翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬21

翻譯二級(jí)筆譯綜合能力模擬21ⅠVocabularyandGrammarPart1VocabularySelection1.

Itisknowntoallthatchildren（江南博哥）inthisregionhavestrong______toswimminginsummerbecauseofthehotweather.A.inclinationB.exposureC.fluxD.correlation正確答案：A[解析]inclination傾向，愛(ài)好；exposure曝光，揭發(fā)；flux漲潮，變遷；correlation相關(guān)性。答案是A。

2.

Certainlymanmust______thefuture,andfindwaysofprovidingforhisuse.A.looktoB.lookupC.lookforD.lookon正確答案：A[解析]lookto指望；lookup查找(詞語(yǔ))；lookfor尋找；lookon旁觀，看待。

3.

Accordingtotheweatherforecast,whichisusually______,itwillrainthisafternoon.A.exactB.accurateC.perfectD.precise正確答案：B[解析]近義辨析

A．exact精確的，準(zhǔn)確的(指在各個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都完全準(zhǔn)確)；B．a(chǎn)ccurate正確的，精確的(尤指信息、度量等)；C．perfect完美無(wú)缺的，極好的，技藝精湛的，理想的(著重指質(zhì)量)；D．precise信息、資料精確、清楚(常用在名詞之前)；因此B為答案。

4.

Ifitgoesonto______itsresponsibilities,thentheBritishgovernmentmustactimmediatelyinitsplace.A.disciplineB.abdicateC.bashD.challenge正確答案：B[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

A．discipline訓(xùn)練；B．a(chǎn)bdicate退位，放棄(職位，權(quán)力等)；C．bash猛擊，打壞；D．chailenge向…．—挑戰(zhàn)；此句意為：如果它繼續(xù)這樣放棄自己的權(quán)力(不承擔(dān)責(zé)任)，那么英國(guó)政府就必須立即接手。因此B為答案。

5.

Thetwocountrieshavedevelopeda______relationandincreasedagreatdealinforeigntrade.A.managerialB.lethalC.metricD.cordial正確答案：D[解析]managerial管理的，經(jīng)理的；lethal致命的，殺傷性的；metric米制的，公制的；cordial友好的，真誠(chéng)的。答案是D。

6.

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas______byhiscolleagues.A.imaginativeB.ingeniousC.impracticalD.theoretical正確答案：C[解析]從空前的“condemn”(譴責(zé))可知此處應(yīng)為impractical(不切實(shí)際的)，如：Refloatingthesunkenshipprovedimpracticalbecauseofthegreatexpense．打撈沉船由于費(fèi)用巨大而顯得不切實(shí)際。

7.

Ifwecan______anykindofkillinginthenameofreligion,thedoorisopenedforallkindsofotherjustifications.A.purifyB.satisfyC.justifyD.verify正確答案：C

8.

Thousandsofpeopleturnedoutintothestreetsto______againstthelocalauthorities'decisiontobuildahighwayacrossthefield.A.contradictB.reformC.counterD.protest正確答案：D[解析]protestagainst為固定搭配，表示“抗議，反對(duì)，對(duì)……表示不滿”，用在此處符合要求。因此，正確答案為D。

9.

Astechnologicaladvancesputmoreandmoretimebetweenearlyschoollifeandtheyoungperson'sfinalaccesstospecializedwork,thestageof______becomesanevenmoremarkedandconsciousperiod.A.adolescenceB.adjacencyC.advantageD.adventure正確答案：A[解析]形近識(shí)別。

adolescence青春期；adjacency鄰近，毗鄰；advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)；adventure冒險(xiǎn)。

10.

Inmostcountries,themetricsystemhasbeen______forallmeasurement.A.admittedB.adaptedC.appliedD.adopted正確答案：D[解析]A項(xiàng)的admit意為“接受”；B項(xiàng)的adapt意為“適應(yīng)，適合，改編”；C項(xiàng)的apply表示“實(shí)施，應(yīng)用”；D項(xiàng)的adopt表示“采用，采納”。比較詞義，D項(xiàng)符合句子含義。為正確答案。

11.

I'lljust______aneyeoverthesefiguresbeforeyoutypethem.A.tossB.castC.flingD.throw正確答案：B[解析]近義辨析。

這四個(gè)詞都指“投，拋，擲”。cast指轉(zhuǎn)向或引向：Alleyeswerecastuponthespeaker．所有目光皆投注在說(shuō)話者身上。toss：指以迅猛的速度突然移動(dòng)或抬起(頭)：tossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance在輕盈活潑的舞步中抬起他們的頭。fling指擺動(dòng)(身體一部分)：Sheflungbackherheadproudly．她傲氣地把頭一揚(yáng)。throw指發(fā)出，投射：Shethrewmealookofencouragement．她向我投來(lái)鼓勵(lì)的目光。

12.

