信息必刷卷 05(北京專用)(解析版)

答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁年高考英語考前信息必刷卷05北京專用北京屬于自主命題地區(qū)，2022年統(tǒng)考英語聽說考試與筆試分離，實行計算機考試，一年兩次考試，取聽說最高成績與筆試成績一同組成英語科目成績計入高考總分。英語聽說考試共計50分，英語科目總成績滿分150分。筆試部分題型：完形填空（10小題，滿分15分）+短文填空（三篇短文10小題，滿分15分）+閱讀理解（四篇短文14小題，滿分28分）+七選五（5小題，滿分10分）+閱讀回答問題（4小題，滿分12分）+書面表達（1小題，滿分20分）.回顧2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇記敘文，考查點：動詞詞義辨析（4個），動詞短語（1個），形容詞（3個），副詞（1個），名詞（1個）。語法填空A篇是一篇記敘文，考查點：介詞，不定式，動詞時態(tài)各一題；B篇是說明文，考查點:非謂語，賓語從句，主謂一致各一題；C篇是記敘文，考查點：反身代詞，定語從句，形容詞比較級，動詞時態(tài)各一題。閱讀理解A篇應(yīng)用文，考查點：細節(jié)理解題（3題）；B篇記敘文，考查點：細節(jié)理解題（3題），推理判斷題（1題）；C篇說明文，推理判斷題（2題），細節(jié)理解題（1題）；D篇，議論文，（推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測題，主旨大意題各一。）閱讀表達是一篇說明文，寫作是一篇應(yīng)用文-建議信。本套試卷完形填空是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述約翰·歐恩斯在威斯康星州的荒野外救助一只掉入陷阱里大灰狼。短文填空（A篇是一篇說明文。介紹了黑洞的性質(zhì)，形成，名字的由來；B篇一篇新聞報道。文章講述了中國北方遭遇的一場十年來最大的沙塵暴。C篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是積極壓力的重要性）。閱讀理解（A篇是應(yīng)用文。介紹了一份來自世界各地衛(wèi)生組織的旅行指南清單，幫助游客考慮旅行時應(yīng)采取的措施，以降低健康風險；B篇是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在40多歲的時候申請成為一名兼職學生，之后不斷努力學習，終于能夠?qū)懗鲆黄线m的學術(shù)論文的故事；C篇是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Craven從最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩學游泳，最終激勵了她去游泳的故事。這個故事證明了世上無難事，只怕有心人的道理；D篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款新的軟件，這款名為FIT的軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時幫助保護主義者來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并保護這些瀕危物種免受偷獵者的傷害）。七選五是說明文。文章建議四個感恩練習來享受感恩的好處。閱讀表達是一篇記敘文。書面表達是應(yīng)用文。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。JohnOenswasanenthusiastichunterandenjoyedbeinginthewoods.OnceintotheWisconsinwildernessinNovember,histeamencounteredsomethingunbelievablewhenhecheckedthe___1___.Insteadofacoyote,hesawahugetimberwolf,whichisontheendangeredspecieslist,tryingtogetfree.Johnrealizedhecouldn’t___2___thiswolf,sincetheanimalmightdieofexposure.However,hehadtoputhis___3___onthelinetofreethecreature.Hisheartwaspoundingwhileheprepared.Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夾板).___4___,theycouldfigureitoutwithoutthegun.Alittletimehadpassedsincetheyfoundthewolf,butitseemedlikeaneternity(永恒)toJohn.Whenhisdadreturned,Johnputtheplaninmotion.He___5___theplywood,usingitashisshield(盾牌).Whileallthathappened,hisfriendfilmedeverything.Hisdadwasalsoavailabletofirethegunifthewolfdecidedtoattack.Theywerepreparedbut___6___!John___7___closerandcloserallthewhile.Hisdadwasareassuringsightforhim.Johnlookedathisfriendformoralsupport,___8___thatnowwaswhentheactionstarted.Finally,Johnfreedthewolf’spawfromthetrap.Ittookonemomentforittospinandflyaway.Thethreemenwerehappybecausethewolfwasfree,andJohnwasstillsafe.Whentheyviewedthevideotoseeitall___9___later,theynoticedthewolflookatJohnforabriefmomentbeforerunningbacktothewoods.Wasithiswayofshowingappreciation?Anyhow,Johnmadethebest_____10_____!1．A．traps B．plans C．routes D．numbers2．A．free B．help C．miss D．a(chǎn)bandon3．A．hands B．life C．mind D．hope4．A．Hopefully B．Excitedly C．Finally D．Causally5．A．tookover B．setdown C．pickedup D．gaveaway6．A．determined B．interested C．scared D．disappointed7．A．checked B．inched C．rushed D．rolled8．A．signaling B．guessing C．remembering D．deciding9．A．develop B．unfold C．end D．record10．A．challenge B．preparation C．choice D．discovery【答案】1．A

