2024北京四中高三（上）期中英語(yǔ)（教師版）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)2024北京四中高三（上）期中英語(yǔ)（試卷滿分為100分，考試時(shí)間為90分鐘）第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AnUnexpectedGiftTwelve-year-oldMathewFloresisdifferentfromotherkids.Helovesjunk(垃圾)mail,andtheseadvertisementsweretheonlyreadingmaterials___1___tohim.Onceheaskedhismailmanifhecouldofferhimsome.Thequestion___2___themailman.Heaskedtheboythereason,andthenrecordedhis___3___inhisFacebook.“Todaywhiledeliveringmail,Isawaboyreadingads,andheaskedmeforextramail.Actuallyhewantstogotothelibrary,buthisfamilyisverypoorandcan’t___4___thebus.”ThemailmanthenaskedhisFacebookfriendsiftheycould___5___somebooksfortheboy.Hewrote,“Mostkidswantelectronicproducts!Butwhathewantsisbooks.It’sgreattoseehisrare___6___,andyoumayhaveseenhimsmilewhenIsaidIcouldhelphim!”“Heiscountingonme,”heconcluded.“SoIamcountingonyou!”ThemailmanthoughttheFacebookpostmight___7___50to60books.Buthis___8___waspassedonquickly.Peoplefromaroundtheworld,includingtheUK,AustraliaandIndia,havesentbooks.Hundredsofbookshavebeendeliveredtotheboy’sdoor,withhundredsmore___9___ontheirway.Whenbooksfirststartedarriving,Floreswasshockedbywhathappened.“Ithoughttheywere____10____,buttheyindeedwereforme.”Hesaysthathecan’twaittosharethebookswithotherkids,andhaspromisedtoreadeveryone.1.A.natural B.available C.common D.familiar2.A.frightened B.disappointed C.surprised D.amused3.A.response B.effort C.decision D.comment4.A.own B.take C.share D.afford5.A.adjust B.examine C.spare D.publish6.A.desire B.effect C.purpose D.value7.A.giveaway B.bringin C.takeon D.putup8.A.belief B.spirit C.secret D.request9.A.only B.nearly C.still D.thus10.A.mistaken B.helpless C.unusual D.awkward第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TheInternationalWorkers’Day,also___11___(call)LaborDayorMayDay,servesasacelebrationofworkersacrossthewholesocialspectrum(范圍).Chinesepeoplecelebratetheirholidaywitharangeofactivities.It’satime___12___relaxation,asworkersenjoyadayoff.Thisyear’sholidaylastedfromMay1toMay5,duringwhichtimemanypeoplechose___13___(travel)toscenicspots,goshopping,visitexhibitions,orjustenjoytheirtimeoffworkwithfamilyandfriends.Parksandpublicattractionsacrossthecountrywerefilledwithvisitorseagertoenjoytheirvacation.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。InMiskolc,anortheasterncityinHungary,FanLiyunhaswitnessed___14___acupofteamakesadifferenceinculturalexchanges.Fan,59,___15___(work)attheConfuciusInstituteoftheUniversityofMiskolcasaChineseteachercurrently.Sheobservesthattheinstituteisseeingmorestudentswhoarecuriousabouttheinstitute’scoursesthisspringsemester.“Weusuallyheldactivitiestoattractstudentsbeforenewsemesters.Butitseemsit’snolongernecessaryaswealmost___16___(finish)enrollmentbeforethissemesterstarted,saidFan,whowasknownasKristibyherstudents.