Wewillnotbeheldresponsibleforanydamagewhichresults______roughhandling.A.fromB.offC.inD.to正確答案：A[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。

resultfrom由于……而發(fā)生，是……的結(jié)果：Anydamagetoabookresultingfromnegligencemustbepaidforbytheborrower．由于疏忽而對(duì)書籍所造成的損壞應(yīng)由借閱者賠償。resultin結(jié)果是，導(dǎo)致：Thesesafetymeasureswillresultinthereductionofworkaccident．這些安全措施將減少工傷事故。

13.

Themanwenttoprison,butthetwoboys______withawarning.A.tookoffB.gotoffC.keptoffD.setoff正確答案：B[解析]本題意為“那個(gè)男子坐牢去了，可是那兩個(gè)男孩只受到警告而沒(méi)有受到處罰”。B項(xiàng)的“getoff逃脫懲罰”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)“takeoff脫下(衣服)，飛機(jī)(起飛)；keepoff讓開(kāi)，不接近；setoff=startoff=setout=startout出發(fā)”都不正確。

14.

TheAmericanbasketballteamannouncedthattheywouldnot______firstplacetoanyteam.A.yokeB.yellC.yieldD.yearn正確答案：C[解析]詞義辨析

A．yoke把……套上軛，結(jié)合，連接；B．yell大叫，叫著說(shuō)，忍不住笑；C．yield出產(chǎn)，生長(zhǎng)，(...to)屈服，屈從；D．yearn渴望，想念，向往；因表：他們不會(huì)將第一的位子讓給任何隊(duì)，因此C為答案。

15.

Thesesampleshavetobe______incertainkindofchemicalwaterinordertoprotectthem.A.immersedB.crispedC.armoredD.arrayed正確答案：A[解析]immersed沉浸的，使陷入；crisped起皺的；armored武裝，裝甲的；arrayed打扮，裝飾。答案是A。

16.

Theysaidthattheyhadmadeuptheirmindsto______thetaskinspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions.A.carry

offB.carry

onC.carry

outD.carry

forward正確答案：B[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析

A．carryoff奪去……的生命，獲得，成功對(duì)付；B．carryon繼續(xù)開(kāi)展，堅(jiān)持，舉止朱常；C．carryout完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)，貫徹，執(zhí)行；D．carryforward發(fā)揚(yáng)，結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)；此句意為：他們說(shuō)盡管處境異常艱難，但他們決定將這項(xiàng)任務(wù)繼續(xù)開(kāi)展下去。因此答案為B。

17.

Onlyone-fifthofAmericanssawoilasthechiefmasonthattheU.S.madeawaronIraq,but75percentoftheFrenchandoftheRussiansbelieved______.A.toB.soC.goD.do正確答案：B[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。

believe想，認(rèn)為：“Hashearrivedyet?”“Ibelieveso.”“他到了嗎?”“我想是到了?！?/p>

18.

Thesolidarityamongtheyoung,especiallythe386Generation,issostrongthatit'shelpingto______thecountry'sdeep-rootedregionaldivide.A.enhanceB.dissolveC.weakenD.move正確答案：B

19.

Sincetheshipmentconsistsofseasonablegoods,itisimportantthatitis______assoonaspossible.A.deletedB.demandedC.deliveredD.detached正確答案：C[解析]

形近識(shí)別。

deliver遞送，傳送(包裹、貨物)：Wedeliver(yourorder)toyourdoor．我們送貨上門。delete刪除或刪略(文字)：Theeditordeletedthelastparagraphfromthearticle．編輯刪除了文章的最后一段。demand要求，請(qǐng)求：Theworkersaredemandingbetterpay．工人要求提高工資。detach拆開(kāi)，分開(kāi)：Detachalinkfromachain．從鏈子上拆下一個(gè)鏈環(huán)。

20.

Lincoln,whomanyregardasoneofourgreatpresidents,wasoften______despitehisreputationoftellinggoodjokes.A.brightB.optimisticC.gloomyD.cheerful正確答案：C[解析]詞義辨析

A．bright明亮的，歡快的，聰明的，伶俐的；B．optimistic樂(lè)觀的；C．gloomy黑暗的，陰沉的，陰郁的，令人沮喪的；D．cheerful愉快的，高興的；而本句要表達(dá)的是：林肯被許多人認(rèn)為是最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一；盡管他有著善講幽默笑話的名氣，他卻經(jīng)常是的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷，答案只能是C才符合邏輯。

Part2VocabularyReplacement1.

Oneoftheeffectivewaystolessenenvironmentalpollutionisthereservationandprotectionofmoreswamps.A.vastthickcoralsB.pocketsofwetlandC.warmvolcanoesD.millionsofbeesandwasps正確答案：B[解析]名詞辨析

swamp沼澤，濕地：Theswampcountryisinclinedtopoachinwinter．這片沼澤地帶在冬季一踏就陷下去了。B．pocketsofwetland小快濕地。coral珊瑚；volcano火山；beesandwasps蜜蜂和黃蜂。

2.

