江西省萍鄉(xiāng)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

絕密★啟用前萍鄉(xiāng)市2024—2025學(xué)年度高二第一學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷(120分鐘，總分150分)本試卷分為第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答案卡一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答第I卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)框。不能答在試卷上，否則無(wú)效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題:每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hehastheflu. B.Hehasaheadache. C.Hehasastomachache.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtothecliniclatertoday.I’vebeenfeelingveryunwell.W:Really?Ihadtheflulastweek.Isthatwhatyouhave?M:Ihadaheadachelastweek,butI’msufferingfromseverestomachpainsnow.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inarestaurant. C.Onthefarm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Areyoureadytoorder?W:Yes,please.BothmyfriendandIwouldlikeasteakandsoup.M:I’mafraidweareoutofsteakatthemoment.Wouldyoulikeporkinstead?W:Well,we’dlikechickenthen.Thankyou!3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomando?A.Watchagame. B.Buysomecoffee. C.Visitagallery.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Iplannedtowatcharugbygamewithmyfriends,butitgotcanceled.So,nowI’mgoingtovisitagalleryinstead.Wouldyouliketocome?W:I’dloveto,butI’mgoingtogetcoffeewithmymom.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Takeherbags. B.Canceltheirflight. C.Changearoute.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hurry!We’regoingtomissourflight.M:It’snotmyfaultthattherewassomuchtrafficonourwaytotheairport.Ifwerun,wecanmakeit.W:OK,butcanyoutakemybags?Theyaresoheavy.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inalibrary. B.Intheclassroom. C.Inapark.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ilovereadinghere.It’ssorelaxing.Ilikebeinginnature,andtherearesomanybirdsaround.W:Ienjoyreading,too.However,Iprefertoreadbooksintheclassroom.It’squietthere.第二節(jié)：(共15小題:每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whenwillthemanworktill7:00pmnextweek?A.OnSaturday. B.OnFriday. C.OnThursday.7.WhatdothespeakersagreetodoonSaturday?AHaveameal. B.Runinthepark. C.Gooutforcoffee.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Jake.DoyouwanttomeetonThursdayorFridaynextweek?M:I’mbusyworkingattheofficeuntil7:00pmonFriday,butIcanmeetyouthedayafter.W:OK,great.Doyouwanttogooutforlunch?M:I’monadietatthemoment.Howaboutwegoforajogintheparkinstead?W:I’mnotafanofrunning.Canwegotothecafeforacoffee?M:Yes,thatwouldbenice.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whywillthemangotothebeach?A.Toswiminthesea. B.Towalkonthesand. C.Tomeethisbrother.9.Whydoesthewomandislikethebeach?A.Shehatesthesand. B.Shehasnopropershoes. C.Sheisscaredoftheocean.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Malisa.ThisisMarkspeaking.I’mgoingforawalkalongthebeachwithmyfriendslaterintheafternoon.Doyouwanttocome?W:Thankyouforaskingme,butIdon’tlikethebeachatall.M:Whynot?Isitbecauseyoudon’twantthesandtogetinyourshoesorsomething?W:No,Iactuallydon’tmindthesand.I’mjustscaredoftheocean.Mybrothernearlydrownedlastyearduringthesummerholiday.Itwasascaryexperience.M:Ohno!That’sawfulandterrifyingindeed.IsAndrewOKnow?W:Yes,heisfine.ButIhavebeenfrightenedoftheoceaneversince.M:Iunderstand.IwillseeyouonMondayatcollegethen.W:Bye.Havefun!