“Ithinknowthenumberofstudents___17___(study)inourinstitutehasatleastdoubled,comparedtowhenIfirstarrivedherein2019.”C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Thecrisisoffoodwasteand___18___(lose)hasreachedalarminglevelsglobally,graduallyweakeningeffortstoeliminatehunger,povertyandenvironmentalpollution,saidtheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram(UNEP)inanewreportlaunchedWednesday.TheUNEPFoodWasteIndexReport2024thesecondeditionofthiskind,___19___(launch)inNairobi,theKenyancapital,aheadoftheInternationalDayofZeroWastewhichfallsonSaturday.Theworldwasted1.05billiontonsoffoodin2022,equivalentto132kilogramsperpersonandone-fifthofallfoodavailabletoconsumers,saidthereport___20___wasco-authoredbyUNEPandWRAP,aBritishenvironmentalcharity.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATherearemanywaystogetinvolvedandvolunteerattheNationalMuseumofAmericanHistory.BecomingaMuseumAmbassadorisoneofthem.Tolearnmoreaboutthisvolunteerprogram,pleaseseethedescriptionsbelow.MuseumAmbassadorsattheAmericanHistoryMuseumareamobilesourceofinformationthathelpsbridgethegapbetweentwoothervolunteergroupshereatthemuseum—informationdeskspecialists,whoprovideorientation(方向)assistancewhenguestsarrive,andvolunteerdocents(講師),whoprovideHighlightstours,facilitatehands-ondemonstrationsandcirculatethroughmanyofourexhibitionstointeractwithvisitors.Eachyear,ourMuseumAmbassadorshelpover100,000peoplegetthemostoutoftheirvisitsbywelcominggroups,circulatingthroughoutthemuseum'spubliczonestoanswerbasicquestions,anddirectingvisitorstoprogramsandexhibitionsofinterest.ThemuseumhasalsoemployedtheMuseumAmbassadorstoassistwithspecialprojectsandeventsasneeded.TolearnmoreaboutwhatMuseumAmbassadorsdo,checkoutwhatLarryhassaid,“Asmuseumambassadors,wegettoshareinthecuriosityofachild,thenostalgia(懷舊)ofreturningvisitors,thetreasurehuntofstudentsassignedtofindimportanthistoricalobjects,andtheamazementofthoseexperiencingoureyeonthenation'shistoryforthefirsttime.Wecanhelprecommendameaningfulmuseumvisitjustforyou.There'smore.We'realsotrafficcopswhenelevatorsandescalatorsbreakandextraeyesformuseumsecurity."Ifyouenjoy…?interactingwithdiverseaudiences,agegroupsandlearningstyles.?workinginanoftenbusyandchangingenvironment.Ifyouhave…?stronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills.?aninterestinhistoryandcommunication.Ifyoucan…committothreeshiftsamonth(weekdayAmbassadors)ortwiceamonth(weekendAmbassadors).Themuseumisopen364daysayear,includingweekendsandholidays.?handlefrequentwalking,standing,andtalking.ToApplyTolearnmoreinformationabouttheapplicationprocess,pleasecontactRuthShirley.NOTE:Acceptanceintotheprogramissubjecttosuccessfulcompletionofaninterviewandbackgroundinvestigation.21.WhichoneistheresponsibilityofMuseumAmbassadors?A.Toreceivevisitorsattheentrance.B.Totakefullchargeofmuseumsecurity.C.Todirectvisitorstotheirexhibitionsofinterest.D.Tohelpvisitorswithhands-ondemonstrations22.AqualifiedMuseumAmbassadorshould________.A.enjoycommunicatingwithpeopleB.speakatleasttwoforeignlanguagesC.haveacademicbackgroundinhistoryD.committoworkingthreeshiftsatweekends23.Theauthorwritesthispassagemainlyto__________.A.introducevolunteerprogramsforteenagersB.providespecialtourstomeetdifferentneedsC.invitepeopletovisittheAmericanHistoryMuseumD.attractpotentialapplicantsforMuseumAmbassadorsB“No,”MamaLilsaiditplainandsimple.