江蘇省鹽城市高三上學(xué)期11月期中英語試題（含答案解析）

鹽城市2025屆三年級(jí)第一學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Readinganewspaper.B.Servingacustomer.C.Waitingforatrain.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Homedecoration.B.Familygatherings.C.Childhoodmemories.3.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotoday?A.Gotoamusicfestival.B.Gooutforlunch.C.Haveapicnic.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Complainaboutservice.B.Openabankaccount.C.Confirmapayment.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Tipsonimprovingbrainhealth.B.Waystostudyaforeignlanguage.C.Benefitsoflearninganewlanguage.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanfindyesterdaymorning?A.Rainoutside.B.Fogovertheforest.C.Wildfiresmoke.7.Whatdothespeakersplantodoattheweekend?A.Visittheman'sparents.B.Removesomedeadtrees.C.Talkwiththeirchildren.聽第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Parentandchild.C.Co-workers.9.WhatisthewomandoinginLondon?A.Attendingaconference.B.Visitingcolleges.C.Takingaholiday.10.WhatdoesthewomantellDannytodo?A.Eatfewersnacks.B.Takecareofhissister.C.Plancollegevisits.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inapark.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaschool.12.WhatdidMikelikebestasachild?A.Watchingtelevision.B.Playingoutside.C.Readingbooks.13.What'sthemainproblemfortoday'schildrenaccordingtoMaggie?A.Theyeattoomuchsugar.B.Theydon'tgetenoughexercise.C.Theyhavetoomuchscreentime.聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Howdoesthewomanfeelatthestartoftheconversation?A.Stressed.B.Awkward.C.Relaxed.15.Whateventisthewomancurrentlymakingronghuafor?A.AChinesefestival.B.Awedding.C.Abirthday.16.Howmuchlongerwilltheflowerarrangementtaketofinish?A.35hours.B.40hours.C.56hours.17.Whatpartofronghua-makingdoesthewomanenjoymost?A.Choosingthecolors.B.Brushingthesilk.C.Rollingtheflowers.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.WhatisDad,howdoI?A.Achildren'sstory.B.Anonlinechannel.C.ATVshow.19.WhenwasDadhowdoI?launched?A.InApril2020.B.InMay2020.C.InJune2020.20.WhatisRobKenneybestknownfor?A.Givingfatherlyadvice.B.Beingaparentingexpert.C.Increasingthepopularityofbedtimestories.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABraille,thetactilereadingsystemblindpeoplecanusetoreadtext,isinmoreplacesthanyoumayfirstrealize,whichworksbyusingsixtactiledots(觸點(diǎn))setintwocolumnsandthreerows,knownascells.Eachraiseddotrelatestoaletter,anumberoramark,andeachletterhasitsownpatternofdots.TherearetwowaysinwhichBraillecanberead,eitherasindividuallettersorpredeterminedphrasesorgroupedletters.AccordingtotheWHO,36millionpeoplegloballyareblind.However,fewerandfewerpeopleareusingBrailletoread,duetoaudioalternatives.TheNightWriterThoughBraillebearsthenameofamanrememberedforitscreation,itwasanotherwhofirstusedraiseddotsforwriting.Backintheearly1800s,FrenchofficerCharlesBarbierinventedthetechnique-nightwriting,wherea12-dotcellwasemployed.BarbierlaterlecturedonhissystemattheRoyalInstituteforBlindYouthsinParis,whicha12-year-oldstudentnamedLouisBrailleeventuallyimprovedupon.HowBlindPeopleReadDigitalTextThoughtraditionalBrailleisstillusedbymanyinthevisuallychallengedcommunity,thedigitalrevolution(革命)hastakenitfrompapertoplastic.SeveralcompanieshavecreatedelectronicBraillereaderstoturndigitalinformationintoBraille.ThesedevicestranslatedigitaltextandpresentitasBraillethroughaseriesofcellscomprisedofchangingplasticpins(針)tocopytactiledots.1.WhatisacellinBraille?A.Itreferstoareadingsystem. B.Itrepresentsatactiledotintext.C.Itisapredeterminedphrase. D.Itisasetof6dotsina2×3pattern.