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whowentshoppingwiththewoman?A.Herson. B.Herhusband. C.Herdaughter.12.Whatdidthewomanbuyforhersister?A.Acoat. B.Aring. C.Ahat.13.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodosoon?A.Goonholiday. B.Playfootball. C.Shopwithhischild.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:Morning,Stacey.Howwasyourweekend?W:Reallygood,thanks.Iwentshoppingwithmyeldestdaughter.Itwasagreattimeforus.M:Thatsoundsnice.Ididn’tknowyouhadchildren.W:Ihavethreedaughtersandason.Mytwoyoungerdaughtershateshoppingandmysonwasatfootballwithmyhusbandallweekend.M:Didyoubuymuch?W:Yes.Iboughtacoatforeachoneofmychildren.Ialsoboughtaringformysisterasit’sherfiftiethbirthdayonWednesday.Igotmyselfsomenewglovesandawarmhatasit’sbeensnowingsomuchlately.M:That’sagoodidea.It’sbeensocold.Ineedsomemorewarmclothes.Idon’thatethecold,butImissthehotweathersometimes.Imightgoonholidaysoon,somewherewarm.W:Oh,thatsoundswonderful!However,personallyspeaking,IquitelikethistimeofyearasitwillbeChristmassoon.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Conductinganinterview. B.Discussingajobpromotion. C.Offeringadvice.15.WhatisoneofSarah’sstrengths?A.Shelovesreadinglongpoems. B.Sheownsfiveyearsofexperience. C.Shehascommunicationskills.16.WhatdoesSarahthinkofherlastjob?A.Itwasboring. B.Itwastoostrict. C.Itwaslesschallenging.【答案】14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Sarah.Nicetomeetyou!W:Morning.Thankyouforseeingme!M:Whydoyouthinkyouaresuitableforthisposition?W:BecauseIlovetoteachandIamverypassionateaboutliterature.Havingtaughtattwootherschoolsoverthepasttenyears,Ihavealotofexperience.AndIreceivedmymaster’sdegreefiveyearsago.M:Whataresomeofyourstrengths?W:Ihavegreatcommunicationskills.Icanspeakinfrontoflargegroupsofpeoplecomfortably.Ibelievethatmypassionforliteraturewouldaidmeinmyrole.AndIhavepublishedmyownbooksandpoems.M:Whataresomeofyourweaknesses?W:Mymainweaknessmaylieindiscipline.Isometimesstrugglewithtellingstudentsoff,especiallyifitupsetsthem.M:Isee,andwhydoyouwantajobhere?W:Becausetheschool’svaluesareinlinewithmymorals.Theschool’szerotolerancetowardbullyingisalsoimportanttome.Astudentmustn’tusetheirstrengthorpowertofrightenorhurtotherstudents.M:Whatissomethingthatyoudidn’tlikeaboutyourlastjob?W:Itwasfairlyclosetomyhouse.However,itwastoostrict.IhadtopunishstudentsforsillythingsthatIdidn’tagreewith.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Ahistorian. B.Acook. C.Astudent.18.Howmanytraditionalfestivalsdoesthespeakermention?A.Four. B.Three. C.Two.19.Whatwillthelistenersdofirst?A.Discusstogether. B.Havearest. C.Tastesomefood.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.TherichnessofChineseculture.B.ThehistoryofChinesephilosophy.C.ThedevelopmentofChinesemedicine.