Iwasmostfavorablystruckbytheassurancewithwhichtheboyansweredallmyquestions.A.insuranceB.confidenceC.reluctanceD.independence正確答案：B[解析]本題中，assurance的意思是“確信，斷言，保證，擔(dān)保”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，confidence的意思是“信心”，如：Wehavefullconfidencethatweshallsucceed．(我們完全有把握取得成功)。insurance的意思是“保險(xiǎn)(業(yè))”；reluctance的意思是“勉強(qiáng)”；independence的意思是“獨(dú)立”。只有B項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.

Therearemorepeoplewhoareobesetodaythan20yearsago.A.gainfullyemployedB.upwardlymobileC.excessivelyoverweightD.privatelyeducated正確答案：C[解析]形容詞辨析。

obese肥胖的，極胖的。gainfullyemployed有報(bào)酬工作的。upwardlymobile能向較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位和社會(huì)地位流動(dòng)的：upwardlymobileyoungexecutive能升遷的年輕行政人員。privatelyeducated受過(guò)私人教育的。

4.

The20th-centurypoemsuggeststosomethingwehavebeenabletofindnothingabout.A.alludesB.avoidsC.allegesD.alerts正確答案：A[解析]動(dòng)詞辨析

suggests建議，提出，使想起，暗示；而A．a(chǎn)lludes暗指，影射，間接提到；B．a(chǎn)voids避免，消除；C．a(chǎn)lleges宣稱，斷言；D．a(chǎn)lerts警告，因此A為答案。

5.

ItisreportedthatthelatestoutbreakofthebirdfluinPennsylvaniaintheUnitedStateshaspromptedChinatoslapabanonpoultryimportsfromthestate.A.marineproductsB.dairyproductsC.industrialproductsD.avianproducts正確答案：D[解析]本題意為“據(jù)報(bào)道，最近美國(guó)賓夕法利亞洲爆發(fā)的禽流感促使中國(guó)很快下令禁止從該地區(qū)進(jìn)口家禽類食品”。poultry的意思是“家禽類食品”；D項(xiàng)的“avianproducts鳥(niǎo)類食品”符合題意。其他三項(xiàng)“marineproducts海產(chǎn)食品；dairyproducts乳制食品；industrialproducts工業(yè)產(chǎn)品”都不正確。

6.

"Holmes!"Iwhispered."Whatonearthareyoudoinginthisdisgustingplace?"A.humbleB.unpleasantC.underprivilegedD.noisy正確答案：B[解析]形容詞辨析。

disgusting令人厭惡的；unpleasant使人不愉快的，討厭的：Nobodyknowswhytherehasbeenanunpleasantatmosphereintheofficethesedays．沒(méi)有人知道為什么這些日子辦公室的氣氛一直令人不快。humble卑下的，微賤的，謙遜的，粗陋的；underprivileged被剝奪基本權(quán)力的，窮困的，下層社會(huì)的；noisy嘈雜的，聒噪的。

7.

Asaconductor,LeonardBernsteinisfamousforhisintenselyvigorousandexuberantstyle.A.extremeB.enthusiasticC.prosperousD.nervous正確答案：B[解析]形容詞辨析。

exuberant(人或行為)充滿活力的：exuberanthighspirits精神煥發(fā)。enthusiastic熱心的，熱情的，熱烈的：beenthusiasticforsth．對(duì)某事熱心。extreme極端的，極度的：extremepleasure極度高興。prosperous繁榮的，繁盛的：aprosperous

newbusiness一家成功的新公司。nervous擔(dān)擾的，焦慮的，緊張不安的：Thespeakergaveanervouscough．演說(shuō)的人緊張得咳嗽了一聲。

8.

Then,policebegantocallattheapartmentsintheneighborhood,investigatingcar-smashing,shop-lifting,andotherincidents.A.coincidencesB.accidentsC.incentivesD.occurrences正確答案：D[解析]名詞辨析

incidents表：事件；A．coincidences巧合；B．a(chǎn)ccidents事故；C．incentives刺激，鼓勵(lì)，動(dòng)機(jī)；D．occurrences(偶發(fā))事件，發(fā)生的事情；因此D為答案。

9.

Exportofhandicraftproductsisthemainstayofthecounty'seconomy.A.richresourcesB.primaryconcernC.onlysourceD.mainsupport正確答案：D[解析]本題中，mainstay的意思是“支柱，中流砥柱”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，mainsupport的意思是“主要支柱”；richresources的意思是“豐富資源”；primaryconcern的意思是“基本關(guān)注”；onlysource的意思是“唯一來(lái)源”。只有D項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.