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutBraille?A.ItisnamedforLouisBraille’soriginalidea.B.ThenumberofBrailleusersisonthedecrease.C.ElectronicBraillereadersturntextintoaudio.D.Thedigitalrevolutionhasbroughtanendtocells.3.Inwhichofthefollowingmagazinescanwefindthearticle?A.HowItWorks. B.TechlifeNews.C.AncientHistory. D.NationalGeography.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了盲文這一觸覺閱讀系統(tǒng)的基本情況、歷史背景以及在現(xiàn)代技術(shù)影響下的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Braille,thetactilereadingsystemblindpeoplecanusetoreadtext,isinmoreplacesthanyoumayfirstrealize,whichworksbyusingsixtactiledots(觸點(diǎn))setintwocolumnsandthreerows,knownascells.(盲文是一種觸覺閱讀系統(tǒng)，盲人可以通過它閱讀文字。盲文的應(yīng)用比你最初可能意識(shí)到的要廣泛得多，它通過使用排列成兩列三行的六個(gè)觸覺觸點(diǎn)（也稱為盲文單元）來工作。)”可知，盲文的“cell”由六個(gè)觸點(diǎn)組成，排列成兩列三行。故選D。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AccordingtotheWHO,36millionpeoplegloballyareblind.However,fewerandfewerpeopleareusingBrailletoread,duetoaudioalternatives.TheNightWriter(據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織統(tǒng)計(jì)，全球有3600萬人失明。然而，由于有了聽覺替代方案——TheNightWriter，使用盲文閱讀的人越來越少。)”可知，使用盲文的人數(shù)在減少。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了盲文的工作原理和歷史背景，并涉及了其在現(xiàn)代技術(shù)下的應(yīng)用，最符合這一主題的雜志是選項(xiàng)A“HowItWorks(它是如何工作的)”。這個(gè)標(biāo)題與文章探討盲文如何工作以及其在不同背景下的應(yīng)用等內(nèi)容一致。故選A。BWhenIwaseleven,mymomanddaddied.Iwasleftcaringformyyoungerbrotherandfeltataloss.WemovedinwithmygrandparentsinNandi.ThoughIwantedaneducation,theyinsistedthateducationdidn’tmatterforgirls.SoI’dwakeupinthemorningssweepthehouse,washthedishes,cookbreakfast,andruntoschool.Despiteallthis,IwasadmittedtooneofKenya’stophighschoolselsewhere.However,povertydidnotallowmetostayinschool.Iwasconstantlysenthomeforschoolfees.ThatwaswhenImetAkiliDada,anonprofitsupportinggirls’education.Theyofferedmeascholarship,whichchangedmylifeandgavemeanewfocusinlife.Theynotonlyfocusedoneducatingme,butalsobuildingmeasaperson.ForthefirsttimeIfeltempoweredtofocusonmyschoolingandappreciatethepersonIwas.IwentfromthebottomoftheclasstobeingatopstudentandfinishedhighschoolwithanAaverage.In2015,IreceivedaMasterCardscholarshiptostudyManagementInformationSystemsatAshesiUniversityinGhana.Thiscourse,whichcombinesbusinessandcomputerscience,isasteptowardmydreamofearningaPhDandworkingfortheUnitedNations(UN).WhenIwasgrowingupinNandi,thevillagehadnolawyersordoctors.Tofillthegap,IcreatedaprogramcalledLifeLifters,whichaimstoempowertheyouthtobeinnovative,createchange,andseevalueineducation.IamthefirstgenerationinmyvillagetostudyabroadandIhopetoinspiretheyouthinmyareatofocusoneducationandcreatewealthforthemselves.Ifirmlybelieveinthepowerofeducationforgirls.Ifgirlsunderstandtheirrightsandworkforthem,thenwecangrowasocietywherethesamevalueisplacedonbothmaleandfemale.Itshouldn’tmatterwhetheryou’reaboyoragirl-youareahumanbeing,whichiswhatAkiliDadataughtme.IntheendIwishtobearesourcetowomen,andtheworldingeneral.4.Whydidtheauthorfeelatalossateleven?A.Thelossofparentsledtoanuncertainfuture.B.Sheandherbrotherweresentawayfromhome.C.Hergrandparentscouldhardlysupportherliving.D.Shehadtomovetoanothervillageforschooling.5.Whatmadetheauthorclosetoquittinghighschool?A.Herpooracademicperformance.BTheprejudiceagainstgirlsoncampus.C.Lackofcontinuousfinancialsupport.D.Thedistancefromschooltoherhome.6.HowdidAkiliDadabenefittheauthor?A.Byrestoringherdignity. B.ByintroducinghertotheUN.C.Bytrainingherforajob. D.Byteachinghercomputerskills.7.WhatisthepurposeofLifeLifters?AToselectpotentialyoungtalentsforUNjobs.B.ToprovidescholarshipsforpoorgirlsinNandi.C.Toinspireawarenessofeducationinlocalyouth.D.Tomakenewtechnologyavailableinruralareas.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者個(gè)人的成長經(jīng)歷，包括父母去世后的生活變化、接受教育的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇、以及通過自己的努力和對教育的堅(jiān)持所取得的成就和未來的愿景?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenIwaseleven,mymomanddaddied.Iwasleftcaringformyyoungerbrotherandfeltataloss.(當(dāng)我十一歲時(shí)，我的父母去世了。我不得不照顧年幼的弟弟，感到無所適從。)”可知，作者十一歲時(shí)父母去世，留下她照顧年幼的弟弟，因此她感到茫然。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“However,povertydidnotallowmetostayinschool.Iwasconstantlysenthomeforschoolfees.(然而，貧困卻使我無法繼續(xù)留在學(xué)校。我因?yàn)閷W(xué)費(fèi)問題而不斷被學(xué)校趕回家。)”可知，作者因?yàn)樨毨Ф鵁o法繼續(xù)留在學(xué)校，經(jīng)常因?yàn)閷W(xué)費(fèi)問題被學(xué)校趕回家。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theyofferedmeascholarship,whichchangedmylifeandgavemeanewfocusinlife.Theynotonlyfocusedoneducatingme,butalsobuildingmeasaperson.(他們?yōu)槲姨峁┝艘环莳?jiǎng)學(xué)金，這改變了我的人生，給了我新的生活目標(biāo)。他們不僅關(guān)注我的教育，還致力于培養(yǎng)我成為一個(gè)完整的人。)”可知，AkiliDada為作者提供了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，改變了她的生活，并給了她新的生活目標(biāo)。他們不僅關(guān)注她的教育，還致力于培養(yǎng)她成為一個(gè)完整的人。這使作者第一次感到自己有了力量去專注于學(xué)業(yè)，并且開始欣賞自己。這可以理解為AkiliDada通過提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金和支持，幫助作者恢復(fù)了自尊和自信，使她能夠面對生活的挑戰(zhàn)，并有了積極的人生態(tài)度。故選A。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“WhenIwasgrowingupinNandi,thevillagehadnolawyersordoctors.Tofillthegap,IcreatedaprogramcalledLifeLifters,whichaimstoempowertheyouthtobeinnovative,createchange,andseevalueineducation.(在我在南迪長大的村莊里，沒有律師也沒有醫(yī)生。為了彌補(bǔ)這一空白，我創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為“LifeLifters”的項(xiàng)目，旨在激勵(lì)年輕人勇于創(chuàng)新、創(chuàng)造變革，并認(rèn)識(shí)到教育的價(jià)值。)”可知，LifeLifters項(xiàng)目是為了激勵(lì)年輕人認(rèn)識(shí)到教育的價(jià)值。故選C。CIfapatientknewtheirdoctorwasgoingtogivethembadinformationduringanupcomingappointment,they’dcancelimmediately.GenerativeAImodelssuchasChatGPT,however,frequentlymakestuffuptocheatoureyes.SowhywouldanyonewanttouseanAIformedicalpurposes?Here’stheoptimisticscenario(設(shè)想):notonlydoAItoolsgettrainedonmedicalliterature,buttheyalsoscanpatientrecordsandsmartwatchdata.Then,theyproducepersonalizedtipstoeachuser,accurateenoughtobehelpful.Thedystopianversion:governments,insurancecompanies,andthemedicalenterprisespushimmatureAItocutcosts,leavingpatientsdesperateformedicalcarefromclinicians.Rightnow,it’seasytoimaginethingsgoingwrong,especiallybecauseAIhasalreadybeenaccusedofofferingharmfuladviceonline.