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I’mLiHua,ahistorianspecializinginChinesetraditionalculture.Today,IwanttotalkabouttherichnessofChineseculture.Chinesecultureisoneoftheworld’soldestandmostcomplex.Itshistorystretchesbackover5,000years.Itcontainsalotofelements,fromphilosophytocuisine,art,andliterature.ThephilosophyofConfuciusemphasizesmoralvaluesandrespectforelders.TheseideashaveshapedChinesesocietyforcenturies.AnothersignificantaspectistraditionalChinesemedicine,whichisstillwidelyrespectedworldwide.AndChinesefoodvariesgreatlyfromregiontoregion.Thatisareflectionofthecountry’svastgeographyandhistory.Additionally,Chineseliteraturehascontributedmuchtoworldliterature.ThereareclassicslikeJourneytotheWestandDreamoftheRedChamber.Thetraditionalfestivals,liketheSpringFestivalandMid-AutumnFestival,arecelebratedwithgreatenthusiasm.TheyshowtheimportanceoffamilyinChineseculture.Aswemoveintothefuture,it’scrucialtopreserveandpromoteChina’srichculturalheritage.ThankyouforjoiningmetodayintheexplorationofChineseculture.Let’scontinuethismeaningfultopicandfurtherourunderstandingafterashortbreak.Andwewillhaveadeepdiscussionlater.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AExploringNatureattheCommunityGardenDayTheannualCommunityGardenDayisacherishedeventthatinvitesresidentstoembracethebeautyofnature.Thisyear,thegardenwillopenitsgatesonasunnySaturdaymorning,offeringavarietyofactivitiessuitableforallagesandgardeningskills.Event1—StartingSeedsWorkshopForthosenewtogardening,aworkshopledbyexperiencedgardener,Mrs.Brown,willintroducethebasics.Participantswilllearnhowtostartseeds,careforyoungplants,andunderstandthejoyofgrowingtheirownfood.DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at10:00Location:GardenLearningCenterDuration:2hoursEvent2—PlantCareandGrowthGardenerswithsomeexperiencewillenjoyasessionwithMr.Smith,whowillsharetipsonhowtokeepplantsgrowinghealthily.Hewillshoweffectivewateringtechniquesanddiscusstheimportanceofsunlightandnutrients.DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at14:00Location:GardenCareAreaDuration:3hoursEvent3—MakingYourOwnFertilizerAninformativesessionbyMrs.Johnsonwillguideparticipantsthroughtheprocessofmakingnaturalfertilizerfromkitchenwaste.Thispracticalskillwillhelpgardenersenrichtheirsoilandgrowhealthierplants.DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at11:30Location:FertilizerMakingSpotDuration:2.5hoursEvent4—Kids’GardenAdventureChildrenarewelcometojoininthefunattheKids’GardenAdventure,wheretheycanplanttheirownsmallplotofvegetablesandflowers.Theeventincludesstorytellingsessionsthatbringtolifethestoriesofplantsandtheimportanceofgardening.DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at9:00Location:Kids’GardenAreaDuration:1.5hours21.Whicheventtakestheshortesttime?A.StartingSeedsWorkshop. B.PlantCareandGrowth.C.MakingYourOwnFertilizer. D.Kids’GardenAdventure.22.WhatwillMr.Smithteachinhissession?A.Advancedplantcaretechniques. B.Methodsofcaringforyoungplants.C.Suggestionsforraisinghealthyplants. D.Theprocessofmakingnaturalfertilizer.23.Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A.Theytakeplaceontheweekend. B.Theyfocusonsoilimprovement.C.Theyneedtobringgardeningtools. D.Theyareforexperiencedgardeners.