2．D

3．B

4．A

5．C

6．C

7．B

8．D

9．B

10．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述約翰·歐恩斯在威斯康星州的荒野外救助一只掉入陷阱里大灰狼。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年11月，他的團隊進入威斯康星州的荒野，在檢查陷阱時遇到了難以置信的事情。A.traps陷阱；B.plans計劃；C.routes路線；D.numbers數(shù)字。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Finally,Johnfreedthewolf’spawfromthetrap.”可知，約翰·歐恩斯和他的團隊檢查陷阱時發(fā)現(xiàn)了大灰狼。故選A。2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：約翰意識到他不能拋棄這只狼，因為它可能會凍死。A.free釋放；B.help幫助；C.miss錯過；D.abandon拋棄。根據(jù)“sincetheanimalmightdieofexposure.”可知，為了不讓狼凍死，所以約翰決定不拋棄這只狼。故選D。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他不得不冒著生命危險去解救它。A.hands手；B.life生命；C.mind想法；D.hope希望。putone’slifeontheline冒著生命危險。根據(jù)第四段“Hisdadwasalsoavailabletofirethegunifthewolfdecidedtoattack.”可知，約翰冒著生命危險去解救掉到陷阱里的狼。故選B。4．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：希望他們不用槍也能把它救出來。A.Hopefully懷著希望地；B.Excitedly激動地；C.Finally最終；D.Causally有原因地。根據(jù)“Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夾板).”可知，他們希望不用槍也能把狼救出來。故選A。5．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他撿起夾板，把它當作盾牌。A.tookover接受；B.setdown寫下；C.pickedup撿起；D.gaveaway贈送。根據(jù)“Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夾板).”和“usingitashisshield(盾牌).”可知，約翰撿起夾板當作盾牌，以防狼的攻擊。故選C。6．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們準備好了，但是很害怕!A.determined堅定的；B.interested有趣的；C.scared害怕的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)“Theywereprepared”和轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，雖然準備好了，但仍然很害怕。故選C。7．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，約翰慢慢地越靠越近。A.checked檢查；B.inched慢慢移動；C.rushed猛沖；D.rolled滾動。根據(jù)“closerandcloserallthewhile”可知，約翰慢慢移動去靠近狼。故選B。8．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：約翰看著他的朋友尋求精神上的支持，決定現(xiàn)在是行動開始的時候了。A.signaling表示；B.guessing猜；C.remembering記得；D.deciding決定。根據(jù)“Johnlookedathisfriendformoralsupport,”可知，有了朋友的支持，約翰決定開始營救狼了。故選D。9．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他們隨后觀看視頻時，他們注意到這只狼看了約翰一會兒，然后跑回了樹林。A.develop發(fā)展；B.unfold打開；C.end結(jié)束；D.record記錄。根據(jù)第四段“Whileallthathappened,hisfriendfilmedeverything.”可知，因為朋友全程錄制了視頻，所以營救過狼之后他們打開所錄制的視頻。故選B。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論如何，約翰做了最好的選擇!

