Unit1 Starting out and Using language 詞匯精講課堂

版本：新外研單元：必修Book1Unit1(Startingout—Usinglanguage)詞匯課堂本單元詞匯梳理1.senior/junior：詞塊senior/juniorhighschool2.curious：詞塊becuriousabout；派生詞curiosity3.impress：im-(in向內(nèi))+press(按壓)→向內(nèi)壓

詞族impress—impressed—impression—impressionist—impressive;impression詞塊：leave/makeagood/deepimpressiononsb;leavesbwithagood/deepimpression4.tradition：派生詞traditional5.facility：常用復(fù)數(shù)6.moment：常用詞塊fromthatmomenton,therightmoment,(at)thelastmoment,atthemoment,foramoment,forthemoment,inamoment,themoment(that)7.author：同義詞writer8.eagerness：構(gòu)詞法eager+-ness9.explore：詞族e(cuò)xplore—explorer—exploration10.engine：詞塊asearchengine,afireengine；派生詞engineer11.collection：構(gòu)詞法collect+-tion詞塊acollectionofshortstories,astampcollection,acollectionof80000books;collect詞族：collect—collection—collector12.organize：organ(器官、組織)+-ize(使……化)，使有組織化

詞族organ—organize—organized—organizer—organization13.breathe：詞塊breathein/outbreath：詞族breath—breathe—breathing14.panic：詞源：源自希臘神話中令人驚恐的牧羊神潘Pan的名字。傳說中他長相奇特，上半身是人，下半身是羊。潘有一種奇特的本領(lǐng)，就是嚇唬人。他常常躲在隱蔽處，驀地跳出，用丑陋的面目把旅行者嚇得魂不附體。他還會(huì)發(fā)出怪異的叫聲，令人感到毛骨悚然，膽戰(zhàn)心驚。這種恐懼感就稱為

“潘神之懼”（Panicfear）。英語單詞panic就源自“潘神之懼”，原本是個(gè)形容詞，后來逐漸變成名詞和動(dòng)詞；詞塊：inpanic15.challenge：詞源義—貶義的挑刺到褒義的挑戰(zhàn)；

詞塊face/meet/risetothechallenge,takeon/takeupthechallenge,solve/overcomethechallenge16.pressure：構(gòu)詞法press+-ure詞塊bloodpressure,underpressure,putpressureonsb17.calm：詞塊keep/staycalm;calmdown18.description：詞塊giveadescriptionof=describebeyonddescription19.confident：詞源con-(together共同)+-fid-(trust信任)

+-ent詞族confident—confidently—confidence;詞塊beconfidentabout/of/that從句

20.

badminton：詞源：原本是個(gè)地名，是英國DukeofBeaufortBadminton莊園。當(dāng)時(shí)的莊園主人改造了網(wǎng)球球拍，并在莊園中用其招待賓客。因此，羽毛球這種運(yùn)動(dòng)迅速在英國發(fā)展起來。由于它起源于badminton莊園，所以人們把它稱作badminton。21.drama戲comedy喜劇opera歌劇tragedy悲劇theatre戲劇22.band：詞源義是“用來捆扎的細(xì)帶子”，但現(xiàn)在常用的是它在各領(lǐng)域的衍生含義，最常見的就是“樂隊(duì)”（結(jié)合到一起的團(tuán)隊(duì)）。

band—bandage（繃帶）；band-aid邦迪23.debate：de-+bat,詞源同beat，用語言擊打?qū)Ψ剑?/p>

詞塊afierce/heateddebateabout/on/over24.piano：詞塊playthepiano；派生詞pianist25.photography：構(gòu)詞法photo光+-graph-寫,畫+-y名詞詞尾;

同根詞autograph,biography,calligraphy,geography,paragraph26.inner：反義詞outer27.argue：詞塊arguewithsbabout/oversth=haveanargumentwithsbabout/oversth;

熟詞生義：論證(arguefor/against;arguethat)28.sharp—sharply—sharpen；一詞多義，基本義“尖的”29.intelligent：派生詞intelligence

