(píng)選為2021年美國(guó)十大青年志愿者之一。1．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段劃線詞之前“HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’t(畢竟，他是在Chattanooga河邊釣魚長(zhǎng)大的！但當(dāng)他了解到80%來(lái)自陸地和河流的垃圾最終都進(jìn)入了海洋后，他就不能再這么做了)”以及第三段開(kāi)頭“Hestartedwithcleanupsalongtheriver,somethingthatquicklywentfromafamilyaffairtoamunityeffortwithvolunteersandneighbors.(他從清理河流開(kāi)始，這件事很快就從家庭事務(wù)變成了志愿者和鄰居的社區(qū)努力。)”可知當(dāng)CashDaniels看到了解到80%來(lái)自陸地和河流的垃圾最終都進(jìn)入了海洋以后，他開(kāi)始對(duì)河流岸邊的垃圾進(jìn)行了清理，最終這件事成為了人們可以廣泛參與的活動(dòng)，由此可以推測(cè)CashDaniels對(duì)于最終都進(jìn)入了海洋的垃圾沒(méi)有置之不理，而是采取了積極的行動(dòng)，所以劃線詞的意思與C項(xiàng)Turnablindeye(視而不見(jiàn))意思相近，故選C項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Wewanttoinformkidsandadultsinthelandlockedstatesonhowtheiractionsareconnectedtothewaterandtheocean,”Cashsaid.(卡什說(shuō)：“我們想讓內(nèi)陸各州的孩子和成年人了解他們的行為與水和海洋的關(guān)系。”)”可知theCleanupKids的目的是讓內(nèi)陸各州的孩子和成年人了解他們的行為與水和海洋的關(guān)系，即呼吁人們保護(hù)海洋。故選D項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Cash,whoisnowknownasthe“conservationkid”,hasalwayslovednature.HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’tsitback.(Cash現(xiàn)在被稱為“環(huán)保孩子”，他一直熱愛(ài)大自然。畢竟，他是在Chattanooga河邊釣魚長(zhǎng)大的！但當(dāng)他了解到80%來(lái)自陸地和河流的垃圾最終進(jìn)入海洋時(shí)，他不能坐視不管。)”可知Cash熱愛(ài)大自然，關(guān)心環(huán)境，所以他是富有同情心的，根據(jù)文章最后一段““Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheoceanifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,”hesaid.“Thisismyfun,anditbeesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.”(“我想環(huán)游世界，教別人，幫助他們感受到與海洋的聯(lián)系。因?yàn)槿绻愫秃Ｑ笥新?lián)系——如果你愛(ài)它和它的生物——你就會(huì)想要保護(hù)它，”他說(shuō)。“這是我的樂(lè)趣，隨著每一個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)，它變得更加有趣。”)”可知Cash想要環(huán)游世界，教育別人，幫助他們感受到與海洋的聯(lián)系，所以他是有奉獻(xiàn)精神的，故選A項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenmostkidsgotothebeach,they’retoofocusedonmakingsandcastlesandsplashingaroundtonoticelitter,butseveralyearsago,for7yearoldCashDaniels,noticingaplasticstrawsparkedalifelongpassionforsavingtheplanet.(當(dāng)大多數(shù)孩子去海灘時(shí)，他們太專注于堆沙堡和濺水，而沒(méi)有注意到垃圾，但幾年前，對(duì)7歲的Cash來(lái)說(shuō)，注意到一根塑料吸管激發(fā)了他畢生拯救地球的熱情。)”以及文章最后一段““Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheoceanifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,”hesaid.“Thisismyfun,anditbeesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.”(“我想環(huán)游世界，教別人，幫助他們感受到與海洋的聯(lián)系。因?yàn)槿绻愫秃Ｑ笥新?lián)系——如果你愛(ài)它和它的生物——你就會(huì)想要保護(hù)它，”他說(shuō)?！斑@是我的樂(lè)趣，隨著每一個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)，它變得更加有趣?！?”以及其他段落的內(nèi)容可知一根塑料吸管激發(fā)了Cash拯救地球的熱情而這種熱情進(jìn)而轉(zhuǎn)化成了他的夢(mèng)想，所以Cash的故事暗示了激情可以點(diǎn)燃?jí)粝搿９蔬xA項(xiàng)。