“Iain’tneverheardofnogirlstobedoingthat.Bebe,youneedtobegettingyourselfarealsummerjob,somethingcivilized.”I’dbeenlivingwithMamaLilsinceIwassix,whenmyownmamaanddaddywerekilledinanapartmentbuildingfire.LillianJohnswasmymom’smother.EverybodyonourstreetcalledherMamaLilandthatwaswhatIcalledhertoo.IhadbeenbuttingheadswithhereversinceIcouldremember.AndtheolderIgot,themoreatoddswewereandthemoreconflictsweexperienced.ForweeksI’dbeenaskingMamaLiltoletmejointheyouthrenovation(修繕)team.ItwasagroupofkidswhohadbeenchosenbycityofficialstoworkwithengineerstohelprepairtheBrooklynBridge.Theprojectwouldlastthesummerandpaygoodmoney.Itwouldhelpmegettocollege,whereIwantedtostudyengineering.ButforMamaLil,thethingthatmadeherthemoststubbornthistime,wasexactlymydreamofbecominganengineer.Insomerespects,MamaLilwasright.Itwastruethatthereweren’tmanyblackwomenengineers.ButIwantedtobuildbridgesmorethananything.“Letmego,MamaLil,”Ibeggedsoftly.MamaLilsatasstillasastatue.“MamaLil,”Isaidcarefully,“ifyoudon’tsignthebridgeprojectpermissionform,Iwillsignitmyself.Nobodywillknowthedifference.”Thenextmorning,MamaLil’seyeslookedred-tired.“I’mgoingtothebridge,”Isaidfirmly.“Iknow,Bebe,”shesaid.Fromherhousedresspocket,shetookoutapenandsignedtheform.“Bebe,thatbridgeisluckytohaveyou,”shesaid.IhuggedMamaLilgoodandhard,smilingbig,rightather.…Ahead,inthedistance,stoodtheBrooklynBridge.Thiswasthebestspottoseethebridge.I’dcometothiscornerandstudiedthebridgeamilliontimes.Andoneveryoneofthosetimes,IwastakenwithwhatI’dcometocallBrooklynBelle.Atnight,Bellewasdressedintinylight.Onacloudlessnightlikethisone,shewasasightlikenootherinthewholecity.Jeweledinlight.Beautiful.IhaddrawnBelleinthehigh-noonlight,atsunset,onsnowydays,andonfoggytwilightmornings...Iwasproudofmydrawings,butwitheachpagetheyshowedasadtruthaboutBelle:Sheneededrepair.Thatbridgerenovationprojectneededme;andIneededit,inmorewaysthanIcouldcount.24.MamaLilrefusedtosignthepermissionformmainlybecause______.A.shehadbecomestubborninheroldageB.shewouldn’tallowBebetohaveasummerjobC.shethoughtthebridgeprojectwastoodangerousD.shedidn’tsupportBebe’sdesiretobeanengineer25.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Bebelostherparentsinthebridgeproject.B.Bebelikedtodrawthebridgeonwintermornings.C.BebeandMamaLiloftengotintoargumentswitheachother.D.BebecalledhergrandmaMamaLilbecauseshewashermom’smother.26.Bymentioningthename“BrooklynBelle”,theauthorintendstohelpreaders______.A.recallthehistoryofthebridgeB.appreciatethebridge’sbeautyC.ignorethedamagetothebridgeD.imaginethebridge’sfuturelook27.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethethemeofthisstory?A.Dreamsknownocolororgender.B.Eldersalwaysmakethebestdecisions.C.Conflictusuallyresolvesitselfintheend.D.Pridewinsoutbutmakesthingsmoredifficult.CWhenservedcauliflowerorbroccoli,somekidsturnawayinannoyance.Don’tblamethem—anewstudysuggestsspecificenzymes(酶)insaliva(唾液)mightmakethesevegetablestasteterribletosomechildren.Theseenzymes,calledcysteinelyases,areproducedbybacteriainthemouth.ThesameenzymesarealsolockedawayinthecellsofBrassicavegetableslikebroccoliandcauliflower.Whenwechewbroccoli,theseenzymesspilloutoftheirstoragecontainerswhilethoseinourmouthstarttowork.Theseenzymesbreakdownacompound(化合物)calledS-methyl-L-cysteinesulfoxide(SMCSO)inthesevegetables,andthisbreakdownprocesstransformsthecompoundintosharpsmellmolecules(分子).Previousstudiesofadultssuggestthelevelofcysteinelyaseactivityinaperson’ssalivadetermineshowmuchtheSMCSObreaksdown.This,inturn,influenceshowthesevegetablestastetoadults.Accordingtothesepaststudies,whendifferentadultsconsumebroccoli,therecanbeahugedifferenceinhowmanyunpleasantsmellsthefoodletsoffastheirsaliva-borneenzymesbreakittobits.Buttheauthorswonderedwhetherthesamedifferencecanbeseeninkids,whoareusuallymoresensitivetobitterandsourtastes.Theysuspectedthatkidswhosesalivaproducedthemostsmelly,SMCSO-sourcedcompoundswouldshowthestrongestdislikeforbroccoli.Andtheteam’snewstudyprovedtheirassumption.Whilebothadults’andkids’salivaproducedsmellycompoundswhenexposedtocauliflower,thesesmellsdidnotinfluencewhetheradultslikedthevegetable.Ontheotherhand,kidswhosesalivaproducedhighconcentrationsofthesesmellsreportedhatingcauliflowerthemost.Thenewstudyincluded98pairsofparentsandchildrenaged6to8.Aftertakingsamplesofeachparticipant’ssaliva,thescientistsmixeditintorawcauliflowerpowder.TheymeasuredtheSMCSO-sourcedsmellcompoundsletoffandfoundeachparticipant’ssalivageneratedadifferentquantityofsmells.Interestingly,thedegreeofsicklysmellproductionwassimilarbetweenparents’salivaandtheirchildren’s.Thisindicatesthatparentsandkidslikelycarrysimilarbacteriaintheirmouths,whichwouldcausethemtoproducesimilarlevelsofcysteinelyases.Oursensesoftasteandsmellarestrongestinyouth,whichmaymakekidsevenmoresensitivetothesedifferencesinflavor.Thesamepreferencepatternisnotseeninadults,whoalsoproduceplentyofbadsmells.ThissuggeststhattheadultscametotoleratethetasteofBrassicavegetables.Thefindingsagreewithpaststudiesofhowourtasteschangeovertime:wecanlearntoovercomeourdistasteforcertainfoodbyeatingitmore.28.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thefunctionofmouthbacteria. B.Thecauseofanunpleasantflavor.C.ThefeatureofBrassicavegetables. D.Theformofenzymesinourmouth.29.Whatdopreviousstudiesindicate?A.SMCSO-breakdowndependsonvariousenzymes.B.EnzymesdeterminethetasteofBrassicavegetables,C.Individualsreleasevaryingamountsofsmellmolecules.D.Kidsproducingthemostsmellshate-broccoliparticularly.30.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Wemightacceptsomefoodsthroughrepeatedexposure.B.Thelevelofsmellsmayaffectanadult’stastepreference.C.Parents’andtheirkids’saliva-borneenzymesdon’tmatchD.Kids’salivacouldproducehigherconcentrationsofsmells.DConsiderthesefacts:ThetennischampionWilliamssistersareagenerationapart,accordingtothePewResearchCenter.Venus,bornin1980,islabelled“GenX”;Serena,bornin1981,isa“millennial”.Meanwhile,DonaldTrumpandMichelleObamabothbelongtothesamegeneration.Theformerwasbornin1946whilethelatterwasbornin1964,makingthemboth“babyboomers”.Beforeyoupushthesediversepersonalitiesintogenerationalstereotypes(刻板印象),letmestopyouthere:Justdon’t.Generationlabels,althoughwidelyadoptedbythepublic,havenobasisinsocialreality.Infact,inonerecentsurvey,mostpeopledidnotidentifythecorrectgenerationforthemselves,evenwhentheywereshownalistofoptions.Thisisnotsurprisingsincethelabelsareforcedbysurveyresearchers,journalistsormarketingfirmsbeforetheidentitiestheyaresupposedtodescribeevenexist.Insteadofaskingpeoplewhichgrouptheyidentifywithandwhy,theyjustdeclarethelabelsandstartmakingpronouncementsaboutthem.That’snothowsocialidentityworks.Thepracticeofnaming“generations”basedonbirthyeargoesbackatleasttothesupposed“l(fā)ost-generation”ofthelate19thcentury.Butasthetraditionslidintoanever-endingcompetitiontobethefirsttoproposethenextnamethatsticks,ithasproducedgraduallydecliningreturnstosocialscienceandthepublicunderstanding.Thesupposedboundariesbetweengenerationsarenomoremeaningfulthanthenamesthey’vebeengiven.Thereisnoresearchidentifyingtheappropriateboundariesbetweengenerations,andthereisnostatisticalbasisforrequiringthesweepingcharactertraits(特征)thatarebelievedtodefinethem.Inonearticleyoumightreadthatmillennialsare“l(fā)iberallions”,“downwardlymobile”,and“distrustful”;eventhoughtheyalso“getalongwellwiththeirparents,respecttheireldersandworkwellwithcolleagues”.Ridiculous,clearly.Butwhat’stheharm?Aren’ttheselabelsjustabitoffunforwriters?Amethodtoattractreadersandawayofcommunicatinggenerationalchange,whichnoonewoulddenyisarealphenomenon?We,inacademicsocialscience,studyandteachsocialchange,butwedon’tstudyandteachtheselabelsbecausetheysimplyaren’treal.Andinsocialscience,realitystillmatters.Worsethanirrelevant,suchbaselesslabelsdrivepeopletowardstereotypingandthoughtlesscharacterjudgment.Measuringanddescribingsocialchangeisessential,anditcanbeusefultoanalyzethehistoricalperiodinwhichpeoplewerebornandraised,butdrawingrandomlinesbetweenbirthyearsandassigningnamestothemdoesn’thelp.Todaytherearelotsofgoodalternativestolabelgenerations.Wecansimplydescribepeoplebythedecadeinwhichtheywerebornanddefinegenerationalgroupsspecificallyrelatedtoaparticularissue—suchas2020schoolkids.Withthearrivalof“GenerationZ”,therehasneverbeenabettertimetogetoffthistrain.31.WhatdothefactslistedinParagraph1imply?A.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutgenerationlabels.B.Peoplewiththesamegenerationlabelmaynotbeofsimilarage.C.Generationalchangecanbemeasuredbygenerationlabels.D.Generationlabelsarewidelyadoptedbycelebrities.32.Theunderlinedword“sticks”inParagraph4probablymeans______.A.isunderstood B.isanalyzed C.isdescribed D.isaccepted33.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat______.A.thegenerationlabelisaharmlessdevicewritersusetoreflectrealityB.generationboundariesaremoremeaningfulthangenerationlabelsC.assigningcharactertraitstoacertaingenerationismisguidedD.journalistsshouldfindalternativewaystojudgecharacter34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Generationlabels:It’shightimetoretirethemB.Generationlabels:TheongoingdebatewillneverendC.Generationlabels:Whatdotheysayaboutwhoweare?D.Generationlabels:Expandorbridgegenerationaldifferences?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?Dosocialmediahaveanegativeimpactonyourmentalhealth?It’scomplicated.Inarecentstudy,theinvestigatorscomparedsocialmediauseanddepressionbetweenteens.