近義詞smart,clever,brilliant,bright30.various：variouskindsof=differentkindsof31.volunteer：名詞動(dòng)詞化，volunteertodosth32.gain：詞塊gainconfidence/weight;nopain,nogain.33.apply：詞塊applyforajob,applytouniversity,applytosb,applysunscreen,applyoneselfto;

詞族：apply—applicant—application34.schedule：在英式英語中，schedule指工作計(jì)劃、日程安排，timetable指時(shí)間表、時(shí)刻表。在美式英語中，工作計(jì)劃、日程安排、時(shí)間表、時(shí)刻表都用schedule；

詞塊aheadof/on/behindschedule;名詞動(dòng)詞化：asscheduled,schedulesb/sthtodosthchallengeconfident&confidenceapply重難點(diǎn)詞精講搭配義英語釋義一詞多義moment搭配義calmorganise一詞多義辨析義gainarguesharp一詞多義一詞多義schedule搭配義熟詞生義moment根據(jù)騰訊官方的翻譯，朋友圈的英文竟然不是FriendsCircle。朋友圈竟然沒有“朋友”，它是另外一個(gè)單詞，就是moments。為什么朋友圈叫Moments呢？微信朋友圈的功能，不就是分享自己的和看看別人的“片刻”和“瞬間”，所以就是很多個(gè)moment，自然就是moments。moment

某一時(shí)刻

aparticularpointintime：atthis/thatmomentfromthatmomentonThebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal.2014北京

片刻；瞬間

averyshortperiodoftime：CouldIuseyourcomputerforafewmoments,please?

時(shí)機(jī)

aparticulartimefordoingsth：I’mwaitingfortherightmomenttotellhimthebadnews.

moment的詞源義是“運(yùn)動(dòng)、移動(dòng)”(tomove)，詞義引申為“片刻、瞬間”。事物的不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)造成事物的不斷變化，從而有了“瞬間、轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝”的說法。(at)anymoment(now)馬上；立刻：Hurryup!He’llbebackanymomentnow.(at)thelastmoment（在）最后一刻：Theychangedtheplansatthelastmoment.atthemoment此刻；目前：I’mterriblybusyatthemoment.foramoment片刻；一會(huì)兒：Hewassilentforamoment.forthemoment暫時(shí)；目前(forthepresent)：I’mnotveryhappyatwork,butI’llstaythereforthemoment.詞塊搭配inamoment馬上；立即：I’llbereadyinamoment.onemoment…thenext一會(huì)兒……過一會(huì)兒：Onemomentitwasquietandcalmintheforest,thenext,theairwaschargedwithtension.2014重慶themoment(that)［引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，相當(dāng)于連詞assoonas］一……（就……）：Alishafellasleepthemomentshegotintobed.organize/organise來自organ，運(yùn)行、器官、組織機(jī)構(gòu)；-ize：使，即使有組織運(yùn)行，引申詞義“組織；安排”。organorganise器官使……有組織化組織organisation使役動(dòng)詞后綴-ize/-ise：

modernmodernize/modernise使現(xiàn)代化real

realize/realise使……成為現(xiàn)實(shí)-ize/ise后綴意為“使具有某種特性”；通常加在名詞或形容詞后。national使國有化nationalize/nationalise

vt組織；籌備

toplananevent,activity,etc.：Iknewnothingaboutorganizinganybigevent.

2012天津

vt

整理；分配toputorarrangethingsintoasystemorlogicalorder：Whenwritinganarticle,weshouldreadthetopiccarefullyandorganizeourideas.2009福建改

vorganize/organiseorganise語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)組織organise基本義“組織”活動(dòng)“組織”想法、時(shí)間等，使之有序組織；籌備整理；分配

organized/organised

[只用于名詞前]

有組織的；有安排的：Iwanttoworkwithawellorganizedteam.