A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.preparation準備；C.choice選擇；D.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“Whentheyviewedthevideotoseeitall___9___later,theynoticedthewolflookatJohnforabriefmomentbeforerunningbacktothewoods.Wasithiswayofshowingappreciation?”可知，約翰成功地營救出狼，做出了最好的選擇。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ablackholeisaspotinspacethathas____11____(power)gravity.Itsgravityissostrongthatitpullseverythingnearbyintoit,stars,planetsandotherthings.Blackholesformwhenastardies.Whenthathappens,ahugeamountofmattercrowdsintoaverysmallspace,which____12____(become)verydense.Blackholes____13____(talk)aboutin1783first.Thatyear,onescientistsaidthatintheuniverse,theremightbeplaceswithstronggravitytotraplight,althoughhedidn’tusetheterm“blackhole”.【答案】11．powerful

12．becomes

13．weretalked【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了黑洞的性質(zhì)，形成，名字的由來。11．考查形容詞。句意：黑洞是空間中具有強大引力的點?？蘸鬄槊~，所以空處應(yīng)為形容詞作定語修飾名詞。故填powerful。12．考查時態(tài)。句意：當這種情況發(fā)生時，大量的物質(zhì)擠進一個非常小的空間，這個空間變得非常致密。分析句子成分可知，照應(yīng)本句其他謂語動詞的時態(tài)，所以become也應(yīng)一般現(xiàn)在時；而且在which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞“asmallspace”，為單數(shù)，所以定語從句的謂語動詞也應(yīng)單數(shù)。故填becomes。13．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：黑洞最早在1783年被討論。本句時間狀語為1783，所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時。且主語為“blackholes”，所以謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，且應(yīng)用被動。所以謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，且復(fù)數(shù)。故填weretalked。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。BeijingresidentswokeuptoyellowskyonSundaymorningasnorthernChina

____14____(hit)bythelargestsandstormofthedecade.Airpollutionreadingsrosetotheupperlimitof500at8a.m.,accordingtodatafromthecity'senvironmentalmonitorycenter,asvisibilitywasreducedto____15____(little)than1,000metersinpartsofthecity.Thecity'sweatherbureauadvisedresidentstostayindoorsasmuchaspossible,whileexpertsareworkingtofindout____16____thesandstormcameintobeing.【答案】14．washit/hadbeenhit/wasbeinghit

15．less

16．how/why【分析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了中國北方遭遇的一場十年來最大的沙塵暴。14．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：周日早上，北京居民一覺醒來就看到了黃色的天空，中國北方遭遇了（正在遭遇）十年來最大的沙塵暴。此處缺乏謂語，動詞hit意為“襲擊”，和主語northernChina構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，主語是單數(shù)，謂語也用單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)“BeijingresidentswokeuptoyellowskyonSundaymorning”可知，此處是講過去的事，可以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；也可以表示中國北方先遭遇了沙塵暴，北京居民一覺醒來就看到了黃色的天空，即“過去的過去”，這樣應(yīng)使用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)；還可以表示中國北方正在遭遇沙塵暴，北京居民一覺醒來就看到了黃色的天空，這樣應(yīng)使用過去進行時的被動語態(tài)。故填washit/hadbeenhit/wasbeinghit。15．考查比較級。句意：北京市環(huán)境監(jiān)測中心的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，上午8點，空氣污染指數(shù)升至500的上限，部分地區(qū)能見度降至不到1000米。根據(jù)than可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級。故填less。16．考查賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：北京市氣象局建議居民盡量待在室內(nèi)，同時專家們正在調(diào)查沙塵暴是如何（為何）形成的。介詞out后接賓語從句，根據(jù)“expertsareworkingtofindout”可知，此處是指調(diào)查沙塵暴是如何形成的或為何形成的，所以應(yīng)用how或why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故填how/why。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Governmentsatalllevelshavemadecontinuouseffortstoreducethefinancialburdenonhouserenters,especiallythose

____17____arenewcollegegraduates.AreportbytheMeadinAcademysaysthatcollegegraduates____18____(survey)prefertoliveinapartmentsnearthecompaniesorrailwaystationstofacilitatetheircommute(通勤).Astohouserents,mostcollegegraduatesstillneed____19____(assistant)fromtheirparentsandonlyabout20percentofthempaytherentthemselves.____20____(help)lowerthefinancialburdensofyoungpeople,manygovernmentsandcompanieshavegiventheirsupportinhouserentals.【答案】17．who