“ChatGPTandotherlargelanguagemodelsareveryconfident,theyexpressthemselvesclearly,andthey’reveryoftenwrong,”saysMarkDredze,aprofessoratJohnsHopkinsUniversity.Still,heisoptimistic.ChatGPTalreadygivesadvicethat’scomparabletotherecommendationsphysiciansofferonline,hisnewlypublishedresearchhasfound.Andfuturegenerativemodelsmightcomplement(完善)tripstothedoctor,ratherthanreplacingconsultsentirely.Theycouldhelpexplaintreatmentsandconditions,suchaspreventingmisunderstandingsduetolanguagebarriers.Inamorepromisingfuture,AIsystemswouldcombinemultipledatasources.Usingphotos,patientrecords,informationfromwearablesensors,andmore,theycoulddelivergoodcareanywheretoanyone.AsmedicalAIdevelops,theindustrymustkeepgrowingamountsofpatientdatasecure.Butmanyhospitalsalreadysellsensitivepatientdatatotechcompanies.SomeonesuggeststhatthatinformationbeaddedtonationaldatasetstoimprovemedicalAImodels.Additionally,thegovernmentcouldreviewtheaccuracyofAItoolsusedbyhospitalsandmedicalgroupsandcutoffvaluablefundingforsubstandardsoftware.Doctorsshouldn’tjustbehandedAItools,either,theyshouldreceiveextensivetrainingonhowtousethem.It’seasytoseehowAlcompaniesmighttrickorganizationsandpatientsintosigningupforservicesthatcan’tbetrusted.Lawmakers,healtheareprovidersandtechcompaniesneedtomoveaheadwithcaution(謹(jǐn)慎).Livesdependonit.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dystopian”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Uplifting. B.Practical. C.Advanced. D.Discouraging.9.WhatmightbethecurrentviewonAIinmedicalfields?A.Itcanprovideaccuratesuggestions. B.AIwilladaptandreplacedoctors.C.PatientsareeagerforAItreatment. D.ThereisstillalongwayforAItogo.10.AccordingtoMarkDredze,whatcanAIpossiblyhelpdo?A.Preventillnesses. B.Improvecommunication.C.Assessdoctors. D.Checkrecommendations.11.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith?A.ThedevelopmentofAIistoofastforhumancontrol.B.ItishighlyirresponsibletointroduceAItomedicine.C.PromotingAI-aidmedicalcheckupsisaseasyaspie.D.TheapplicationofAItomedicineisworthjointefforts.【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章圍繞“為什么還會(huì)有人想在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域使用AI”這一主題展開，通過提出樂觀和悲觀的設(shè)想、引用專家觀點(diǎn)、分析醫(yī)療AI發(fā)展面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及提出解決方案等方式，對醫(yī)療AI的利弊進(jìn)行了深入分析和討論?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Here’stheoptimisticscenario(設(shè)想):notonlydoAItoolsgettrainedonmedicalliterature,buttheyalsoscanpatientrecordsandsmartwatchdata.(這里有一種樂觀的設(shè)想：AI工具不僅接受過醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)的訓(xùn)練，還能掃描病人記錄和智能手表數(shù)據(jù)。)”以及劃線單詞所在句“Thedystopianversion:governments,insurancecompanies,andthemedicalenterprisespushimmatureAItocutcosts,leavingpatientsdesperateformedicalcarefromclinicians.(而……版本的設(shè)想是：政府、保險(xiǎn)公司和醫(yī)療企業(yè)推動(dòng)使用不成熟的人工智能來降低成本，導(dǎo)致病人無法得到臨床醫(yī)生提供的醫(yī)療護(hù)理，陷入絕望。)”可推測，劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)該與“令人沮喪的”意思相近。選項(xiàng)D“discouraging”，意為“令人沮喪的”與此相符。