有序的；有條理的：averyorganizedperson【詞匯拓展】

organizer/organisern[C]組織者

organisation/organization

n

[C]組織；團(tuán)體；機(jī)構(gòu)form/setupaninternationalorganizationtheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)

[U]組織工作(planning)：Heisengagedintheorganizationofanewclub.【文化拓展】希波克拉底（古希臘文：?πποκρ?τη?，前460年——前370年）為古希臘伯里克利時(shí)代的醫(yī)師，被西方尊為“醫(yī)學(xué)之父”，西方醫(yī)學(xué)奠基人。為了抵制“神賜疾病”的謬說，希波克拉底積極探索人的肌體特征和疾病的成因，提出了著名的“體液學(xué)說”。那時(shí)，尸體解剖為宗教與習(xí)俗所禁止，希波克拉底勇敢地沖破禁令，秘密進(jìn)行了人體解剖，獲得了許多關(guān)于人體結(jié)構(gòu)的知識(shí)。《希波克拉底誓言》是希波克拉底警誡人類的古希臘職業(yè)道德的圣典，他向醫(yī)學(xué)界發(fā)出的行業(yè)道德倡議書，是從醫(yī)人員入學(xué)第一課要學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容，也是全社會(huì)所有職業(yè)人員言行自律的要求。身邊的challenge在美國，如果開車吃到罰單，但是覺得罰單開的不合理，可以向法庭申訴?！癥ourHonor,Iwanttochallengetheticket.閣下，我對(duì)這張罰單有異議?！笔欠ㄍド项愃瓢讣某Ｓ谜Z。網(wǎng)球比賽中，運(yùn)動(dòng)員要求鷹眼回放會(huì)說“challenge”，主裁要根據(jù)運(yùn)動(dòng)員挑戰(zhàn)的線做出呼報(bào)“Ms.Zhouischallengingthecallontheright/left/BaseLine,theballwascalledIN/OUT”?；胤乓院?，主裁會(huì)宣布運(yùn)動(dòng)員還有幾次挑戰(zhàn)機(jī)會(huì)Ms.Zhouhastwo

challengesremaining”2014年由美國波士頓學(xué)院(BOSTONCOLLEGE)前棒球選手發(fā)起的ALS冰桶挑戰(zhàn)賽(IceBucketChallenge)風(fēng)靡全球。各界知名人士紛紛濕身挑戰(zhàn)，旨在喚起公眾對(duì)于“漸凍癥”(肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥，ALS)的關(guān)注。其中，“挑戰(zhàn)”是challenge的常用義。challenge■

vt

向……挑戰(zhàn)；邀請(qǐng)……比賽：challengesb(tosth):Ichallengedhimtoagameofchess.

對(duì)……質(zhì)疑toquestionwhethersthisright,legal,etc.：challengeaview

考驗(yàn)……的能力totestsb’sabilityandskills：Thejobdoesn’treallychallengeher.■

n[C]&[U]挑戰(zhàn)；具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)下戰(zhàn)書mountthrowdown面臨挑戰(zhàn)迎接挑戰(zhàn)facemeet/riseto喜歡挑戰(zhàn)接受挑戰(zhàn)enjoy/welcomeaccept/takeon/takeup戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)overcome/solvechallengechallenging

adj

有挑戰(zhàn)性的：Challengingastheactivitywas,everyoneenjoyeditandalltheparticipantsbenefitedalotfromit.2020山東寫作方向：Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbedifficult.challenging的語用輸出價(jià)值很高詞匯拓展

(challenging)calm話說在這個(gè)讓人越來越不能淡定的時(shí)代，“淡定”這個(gè)詞卻滿天飛——于是我們來說說，英語中這個(gè)可以表示“淡定”的詞——calm。keepcalm、calmdown這樣的詞組都可以用來勸人保持“淡定”。

(天氣、海洋等)靜的；平靜的：Theweatherwasfineandthelakewascalm.

(人)鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的：Ifyouarelostinthemountains,stay/keepcalm

inthefaceofdarkness,loneliness,andtheunknown.vt&vi

(使)平靜；平靜下來：Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl.

2020天津calmdown(使)平靜下來；(使)鎮(zhèn)靜下來：Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.2017全國n[C]&[U]平靜；鎮(zhèn)靜：Afterastormcomesacalm.（翻譯）calmadj.

tostopfeelingupset,angryorexcited側(cè)重notnervous,“不緊張”辨析calm,quiet,still,silentquite:Ourschoolissituatedinaquietarea.