Perhapsmorethananythingelse,itwasoneroustaxesthatledtothePeasants'RevoltinEnglandin1381.A.multipleB.unjustC.burdensomeD.infamous正確答案：C[解析]本題中，onerous的意思是“繁重的，費(fèi)力的”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，burdensome的意思是“繁重的，累人的”，如：a．burdensometask(一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù))。multiple的意思是“多樣的”；unjust的意思是“不公正的”；infamous的意思是“聲名狼藉的”。只有C項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.

Afterlongtimeofhesitation,thewomangavefreeventtoherpent-upemotion.A.intenseB.writtenC.strongD.confined正確答案：D[解析]形容詞辨析

A．intense強(qiáng)烈的，劇烈的，熱切的；D．confined被限制的，狹窄的；而pent-up表示：幽閉的，被壓抑的；所以答案為D。

12.

ThepeopleofChinaareworkingveryhardtomakeconcertedeffortstoinvigoratethecountry.A.enjoyableB.persistentC.encouragedD.joint正確答案：D[解析]形容詞辨析

A．enjoyable令人愉快的，可享受的；B．persistent持久穩(wěn)固的；C．encouraged被鼓勵(lì)的；D．joint共同的，聯(lián)合的，連帶的；而concerted表示：商議定的，協(xié)定的，有關(guān)的，有牽連的；所以答案為D。

13.

Thisstyleofwriting,incidentally,issuggestiveofwhatiscalledthe"newsreeltechnique"ofJohndosPassos.A.reminiscentB.collectiveC.forgettableD.advisable正確答案：A[解析]suggestive的意思是“暗示的，引起聯(lián)想的”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，reminiscent(與of連用)的意思是“使人聯(lián)想的”，如：aneveningreminiscentofhappiertimes．(令人回想幸福時(shí)光的傍晚)。collective的意思是“集體的”；forgettable的意思是“容易被忘的”；advisable的意思是“建議的”。只有A符合題意。

14.

Wearecountingonyouroffertohelpduringtheelection.A.relyingB.hopingforC.expectingD.discounting正確答案：C[解析]習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析

countingon依靠，指望；而A．relying依賴，依靠，信賴，信任(與on，upon連用)；B．hopingfor希望，期待；C．expecting期待，預(yù)期，盼望，指望；D．discounting不重視；不理會(huì)；因此C為答案。

15.

Anytroopofwildanimalsshouldbeapproachedwarily.A.fearlesslyB.confidentlyC.silentlyD.prudently正確答案：D[解析]本題中，warily的意思是“小心警惕地”。D項(xiàng)“prudently謹(jǐn)慎地，慎重地”符合題意，如：bemodestandprudent(謙虛謹(jǐn)慎)。其他三項(xiàng)“fearlessly勇敢地；confidently信賴地，安心地；silently默默地，靜靜地”都不正確。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrors1.

ThebookprovidestipsforWesternerswhoworkinJapanesefirms:gettogetheroutsidetheoffice,findamentorforsupportandrefrainforpracticingJapanesewithcolleaguesonthejob.A.ofB.froC.offD.from正確答案：D[解析]固定搭配

refrain(與from連用)抑制，自制，避免；例：torefrainfromsmoking戒煙；本句意為：這本書為在日本公司工作的西方人提供了些提示：在辦公室外聚會(huì)，(遇到問(wèn)題)找顧問(wèn)幫忙，還有要避免在工作場(chǎng)合練習(xí)日語(yǔ)。因此D為答案。

2.

Nothingfuelscynicismforwatching,twotitanicinstitutionswrangleovertheirreputations.A.No...asB.Something...likeC.Nothing...likeD.No...than正確答案：C[解析]本句意為：沒(méi)有什么能像觀看兩大機(jī)構(gòu)就其名譽(yù)進(jìn)行爭(zhēng)辯而能招致人們的冷言冷語(yǔ)的；

“沒(méi)有什么”用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)用代詞nothing，...watching...“像……一樣”在此應(yīng)用介詞而不是連詞；因此C為答案。

3.

Thehumanbeingshavepollutedtheenvironmentseriously.ItistimetheUnitedNationsmusttakesomemeasures.A.takeB.takingC.totakeD.took正確答案：D[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句考察的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)。Itis(about/high)timethat...句型用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂語(yǔ)部分用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此D為答案。

4.

Moreandmorevehiclesusingcheapfuel,declaredscientistsattheconference,haveleftBangkok'schildrenwithbodyleadlevelstheworldhighest.A.intheworldhighestB.intheworld'shighestC.amongtheworld'shighestD.amongthehighestofworld正確答案：C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句意為：科學(xué)家們?cè)跁?huì)議上宣稱，(泰國(guó)首都)曼谷有越來(lái)越多的車輛使用廉價(jià)的燃料，使得那里兒童體內(nèi)的鉛含量成為世界(幾個(gè))最高(中的一個(gè))。因?yàn)閠hehighest在本句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，且曼谷不是唯一的兒童體內(nèi)鉛含量高的城市，因此應(yīng)用amongtheworld'shighest，C為答案。

5.