刷模擬刷模擬（2023·浙江金華·浙江省義烏中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Likemanyotherfiveyearolds,JeanieLowofHouston,Texas,woulduseastool(凳子)tohelpherreachthebathroomsink.However,theplasticstepstoolshehadathomewasunstableandmessedupthesmallbathroomsharedbyherwholefamily.Afterlearningofaninventioncontestheldbyherschoolthatyear,Jeanieresolvedtoenterthecontestbycreatingastoolthatwouldbeapermanentfixtureinthebathroom,andyetcouldbekeptoutofthewaywhennotinuse.Jeaniedecidedtomakeastoolattachedtothebathroomcabinetdoorunderthesink.Shecutaboardofwoodintotwopieces,eachabouttwofeetwideandonefootlong.Usingmetalhinges(鉸鏈),Jeanieattachedonepieceofthewoodtothefrontofthecabinetdoor,andthesecondpiecetothefirst.Thefirstpiecewassetjusthighenoughsothatwhenitswungouthorizontallyfromthecabinetdoor,thesecondpiecewouldswingdownfromthefirst,justtouchingtheground,andsoservingasasupportforthefirstpieceofthewood.Thiscreatedaconvenient,strongplatformforanypersontooshorttoreachthesink.Whennotinuse,thehingesallowedthetwopiecesofwoodtofoldbackuptightlyagainstthecabinet,wheretheywereheldinplacebymagnets(磁鐵).Jeaniecalledherinvention“theKiddieStool”.Jeanie’sKiddieStoolwonfirstplaceinherschool’scontest.Twoyearslater,itwasawardedfirstprizeagainatHouston’sfirstannualInventionFair.Asaresult,JeaniewasinvitedtomakeanumberofpublicappearanceswithherKiddieStool,andwasfeaturedonlocalTVaswellasinnewspapers.ManypeoplefoundthestoryoftheKiddieStoolinspiringbecauseitshowedthatwithapairofobservanteyes,anyonecanbeaninventor.1．Accordingtothepassage,whydidJeanieLowinventtheKiddieStool?A．Manyotherfiveyearoldshadproblemsreachingthebathroomsink.B．Shedidnotthinkthatplasticstoolsweretallenoughforher.C．Thestoolinherbathroomwasnotfirmandoftengotintheway.D．Shewasinvitedtoenteraninventioncontestheldbyherschool.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouthowtheKiddieStoolworks?A．Theplatformissupportedbytwometalhinges.B．Itswingsfromlefttorighttobeattachedtothecabinetdoor.C．Ituseshingesandmagnetstokeepthewoodenpiecesinplace.D．TheKiddieStoolwillswingoutonlywhenthecabinetdooropens.3．WhatarethecharacteristicsofJeanie’sKiddieStool?A．Permanentandfoldable. B．Fragileanddisposable.C．Conventionalandportable. D．Convenientandrecyclable.4．Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?A．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B．Necessityisthemotherofinvention.C．Geniusis1%inspirationand99%perspiration.D．Inventionrequiresbothdisciplinesandwildimagination.【答案】1．C2．C3．A4．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了5歲的珍妮發(fā)明了一款幫助小孩子能夠得著洗手盆的踏腳凳的故事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,theplasticstepstoolshehadathomewasunstableandmessedupthesmallbathroomsharedbyherwholefamily.(然而，她家里的塑料腳凳不穩(wěn)定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了)”可知，珍妮想要發(fā)明踏腳凳的原因是，塑料凳子不穩(wěn)定，還經(jīng)常礙事。