___35___Specifically,foreveryhourperdaythatoneteenspentonsocialmediamorethanherpeers,shelikelyhada0.64pointhigherdepressionscore.Adifferentstudypublishedin2018identifiedfivedistincttypesofsocialmediausers.Thefindingwasthat"problematicsocialmediause"wasoneofthemainthemesforpeoplewhosementalhealthwasaffectedbysocialmedia.Youcanhavealcoholinyourlifewithoutitbeingaproblem,oryouralcoholusemaybecomeproblematic.___36___There'soneimportantthingtorememberaboutsurveyresearchjustbecausetwothingshappentogether,it'snotnecessarilytruethatonecausestheother.___37___Forallweknow,itcouldbethatpeoplewhoarealreadymoredepressedchoosetospendmoretimeonsocialmedia.___38___Ifyouthinkthatweshouldn'tpaintsocialmediawithonebroadbrush,you'reontherighttrack.Ontheonehand,participantsoftendescribedsocialmediaasavaluablewaytocopewithstress.Ontheotherhand,cyberbullyingviasocialmediawasalsoacommonexperienceforparticipants.Somealsosaidthatconstantlycheckingtheirownsocialmediaprofilewasstressful.It’scertainlypossiblethatexperienceslikecyberbullying,comparingyourselftoidealizedimages,andconstantlymonitoringyourprofile,arebadforyourmood.It'salsotrueformanythatsocialmediaoffercommunitysupportandpositivemessages.Giventheinconclusiveresearch,it'ssafetosaythatatleastweshouldn'twriteoffsocialmediaaltogether.___39___Anyway,youcannotuseitasacrutchforcopingwithotherstressorsandmentalhealthproblems.A.It'sthesamewithsocialmedia.B.Socialmediacanbeadouble-edgedsword.C.Peoplegetmoreopinionatedaboutthepotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.D.Theyfoundthatthosewhousedsocialmediamorehadhigherdepressionscores.E.Theyreviewedallexistingresearchandfoundthattherewerebothbenefitsanddrawbacks.F.Thekeytobenefitingfromsocialmediamaylieinusingitinmoderationandstayingsociallyconnected.G.Forexample,justbecausehighersocialmediauseco-occurswithhigherlevelsofdepressiondoesn'tmeansocialmediausecausesdepression.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Whatmakessomepeopleincapableofapologizingevenwhenthey’reclearlyinthewrong?Peoplewhocannotapologizeoftenhavedeepfeelingsoflowself-worth.Whentheirdelicateego(自我)cannotabsorbtheblowofadmittingtheywerewrong,theirdefensemechanismskickin—theymayplaceblameandevenargueaboutbasicfactstopreventthethreatofhavingtolowerthemselvesbyofferinganapology.Unfortunately,manyofusmistakenlyinterpretthesepeople’sdefensivenessasasignofpsychologicalstrength.That’sbecauseoutwardlytheyappeartobetoughindividualswhorefusetobackdown.Butthisdoesn’tshowthatthey’restrong—itshowsthatthey’reweak.Admittingthatwe’rewrongisemotionallyuncomfortableandpainfultooursenseofself.Inordertotakeresponsibilityandapologize,ourself-worthneedstobestrongenoughtoabsorbthatdiscomfort.Indeed,ifourself-worthishigherandmorestable,wecantoleratethetemporarydiscomfortthatsuchanadmissioninvolves—withoutthewallsaroundouregofallingdown.Butifourself-worthisseeminglyhighbutactuallybreakable,thatdiscomfortcangothroughourdefensivewallsandscoreadirecthittoourego.Indeed,themorefixedone’sdefensemechanismsare,themoredelicatetheegothey’reprotecting.Themistakeweoftenmakewhenfacedwithsomeonewho’shabituallyincapableofapologizingistobecomeangryandtrytowinourargumentwiththem.Butthesadrealityisthatwecanneverwin.Inthesesituations,thebestwecandoismakeourpointsascalmlyandasconvincinglyaswecanandthendisengagefromtheargumentwhenitbecomesunproductive—likewhentheydisagreewiththefacts,comeupwithsillyexcusesorturntomeanremarks.40.Whycan’tsomepeopleapologize?41.Whatdomanypeoplemistakenlythinkofanon-apologizer’sdefensiveness?