Becauseourworkisverybusy,soweneedtorelaxatmidday.A.Weareverybusy,B.Ourworkbeingbusy,C.Ourworksoverybusy,D.Becauseourworksoverybusy,正確答案：B[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句考察的是獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)：劃線部分在句中作狀語(yǔ)，但狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)不一致，因此用獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，因此B為答案。

6.

Thephotoperiodicresponseofalgaeactuallydependsonthedurationofdarkness,butnotontheresponseoflight.A.isnotonlightB.butis'notonthelightC.andnotonlightD.thelightisnoton正確答案：C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本句意為：海藻的光周期反應(yīng)事實(shí)上依黑暗的持續(xù)時(shí)間而定，而不是靠光的反應(yīng)。英語(yǔ)中表示并列用and，抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前不加冠詞；因此C為答案。

7.

ThisbookisabouthowthesebasicbeliefsandvaluesaffectimportantsidesofAmericanlife.A.fashionsB.frontiersC.facetsD.formats正確答案：C[解析]詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用

A．fashions樣子，方式，流行，風(fēng)尚；B．frontiers國(guó)境，邊疆，邊境；C．facets(多面體的)面，方面，刻面；D．formats開(kāi)本，版式，形式，格式；因此C為答案。

8.

Themade-in-Americaideaoftheglobalbrandhasbuiltanamethatpeoplewillbuyonfaith,andthepioneerwasCoca-Cola.A.isbuildingB.istobuildC.wastobuildD.wasbuilding正確答案：B

9.

Don'tbelate.Ihatetobewaitingforalongtime.A.beingkeepingB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.bekeeping正確答案：C[解析]keepsomebodywaiting使某人等待(尤指由于遲到)，如：I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting．很抱歉讓你等了半天。本句意為：別遲到啊，我討厭長(zhǎng)時(shí)間等人。在此因?yàn)榈却齽e人而不是使別人等待，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)tobekeptwaiting；因此C為答案。

10.

Theearliestformofartificiallightingwasfire,whichalsoprovidedwarmandprotection.A.hotB.sunshineC.warmthD.safe正確答案：C[解析]本題考查名詞。句意為：人工照明的最早方式就是火，火可以提供溫暖和保護(hù)。所以，此處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)名詞和protection并列，作provided的賓語(yǔ)。故可排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。由常識(shí)可知，火不可以提供“sunshine”，故排除B。所以，答案是C。

11.

AprofessorofeconomicandhistoryatAtlantaUniversity,W．E．B．DuBois,promotedfullracialequality.A.economyB.economicsC.economicalD.economic正確答案：B[解析]本題考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞和history一起作介詞of的并列賓語(yǔ)，表示“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和歷史教授”。Economical意為“節(jié)約的，經(jīng)濟(jì)的”，economic意為“經(jīng)濟(jì)(上)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的”，均為形容詞，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；economy意為“經(jīng)濟(jì)，節(jié)約”，economics意為“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”，為名詞。但根據(jù)句意可知，答案為B。

12.

Watermakesupsome70percentagepointsofthebody,anddrinkingenoughwater-eithertapwaterorexpensivemineralwater-willensurethatthebodyisproperlylubricatedandflushed.A.per-centB.percapitaC.percentD.percentage正確答案：C[解析]本題考查習(xí)慣搭配。句意為：水占了身體比例的70%，又能用足夠的水——不管是自來(lái)水還是昂貴的礦泉水——都能確保身體的滋潤(rùn)和興奮。percentagepoints“百分點(diǎn)”百分之幾通常用“num+percentof+noun”表示。所以，答案是C。

13.

Whatdistinguishedherintheothergirlswasherpeculiarhairstyle.A.toB.fromC.thanD.with正確答案：B[解析]固定搭配

distinguish…from把……和……區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)；此句意為：她獨(dú)特的發(fā)型使人能將她與其他女孩區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)；因此B為答案。

14.

Maryisasfastas,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneinherclassandshouldbeontheteam.A.asfast,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneelseB.asfastas,ifnotmorefastthan,anyoneC.asfastas,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneelseD.asfast,ifnotfasterthan,anyone正確答案：C[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用

本題考察的是比較級(jí)的使用：同等比較用的是as+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象；優(yōu)等比較是在少于兩個(gè)音節(jié)的形容詞/副詞后加-er，或用more+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+than；注意more不能修飾以-er構(gòu)成的比較級(jí)；因此只有C為答案。

15.