Shewasquietandshy.still:Theytoldtheinjureddrivertostaystill

untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived.2016全國改silent:keep/remainsilentasilent,moonlessnight

asilentfilm/movie

側(cè)重notnoisy,“不吵”側(cè)重notmoving,“不動(dòng)”側(cè)重nosound,“沒有聲響”、“不語”辨析calm,quiet,

still,silent

Themanwhohadhisbrightlightson48cameoverandtoldLarryhehad49madeanemergencycall.They50thenheardawoman’svoicecomingfromthewrecked(毀壞的)vehicle.51

Approachingthevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay52______untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived,53butshethoughtthecarwasgoingto54explode.Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmove55incasesheinjuredherneck.2016全國卷Ⅰ完形填空52.A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm

√confident&confidence樂觀是帶你走向成功的信念。沒有希望和信心，人什么也做不到。

——海倫

凱勒海倫?凱勒（HelenKeller）出生后十九個(gè)大月時(shí)因病被奪去視力和聽力。她活到88歲，卻有87年生活在無光、無聲的世界里。在此時(shí)間里，她先后完成了14本著作。其中最著名的有：《假如給我三天光明》（ThreeDaystoSee）、《我的生活故事》（TheStoryofMyLife）、《石墻故事》（TheSongOfTheStoneWall）。她致力于為殘疾人造福，建立了許多慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，1964年榮獲“總統(tǒng)自由勛章（PresidentialMedaloffreedom）”，次年入選美國《時(shí)代周刊（Time）》評(píng)選的“二十世紀(jì)美國十大偶像”之一。confidence詞源con(com)+

-fid

(fidere)+encetogether+totrust

信賴；信任trustorstrongbeliefinsb/sthelse：confidencen[U]相信別人have/loseconfidenceinsb(a)lackofconfidenceinsb/sthgain/win/earnsb’sconfidence

自信；信心thefeelingthatyou’resureaboutyourownabilities,opinions,etc.：IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIwentbacktoschoolasanewperson.increase/buildupone’sconfidenceNaturally,shypeoplemightnothaveenoughconfidencetostartupconversationswithstrangers.

確信；把握thefeelingthatsthwillhappenoristrue：Wehavefullconfidencethatweshallsucceed.相信自己相信事情會(huì)發(fā)生

有信心的；自信的：confident

adj

[不用于名詞前]確信的；有把握的：①(be)confidentaboutsth:相信自己對(duì)某事有信心aconfidentsmileIfeelconfidentabouttheinterview.②(be)confidentof(doing)sth:Weareconfidentofoursuccess.③(be)confident+that從句：Weareconfidentthattheenvironmentwillbeimprovedbyourfurtherefforts.【拓展】confidently

adv自信地；確信地

confidential

adj機(jī)密的；機(jī)要的argue

談到“argue”一詞，你可能會(huì)聯(lián)想到怒氣沖沖的人在“爭(zhēng)吵”的畫面。“爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵”是你熟悉的argue的釋義，但它還有另外一層釋義——“論證”,從某種程度上說，是常見釋義“爭(zhēng)論”在程度上的加深。通過其英語釋義(togivereasonsthatsupportyouropinionaboutsth)即“給出理由支持你的觀點(diǎn)”也可以更好地理解這層釋義。argue

v

vi爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)吵：argue(withsb)(about/oversth)DoyoueverarguewithyourfamilyaboutwhichTVprogrammetowatch?

vi&vt

論證togivereasonsthatsupportyouropinionaboutsth：Theauthorarguedfor/against

freeuniversityeducation.

2010北京改Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.2011廣東argue表示“爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵”時(shí)，后接介詞with或about/over。語義程度遞進(jìn)sharp

英劇DowntonAbbey《唐頓莊園》中的老伯爵夫人，略顯固執(zhí)但是足夠睿智，在許多情節(jié)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻她都扮演著至關(guān)重要的角色。其臺(tái)詞內(nèi)容犀利，表演出神入化，被劇迷們津津樂道。老伯爵夫人有一張利嘴，“利嘴”的英文是asharptongue，為什么用sharp表示嘴巴的犀利呢？

鋒利的；尖的：

sharpteeth

(感官)敏銳的；(人)機(jī)靈的反stupid/dull：

Shehassharpeyes.asharpchild

(言辭等)尖刻的；嚴(yán)厲的(ofapersonorwhattheysay)criticalorsevere：

besharpwithsbShehasasharptongue.sharpadjsharp的詞源義及基本義是“尖的”，在此基礎(chǔ)上衍生出各層釋義。刀具等尖的感官或頭腦尖的言語尖的

(角度、變化等)急劇的suddenandrapid,especiallyofachange：

asharpbendasharpdrop/increaseinprices

劇烈的；猛烈的：

Ifeltasharppaininmyback.