18．surveyed

19．a(chǎn)ssistance

20．Tohelp【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了各級政府不斷努力減輕租房者的經(jīng)濟負擔，特別是剛畢業(yè)的大學生。17．考查定語從句。句意：各級政府不斷努力減輕租房者的經(jīng)濟負擔，特別是剛畢業(yè)的大學生。分析可知，空處及之后的內(nèi)容為定語從句，先行詞為those，指人，在從句中作主語，所以此處用關(guān)系代詞who，故填who。18．考查非謂語動詞。句意：MeadinAcademy的一份報告稱，接受調(diào)查的大學畢業(yè)生更喜歡住在公司或火車站附近的公寓里，以方便他們上下班。分析句子可知，空處在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中作定語，修飾主語collegegraduates，從句的謂語prefer，動詞survey和句子主語為動賓關(guān)系，所以此處用過去分詞surveyed，故填surveyed。19．考查名詞。句意：至于房租，大多數(shù)大學畢業(yè)生仍然需要父母的幫助，只有20%左右的大學畢業(yè)生自己付房租?？仗幵诰渲凶鲃釉~need的賓語，所以用名詞assistance，為不可數(shù)名詞，故填assistance。20．考查非謂語。句意：為了幫助減輕年輕人的經(jīng)濟負擔，許多政府和公司在房屋租賃方面給予了支持。分析句子可知，逗號前的所有內(nèi)容在句中為目的狀語，表示“政府和公司在房屋租賃方面給予支持”的目的，所有用不定式。因處于句首，所以首字母大寫。故填Tohelp。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.Pleasereviewallinformationthatyouneedtoprotectyourself.WashyourhandsoftenWashyourhandsfrequentlyandthoroughlyforatleast20secondswithsoapandwater.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,useahandsanitizer(洗手液)thatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,noseandmouthwithunwashedhands.WearamaskCleanyourhandswithaleohol-basedhandsanitizer,orsoapandwater,beforeputtingonamask.Coveryourmouthandnosewithamaskorfacecoveringandmakesuretherearenogapsbetweenyourfaceandthemask.Avoidtouchingthemaskwhileusingit;ifyoudo,cleanyourhands.CoughingandsneezingetiquetteIfyouarenotwearingamask,coveryourmouthornosewithaflexedelboworusedisposabletissueanddiscardimmediatelyafteruse.Cleanhandswithalcohol-basedhandsanitizerorsoapandwateraftercoughingorsneezing.SocialdistancingMaintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.AvoidtravelingifunwellIfyouhaveafever,cough,difficultybreathing,asorethroatorhaveseenrecentchangesintasteorsmell,medicalprofessionalsrecommendyounottravel.Ifyougetsickduringthetrip,staywhereyouareandfollowtheadviceoflocalofficials.AnticipatetravelneedsBringenoughofyourmedicinetolastyoufortheentiretripandhaveprescriptionpaperworkwithyouiftravelinginternationally.Considerpackingenoughalcoholbasedhandsanitizerandkeepitwithineasyreach;butremembersomeairportsorairlinesmayhavelimitationsonvolumeofliquidsyoucancarry.Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.21．Whatisthetextintendedtohelppeopledo?A．Travelsmarter. B．Travelsafer. C．Travellighter. D．Travelforfree.22．Whatinformationdoestheauthorprovide?A．Carryingasoapatalltimes. B．Coughingwithyourmaskoff.C．Keepingapropersocialdistance. D．Goingbackhomeifyoufeelsick.23．Whatdoestheauthorrecommendcarryingincaseyouneed?A．Alcohol. B．Facecloth. C．Foodanddrinks. D．Medicinepackaging.【答案】21．B