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whennotinuse,thehingesallowedthetwopiecesofwoodtofoldbackuptightlyagainstthecabinet,wheretheywereheldinplacebymagnets(磁鐵).(不使用時(shí)，鉸鏈可以使兩塊木頭緊緊地靠在櫥柜上折疊起來(lái)，并用磁鐵將它們固定在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?”可知，珍妮發(fā)明的踏腳凳使用了鉸鏈和磁鐵固定。故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Jeanieresolvedtoenterthecontestbycreatingastoolthatwouldbeapermanentfixtureinthebathroom,andyetcouldbekeptoutofthewaywhennotinuse.(珍妮決定參加競(jìng)賽，她制作了一種凳子，這種凳子將是浴室里的永久固定裝置，但不用時(shí)可以擋住)”和第二段中的“Thiscreatedaconvenient,strongplatformforanypersontooshorttoreachthesink.Whennotinuse,thehingesallowedthetwopiecesofwoodtofoldbackuptightlyagainstthecabinet,wheretheywereheldinplacebymagnets(磁鐵).(這為任何太矮而無(wú)法夠得水槽的人創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)方便、堅(jiān)固的平臺(tái)。不使用時(shí)，鉸鏈可以讓兩塊木頭緊緊地靠在櫥柜上折疊起來(lái)，并用磁鐵固定)”可知，珍妮發(fā)明的腳踏凳具有永久和可折疊的特性。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Likemanyotherfiveyearolds,JeanieLowofHouston,Texas,woulduseastool(凳子)tohelpherreachthebathroomsink.However,theplasticstepstoolshehadathomewasunstableandmessedupthesmallbathroomsharedbyherwholefamily.Afterlearningofaninventioncontestheldbyherschoolthatyear,Jeanieresolvedtoenterthecontestbycreatingastoolthatwouldbeapermanentfixtureinthebathroom,andyetcouldbekeptoutofthewaywhennotinuse.(像許多其他五歲的孩子一樣，德克薩斯州休斯頓的珍妮·洛會(huì)用凳子幫她夠浴室的水槽。然而，她家里的塑料腳凳不穩(wěn)定，把全家共用的小浴室搞砸了。在得知學(xué)校當(dāng)年舉辦的一場(chǎng)發(fā)明競(jìng)賽后，珍妮決定參加競(jìng)賽，她制作了一種凳子，這種凳子將是浴室里的永久固定裝置，但不用時(shí)可以擋住)”可知，通過(guò)珍妮的故事我們可以知道，發(fā)明來(lái)源于我們的需求。故選B。（2023·山東·統(tǒng)考一模）Tylerhadbrokenhisarminabicycleaccident.AcarknockedTylerdownwhenitcameoutofasidestreetwithoutstopping.Theaccidenthappenedbecausetherewasnostopsignatthecornerandthecardidn’tstop.SoTylerdecidedtotrytogetthecitytoputupastopsign.First,Tylerwroteapetition(請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?tohaveastopsignputupwithhisparents’help.Then,Tylerandhisparentsaskedtheirneighbors,friends,teachers,classmates...almosteveryonetheyknewtosignthepetition.Soon,therewerehundredsofnamesonthepetition.Tyleralsogotsomeinformationaboutotheraccidentsatthesamecornerwherehehadhadhisownaccident.Ifhecouldshowthecitythatitwasadangerouscorner,theymightputupastopsignthere.Hehopedthatthisinformationandhispetitionwouldwork.Whenthepetitionwasready,Tylerandhisparentswenttoameetingofthecitycouncil(政務(wù)委員會(huì)).Theybroughtalongthepetitionandtheotherinformation.Afteralongwait,Tylergotachancetotellwhathadhappenedtohim.Hetoldthestoryofthebicycleaccidentandexplainedhisidea.Iftherewereastopsignatthecornerwheretheaccidenthappened,otherkidswouldbesafer.Afterthat,Tylerreadthepetitionoutloud.Then,hehandeditandtheotherinformationtothecouncil.Thecitycouncilagreedtoconsidertherequestandmakeadecisionbeforetheirnextmeeting.Thenextmonth,Tylerandhisparentsattendedanothermeetingofthecitycouncil.Theheadofthecitycouncilannouncedthatthecityhaddecidedtoagreetothepetition!TherewouldbeastopsignatthecornerwhereTylerhadhisaccident.Nowotherkidswouldbesaferwhentheyrodetheirbikes.5．WhydidTylerhavethebicycleaccidentatthecorner?A．Tylerroderathertoofast. B．Therewasnostopsign.C．Thecarrantheredlight. D．Thestreetwascrowded.6．WhatwasthefirstthingTylerdidtohaveastopsignputupatthecorner?A．Hefoundoutaboutotheraccidents.B．Heexplainedhisideatohisneighbors.C．Hewroteapetitionforthestopsign.D．Heattendedameetingofthecitycouncil.7．Whendidthecitycouncilagreetothepetition?A．AssoonasTylerhandedit. B．AfterTyler’sparentshandeditagain.C．Afteraboutasixmonthwait. D．NearlyamonthafterTylerhandedit.8．Howwouldtheotherkidsprobablyfeelwhenthenewstopsignwasputup?A．Thankful. B．Nervous. C．Embarrassed. D．Proud.9．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Itisdangerousforpeopletoridebikesinthestreet.B．Onlyadultshavetheresponsibilitytopresentapetition.C．Kidscanplayaroleinmakingtheirneighborhoodsbetter,D．Stopsignsaresupposedtobeputupateverystreetcorner.【答案】5．B6．C7．D8．A9．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇記敘文。全文講述了泰勒遭遇事故，并發(fā)起請(qǐng)?jiān)?，促使政府做出改變的故事?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theaccidenthappenedbecausetherewasnostopsignatthecornerandthecardidn’tstop.（事故發(fā)生是因?yàn)楣战翘帥](méi)有停車標(biāo)志，汽車沒(méi)有停下來(lái)）”可知事故原因是沒(méi)有停車標(biāo)志。故選B.6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“First,Tylerwroteapetitiontohaveastopsignputupwithhisparents’help.（首先，泰勒在他父母的幫助下寫了一份請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?，要求設(shè)置停車標(biāo)志。）”可知她做得第一件事是寫請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?。故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenextmonth,Tylerandhisparentsattendedanothermeetingofthecitycouncil.Theheadofthecitycouncilannouncedthatthecityhaddecidedtoagreetothepetition!（下個(gè)月，泰勒和他的父母參加了市議會(huì)的另一次會(huì)議。市議會(huì)主席宣布市政府決定同意請(qǐng)?jiān)笗笨芍窃谒峤徽?qǐng)?jiān)笗粋€(gè)月之后，議會(huì)同意了她的請(qǐng)求。故選D。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nowotherkidswouldbesaferwhentheyrodetheirbikes.（現(xiàn)在其他孩子騎自行車時(shí)會(huì)更安全）”可判斷其他孩子對(duì)這件事感到高興與感激。故選A。9．推理判斷題。全文講述了泰勒遭遇事故，并發(fā)起請(qǐng)?jiān)?，促使政府做出改變的故事?？梢耘袛嗪⒆右部梢宰屔鐓^(qū)變得更加美好。故選C。（2024·廣東佛山·統(tǒng)考一模）75yearoldhiphop(街舞)grandmaStephanieWalshhasgainedworldwideattentionwithherintensedancemovesandincredibleenergy.Betterknownas“Ms.Stephanie”online,WalshhasbeenfeaturedonsocialmediaaccountswithsomevideosdrawingmorethanIImillionpeopletowatch.Walshbelievesthevideosgainedpopularitybecausesheis75.“It’sbecauseI’masenior,”saidWalsh.