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段““ChatGPTandotherlargelanguagemodelsareveryconfident,theyexpressthemselvesclearly,andthey’reveryoftenwrong,”saysMarkDredze,aprofessoratJohnsHopkinsUniversity.Still,heisoptimistic.ChatGPTalreadygivesadvicethat’scomparabletotherecommendationsphysiciansofferonline,hisnewlypublishedresearchhasfound.Andfuturegenerativemodelsmightcomplement(完善)tripstothedoctor,ratherthanreplacingconsultsentirely.(“ChatGPT和其他大型語言模型非常自信，表達(dá)清晰，但它們經(jīng)常出錯(cuò)，”約翰斯·霍普金斯大學(xué)的教授MarkDredze說。盡管如此，他仍持樂觀態(tài)度。他的最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，ChatGPT已經(jīng)能夠提供與醫(yī)生在網(wǎng)上提供的建議相當(dāng)?shù)慕ㄗh。未來的生成式模型可能會(huì)輔助醫(yī)生就診，而不是完全取代咨詢。)”可知，ChatGPT提供的建議與醫(yī)生在線提供的建議相當(dāng)，而未來的生成式模型可能會(huì)輔助醫(yī)生就診，而不是完全取代咨詢。這也說明AI目前還不能完全替代醫(yī)生。由此可知，AI還有很長的路要走。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ChatGPTalreadygivesadvicethat’scomparabletotherecommendationsphysiciansofferonline,hisnewlypublishedresearchhasfound.Andfuturegenerativemodelsmightcomplement(完善)tripstothedoctor,ratherthanreplacingconsultsentirely.Theycouldhelpexplaintreatmentsandconditions,suchaspreventingmisunderstandingsduetolanguagebarriers.(他的最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，ChatGPT已經(jīng)能夠提供與醫(yī)生在網(wǎng)上提供的建議相當(dāng)?shù)慕ㄗh。未來的生成式模型可能會(huì)輔助醫(yī)生就診，而不是完全取代咨詢。它們可以幫助解釋治療方案和病情，比如避免因語言障礙而產(chǎn)生的誤解。)”可知，AI可以輔助解釋醫(yī)療信息和狀況，有助于改善醫(yī)生和患者之間的溝通。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章第二段描述了AI在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域可能存在的兩個(gè)極端情況，即理想情況下AI可以為患者提供個(gè)性化的、足夠準(zhǔn)確的建議，而不好的情況下AI可能被不成熟地應(yīng)用，給患者帶來問題。第三段引用了MarkDredze的話，提到AI可能有助于改善溝通，減少誤解。第四段則提到隨著醫(yī)療AI的發(fā)展，需要確?；颊邤?shù)據(jù)的安全，同時(shí)提出了一些措施，如將患者信息添加到國家數(shù)據(jù)集、政府審查AI工具的準(zhǔn)確性、醫(yī)生接受培訓(xùn)等。最后一段提到AI公司可能會(huì)欺騙組織和患者，因此立法者、醫(yī)療保健提供者和科技公司需要謹(jǐn)慎行事。因此，可以推斷出作者認(rèn)為將AI應(yīng)用于醫(yī)學(xué)是值得共同努力的，但需要謹(jǐn)慎行事并采取措施確保安全和準(zhǔn)確性。故選D。DIamsomewhatahard-workingwomananddon’tliketofailatest.Thus,youcanimaginemyhorrorwhenafriendandItookanonlinepersonalitytesttodeterminelevelsofoptimism-andI’msadderthanEeyore,apessimisticcartoonfigure!Ihadassumedthat,asanoptimistlikePooh,anothercartoonfigure,Isawthebestinpeople,happierthanpessimists.Therewasnoreasontosuggestthiswastrue,butsodeeplydidIbelieveitthatIfeltashamedofmytest.Itriedtojustifytheresulttomyfriend:itwasabadweek;theweatherwasdepressing;Iwasn’tapessimist;Iwasarealist.Mypoorpessimisticselfkeptexplaininguntilmyfriendputmeoutofmypain.Pessimismandoptimismarejustastateofbeingandwecanmovebetweenthetwo.Apparently,therearethreethingstothinkabouthere.First,howpersonallydoyoutakethings?Ifafriendisinabadmood,doyouassumeitistodowithyou,orthatthey’rejustabitupsetthatday?Optimistsfavourthelatterandknowthey’renotresponsibleforeverythingallaround.Second,howpervasive(遍布的)isafeelingforyou?Ifsomethinggoeswrong,doyouseeitasasingleincident,orasignthatmorebadluckwillfollow?Eeyoresseeamissedmorningalarmasadarksignfortheentireday.Finally,howpermanentdoyouthinkasituationis?Poohsbelieveinthesaying,“Thistooshallpass,”butBeyoresbelieveabadsituationwillstaythatwayforever.Istartedtoseehowmycurrentviewoftheworldwasmakingmeapessimist.IknowIcantakethingspersonallybut,whenItookthetest,IwasburntoutatworkandfeelinglikeIwaslettingeveryonedown.So,howtochange?Istartedsmall-whenIwasfeelingunhappyinasituation,I’daskmyself,“HowwouldaPoohseethis?”1repeatedthesayingandchosetobelieveinhope,becausethat’swhatoptimistsdo.12.Whatwastheauthor’sresponsetothetestresult?A.Shetookitseriously. B.Shetreateditasajoke.C.Shechosetoignoreit. D.Sheadmitteditsaccuracy.13.Whatmightbeaproperunderstandingofoptimismandpessimism?A.Optimismcausesmoreharmthanpessimism.B.Optimismandpessimismaredefinedbytests.C.Bothofthemarejustamatterofpersonalchoice.D.Theyarefixedandnormallynotinterchangeable.14.WhatmightPoohsthinkafterapossibletrafficaccident?A.Itisalwaysothers’fault. B.Itisasingleincident.C.Itisawarningtodriveless. D.Itisabadsignofmisfortune.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EnjoyYourMoment B.PoohtoEeyore!C.BelieveUntilYouMakeIt D.SayNotoPersonalityTests!【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章通過作者參加在線性格測試的經(jīng)歷，引出關(guān)于樂觀與悲觀態(tài)度的討論，并深入分析了影響個(gè)人樂觀或悲觀傾向的三個(gè)因素?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ihadassumedthat,asanoptimistlikePooh,anothercartoonfigure,Isawthebestinpeople,happierthanpessimists.Therewasnoreasontosuggestthiswastrue,butsodeeplydidIbelieveitthatIfeltashamedofmytest.Itriedtojustifytheresulttomyfriend:itwasabadweek;theweatherwasdepressing;Iwasn’tapessimist;Iwasarealist.(我一直以為自己像另一個(gè)卡通人物小熊維尼一樣是個(gè)樂觀主義者，我總是看到人們最好的一面，比悲觀主義者更快樂。雖然沒有任何理由表明這是真的，但我深信不疑，以至于對自己的測試結(jié)果感到羞愧。我試圖向朋友解釋這個(gè)結(jié)果：這一周過得太糟糕了；天氣令人沮喪；我不是個(gè)悲觀主義者；我是個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者。)”可知，作者對自己的測試結(jié)果感到羞愧，并試圖向朋友解釋這個(gè)結(jié)果，這表明她認(rèn)真對待了這個(gè)測試結(jié)果。故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mypoorpessimisticselfkeptexplaininguntilmyfriendputmeoutofmypain.Pessimismandoptimismarejustastateofbeingandwecanmovebetweenthetwo.(我那可憐的悲觀自我一直在解釋，直到朋友讓我擺脫了痛苦。悲觀和樂觀只是一種存在狀態(tài)，我們可以在兩者之間轉(zhuǎn)換。)”可知，人們可以在不同情況下根據(jù)自己的認(rèn)知和情緒反應(yīng)，在樂觀和悲觀之間做出選擇或轉(zhuǎn)換。因此，這是一種個(gè)人選擇。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ihadassumedthat,asanoptimistlikePooh,anothercartoonfigure,Isawthebestinpeople,happierthanpessimists.(我一直以為自己像另一個(gè)卡通人物小熊維尼一樣是個(gè)樂觀主義者，我總是看到人們最好的一面，比悲觀主義者更快樂。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為小熊維尼是個(gè)樂觀主義者。再根據(jù)文章第三段“Ifafriendisinabadmood,doyouassumeitistodowithyou,orthatthey’rejustabitupsetthatday?Optimistsfavourthelatterandknowthey’renotresponsibleforeverythingallaround.Second,howpervasive(遍布的)isafeelingforyou?Ifsomethinggoeswrong,doyouseeitasasingleincident,orasignthatmorebadluckwillfollow?Eeyoresseeamissedmorningalarmasadarksignfortheentireday.Finally,howpermanentdoyouthinkasituationis?Poohsbelieveinthesaying,“Thistooshallpass,”butBeyoresbelieveabadsituationwillstaythatwayforever.(如果朋友心情不好，你會(huì)認(rèn)為這與你有關(guān)，還是只是他們那天有點(diǎn)沮喪？樂觀主義者傾向于后者，并且知道他們不可能為周圍的一切負(fù)責(zé)。其次，你對一種感覺有多大的普遍性認(rèn)知？如果出了什么問題，你是把它看作一個(gè)單獨(dú)的事件，還是認(rèn)為它預(yù)示著更多的不幸將會(huì)接踵而至？Eeyores會(huì)把錯(cuò)過早上的鬧鐘看作是一整天的不祥之兆。最后，你認(rèn)為一種情況會(huì)持續(xù)多久？小熊維尼相信“這一切都會(huì)過去的”這句話，但Eeyores卻認(rèn)為糟糕的情況會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去。)”可推測，樂觀主義者傾向于將壞事視為單獨(dú)的事件，而不是一連串不幸的開始。因此，小熊維尼在可能的交通事故后可能會(huì)認(rèn)為“它是一個(gè)單獨(dú)的事件”。故選B。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章通過作者參加在線性格測試，引出對樂觀（以小熊維尼為代表）與悲觀（以Eeyore為代表）態(tài)度的討論。