尖厲的；刺耳的：

Throughallthenoisecameasharpwarningcry.2014重慶■

adv

(指時(shí)刻)整：2o’clocksharp角度、變化等尖的感覺或感情上尖的聲音尖的sharp語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖

尖的（基本義）刀具等“尖的”感官或頭腦“尖的”

鋒利的；尖的

(感官)敏銳的；(人)機(jī)靈的言語“尖的”角度、變化等“尖的”感覺或感情上“尖的”聲音“尖的”

(言辭等)尖刻的；嚴(yán)厲的

(角度、變化等)急劇的

劇烈的；猛烈的

尖厲的；刺耳的詞匯拓展sharply

adv

急劇地；嚴(yán)厲地：Housepriceshaverisensharplyoverthelastdecade.speaksharplytosbsharpen

vt

削尖；磨快：sharpenapencil

使提高；使改進(jìn)：Debatessharpenone’swits.Nopain,nogain

vt（使）獲得；贏得

togetorwinsth,especiallysththatiswantedorneeded：gainadegreeHerhonestygainedherthetrustofherteacher.

vt獲（益）togetanadvantagefrom(doing)sth：gainadvantagesfromThere’snothingtobegainedbylosingyourtemper.We

gainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.2009安徽gainv

vt增加tograduallygetmoreofsth反lose：I’vegained

alotofweight

recently.Theyoungpeoplegraduallygainconfidenceintheirabilities.

vt&vi（鐘、表等走得）快反lose：Mywatchgains(by)severalminutesaday.gainground變得更強(qiáng)大/更成功/更有效；逼近n

[C]好處；利益；[U]利潤：Theofficial’sillegalgainswillbeturnedintonationaltreasury.Hewilldoanythingforgain.

[C]&[U]增加反loss：againinearningsRegularexerciseisthebestwayofpreventingweightgain.gain語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖獲得gain基本義

增加

（使）獲得；贏得“獲得”事物“獲得”的結(jié)果

（鐘、表等走得）快“獲得”時(shí)間“獲得”速度、體重等過程

獲（益）寫作高級(jí)用詞，經(jīng)常與抽象名詞搭配使用：1.Weallgainedalotfromtheexperience.2.Theplanerapidlygainedheight.3.Wemanagedtogainentry

throughabackwindow.4.“Senseofgain”,whichmeansthepublicsharethefruitsofreformwithhappiness,gainpopularityrapidly.5.Nopain,nogain.apply詞源義：bringthingsincontactwithoneanother，使事物接觸彼此，即“一物用在另一物上(touse)”。

vt

涂；敷：Applythecreamevenlytoyourfaceandneck.乳液等用于皮膚

vt手壓；腳踩：applythebrakes

vt努力；使專注于：

Recently,hehasappliedhimselfto

hisstudies.手腳等用于某物上將精力等長期用于某事

vi申請(qǐng)：tomakeaformalrequest,usuallyinwriting：applyforajob/passport/visaIamwritingtoapplyforthepostofvolunteerforourschoolEnglishassociation.2018浙江書面表達(dá)applytoacompany/university

vi&vt[不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)](對(duì)……)適用；(對(duì)……)有效：Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.2014山東將抽象事物用于某人或某情景

vt運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用；使用：Wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplantoapplywhatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsandtoourlives.2018全國改將知識(shí)、技術(shù)等用于某領(lǐng)域?qū)⒉拍艿扔糜诠ぷ?任務(wù)一物用在另一物上（基本義）apply手壓；腳踩乳液等用于皮膚