“Youdon’tusuallyseesomeonemyagedoinghiphopandmovinglikethat.”Butactually,it’smorethanthat.Justasherprofileclaims,Walsh’svideosare“inspiringtheworldtodancelikenooneiswatching.”“Danceisn’tjustyourbody,it’swhatyou’refeelinginsideaboutthedanceandit’swhatesouthereinyourface,”Walshsaid.“WhatIwanttoputthroughmymovementishowmuchfunitisandhowmuchjoyitgivesyou.”Fromayoungage,Walshlovedtodancebutherfamilydidn’thavethemoneyforclasses.Whenshewasnearly30,shegotherdaughterballetlessons,whichherdaughterhated.So,shetookherdaughteroutandstartedclassesherselfrightaway.Walshbelievesherlifelongpassionfordanceiswhatmotivateshertoday.“Everybodyhastohaveapassionintheirlife,”shesaid.“It’slikethatsaying,‘Alifewithoutpassionisalifehalflived.’Ibelievethat.”Walshdancesforfunandfitness,butalsofortherapy(心理治療).Shestruggledthroughcountlesshardships,andshehasmorethanenoughreasonstokeepherdown.Buttheydon’t.Sheturnstoherfaith,herfriendsandofcourse,dance,toshineasaninspirationtothosearoundher.Gilbert,oneofWalsh’sfollowers,sayssheinspireshimeveryday.“She’sabeautifulsoulwhoteachesmethatitdoesn’tmatteraboutyourageoryoursize.Aslongasyoufeelgood,that’sallthatmatters,”saysGilbert.“IamtrulythankfulthatWalshisteachingmeattheageof32tolivemylifefullandstopbeingsoscared.”10．WhatmotivatesWalshtodohiphop?A．Itsgreatsocialbenefit. B．Itsgrowingpopularity.C．Herenthusiasmfordance. D．Herhungerforreputation.11．Whatcontributestohervideos’popularityaccordingtoWalsh?A．Heradvancedage. B．Hersmoothmoves.C．Herendlessenergy. D．Herconfidentclaim.12．WhatwillWalsh’sstoryprobablyinspireGilberttodo?A．Beactiveinsocialmedia.B．Setagoodexampletoothers.C．Takefulladvantageofhistalent.D．Adoptapositiveapproachtolife.13．Whichisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．OptimisticAboutLife:TheWaytoSurviveB．ForeverYounginDance:AnInspiringFigureC．EmbracingSocialMedia:TheKeytoSuccessD．DancingwiththeYoung:AnAmazingJourney【答案】10．C11．A12．D13．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了75歲的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃爾什以其激烈的舞蹈動(dòng)作和令人難以置信的能量贏得了全世界的關(guān)注，鼓舞了大家的故事。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段中“Walshbelievesherlifelongpassionfordanceiswhatmotivateshertoday.(沃爾什認(rèn)為，她一生對(duì)舞蹈的熱情是她今天的動(dòng)力)”可知，她對(duì)舞蹈的熱情促使她跳這種舞。故選C。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Walshbelievesthevideosgainedpopularitybecausesheis75.(沃爾什認(rèn)為，這些視頻之所以受歡迎，是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)75歲了)”可知，她認(rèn)為讓她的視頻大受歡迎的原因是她的高齡。故選A。12．推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Gilbert,oneofWalsh’sfollowers,sayssheinspireshimeveryday.“She’sabeautifulsoulwhoteachesmethatitdoesn’tmatteraboutyourageoryoursize.Aslongasyoufeelgood,that’sallthatmatters,”saysGilbert.