文章強(qiáng)調(diào)，樂觀和悲觀并非固定不變，而是可以在個(gè)人努力和意識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變下發(fā)生變化的。選項(xiàng)B“PoohtoEeyore!”直接引用了文章中的兩個(gè)角色，小熊維尼（樂觀的代表）和Eeyore（悲觀的代表），通過“到”這個(gè)詞暗示了從悲觀向樂觀的轉(zhuǎn)變，與文章主旨相符。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Istheglasshalffullorhalfempty?Asthesayingteachesus,it’saboutyourview.Butifyoufindyourselfviewingtheglassashalf-emptymoreoftenthannot,youmaybeexperiencingascarcitymindset(稀缺心態(tài)).____16____Thetermwasoriginallycoinedtodescribeaspecifictypeofanxietyexperiencedbypeoplewhoseincomesarebelowthegovernmentpovertyline.____17____It'softenappliedtootherpartsoflife,too.Whohasn'tstayedupallnightwonderingwhatcouldbeimprovedintheirlifeiftheyhadA,BorC?____18____Therootcausecouldbealife-changingeventthatmakesyoufocusonwhatyou’velostoraremissing.Thismightbelosingajob,climbingcreditcardbillsorendingarelationship.Ofcourse,it’seasiersaidthandonetogetoutofthiskindofmindset.Youcantakebabystepstowardit.Thefirststepisacceptingthatit’llbeimpossibletogetridofthesethoughtsovernight.Whennegativethoughtsappear,youmaytellyourself:____19____Butpsychologistsrecommendanacceptancemindset.Tellyourselfthisinstead:Idofeelthisway,butthisdoesn’thavetototallypreoccupyme.What’smore,surroundyourselfwithsupportive,positivepeople.Sometimes,beingaroundthepeopleconstantlyremindingyouofwhatyoudon’thavecanbringoutthenegativethoughtsrunningaroundinyourmind.____20____Andfindnewfriendsthathelpempoweryourpositivethoughtsinsteadofyournegativeones.Ifyournegativethoughtsarereallystartingtogettoyou,itmaybegoodtoseekatherapist(治療師)whocanhelpyou.A.Ascarcitymindsetcanarisefromalotofthings.B.Butascarcitymindsetisn’talwaysaboutfinances.C.Thisisbecauseyourbrainisn’tgoodatmultitasking.D.Thisiswhenyoubecomepreoccupiedwithwhatyoudon’thave.E.I'mnotgoingtothinkaboutthisandI’lljustignorethesefeelingsentirely.F.Tobreakthescarcitymindsethabit,setcertainboundarieswiththosepeople.G.Youcandothisbysimplyspeakingpositivethoughtsoutloudtopeoplearoundyou.【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章圍繞“稀缺心態(tài)”這一主題展開，通過提出問題、分析問題、提出解決方案的方式，闡述了稀缺心態(tài)的含義、來源以及如何應(yīng)對，表達(dá)了對這一心理現(xiàn)象的看法和態(tài)度?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Butifyoufindyourselfviewingtheglassashalf-emptymoreoftenthannot,youmaybeexperiencingascarcitymindset(稀缺心態(tài)).(但是，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己經(jīng)?？吹奖邮前肟盏模敲茨憧赡苷?jīng)歷著一種稀缺心態(tài)。)”可知，上文提到了稀缺心態(tài)這一概念。選項(xiàng)D“Thisiswhenyoubecomepreoccupiedwithwhatyoudon’thave.(這發(fā)生在當(dāng)你全神貫注于你沒有的東西時(shí)。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出稀缺心態(tài)發(fā)生場合。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Thetermwasoriginallycoinedtodescribeaspecifictypeofanxietyexperiencedbypeoplewhoseincomesarebelowthegovernmentpovertyline.(這個(gè)詞最初是用來描述收入低于政府貧困線的人所經(jīng)歷的一種特定類型的焦慮。)”可知，稀缺心態(tài)通常用來描述收入低的人的焦慮。選項(xiàng)B“Butascarcitymindsetisn’talwaysaboutfinances.(但稀缺心態(tài)并不總是與財(cái)務(wù)有關(guān)。)”與上文存在轉(zhuǎn)折，指出稀缺心態(tài)并不總是和錢有關(guān)，從而自然引出下文“It'softenappliedtootherpartsoflife,too.(這也經(jīng)常適用于生活的其他方面。)”故選B?！?8題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Therootcausecouldbealife-changingeventthatmakesyoufocusonwhatyou’velostoraremissing.Thismightbelosingajob,climbingcreditcardbillsorendingarelationship.