22．C

23．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了一份來自世界各地衛(wèi)生組織的旅行指南清單，幫助游客考慮旅行時應(yīng)采取的措施，以降低健康風險。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Wehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.(我們有一份來自世界各地衛(wèi)生組織的旅行指南清單，幫助你考慮應(yīng)該采取的措施，以幫助你在旅行時減少健康風險)”可知，這篇文章想要幫助人們減少健康風險，更安全的旅行。故選B項。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題Socialdistancing下的段落中“Maintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.(你和別人之間保持至少6英尺或2米(大約2個手臂長度)的距離)”可知，作者在文章中提到了保持適當?shù)纳缃痪嚯x。故選C項。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題Anticipatetravelneeds下的段落中“Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.(帶上一些食物以防餐館和商店關(guān)門，但要記住一些航空公司可能會限制你攜帶食物和飲料的能力)”可知，作者建議攜帶食物和飲料以備不時之需。故選C項。BThefirstessayIwroteformyhistoryofEnglishclasswasperfect,atleastfrommyperspective.Ihadworkedonitconstantlyandcouldn’twaittogetmygradeback.Ihandeditinwithpride.Twoweekslater,Ireceivedmygrade:aD．Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.ButIneverstoppedwonderingwhatuniversitywouldhavebeenlike.Iwasinmy40swhenIsentinmyapplicationandasapart-timestudent,Iwillbeinmy60sbeforeI’mfinished.That’smygoal.What’sitliketobetheoldguyinaclassfullof20-year-olds?It’sstrange.Theyprettymuchignoredme,andIignoredthem.Theyalsoignoredeachother.However,afterwehadmoregroupworktogether,peoplestartedtocommunicate.AlthoughIwasanEnglishmajor,someofmyfavoriteclasseswereunrelatedelectives.CoursesinarthistoryandGreekandRomanhistorywerefascinating.Iwaseagertodowell.Iarrangedameetingtodiscussmyessaygradeandarrived10minutesearlytomeettheteacher’sassistantIwasreadytoargueforthebrillianceofmypaper.However,shequicklyexplainedtomethatthepaperfailedtomakeastrongargument.Themarkremained.Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.Universityisdifferentwhenyouareasenior,part-timestudent.Ifyouaretheretoestablishacareerorbecauseyourparentsforcedyoutogo,thereareotherpressures.Forme,it’sjustlearning.WhetherI’mlearningremotelyorinperson,itmakestheworldabigger,richerplace.24．Whydidthewriterstartuniversitylaterthanothers?A．Hisapplicationwasrefused. B．Histeacherdislikedhisessay.C．Hisfamilywasnotrichenough. D．Hishealthdidnotmeetthestandard.25．Howdidthewriterfeelafterreceivingthegradeofhisfirstessay?A．Surprised. B．Pleased C．Excited. D．Hopeless26．Whathelpedthewriterinwritingaproperacademicessay?A．Strongcuriosity. B．Constantefforts.C．Greatpressure. D．Remarkablecreativity.27．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PracticeMakesPerfectB．NotAllThatShinesIsGoldC．WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWayD．ActionSpeaksLouderThanWords【答案】24．C