“IamtrulythankfulthatWalshisteachingmeattheageof32tolivemylifefullandstopbeingsoscared.”(吉爾伯特是沃爾什的追隨者之一，他說(shuō)沃爾什每天都在激勵(lì)他?！八且粋€(gè)美麗的靈魂，她教會(huì)了我，年齡和身材都無(wú)關(guān)緊要。只要你感覺(jué)良好，那才是最重要的，”吉爾伯特說(shuō)?！拔艺娴暮芨屑の譅柺苍谖?2歲的時(shí)候教會(huì)我充實(shí)地生活，不要再害怕了?！?”可推知，沃爾什的故事可能會(huì)激勵(lì)吉爾伯特對(duì)生活采取積極的態(tài)度，不再害怕了。故選D。13．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“75yearoldhiphop(街舞)grandmaStephanieWalshhasgainedworldwideattentionwithherintensedancemovesandincredibleenergy.

Betterknownas“Ms.Stephanie”online,WalshhasbeenfeaturedonsocialmediaaccountswithsomevideosdrawingmorethanIImillionpeopletowatch.(75歲的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃爾什以其激烈的舞蹈動(dòng)作和令人難以置信的能量贏得了全世界的關(guān)注。沃爾什在網(wǎng)上更廣為人知的名字是“斯蒂芬妮女士”，她在社交媒體上的一些視頻吸引了200多萬(wàn)人觀看)”可知，文章主要介紹了75歲的街舞奶奶斯蒂芬妮·沃爾什以其激烈的舞蹈動(dòng)作和令人難以置信的能量贏得了全世界的關(guān)注，鼓舞了大家。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“ForeverYounginDance:AnInspiringFigure(永遠(yuǎn)年輕的舞蹈：一個(gè)鼓舞人心的人物)”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。（2024·浙江杭州·學(xué)軍中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）I’mawalker,logginganaverageof9000stepsadayseveraltimesaweekaroundmyneighborhood.OnrecenttripstoCopenhagenandStockholm,Inoticedtall,fitScandinavians(斯堪法尼亞人)walkingalongoncitystreetswithpoles,asiftheywerecrosscountryskiingwithoutanysnow.Itwasasurprisetolearnthattheadditionofthepolesmakesitamorevigorous,fullbodyexercisethansimplywalking–and,asa76yearoldlookingtostayhealthywhileenjoyingtheoutdoors,Idecidedtogiveitatry.There’splentyofhelponlineforthenewNordic(北歐的)walker:standtall,swingyourarmsoutasiftoshakehands,andplantyourpoleswithvigour.Thenthere’sthelittlematterofthestrap(帶子)onthepole.Thisallowsthewalkertogripthepolewhenthrustingforwardandthenrelaxthathandastheotherhandpushesforward–askillofcoordinationthatbuildsstrongermuscles.Forawarmup,Istartedslow:Nordicwalkingdownthehallthatextendsfrommyfrontdoortothedeck.Keepingbalancewasn’tmyonlyproblem.Thenoveluseofmyarmsandupperbodywassurprisinglydemanding.Afterhalfanhour,myheartwaspoundingandIwassweating,butIstillwasn’tmuchgood.Still,Icarriedonbecausethere’snoarguingwiththeexercise’sbenefits.Nordicwalkers’upperbodyexerciseincreasestheirheartratesignificantlymorethanwalkingwithoutpoles.AndaccordingtocardiologistDrAaronBaggish,withpoles“you’reengaging80to90percentofyourmuscles.”ItalsohelpspeoplewithParkinson’s,saysBurrill.“Weputpolesintheirhandsandit’samazingbecausetheystartwalkingwithrealrhythm.”AfterafewclumsydaysofbeingconvincedIwouldneversucceed,suddenlyeverythingclicked.NotonlywasIabletocoordinatethemovements,Iwasawarethatmyheart,armsandcoreweregettingaworkout.NordicwalkingisaformofexerciseIexpecttoenjoyforyearstoe.14．WhatinspiredthewritertotryNordicwalking?A．Enjoyingtheoutdoorskiing. B．ObservingScandinavianswalking.C．Gettingtiredofsimplewalking. D．Fancyingahealthylifestyle.15．