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?Whenyouaretryingtowinanargumentwithanon-apologizer,thebestwayistoexpressyourangerandmakeyourpointascalmlyandconvincinglyaspossible.43.Inadditiontowhatismentionedinthepassage,whatelsecanyoudoifyourfriendrefusestoapologizetoyou?(Inabout40words)第二節(jié)（20分）44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你校英國(guó)交換生Jim打算寒假出京旅游，發(fā)來郵件請(qǐng)你推薦一座中國(guó)歷史文化名城。請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．你的推薦；2．推薦理由。注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.C6.A7.B8.D9.C10.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了郵遞員無(wú)意間發(fā)現(xiàn)小男孩兒MathewFlores因貧窮而只看不起書后，將他的故事發(fā)到在臉書上，網(wǎng)友們知道后，給小男孩送了好多愛心圖書的故事?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他喜歡垃圾郵件，這些廣告是他唯一能得到的閱讀材料。A.natural自然的；B.available可獲得的；C.common共同的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)第二段中“buthisfamilyisverypoor”可知小男孩之所以讀這些垃圾郵件，是因?yàn)樗募彝ヌF。所以這些廣告是他唯一可獲得的閱讀材料。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)問題使郵遞員大吃一驚。A.frightened害怕的；B.disappointed失望的；C.surprised感到驚訝的；D.amused覺得好笑的。根據(jù)分析可知，垃圾郵件一向是人們不喜歡的，而小男孩卻問郵遞員要垃圾郵件，所以在下一句中“Heaskedtheboythereason”郵遞員問小男孩這樣做的原因?？芍]遞員是感到驚訝的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他問了男孩原因，然后在臉書上記錄了他的回答。A.response回答；B.effort努力；C.decision決定；D.comment評(píng)論。根據(jù)前文“Heaskedtheboythereason”可知，他問了小男孩為什么要這些垃圾郵件，所以這里應(yīng)該是將小男孩的回答發(fā)到了臉書上，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：實(shí)際上他想去圖書館，但他的家庭很窮，付不起乘坐公共汽車的錢。A.own擁有；B.take乘坐；C.share分享；D.afford付得起。根據(jù)“buthisfamilyisverypoor”可知，小男孩的家庭很貧困，去圖書館但付不起乘坐公交車的錢。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，這位郵遞員問他臉書上的朋友們是否可以勻出一些書給小男孩。A.adjust調(diào)整；B.examine檢查；C.spare勻出D.publish出版。根據(jù)下句“Mostkidswantelectronicproducts!Butwhathewantsisbooks”以及“somebooksfortheboy.”可知，由于小男孩想要書，所以郵遞員想讓臉書上的朋友們勻出一些自己的書給小男孩。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：遇見他這么罕見的心愿真是太好了，當(dāng)我說我可以幫助他時(shí)，你可以想象他當(dāng)時(shí)的笑容。A.desire心愿；B.effect努力；C.purpose目的；D.value價(jià)值。根據(jù)上文中“Mostkidswantelectronicproducts!Butwhathewantsisbooks”可知大部分的孩子都想要電子產(chǎn)品，而小男孩想要的卻是書，他的愿望是很罕見的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：郵差本認(rèn)為臉書上的帖子可能會(huì)收獲50到60本書。A.giveaway分發(fā)；B.bringin收獲；C.takeon承擔(dān)；D.putup張貼。根據(jù)下文“Peoplefromaroundtheworld,includingtheUK,AustraliaandIndia,havesentbooks.”以及“50to60books.”可知，臉書上的帖子讓他收獲了很多書。郵差本認(rèn)為臉書上的帖子可能會(huì)收獲50到60本書。故選B項(xiàng)。【8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但他的請(qǐng)求在網(wǎng)上傳播很快。A.belief信仰；B.spirit精神；C.secret秘密；D.request請(qǐng)求。根據(jù)上文可知，郵遞員向網(wǎng)友們請(qǐng)求捐一些書給小男孩，所以這里他發(fā)的帖子應(yīng)該是請(qǐng)求幫助的，故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)百本的書已經(jīng)送到了男孩的門口，還有數(shù)百本的書仍然在路上。A.only僅僅；B.nearly差不多；C.still仍然；D.thus因此。根據(jù)上文“Hundredsofbookshavebeendeliveredtotheboy’sdoor.”以及“ontheirway”可知，有很多書都已經(jīng)送到了男孩兒的門口，但還有很多書還沒有送到。