25．A

26．B

27．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在40多歲的時候申請成為一名兼職學生，之后不斷努力學習，終于能夠?qū)懗鲆黄线m的學術(shù)論文的故事。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.(我上大學比大多數(shù)人都晚。在我年輕的時候，沒有這樣的機會——家里孩子太多，錢太少。)”可知，作者上大學比其他人晚是因為他的家庭不夠富裕。故選C。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.(紙上用紅色字體標出錯誤。一定是弄錯了。)”可知，作者在收到第一篇作文的分數(shù)后覺得驚訝，故選A。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.(我不斷地學習，不斷地學習，我愛上了二十幾位我從未聽說過的作家，探索了我從未研究過的文學類型。最終，我學會了如何用正確的學術(shù)散文寫一篇文章。)”可知，不斷的努力幫助作者寫出一篇合適的學術(shù)論文。故選B。27．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段的“Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.(我不斷地學習，不斷地學習，我愛上了二十幾位我從未聽說過的作家，探索了我從未研究過的文學類型。最終，我學會了如何用正確的學術(shù)散文寫一篇文章。)”可知，本文主要講的是作者在40多歲的時候申請成為一名兼職學生，之后不斷努力學習，終于能夠?qū)懗鲆黄线m的學術(shù)論文的故事，說明了“有志者事竟成”這個道理，因此最好的題目是C選項“WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWay(有志者事竟成)”，故選C。CIt’sthegreenwallofherschoolswimmingpoolthatJillCravenremembersbest,asshefeltherteacher’shandonherhead,guidingherunderwater.“Youknowhowtimeslows?Goingunder.Watching...”shesays.ThiswasinPalmerstonNorth,whenshewasfive.Whileherthreeoldersiblingscouldswimhalfamileormore,shewoulddoanythingtoavoidswimminglessons.Inher20s,shemovedtoLondontopursueacareerinjournalism.Sheinsistedshehadneverfearedforhercareer,butshestillhadthislifelongfearofbeingunderwater.However,whensheretired,Cravenwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer,andwasadvisedtoswimaspartofherrecovery.Stillfindingthefearundefeatable,shetookupwaterjogginginstead-liketreadingwater(踩水),butmoving-withafloatationaidaroundhermiddle.Shecouldgetherfeetofthebottomofthepoolforaquickdoggypaddle,butanythingmorewasbeyondher.Onedayatthepool,shesawagroupofchildrenhavingalesson.Itwasanindoorpool,niceandwarm,andthechildrenwerefiveorsix.“Ijustthought,it’stimetodothis,”shesays.“WhoknowswhatIlookedlike.Aneggbeater,”shecontinues.“Ididfivestrokes,orsix.Iwassoproudofmyself”.Thenalifeguardencouragedhertocontinueandtoldherhowtobreathe.Afriendgavehergoggles.HernieceJustinewalkedbesidethepoolclapping,andCravenfeltasifshehadwonagoldmedal.JustineboughtCravenlessonsforher69thbirthday.Beforelong,Cravenhadswumalengthwithherfaceinthewater.Whenherinstructortoldhertositonthebottomofthepool,Cravenfeltlikegoingbacktobeingafive-year-old.Shehungontothestairsasshewentdown.Butshedidit!Shestayedthereforafewseconds!NowCravenswimstwiceaweek:fivelengths,sometimes10,witharestaftereach.“Ijustthinkyouneedtodothingsifyoucan.Ifyoucan,youmust.”shesays.28．WhydidCravenchoosewaterjogginginsteadofswimming?A．Shehatedlosingface.B．Shelikedtreadingwater.C．Shewasafraidtoswim.D．Shewasfondoffloating.29．WhatinspiredCraventotryswimmingagain?A．Thesightofkidslearningswimming.B．ThesupportofhernieceJustine.C．Theencouragementfromalifeguard.D．Thedoctor’sadviceonherrecovery.30．Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?A．Oncebitten,twiceshy.B．Youcanneverteachanolddognewtricks.C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.【答案】28．C