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文向公眾介紹了社區(qū)花園日的各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)安排，包括種子啟動(dòng)工作坊、植物護(hù)理與生長(zhǎng)講座、自制肥料教學(xué)以及兒童花園探險(xiǎn)等，旨在邀請(qǐng)居民參與體驗(yàn)自然之美的年度活動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Event1—StartingSeedsWorkshop中的“Duration:2hours(持續(xù)時(shí)間2小時(shí))”，Event2—PlantCareandGrowth中的“Duration:3hours(持續(xù)時(shí)間：3小時(shí))”，Event3—MakingYourOwnFertilizer中的“Duration:2.5hours(持續(xù)時(shí)間：2.5小時(shí))”，Event4—Kids’GardenAdventure中的“Duration:1.5hours(持續(xù)時(shí)間：1.5小時(shí))”可知Kids’GardenAdventure用時(shí)是最短的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Event2—PlantCareandGrowth中的“GardenerswithsomeexperiencewillenjoyasessionwithMr.Smith,whowillsharetipsonhowtokeepplantsgrowinghealthily.Hewillshoweffectivewateringtechniquesanddiscusstheimportanceofsunlightandnutrients.(有一定經(jīng)驗(yàn)的園丁將與Smith先生一起參加一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，他會(huì)分享如何保持植物健康生長(zhǎng)的技巧。他會(huì)展示有效的澆水技術(shù)并討論陽(yáng)光和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的重要性。)”可知，Smith先生會(huì)教如何養(yǎng)健康的植物的建議。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Event1—StartingSeedsWorkshop的“DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at10:00(日期和時(shí)間：9月21日，星期六，10:00)”；Event2—PlantCareandGrowth的“DateandTime:Saturday,21stSeptember,at14:00(日期和時(shí)間：9月21日，星期六，14:00)”；Event3—MakingYourOwnFertilizer的“DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at11:30(日期和時(shí)間：周日，9月22日，11:30)”；Event4—Kids’GardenAdventure的“DateandTime:Sunday,22ndSeptember,at9:00(日期和時(shí)間：9月22日，周日，9:00)”可知，所有的活動(dòng)都在周末舉行。故選A項(xiàng)。BLocatedintheOaxaca,Mexico,thefishingvillageHuatulcoishometothousandsofbabyturtles.Ihadthreeopendaysonmycalendar,andadesiretosavesometurtles.Andso,awayIwenttoHuatulcowithapowerhouseofwillingprotectorscallingthemselvesWildcoast.Tocarryoutmymission,IwastakentoLaEscobillatoexperienceWildcoastinaction.JustonehournorthofHuatulco,thisprotectedbeachiswheremassturtlenestinghappens.Thenaturalphenomenonoccursat12beachesaroundtheworld,threeofwhichareinMexico.Havingjustfourdaysduringrainyseason,thousandsoffemaleseaturtlesgoashoretolaytheireggs.Betweenthreatslikeillegalhunters,naturalenemiesandoilspills,thehatchlings(幼龜)havethewholeworldagainstthem.Asrecentlyas2012,turtlehuntingwasnotonlycommonpractice,butanimportantpartofthecultureanddietintheOaxacancommunities.Wildcoastrescuesturtleeggsandrecreateshabitats.Thankstotheirefforts,variousseaturtleshavemadeamajorcomeback,withnowover72millionturtlesbeingborn.Igottohold50ofthehatchlingsinabowl.Statisticallyspeaking,justonein1,000babyturtleswillmakeittoadulthood.Staringatthebowl,Isobadlywantedthemtofindsheltersomewhereintheocean.Finally,itwastimetosetfreethoselittleones.Havingmadesurenosuspicious(可疑的)peoplewerenearby,Iletoutthehatchlings.Witheachsetofwaves,wewitnessedthesurvivalofthefittest,somecrawling(爬行)pastthewhitewashwhileotherscrashedbacktoshore.Abunchofbirdswasreadytodiveintotheseafortheirtargets.“Onein1,000.”Naturewasbothcruelandsympathetic.After30longminutes,thelasthatchlingmadeitswaytothesea.24.WhatisWildcoast?A.Alivelybeachhousingvariouswildanimals.B.Anofficialorganizationtacklingoceanoilleaks.C.Anexperiencedteamexploringthecoastalareas.D.Avoluntarygroupassistingthesurvivalofturtles.25.WhywastheauthortakentoLaEscobilla?A.Toliberatecollectedhatchlings.B.Toprotectdedicateturtleeggs.C.Towitnessmassturtlenesting.D.TorecordOaxacancultures.26.Whichthreatdoestheauthorwanttoprotecttheturtlesfrom?A.Waterpollution. B.Humanhunting.C.Naturalenemies. D.Oceanwaves.27.Howmighttheauthorfeelwhenseeingthehatchlingscrawling?A.Relieved. B.Attached.C.Concerned. D.Annoyed.