Weshouldletmoreyoungparentsandtheirchildrencanenjoyscientificearlyeducation.A.providemoreyoungparentsandtheirchildrentoenjoyearlyeducationB.providemoreyoungparentsandtheirchildrentoenjoyearlyeducationandscientificC.provideyoungparentsandtheirchildrenenjoymorescientificearlyeducationD.provideyoungparentsandtheirchildrenwithmoreearlyeducationservices正確答案：D[解析]固定搭配。

letsb.do結(jié)構(gòu)后面不能加videsb.withsth.表示“提供”。

ⅡReadingComprehension

Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.

"Theburntchildfearsthefire"isoneinstance;anotheristheriseofdespotslikeHitler.Bothexamplesalsopointupthefactthatattitudesstemfromexperience.Inonecasetheexperiencewasdirectandimpressive;intheotheritwasindirectandcumulative.TheNaziswereindoctrinatedlargelybythespeechestheyheardandthebookstheyread.

Theclassroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinastrategicpositiontoinfluenceattitudes.Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudesfromthoseadultswhosewordtheyrespect.

Anotherreasonitistrueisthatpupilsoftendelvesomewhatdeeplyintoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeentoucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore.ToachildwhohadpreviouslyacquiredlittleknowledgeofMexico,histeacher'smethodofhandlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMexicans.

Themediathroughwhichtheteachercandevelopwholesomeattitudesareinnumerable.Socialstudies(withspecialreferencetoraces,creedsandnationalities),sciencemattersofhealthandsafety,theveryatmosphereoftheclassroom...theseareafewofthefertilefieldsfortheinculcationofproperemotionalreactions.

However.whenchildrencometoschoolwithundesirableattitudes,itisunwisefortheteachertoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycajolingorscoldingthem.Shecanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtainconstructiveexperiences.

Toillustrate,firstgradepupilsafraidofpolicemenwillprobablyaltertheirattitudesafteraclassroomchatwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesameway,aclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion,research,outsidereadingandall-daytrips.

Finally,ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudes,becauseherinfluencecanbedeleteriousifshehaspersonalprejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesandquestionsonwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionsasaresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.1.

Thecentralideaoftheabovepassageisthat______.A.attitudesaffectouractionsB.teachersareimportantindevelopingorchangingpupils'attitudesC.attitudescanbechangedbysomeclassroomexperiencesD.bytheirattitudes,teachersinadvertentlyaffectpupils'attitudes正確答案：B[解析]本題考查文章大意。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述影響人態(tài)度的因素，其中漢族要講述了老師對(duì)發(fā)展和改變學(xué)生態(tài)度方面的重要作用，所以，答案是B。

2.

Theword"despot"underlinedinParagraph2meansaperson______.A.whoenjoysahighreputationB.whoisverysuccessfulinpoliticsC.withunlimitedpowersD.whodepositsalargesumofmoneyinabank正確答案：C[解析]本題考查推理判斷。由常識(shí)可知，希特勒是德國(guó)元首，且名聲極差，故排除A。B、D也不正確。我們可以推斷的是他具有無(wú)限的權(quán)利。所以，答案是C。

3.

Thepupils'attitudesareNOTinfluencedby______.A.theirparents'persuasiontobehaveproperlyB.theirteachers'attitudesC.thespeechestheyhearandthebookstheyreadD.suchmediaassocialstudies,sciencematterandclassroomatmosphere正確答案：A[解析]本題考查是非判斷。根據(jù)第二段“TheNaziswereindoctrinatedlargelybythespeechestheyheardandthebookstheyread．”可知，C項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)第三段Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudesfromthoseadultswhosewordtheyrespect．可知，A項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)第五段Socialstudies(withspecialreferencetoraces，creedsandnationalities)，sciencemattersofhealthandsafety，theveryatmosphereoftheclassroom.可知，D項(xiàng)正確。所以，答案是A

4.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepupils______.A.usuallystudyacertainsubjectingreaterdetailsathomethanatschoolB.usuallydonotstudyacertainsubjectathomeC.studythesubjectsonlyatschoolD.studyasubjectmoredeeplyatschoolthanathome正確答案：D[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段的Anotherreasonitistrueisthatpupilsoftendelvesomewhatdeeplyintoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeentoucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore．可知，對(duì)于在家觸碰到的問(wèn)題，還在在學(xué)校就喜歡深研究。所以，答案是D。

5.

Theexampleofthepupils'learningaboutMexicoshowsthat______.A.achildusuallylearnstherightthingsfromtheirteachersB.ateachercancorrectapupil'swrongideasC.ateacher'sattitudecaninfluenceachild'sattitudebyteachingD.achild'sattitudeisverychangeable正確答案：C[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段的ToachildwhohadpreviouslyacquiredlittleknowledgeofMexico，histeacher'smethodofhandlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMexicans．可知，對(duì)于一個(gè)事先不了解墨西哥的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，老師對(duì)待這一單元的態(tài)度會(huì)大大地影響孩子對(duì)墨西哥人的態(tài)度。所以，答案是C。

6.