29．A

30．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Craven從最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩學游泳，最終激勵了她去游泳的故事。這個故事證明了世上無難事，只怕有心人的道理。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Sheinsistedshehadneverfearedforhercareer,butshestillhadthislifelongfearofbeingunderwater.”（她堅稱自己從未擔心過自己的職業(yè)生涯，但她一生都害怕被水淹沒。）第三段中“Cravenwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer,andwasadvisedtoswimaspartofherrecovery.Stillfindingthefearundefeatable,shetookupwaterjogginginstead”（Craven被診斷出患有乳腺癌，作為康復(fù)的一部分，醫(yī)生建議她去游泳。她仍然覺得恐懼是無法戰(zhàn)勝的，于是開始了水上慢跑。）可知，Craven選擇水上慢跑而不是游泳是因為她害怕被水淹沒，即她害怕游泳。故選C。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Onedayatthepool,shesawagroupofchildrenhavingalesson.Itwasanindoorpool,niceandwarm,andthechildrenwerefiveorsix.“Ijustthought,it’stimetodothis,”shesays.”（一天在游泳池，她看見一群孩子在上課。那是一個室內(nèi)游泳池，溫暖舒適，孩子們只有五六歲?！拔抑皇窍?，是時候這么做了,”她說。）可知，是因為有一天她看到了一群小孩在上游泳課，激勵了她去游泳。故選A。30．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了Craven從最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩學游泳，最終激勵了她去游泳的故事。所以這個故事證明了世上無難事，只怕有心人的道理。選項A.“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井繩?！?；選項B.“朽木不可雕也”；選項C.“熟能生巧”，故選D。DInteractivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷獵者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.Thesoftware,calledtheFootprintIdentificationTechnique(FIT),usesadvancedtechnologytoanalyzemorethan100measurementsofarhino'sfootprint.Becauseeachrhino'sfootprintisasspecialasahumanfingerprint,theanalyzedimagescanbecollectedelectronicallyinaglobaldatabaseofpreviouslycollectedfootprintimagesformatching.“Ifyoufindamatch,youcanidentifytheindividualanimalwholeftthemarkand,byplottingthelocationsofalltheotherplaceswheremarkshavebeenseen,trackitsmovementswithoutdisturbingitorcomingintocloseenoughcontactwithit,”saidZoeJewell,aprofessoratDukeUniversity'sNicholasSchooloftheEnvironment,whoco-ledthestudyandisco-creatorofFIT.“It'sacost-effectiveapproachthatnotonlyprotectsthehealthoftherhinoandthehuman,butalsobringsacenturies-oldtrackingskillintothe21stCentury,”shesaid.JewellandhercolleaguesarenowworkingwithNamibia'sMinistryofEnvironment,ForestryandTourismtotrainwildlifeconservationists,landmanagersandlocalguideshowtouseFIT.Namibiaishometoanestimated2,000blackrhinos,orabout90%ofthespecies'totalpopulationworldwide.Thoughlegallyownedbythegovernment,theanimalsaredistributedgeographicallyonprivatelandsacrossthecountry.TheFITsoftwarecanalsodoasurveyoffootprintsthroughouttheprotectedareaandtakemeasurementsfromeachfootprinttoestimatethenumberofrhinosinthatarea.Thiscanbeusefulinformationforcalculationresourceneedstomonitortheanimalseffectively.Thiscreatesaninteractivelibrarythatanti-poachingpatrols(反偷獵巡邏)canusetosearchforanimalsatthehighestrisk,includingthosewhosefootprintshaven’tbeenshowingupinrecentyears.31．Whatisthepurposeofthesoftware?A．Topromotethedevelopmentoftechnology.B．Toprotectblackrhinosfrombeinghunted.C．Toanalyzethefootprintsofillegalpoachers.D．Tosaveendangeredspeciesacrosstheworld.32．What’stheadvantageofthesoftware?A．Itownsvariousfunctions. B．Itgoestothemarket.C．Itisperfectlypractical. D．Itismorethanpopular.33．WhatdoesZoeJewellsayabouttheapproach?A．Itbringsthebestadvantageforthelowestcost.B．Ithelpsincreasethepopulationofblackrhinos.C．Itraisespeople'sawarenessoftheenvironment.D．Itstrengthensthetiebetweenhumansandnature.34．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureofrhinos?A．Optimistic. B．Hopeless. C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.【答案】31．B