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者前往墨西哥的Huatulco漁村，與一個(gè)名為Wildcoast的志愿者團(tuán)隊(duì)一起保護(hù)海龜?shù)墓适隆Ｗ髡呙枋隽嗽贚aEscobilla海灘釋放海龜幼崽的過(guò)程，以及這些幼崽面臨的各種威脅?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ihadthreeopendaysonmycalendar,andadesiretosavesometurtles.Andso,awayIwenttoHuatulcowithapowerhouseofwillingprotectorscallingthemselvesWildcoast(我的日歷上有三天空閑，我想去救一些海龜。于是，我去了Huatulco，和一群自稱為Wildcoast的熱心保護(hù)者一起)”可知，Wildcoast是一個(gè)由愿意保護(hù)海龜?shù)娜私M成的強(qiáng)大團(tuán)隊(duì)。因此，Wildcoast是一個(gè)協(xié)助海龜生存的志愿者團(tuán)體。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Tocarryoutmymission,IwastakentoLaEscobillatoexperienceWildcoastinaction.JustonehournorthofHuatulco,thisprotectedbeachiswheremassturtlenestinghappens(為了執(zhí)行我的任務(wù)，我被帶到LaEscobilla去體驗(yàn)Wildcoast的實(shí)際行動(dòng)。這個(gè)受保護(hù)的海灘位于Huatulco以北僅一小時(shí)的地方，是大量海龜筑巢的地方)”可知，作者被帶到LaEscobilla是為了見證大量的海龜筑巢。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Betweenthreatslikeillegalhunters,naturalenemiesandoilspills,thehatchlings(幼龜)havethewholeworldagainstthem(在面對(duì)非法獵人、自然敵人和石油泄漏等威脅時(shí)，這些幼龜面臨著整個(gè)世界的反對(duì))”可知，海龜幼崽面臨的威脅包括非法獵人。因此，作者想要保護(hù)海龜免受人類狩獵的威脅。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Witheachsetofwaves,wewitnessedthesurvivalofthefittest,somecrawling(爬行)pastthewhitewashwhileotherscrashedbacktoshore.Abunchofbirdswasreadytodiveintotheseafortheirtargets(每組波浪中，我們都見證了適者生存，一些生物爬行穿過(guò)白浪，而另一些則被沖回岸邊。一群鳥準(zhǔn)備潛入海中捕捉目標(biāo))”可知，作者在看到幼龜爬行時(shí)可能會(huì)感到關(guān)切，擔(dān)心它們的生存。故選C項(xiàng)。CIfitain’tbroke,don’tfixit.Thetime-testedproverbappearstobethelessonfromCoca-Cola’sdisastrousintroductionof“NewCoke.”AlthoughCoca-Colaremainedtheworld’sbest-sellingsoftdrink,Pepsi-Colacontinuedtogainmarketshareinthe1970s,thanksinparttoitsaggressive“PepsiChallenge”campaignwhereconsumerstakingblindtastetestsweresurprisedtolearntheypreferredtheflavorofPepsi.Companyexecutivesgrewconvincedthatitssoda’staste—notitsrival’sadvertisementstargetingthe“PepsiGeneration”—wasthereasonforitsdecliningmarketshare.OnApril23,1985,Coca-ColaCompanychairmanRobertoGoizuetaannouncedtothepressthatanewformulawastobeintroduced,whichhedeclaredtobe“amoreharmoniousflavor.”Thepress,however,saidNewCoketastedsweeterandmorelikePepsi.Withit,Coca-Coladiscontinuedits99-yearclassicrecipeandlockeditawayinanAtlantabankvaultwiththeintentionthatitneveragainseethelightofday.WhileGoizuetatoasted“hissurestmoveevermade”withNewCoke,itleftabittertasteinthemouthsofthecompany’sloyalcustomers.Withinweeksoftheannouncement,thecompanywasfielding5,000angryphonecallsaday.“Idon’tthinkI’dbemoreupsetifyouweretoburntheflaginourfrontyard,”onedisgruntleddrinkerwrotetocompanyheadquarters.Atprotestsstagedbygrassrootsgroups,consumerspouredtheNewCokeintosewerdrains.TheoutragecaughtCoca-Colaexecutivesbysurprise.Theyhadhardlymadeacarelessdecisionunsupportedbydata.Afterall,theyhadperformed190,000blindtastetestsonconsumers.Theproblem,though,isthatthecompanyhadunderestimatedloyaldrinkers’emotionalattachmentstothebrand.Neverdiditstestersasksubjectshowtheywouldfeelifthenewformulareplacedtheoldone.Seventy-ninedayslater,Coca-Colaexecutivesonceagainheldapressconferencetoannouncetheretumnoftheoriginalformula,whichhardlyhadtimetogatherdustinthevault,underthelabel“Coca-ColaClassic.”