依舊在路上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)書開始陸續(xù)到達(dá)時(shí)，F(xiàn)lores被發(fā)生的事情震驚了：“我以為他們弄錯(cuò)了，但他們確實(shí)是送給我的?！盇.mistaken弄錯(cuò)的；B.helpless無(wú)用的；C.unusual不尋常的；D.awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)本句中的連接詞but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知，弗洛雷斯一開始很驚訝，以為書是別人寄錯(cuò)了的。但后來知道書的確是送給他的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.called12.for13.totravel【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了什么是國(guó)際勞動(dòng)節(jié)，中國(guó)今年勞動(dòng)節(jié)的時(shí)間及人們?cè)谄陂g的活動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：國(guó)際勞動(dòng)節(jié)，也被稱為勞動(dòng)節(jié)或五一，是整個(gè)社會(huì)階層的工人的慶?；顒?dòng)。句子的謂語(yǔ)為serves，空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，TheInternationalWorkers’Day與call為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞。故填called?！?2題詳解】考查介詞。句意：這是一個(gè)放松的時(shí)間，因?yàn)楣と藗兿硎芤惶斓募倨?。relaxation為名詞，空處為介詞。timefor…意思為：……的時(shí)間。故填for。【13題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：今年的假期從5月1日持續(xù)到5月5日，在此期間，許多人選擇去旅游景點(diǎn)，購(gòu)物，參觀展覽，或只是與家人和朋友享受他們的假期。choosetodo意思為：選擇做某事，空處用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故填totravel?！敬鸢浮?4.how15.works16.hadfinished17.studying【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道，介紹了一位中國(guó)老師范麗云在匈牙利一所大學(xué)掀起了一股茶文化熱潮，引起了孔子學(xué)院的學(xué)生報(bào)名人數(shù)激增?！?4題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：在匈牙利東北部城市米什科爾茨，范麗云見證了一杯茶如何對(duì)文化交流產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。witness后為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句基本結(jié)構(gòu)完整，結(jié)合句意，表示“如何”用連接副詞how。故填how?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)年59歲的范目前在米什科爾茨大學(xué)孔子學(xué)院任教。空處作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)currently可知，句子描述當(dāng)下發(fā)生的事情，結(jié)合work可知，此句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示目前情況。主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填works。【16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：但現(xiàn)在看來已經(jīng)沒有必要了，因?yàn)樵谶@學(xué)期開始之前，我們幾乎已經(jīng)完成了報(bào)名，范說，她的學(xué)生們都叫她克里斯蒂?？仗幾鱝s引導(dǎo)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞started，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，在學(xué)期開始前報(bào)名已經(jīng)完成，表示過去的過去，用過去完成時(shí)。故填hadfinished?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：與我2019年剛來的時(shí)候相比，我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在在我們學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生人數(shù)至少翻了一番。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞has，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞修飾students作定語(yǔ)，students與study構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填studying?！敬鸢浮?8.loss19.waslaunched20.which##that【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道，由聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境規(guī)劃署（UNEP）發(fā)布的報(bào)告稱，全球糧食浪費(fèi)和損失危機(jī)已達(dá)到令人震驚的水平?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境規(guī)劃署（UNEP）在周三發(fā)布的一份新報(bào)告中稱，全球糧食浪費(fèi)和損失危機(jī)已達(dá)到令人震驚的水平，逐漸削弱了消除饑餓、貧困和環(huán)境污染的努力?？仗幣cwaste并列，用名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填loss。【19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。