32．C

33．A

34．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款新的軟件，這款名為FIT的軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時幫助保護主義者來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并保護這些瀕危物種免受偷獵者的傷害。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Interactivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷獵者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.”（杜克大學領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項研究表明，能夠“讀取”和分析黑犀牛留下的足跡的交互式軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，給保護主義者提供了一種新的方法來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并幫助保護它們免受偷獵者的傷害。）可知，交互式軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時給保護主義者提供了一種新的方法來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并幫助保護它們免受偷獵者的傷害。故選B。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesoftware,calledtheFootprintIdentificationTechnique(FIT),usesadvancedtechnologytoanalyzemorethan100measurementsofarhino'sfootprint.Becauseeachrhino'sfootprintisasspecialasahumanfingerprint,theanalyzedimagescanbecollectedelectronicallyinaglobaldatabaseofpreviouslycollectedfootprintimagesformatching.”（這款名為“足跡識別技術(shù)”(FIT)的軟件利用先進技術(shù)分析了100多種犀牛足跡測量數(shù)據(jù)。由于每只犀牛的足跡都像人類的指紋一樣特殊，所以分析后的圖像可以通過電子方式收集到先前收集的足跡圖像的全球數(shù)據(jù)庫中進行匹配。）可知，這款軟件可以通過采集犀牛的足跡，然后會和先前收集的足跡圖像的全球數(shù)據(jù)庫中進行匹配。可推知，這款軟件是非常實用的。故選C。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句““It'sacost-effectiveapproachthatnotonlyprotectsthehealthoftherhinoandthehuman,butalsobringsacenturies-oldtrackingskillintothe21stCentury,”shesaid.”（她說：“這是一種成本效益高的方法，不僅能保護犀牛和人類的健康，而且能將一種有幾個世紀歷史的追蹤技術(shù)帶入21世紀?！保┛芍?，認為ZoeJewell它以最低的成本帶來最大的優(yōu)勢。故選A。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Interactivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷獵者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.”（杜克大學領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項研究表明，能夠“讀取”和分析黑犀牛留下的足跡的交互式軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，給保護主義者提供了一種新的方法來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并幫助保護它們免受偷獵者的傷害。）最后一段“TheFITsoftwarecanalsodoasurveyoffootprintsthroughouttheprotectedareaandtakemeasurementsfromeachfootprinttoestimatethenumberofrhinosinthatarea.Thiscanbeusefulinformationforcalculationresourceneedstomonitortheanimalseffectively.Thiscreatesaninteractivelibrarythatanti-poachingpatrols(反偷獵巡邏)canusetosearchforanimalsatthehighestrisk,includingthosewhosefootprintshaven’tbeenshowingupinrecentyears.”（FIT軟件還可以對整個保護區(qū)的足跡進行調(diào)查，并對每個足跡進行測量，以估計該區(qū)域的犀牛數(shù)量。這可以為計算資源需求提供有用的信息，有效地監(jiān)控動物。這就創(chuàng)建了一個互動圖書館，反偷獵巡邏隊可以利用這個圖書館搜索處于最高風險的動物，包括那些近年來沒有出現(xiàn)足跡的動物。）可知，F(xiàn)IT軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時幫助保護主義者來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并保護這些瀕危物種免受偷獵者的傷害。通過使用FIT，可以對整個保護區(qū)的足跡進行調(diào)查，并對每個足跡進行測量，以估計該區(qū)域的犀牛數(shù)量，因而未來犀牛的數(shù)量應(yīng)該是朝著人們期望的方向發(fā)展。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gratitude(感激之情)doesmorethanjustimproveyourmoodforthemoment.Itactuallychangesyourmindsetandplaysamajorroleinsuccessandoverallhappiness.____35____Enjoythebenefitsoffeelingthankfulwiththesefourgratitudepracticeseveryday.Showyourappreciationforothers.Whenyouthinkofgratitudeexercises,youhaveprobablyalreadyheardofsuggestionslikekeepingagratitudejournal.Yetevenmorebeneficialthancountingyourblessingsisreceivingthanksfromothers.Toencourageactsofgratitude,leadbyexample.____36____Youcreateanenvironmentofopengratitude,andyoumayevenreceivethesameappreciationinreturn.____37____Encouragegratitude.Inaninterview,researchprofessorDr.BrenéBrownexplainedherdailypracticestoencouragegratitudeamonghercolleagues.Shegatherspostersandputsanameofacoworkeroneachboard.Theneveryonegoesaroundandwritesanicethingaboutthatpersonundertheirname.Youcancreateyourowngroupgratitudeexerciseslikethistoencouragepositivityandappreciationamongfriends,family,oratwork.Feelinspiredbygratitudestories.____38____Lookforpeopleinyourlife,orinthemedia,whohavestruggledandsucceededthankstothesupportofothers.Havingempathy(同理心)isgoodforyou.Startyourdaywithamorninggratitudepractice.____39____Sowhynotstartitfromaplaceofgratitudeandgrace?Eachmorning,beforeyougetoutofbed,takeamomenttocountyourblessings.Trytothinkofthreetofivethingsyoufeelgratefulfortoday.Thismayimproveyourmentalhealth,aswellasofferyouapositivestarttoyourday!A．Creategroupgratitudepractices.B．Learntotreasurethepresentmoment.C．So,putalittlegratitudeintoyourroutine!D．Feedyourbrainwithgoodnewsandgratitudestories!E．Practicegratitudewheneveryouareinthemoodforit.F．Thewayyoustartyourmorningsetsthetonefortherestoftheday.G．Showyourappreciationtowardotherswhenyougenuinelyfeelthatway.【答案】35．C

36．G

37．A

38．D

39．F【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章建議四個感恩練習來享受感恩的好處。35．根據(jù)空前“Gratitude(感激之情)doesmorethanjustimproveyourmoodforthemoment.Itactuallychangesyourmindsetandplaysama