“Ourbossistheconsumer,”Goizuetaadmitted.Coca-ColaClassicquicklyoutsoldNewCokeandwithinafewmonthshadreturnedtoitspositionasthetop-sellingcola,aheadofPepsi.Inspiteoftheblowback,Coca-Colaemergedfromthedefeatwithitsmarketpositionactuallystrengthenedasconsumersrediscoveredtheirattachmenttotheiconicbrand.“ThesimplefactisthatallthetimeandmoneyandskillheavilypouredintoconsumerresearchonthenewCoca-ColacouldnotmeasurethedeepemotionalattachmenttooriginalCoca-Colafeltbysomanypeople,”Goizuetaadmitted.Themistakewassoenormousthatsomethoughtitmusthavebeenanintentionalmarketingtrick.“Somesaythatweplannedthewholething,”Goizuetasaid.“Thetruthiswe’renotthatdumbandwe’renothatsmart.”28.WhateventuallyledtoCoca-ColaCompany’sdecisiontolaunch“NewCoke”?A.Thecompanywasontheedgeofgoingfinanciallybroke.B.Thecompanylostmostofitsmarketsharetoitsstrongrival.C.Theexecutivesbelievedthecompanylostitsedgeinitsproduct.D.Itsrivalcompanyperformedbetterinadvertisingitsproducts.29.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4probablymeanstheloyalcustomers________.A.foundNewCoketastedbitterratherthansweeterasthepressdeclaredB.feltcheatedasNewCokefailedtodeliveramoreharmoniousflavorC.weredissatisfiedandannoyedwithCoca-ColaCompany’sdecisionD.wereratherupsetthattheyweren’tinvitedtotaketheblindtastetests30.WhatcanbelearnedaboutCoca-ColaCompany?A.ThemanagementmeanttotemporarilyshelvetheoldformulatopromoteNewCoke.B.Themanagementturnedablindeyetotheresultsofthecompany’sblindtastetests.C.Itdidn’ttakeloyalPepsidrinkers’emotionalattachmenttothecolabrandseriously.D.Itmadelargeinvestmentsindevelopingthenewformulatoregainitsformerglory.31.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthispassage?A.Coca-Cola’sdisastrousattemptatrebrandingCoke.B.Thecentury-oldwarbetweenCocaColaandPepsi.C.Alessononhowtomaintainthecustomerloyalty.D.AsuccessfulmarketingtriekplayedbyCocaCola.【答案】28.C29.C30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。講述了可口可樂公司推出“新可樂”（NewCoke）這一產(chǎn)品變革的整個(gè)過(guò)程，包括其背景、決策、實(shí)施、消費(fèi)者反應(yīng)、以及最終的結(jié)果和反思?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Companyexecutivesgrewconvincedthatitssoda’staste—notitsrival’sadvertisementstargetingthe“PepsiGeneration”—wasthereasonforitsdecliningmarketshare.(可口可樂公司的高管們?cè)絹?lái)越相信，是自家汽水的味道——而非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手針對(duì)“百事一代”的廣告宣傳——導(dǎo)致了其市場(chǎng)份額的下降)”可知，高管們認(rèn)為公司的產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)失去了優(yōu)勢(shì)，需要進(jìn)行改變。因此，公司決定推出新產(chǎn)品“NewCoke”，以重新獲得市場(chǎng)份額。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“Withinweeksoftheannouncement,thecompanywasfielding5,000angryphonecallsaday.“Idon’tthinkI’dbemoreupsetifyouweretoburntheflaginourfrontyard,”onedisgruntleddrinkerwrotetocompanyheadquarters.Atprotestsstagedbygrassrootsgroups,consumerspouredtheNewCokeintosewerdrains.(新可樂推出后幾周內(nèi)，公司每天接到5000個(gè)憤怒的電話?！拔矣X得就算你在我們家前院燒國(guó)旗，我也不會(huì)比這更生氣了，”一位憤怒的消費(fèi)者在給公司總部的信中寫道。在草根團(tuán)體組織的抗議活動(dòng)中，消費(fèi)者們將新可樂倒入下水道)”可知，公司每天接到5000個(gè)憤怒的電話，消費(fèi)者們把新可樂倒進(jìn)下水道以示抗議。