Theauthorimpliesthat______.A.theteachershouldguidealldiscussionsbyrevealingherownattitudeB.insomeaspectsofsocialstudiesagreatervarietyofmethodscanbeusedintheuppergradesthaninthelowergradesC.peopleusuallyactonthebasisofreasoningratherthanemotionD.children'sattitudesoftencomefromthoseofotherchildren正確答案：B[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段Toillustrate，firstgradepupilsafraidofpolicemenwillprobablyaltertheirattitudesafteraclassroomchatwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem．Inthesameway，aclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion，research，outsidereadingandall-daytrips．可知，對(duì)于一年級(jí)的學(xué)生，我們只能用一種方法改變其態(tài)度，而對(duì)于大點(diǎn)的學(xué)生，我們可以采用很多方式發(fā)展其態(tài)度。由此推斷，答案是B。

7.

Astatementmadeorimpliedinthepassageisthat______.A.attitudescanbebasedonthelearningoffalsehoodsB.achildcandevelopintheclassroomanattitudeabouttheimportanceofbrushinghisteethC.attitudescannoteasilybechangedbyrewardsandlecturesD.theattitudesofelementaryschool-agedchildrenareinfluencedprimarilybytheirteachers正確答案：D[解析]本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Theclassroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinastrategicpositiontoinfluenceattitudes．”可知，小學(xué)老師對(duì)學(xué)生態(tài)度的影響起決定性的作用。由此推之，答案是D。

8.

Thepassagespecificallystatesthat______.A.directexperiencesaremorevaluablethanindirectonesB.whateverattitudesachildlearnsinschoolhavealreadybeenintroducedathomeC.teachersshouldalwaysconcealtheirownattitudesD.teacherscansometimeshaveanunwholesomeinfluenceonchildren正確答案：D[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudes，becauseherinfluencecanbedeleteriousifshehaspersonalprejudices．可知，老師必須不斷的評(píng)估自己的態(tài)度，因?yàn)?，如果他有個(gè)人偏見(jiàn)的話，他的影響就很有害。所以，答案是D。

9.

Fromthelastparagraph,wecanseethat______.A.ateacher'sinfluenceonchildrenisalwayspositiveB.childrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionsbyignoringobjectivefactsC.ifimproperlyhandled,ateacher'sinfluencecanbeveryharmfultothechildrenD.childrenmaydevelopprejudicesiftheteacher'sattitudeiswrong正確答案：C[解析]本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudes,becauseherinfluencecanbedeleteriousifshehaspersonalprejudices．可知，老師必須不斷的評(píng)估自己的態(tài)度，因?yàn)?，如果他有個(gè)人偏見(jiàn)的話，他的影響就很有害。所以，答案是C。

10.

Theauthorofthispassagetriesto______.A.presentcertainfactsofhowthedevelopmentofaperson'sattitudecanbeinfluencedB.showthatoursocietyisnotdoingenoughtohelpchildrenshapetheirattitudesC.pointoutthatteachersaretheonlypeoplewhocaninfluencethechildren'sattitudesD.provethatspeechesandbooksaretheonlyfactorstoindoctrinatechildren正確答案：A[解析]本題考查文章意圖。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了影響人態(tài)度的主要因素，其中主要介紹老師對(duì)人的態(tài)度的影響。所以，答案是A。

Itsoundslikeasciencefiction,butresearcherssayit'sascientificfact:Microscopicorganismsdubbed"killeralgae"areparalyzingfishwithunknowntoxinsandtheneatingawayattheirflesh.Theymightbemakingpeoplesick,too.

Thenamegiventothissingle-cellorganism,ordinoflagellate,isPfiesteriapiscimorte-literally,"fishkiller."ItwasdiscoveredatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityin1988,butatthesametime,fewscientistsbelievedinitsexistence,muchlessinitshighlyunusualpredatorynature.Butongoingresearchhasledtointernationalacknowledgmentofthephenomenonand,recently,researchfunding.

Seeminglypromptedbyanunknownsubstancesecretedbyfish,theaggressivecreatureswimsintoaction.Itsendsneurotoxinsintothewaterandair,paralyzingafish'snervoussystem,andcausingittogaspforairatthesurface.Eventuallythefishsuffocates.Thekillerdinoflagellatethenattachesitselftothefishandbeginssuckingawayatitsflesh.Thismacabrescenariomayhelpsolveseveralseamysteries,suchaswhyfishermenreportseeing"fishwalks"(fishtryingtoleavethewater)andpoolsofdeadfishwithholeseatenthroughthem.

Whetherhumansareaffectedbythedinoflagellate'stoxinremainstobeseen.Researchersthinkit'sunlikelyeatingfreshfishareindanger,butanyonewithfrequentexposuretothecreaturecouldbeinperil.Severalresearchersworkingwiththealgaehavereportedboutsofmemorylossanddisorientation.