WhatwasthemainchallengefortheauthorduringtheinitialstagesofNordicwalking?A．Buildingstrongmuscleinthearms.B．Usingarmsandupperbodyharmoniously.C．Sweatingwithheartpounding.D．Feelingdiscouragedforlackofprogress.16．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningpeoplewithParkinson’s?A．ThegreatbenefitsofNordicwalking. B．ThewidepracticeofNordicwalking.C．TheurgencytopromoteNordicwalking. D．ThepromisingfutureofNordicwalking.17．Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthispassage?A．TopersuadereaderstotryNordicwalkingforfun.B．Tosharetheexperienceoftryinganewfitnessactivity.C．ToemphasizethegreatdifficultiesofNordicwalking.D．TopareNordicwalkingwithsimplewalking.【答案】14．B15．B16．A17．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者嘗試新健身活動(dòng)——北歐式健走的體驗(yàn)以及其益處。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章一段中“OnrecenttripstoCopenhagenandStockholm,Inoticedtall,fitScandinavians(斯堪法尼亞人)walkingalongoncitystreetswithpoles,asiftheywerecrosscountryskiingwithoutanysnow.(在最近的哥本哈根和斯德哥爾摩之行中，我注意到高大、健康的斯堪法尼亞人拄著桿子走在城市的街道上，就好像他們?cè)谶M(jìn)行沒(méi)有雪的越野滑雪。)”以及第二段“Itwasasurprisetolearnthattheadditionofthepolesmakesitamorevigorous,fullbodyexercisethansimplywalking–and,asa76yearoldlookingtostayhealthywhileenjoyingtheoutdoors,Idecidedtogiveitatry.(令人驚訝的是，桿的加入使它成為一種比簡(jiǎn)單步行更有力的全身運(yùn)動(dòng)——作為一個(gè)76歲的老人，我希望在享受戶外活動(dòng)的同時(shí)保持健康，我決定試一試。)”可知，觀察斯堪法尼亞人拄著兩根手杖行走激發(fā)了作者嘗試這種新健身活動(dòng)的靈感。故選B。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Thenoveluseofmyarmsandupperbodywassurprisinglydemanding.(我的手臂和上半身的新穎運(yùn)用要求很高。)”可知，在行走的最初階段，作者面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)是手臂與上身協(xié)調(diào)使用。故選B。16．推理判斷題。由文章第五段中“Still,Icarriedonbecausethere’snoarguingwiththeexercise’sbenefits.(盡管如此，我還是堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)，因?yàn)檫@種鍛煉的好處是毋庸置疑的。)”以及“ItalsohelpspeoplewithParkinson’s,saysBurrill.

“Weputpolesintheirhandsandit’samazingbecausetheystartwalkingwithrealrhythm.”(伯里爾說(shuō)，它還能幫助帕金森癥患者?！覀儼褩U子放在他們手中，這很神奇，因?yàn)樗麄冮_(kāi)始有節(jié)奏地走路了?！?”可知，作者想通過(guò)提到帕金森氏癥患者來(lái)展示這種運(yùn)動(dòng)的巨大好處。故選A。17．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Itwasasurprisetolearnthattheadditionofthepolesmakesitamorevigorous,fullbodyexercisethansimplywalking–and,asa76yearoldlookingtostayhealthywhileenjoyingtheoutdoors,Idecidedtogiveitatry.(我很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，增加桿子比單純的步行更有活力，更能鍛煉全身——作為一個(gè)76歲的人，我希望在享受戶外活動(dòng)的同時(shí)保持健康，所以我決定試一試。)”可知，文章主要介紹了作者嘗試新健身活動(dòng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選B。（2024·河北邢臺(tái)·寧晉中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）Duringmygraduatestudies,countlessworkshopstaughtmeonething:Tomakeitinscience,onemustdesignandcarryoutbigprojects.AsIestablishedmyownresearchlab,aseniorcolleagueencouragedmetotrysomethingbig.SowhenIlandedanassociateprofessorposition,mygoalseemedobvious:Ishouldperformbigprojects.Thiswastheonlyw