因此可以推斷出，忠誠(chéng)的顧客們對(duì)可口可樂公司的決定感到不滿和惱怒。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““ThesimplefactisthatallthetimeandmoneyandskillheavilypouredintoconsumerresearchonthenewCoca-ColacouldnotmeasurethedeepemotionalattachmenttooriginalCoca-Colafeltbysomanypeople,”Goizuetaadmitted.(Goizueta承認(rèn)：“一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單事實(shí)是，投入大量時(shí)間、金錢和技術(shù)對(duì)新可口可樂進(jìn)行消費(fèi)者研究，卻無(wú)法衡量這么多人對(duì)原可口可樂的深厚情感依戀。”)”可知，為了重獲昔日的輝煌，該公司在研發(fā)新配方方面投入了大量資金。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifitain’tbroke,don’tfixit.Thetime-testedproverbappearstobethelessonfromCoca-Cola’sdisastrousintroductionof“NewCoke.”(如果沒壞，就不要修。這句久經(jīng)考驗(yàn)諺語(yǔ)似乎是從可口可樂災(zāi)難性地推出“新可樂”中吸取的教訓(xùn))”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了可口可樂公司嘗試重新命名可樂品牌的失敗經(jīng)歷，即推出“新可樂”后遭到消費(fèi)者強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，最終不得不恢復(fù)原名。所以本文主要講述了可口可樂重塑品牌的失敗嘗試。故選A項(xiàng)。DIfastrangerofferedyouafreecookie,youmightwellcatit.Butwhatiftheyofferedtoalsogiveyou$2?Youmightpolitelydeclineandwalkawaythinking,“Somethingsmellsfishy.”InastudypublishedinPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersfoundthatpeopletendtoturndownoffersof“freemoney,”aswellasunusuallycheapservices,becausetheyseem“toogoodtobetrue.”Intheinitialexperiment,nearly40percentofparticipantsateacookieofferedfreely—comparedwithabout20percentofthoseoffered$2aswell.“Peopletypicallyimaginethingslikesomeonedidsomethingdisgustingtothecookie,”saysstudyleadauthorAndrewJ.Vonasch,apsychologicalscientistattheUniversityofCanterburyinNewZealand.Ninefurtherexperimentsusedonlinequestionnairestopresentothercases.Theseincludedbeingofferedmoneytoacceptaridehomeandsurprisinglycheapflights.Ineachcase,pastacertainthreshold(門檻),higherpotentialmonetarygainreducedparticipants’likelihoodofacceptingtheoffer.Vonaschsaysthestudyillustratesthatcontrarytothe“standardeconomicmodel,”whichsupposeshumansalwaysseektomaximizegains,transactions(交易)needtoalsobeunderstoodassocialinteractionsbetweenpeopletryingtounderstandeachother’sminds.Ifsomeoneseemstoviolateacceptednorms,suchasself-interest,withoutanyexplanation,weassumetheyhavehiddenmotivesandinfertherewillbe“phantomcosts”,imaginedconsequencesthatreducewhatVonaschcallsanoffer’s“psychologicalvalue,”Factorsbeyondthepresentmomentmaycomeintoplay.“Understandingthatothers’perceivedovergenerositymayputusintheirdebtcouldalsohelpexplainpeople’sreluctance,”saysVonasch.Theresearchersalsoshowedhowtomitigate(減輕)theeffect:simplyprovideareasonforthedeal.The“cheapflights”experimentincludedaconditionwheretheseatswererevealedtobeveryuncomfortable.“Uncomfortableseatsaren’ttypicallyasellingpoint,”Vonaschsays.“Buttellingpeopletheseatswereuncomfortablemadethemmorewillingtotakethembecauseitwassufficientexplanation.”32.Whymightpeoplerejectanofferof$2alongwithafreecookie?A.Theydislikeamoney-relatedoffer. B.Theydistrustthetruevalueoftheoffer.C.Theythinktheofferisnotgoodenough. D.Theysuspecttheofferonlylastsashorttime.33.WhataspectoftheninefurtherexperimentsisintroducedinParagraph4?A.Themoralconcerns. B.Theresearchmethod.C.Theexperiments’duration. D.Theparticipants’background.34.Whichpsychologicalfactorbestexplainsthefindingsofthestudy?A.Fearfulof“phantomcosts”. B.Afraidofviolatingsocialnorms.C.Committedtothestandardeconomicmodel. D.Unconcernedaboutanoffer’s“psychologicalvalue”35.