Unit4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 課件-高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

Unit4NaturalDisasters人教版2019必修第一冊DiscoveringUsefulStructuresattributiveclause(定語從句)Learningobjectives:

（學習目標）1.Tomasterthebasicusagesoftherestrictiverelativeclauses.2.Tolearntousetherestrictiverelativeclausesmentionedflexibly.contents（內容）Theattribute

定語（定義及判定）

AttributiveClause

定語從句（定義、構成、分類、關系代詞的選擇）定語從句中的主謂一致:關系代詞的省略Summary（總結）ExercisesIWhatisattribute(定語）？

Attributeisawordorphrasestomodifyanounorpronoun.Underlinetheattribute.1.Strangethingshappenedthere.

2.Aprettygirlcametovisitthemuseum.3.Somestudentsboughtbeautifulflowers.4.Morebuildingswerebuiltinthatcity.5.Allchildrenweretakengoodcareof.6.Freshairiswhatthepatientneedmost.7.Themaninthelabismybestfriend.

IIWhatisanattributiveclause?（定語從句）TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

這個學生叫湯姆。

這個學生正在看書。

這個正在看書的學生叫湯姆。ThisstudentisTom.Thestudentisreading.Thestudent（who

isreading

）isTom.定義

定語從句是在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子。（從句做定語。）2.位置

在被修飾的詞的后面

IIIThemainelements(要素)oftheattributiveclause被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導定語從句的連接詞叫關系詞（關系代詞和關系副詞）Thestudent（whoisreading

）isTom.先行詞+關系代詞+從句

劃出定語從句、先行詞和關系詞1.Doyouknowthegirlwhoissingingonthestage?2.Thisisthemuseumwhichwasbuiltlastyear.3.I’llforeverrememberthedayswhenIstudiedabroad.4.Hewaslate,whichmadehisteacherangry.Doyouknowhowmanyrelativepronouns(關系代詞)?限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句IV定語從句中的關系代詞先行詞是人先行詞是物thatwhowhomwhosethatwhichwhoseHowtousethemcorrectly?Theusages（用法）ofrelativepronouns(關系代詞)

who在從句中作主語,whom在從句中作賓語；代替先行詞（人）。

Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafamousscientist.主語；指人

Thisisthefamousscientistwhomwevisitedlastweek.i.

賓語；指人

1.who、whom在定語從句中的用法

在定語從句中作定語,修飾先行詞（人或物），意為“某人的、某物的”。

Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarbrokedown.

Thereisamountainwhosetopisalwayscoveredwithsnow..2.whose在從句中的用法

which在從句中作主語、賓語或介詞賓語,代替先行詞（指物）。

Hefinallyworkedouttheproblemwhichpuzzledhim.

Thefishwhichweboughtyesterdaywerenotfresh..

Beijingwhichheonceworkedinisabeautifulcity.

主語；指物賓語；指物介詞賓語；指物which作介詞賓語時，介詞既可放在關系代詞which之前，也可以放在從句中動詞之后inwhichwelived3which在定語從句中的用法

作主語或賓語，指人或物1.Thetreesthatstandbytheriverwereplantedbyus.作主語；指物2.Thebook

(that)Ibought

isworthreading.作賓語；指物3.Weshouldignore（忽視）thepersonsandthings

thatupsetus.

作主語；指人和物4.that在從句中的用法Canwhichbeusedinthesentence？1.which

2.which

3that

.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenthatandwhich?

只能用that的情況：1.先行詞為everything,nothing,something等不定代詞時。

e.g.Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.2.先行詞為all,every,some,any,much等詞或被這些詞修飾時。

e.g.I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.3.先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。e.g.ShanghaiisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.4.先行詞被the

only,the

very,the

same修飾時。Thisistheonlyproblemthatremainstobesettled.5.先行詞既有人又有物的時候，只能用that。

①介詞提前，which作賓語Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.②在非限制性定語從句中

Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.只能用which的情況V關系代詞的省略

關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，不可省略；做賓語時，在限制性定語從句中可以省略，在非限制性定語從句中不可省略。Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?(作wants的主語不可省略)Hangzhouisabeautifulcity(that/which)Ialwayswanttovisit.（在限制性定語從句中作visit的賓語，可以省略）Hangzhou,whichIvisitedlastweek,isabeautifulcity.（在非限制性定語從句中作visited的賓語，不可省略）VI定語從句中的主謂一致:關系代詞在定語從句中做主語時，定語從句的謂語通常與先行詞在人稱和數上保持一致。Heisagoodstudentwholikestohelpothers.Theyaregoodstudentswholiketohelpothers.Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraised.Heistheone/theonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraised.VIISummary（總結）:

定語從句先行詞關系代詞被定語從句修飾或限定的_______或_______詞；在復合句中，修飾或限定_______或_______的從句。1.代替先行詞2.在定語從句中作成分3.引導定語從句可以指_______或_______名詞代詞名詞代人指物whothatwhichwhomwhose指代成分指人主/賓指人/物主/賓指物主/賓指人賓指人/物定VIIIExercises

Fillintheblankswiththat,which,who,whose,whomor“\”1.Thetrees________standbytheriverareverystrong.2.Shenevergivesintothose________havemoney.3.Thisisthebestfilm________hasbeenshownsofarinthecity.4.Februaryistheonlymonth________hasfewerthan30days.5.Thisistheroomin__________myfatherlivedlastyear..6.YesterdayImettheteacher________daughterismyfriend.that./whichwhothatthatwhichwhose鏈接高考真題1.TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign________broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.（2024·新高考I卷·語法填空）2.Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(紀念)TangXianzu,______isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon.（2024·新高考II卷·語法填空）3.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.（2022新高考I卷）that/which設空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞design，先行詞指物，關系詞在定語從句中作主語，用關系代詞which或that引導從句2.who先行詞為“TangXianzu”，在非限制性定語從句中擔當主語，表示人，用關系代詞who引導3.that設空處在從句中作

主語，

先行詞species前為all修飾，只能用關系代詞that鏈接高考真題4.Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway________willmakethemthemostmoney.（2024·新高考II卷）5.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace63welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife.............(2023全國乙卷）6.Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,_________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.