將知識(shí)、技術(shù)等用于某領(lǐng)域?qū)⒊橄笫挛镉糜谀橙嘶蚰城榫芭Γ皇箤Ｗ⒂趯⒕Φ乳L期用于某事apply語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)手腳等用于某物上將才能等用于工作/任務(wù)（對(duì)……）適用/有效申請(qǐng)涂；敷運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用；使用詞匯拓展applicant

n

[C]申請(qǐng)人；應(yīng)征者：application

n[C]&[U]successfulapplicants

申請(qǐng)；申請(qǐng)書；申請(qǐng)表：ajobapplicationaccept/rejectsb’sapplicationfillin/outanapplication(form)

應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用；[縮略為app]應(yīng)用程序：makepracticalapplicationofnewtechnologytoteachingThisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeofapplications

inindustry.同族詞：apply,applicant,application同義異構(gòu)：useClassScheduleschedule許多與書寫有關(guān)的詞往往可以追溯到用以涂寫最早文字符號(hào)的樹皮和樹葉，或鑿刻最早文字符號(hào)的石頭，如paper（紙）原指“紙莎草”。schedule一詞的來源可追湖到拉丁詞scheda，表示“紙莎草的葉子”。從scheda衍生出指小詞sceduala“smallpieceofpaper”（小張紙）。15世紀(jì)初scedula通過法語cedule進(jìn)入英語后，其拼寫逐漸演變?yōu)閟chedule，詞義也由小紙條引申詞義便箋，便條，日程表等。到了19世紀(jì)schedule已獲得了今天還在使用的一些詞義，如“一覽表”、“時(shí)間表”、“時(shí)刻表”、“計(jì)劃表”等。schedule詞源解讀n[C]&[U]日程安排；時(shí)刻表aplanofthingsthatwillhappenorofworkthatmustbedone(timetable)：aclass/trainscheduleThemajorityofholidayflightsdepartandarriveonschedule.Thankstoyourhelp,weaccomplishedthetaskaheadofschedule.Thetunnelprojecthasalreadyfallenbehindschedule.schedulevt［常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)］安排；將……列入進(jìn)度表toplanthatsthwillhappenataparticulartime：Asscheduled,wehaveEnglishTalentShowtoday.2014陜西書面表達(dá)①schedulesth(forsth):Thesummersaleisscheduledfortomorrow.②schedulesb/sthtodosth:ThetripisscheduledtostartonDecember21inNewYorkCity.2017全國隨堂檢測(cè)一、根據(jù)所給漢語，用moment的詞塊完成下列句子。1.Hewassilent

(片刻),thenbeganhisanswer.2.

(在那一刻),Irememberedthatmyfatheroncesaid,“Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludeslearningfromtextbooks,andmistakesaswell.”

(2019全國)foramomentAtthatmomentmoment1.今天上午我一刻也沒閑著。(spare)

2.她收到大學(xué)錄取通知書那一刻欣喜萬分。(acceptanceletter錄取通知書,joy欣喜)

Themomentshereceived/gotheracceptanceletter,shewasfilledwithjoy.二、根據(jù)所給提示，翻譯下列句子。Ihaven’thadasparemomentthismorning.根據(jù)漢語補(bǔ)全下列句子。1.會(huì)議組織得很糟糕。Themeetingwas____________________.2.課后會(huì)組織小組活動(dòng)幫助孩子們培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神。(2014重慶)_______________________________afterclasstohelpchildrendevelopteamspirit.3.要寫出好文章，必須先從邏輯上理順?biāo)季w。

Towriteagoodessayyoumustfirst___________________logically.4.大家要我組織這次旅游，可是我把事情搞砸了。Iwasaskedto_______________,butImesseditup.Groupactivitieswillbeorganisedbadlyorganisedorganiseyourideasorganisethetriporganise一、根據(jù)句意選出challenge的最佳釋義。①

對(duì)……質(zhì)疑

②

向……挑戰(zhàn)；邀請(qǐng)……比賽

③

考驗(yàn)……的能力______1.Thejobistooeasytoreallychallengeher._____2.Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.(2011重慶閱讀理解)______3.Noonehasseriouslychallengedthechampion.二、用所給詞的正確形式填空。Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbe___________(challenge).