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“cheapflights”experiment?A.Tostresstheunpredictabilityofhumanchoices.B.Toillustratehowhiddenmotivesaffectpeople’schoices.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofprovidingclearexamples.D.Toshowgivingjustificationscanincreaseacceptanceofoffers.【答案】32.B33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了為什么人們會(huì)拒絕看似過(guò)于慷慨的優(yōu)惠或免費(fèi)贈(zèng)品，探討了經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和心理學(xué)之間的聯(lián)系?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InastudypublishedinPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersfoundthatpeopletendtoturndownoffersof“freemoney,”aswellasunusuallycheapservices,becausetheyseem“toogoodtobetrue.”(在《個(gè)性與社會(huì)心理學(xué)公報(bào)》上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們傾向于拒絕“免費(fèi)的錢”，以及異常便宜的服務(wù)，因?yàn)樗鼈兛雌饋?lái)“好得令人難以置信”)”可知，人們會(huì)拒絕2美元外加一塊免費(fèi)餅干的提議是因?yàn)樗麄儾幌嘈胚@份提議的真正價(jià)值。故選B。【33題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Ninefurtherexperimentsusedonlinequestionnairestopresentothercases.Theseincludedbeingofferedmoneytoacceptaridehomeandsurprisinglycheapflights.Ineachcase,pastacertainthreshold(門檻),higherpotentialmonetarygainreducedparticipants’likelihoodofacceptingtheoffer.(另外九項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)使用在線問(wèn)卷來(lái)呈現(xiàn)其他情況。其中包括給錢讓他搭車回家，以及便宜得驚人的機(jī)票。在每一種情況下，超過(guò)一定的門檻，更高的潛在金錢收益降低了參與者接受提議的可能性)”可知，第4段介紹了九個(gè)進(jìn)一步實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究方法。故選B。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ifsomeoneseemstoviolateacceptednorms,suchasself-interest,withoutanyexplanation,weassumetheyhavehiddenmotivesandinfertherewillbe“phantomcosts”,imaginedconsequencesthatreducewhatVonaschcallsanoffer’s“psychologicalvalue,”Factorsbeyondthepresentmomentmaycomeintoplay.“Understandingthatothers’perceivedovergenerositymayputusintheirdebtcouldalsohelpexplainpeople’sreluctance,”saysVonasch.(如果有人似乎違反了公認(rèn)的規(guī)范，比如自利，而沒有任何解釋，我們就會(huì)假設(shè)他們有隱藏的動(dòng)機(jī)，并推斷會(huì)有“幻影成本”，想象的后果會(huì)降低Vonasch所說(shuō)的提議的“心理價(jià)值”，超出當(dāng)前時(shí)刻的因素可能會(huì)起作用。Vonasch說(shuō)：“理解別人的過(guò)度慷慨可能會(huì)讓我們欠他們的債，這也有助于解釋人們的不情愿。”)”可知，害怕“幻影成本”這一因素解釋了這一現(xiàn)象。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchersalsoshowedhowtomitigate(減輕)theeffect:simplyprovideareasonforthedeal.(研究人員還展示了如何減輕這種影響：簡(jiǎn)單地提供一個(gè)交易的理由)”以及““Uncomfortableseatsaren’ttypicallyasellingpoint,”Vonaschsays.“Buttellingpeopletheseatswereuncomfortablemadethemmorewillingtotakethembecauseitwassufficientexplanation.”(“不舒服的座位通常不是賣點(diǎn)，”沃納什說(shuō)?！暗嬖V人們座位不舒服會(huì)讓他們更愿意坐，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)充分的解釋?！?”可知，作者提到“廉價(jià)航班”實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了表明給出理由可以增加提議的接受度。故選D。第二節(jié)：七選五(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Onelittlepuff(噴煙),onelittlesip.Comeon,giveitatryandbelikeeveryoneelse.___36___You’renotalone.Expertssaykidsarehavingtodealwithpressuretodrinkandsmokeatanearlierage.“Itseemstobestartingyoungerandyounger,”s