Tounderstandthekilleralgaefurther,scientistsmustfullycharacterizetheirtoxinanddeterminewhatstimulatesthemtoattack.Theyalsoneedtoknowifthealgaearehurtingfishpopulations,andwhetherpollutantsmakethemmorelikelytoattack.11.

Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A.informingreadersofdifferentseacreaturesB.describingpredatorymicroscopicorganismsC.solvingsomelong-lastingmysteriesabouttheseaD.discussingtheenvironmentforvariousfishes正確答案：B[解析]主旨題型

通讀全文可知本文第一段是本文的主旨：講的是ascientificfact：Microscopicorganismsareparalyzingfishwithunknowntoxinsandtheneatingawayattheirflesh.Theymightbemakingpeoplesicktoo.因此整體講的是Microscopicorganisms,B為答案。(第一段講的是：聽(tīng)上去像一篇科幻小說(shuō)，但研究人員說(shuō)這是一個(gè)科學(xué)事實(shí)：一種綽號(hào)為“藻類殺手”的微觀生物用一種不知名的(生物)毒素麻痹魚類，然后食用它們的肉。它們也可能會(huì)使人類得病。)

12.

Theword"they"underlinedinParagraph1refersto______.A.organismsB.fishC.toxinsD.flesh正確答案：A[解析]推斷題型

見(jiàn)第一段第一句，麻痹魚類后食用魚肉的microscopicorganisms也許會(huì)使人類得病。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷也可判斷此處的they指的即是前面的microscopicorganisms，因此A為答案。

13.

Theword"literally"underlinedinParagraph2mostprobablymeans______.A.namelyB.superficiallyC.imaginativelyD.actually正確答案：D[解析]詞義題型

見(jiàn)第二段第一句：Thenamegiventothissingle-cellorganism，ordinoflagellate，isPfiesteriapiscimorte-literally，"fishkiller."可知thissingle-cellorganism即dinoflagellate，就是Pfiesteriapiscimorte，也即“fishkiller”；因指的都是一種東西，因此D為答案。

14.

Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.A.manyscientistshadknowndinoflagellatebefore1988B.therehadbeennosuchorganismsbefore1988C.manyscientistswereindoubtaboutthenatureoftheorganismin1988D.noscientistsknewanythingabouttheorganismin1988正確答案：C[解析]推斷題型

見(jiàn)第二段第二句：ItwasdiscoveredatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityin1988，butatthesametime,fewscientistsbelievedinitsexistence,muchlessinitshighlyunusualpredatorynature.(1988年在北卡羅萊納州立大學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種生物，但同時(shí)幾乎沒(méi)什么人相信它的存在，更沒(méi)有人相信它非同尋常的食肉天性(predatorynature)了。)因此C為答案。

15.

AllthefollowingnamesareusedtodescribetheorganismEXCEPT______.A.dinoflagellateB.PfiesteriapiscimorteC.killeralgaeD.asciencefiction正確答案：D[解析]是非題型

選項(xiàng)A，B都在第二段第一句中提及，選項(xiàng)C在第一段第一句中提到，三者指的都是microscopicorganisms；而選項(xiàng)D是第一段第一句就否定了的；因此D為答案。

16.

Theword"prompted"underlinedinParagraph3means______.A.stimulatedB.attractedC.annoyedD.shocked正確答案：A[解析]詞義題型

見(jiàn)第三段第一句：Seeminglypromptedbyanunknownsubstancesecretedbyfish，theaggressivecreatureswimsintoaction.prompt刺激，鼓動(dòng)；慫恿，敦促；因此與A意義相同；因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。

17.

Whichofthefollowingquestionsisansweredaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassage?A.Whatisthetoxinusedbythefishkiller?B.Whofirstdiscoveredtheorganism?C.Howdoesthefishkillerparalyzefish?D.Howmanyfishescantheorganismkilleachday?正確答案：C[解析]是非題型

第一段中提到thefishkiller有toxins，但沒(méi)提它使用何種toxins，排除選項(xiàng)A；第二段中提到thefishkiller于1988年在大學(xué)被發(fā)現(xiàn)，但沒(méi)提及是誰(shuí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，排除選項(xiàng)B；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及；因此C為答案(在第三段第二句中談到thefishkiller向水中、空氣中釋放神經(jīng)毒素，麻痹了魚類的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，使得魚類鉆到水面呼吸；最終魚類窒息而死；然后它就附著于魚身食其肉)。

18.

Researchersthinkthatitis______.A.safetoeatfreshfishB.dangeroustogetclosetothealgaeC.safetobenearthealgaeD.dangeroustoexposethealgae正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)題型

見(jiàn)第四段第二句：Researchersthinkit'sunlikelyea