(2014江西書面表達(dá))③①②challengingchallenge1.她在危難中總能保持冷靜。Shealways___________________________intimeofdanger.2.平靜的海上沒有一點(diǎn)跡象顯示暴風(fēng)雨即將來臨。________________gavenosignofthestormthatwascoming.3.大廳里一片安靜，但這是暴風(fēng)雨前的平靜。Thehallwasveryquiet,butitwas_______________________.4.由于被她那些話所感動(dòng)，他很難平靜下來。Movedbywhatshesaid,hecouldhardly______________.5.上臺(tái)表演前，每個(gè)人都深吸一口氣讓自己平靜下來。Beforetheperformanceeverybodyheldadeepbreathto__________________.一、根據(jù)所給漢語提示完成下列句子。remains/keeps/stayscalmThecalm/stillseathecalmbeforethestormcalmdowncalmthemselvesdowncalm1.Evenwhenshefacesdisasterslikeearthquake,shestillkeeps______.2.Thepolicetriedtogetsomeinformationfromtheman,butheremained______.3.Attention,please.Everybody!Pleasestay______whileItakeaphotographofyou.4.Thewatersofthelakeareso______thatitlookslikeglass.5.Hetriedtobe______,buthistremblinghandsgavehimaway.6.Whenyouareinalibrary,youmustbe______.二、從方框中選擇合適的單詞填空。calmsilentstillcalmcalmquietquietcalmstillsilentconfident&confidence1.Everyday,you’lllearnsomenewEnglishvocabulary,idiomsandphrasalverbs.Andyou’llfeelmoreconfident__________________workingandmakingfriendsinEnglish.(2010湖北) 2.It’simportantthatchildrenlearntoread_________confidence.3.Onceyouareconfident_________yourpoweroverbadsituations,problemsarejuststeppingstonestosuccess.(2010廣東) 4.Thelittlegirlwalked___________(confident)ontothestage,readyforherfirstspeech.(2012陜西) aboutin/of/aboutconfidentlywith一、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.__________________________________________________________________________________________(自信)willhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.(2015全國)2.___________________________________(我們相信)theenvironmentwillbeimprovedbyourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.(2013遼寧)/Beingconfidentinyourself二、根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。Weareconfident/WehaveconfidencethatHavingconfidenceinyourself/Havingself-confidence/Beingself-confident一、寫出下列句子中argue的漢語釋義。1.ItisnousearguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.

______________2.Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitiscrueltoeatanimals,butothersarguethattheycaneatmeatandstillbekindtoanimals.(2012廣東)

______________argue爭(zhēng)論/爭(zhēng)吵論證/爭(zhēng)辯二、用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1.Theyhaveargued__________eachotherforyears__________thebestwaytogrowpotatoes.

2.Whenyoupresentreasonswhyyoubelieveinsomething,youargue________it.3.Ifwealwaysreproducedwhatwastherebefore,wewouldallstillbelivingincaves.Thus,Iwouldargue__________copyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent.(2014安徽)against

with

about/overforsharp寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Dogshaveaverysharpsenseofsmell._______________2.Thebosscanbeverysharpwith

peoplewhenshe’sbusy._______________3.Officialfiguresshowasharpdeclineinthenumberofwildanimalsinthearea._______________4.Itlookslikeaverythin,

sharppieceofbrokenglass.(2014

湖北) _______________5.We’remeetingatten-thirtysharp._______________很敏銳的嗅覺對(duì)人很尖刻急劇下降尖的十點(diǎn)半整一、漢譯英。1.獲得信心______________2.獲得廣泛的支持_________________3.我的表快兩分鐘。__________________________4.最近我胖了。_______________________gainconfidenceI’vegainedweightrecently.gainpopularsupportMywatchgains(by)twominutes.基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練gain二、將下列各句中的畫線部分譯成漢語。1.AsAmericanfastfoodgainsacceptanceinFrance,moreandmoreFrenchchildrenareoverweight.(2014陜西閱讀改) _______________2.IgainedstrengtheverytimeIsaid,“Yes,I’lltrythat.”(2011天津完形) _______________3.Weallgainedalotfromtheexperience._______________