(根本原因可能是一個(gè)改變生活的事件，使你專注于你失去或錯(cuò)過的東西。這可能是失業(yè)、信用卡賬單攀升或結(jié)束一段關(guān)系。)”可知，本段分析了產(chǎn)生稀缺心態(tài)的原因。選項(xiàng)A“Ascarcitymindsetcanarisefromalotofthings.(很多事情都可能導(dǎo)致稀缺心態(tài)。)”為本段主要內(nèi)容，指出有很多事情都會(huì)引起稀缺心態(tài)。故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whennegativethoughtsappear,youmaytellyourself:(當(dāng)負(fù)面想法出現(xiàn)時(shí)，你可能會(huì)告訴自己：)”以及下文“Butpsychologistsrecommendanacceptancemindset.(但是心理學(xué)家建議接受心態(tài)。)”可知，前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以此空應(yīng)該填寫一個(gè)表示拒絕接受負(fù)面想法的句子。選項(xiàng)E“I'mnotgoingtothinkaboutthisandI’lljustignorethesefeelingsentirely.(我不會(huì)去想它，我會(huì)完全忽略這些感覺。)”中的“ignorethesefeelings”與前文的“negativethoughts”相呼應(yīng)，都表示對負(fù)面想法的忽視。故選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sometimes,beingaroundthepeopleconstantlyremindingyouofwhatyoudon'thavecanbringoutthenegativethoughtsrunningaroundinyourmind.(有時(shí)，與那些不斷提醒你缺少什么的人在一起，會(huì)激發(fā)你腦海中徘徊的負(fù)面想法。)”以及后文“Andfindnewfriendsthathelpempoweryourpositivethoughtsinsteadofyournegativeones.(并結(jié)交新朋友，他們幫助你增強(qiáng)積極想法，而不是消極想法。)”可知，前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以此空應(yīng)該填寫表示與產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響的人設(shè)定界限的句子。選項(xiàng)F“Tobreakthescarcitymindsethabit,setcertainboundarieswiththosepeople.(為了打破稀缺心態(tài)的習(xí)慣，與這些人設(shè)定一定的界限。)”中的“setcertainboundarieswiththosepeople”與前文的“thepeopleconstantlyremindingyouofwhatyoudon’thave”相呼應(yīng)，都表示這些負(fù)面影響的人，且應(yīng)與這些人保持一定的距離。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneeveningin1993,mycardiedinadesertedpartofthehighwaytomycollegeparty.Withnophonesinthesnow,IknewIwas____21____.Itwasnotagoodoptiontowalktoget____22____.SoIgotoutandtriedtowavedownpassingcars.Afterhavingno____23____atthesideoftheroadandstartingto____24____inthebitterwind,Iwentbackintomycar.Suddenly,atruck____25____andIwasgrateful.Iwas____26____atfirsttoclimbintoastranger’struck.Atthispoint,however,Iwascoldanddesperate.The____27____ofthetruckwastooinvitingto____28____.AsIclimbedinside,thefirstthingInoticedwasapictureofhisfamilyattachedtohisdashboard(儀表盤).Hefirst____29____himselfas“Mike”andaskedwhereIwasgoing.I_____30_____mysituationand,asluckwouldhaveit,hewas_____31_____thatverywayandwouldbegladtodropmeoff.Ifelt_____32_____ateasewithMike.HehadmelaughingwithhisfamilystoriesuntilIarrivedatmy_____33_____.IaskedMikeiftherewasanythingIcoulddoto_____34_____him.Hisonlyanswer?“Justbecareful.”Thenhedroveaway.Thenextday,IaskedaroundtotrytofindMikesothatIcouldshowmy_____35_____.However,noonehadeverheardofMike.21.A.stuck B.lost C.bored D.confused22.A.advice B.help C.money D.food23.A.expectation B.time C.clue D.luck24.A.reflect B.fall C.freeze D.regret25.A.brokedown B.pulledover C.passedby D.hurriedaway26.A.hesitant B.content C.curious D.humble27.A.design B.smell C.color D.warmth28.A.possess B.decline C.accept D.enjoy29.A.treated B.imagined C.introduced D.viewed30.A.predicted B.analyzed C.controlled D.explained31.A.heading B.leaving C.repairing D.clearing32.A.originally B.recently C.immediately D.frequently33.A.station B.house C.car D.destination34.A.repay B.encourage C.replace D.entertain35.A.love B.gratefulness C.interest D.determination【答案】21.A22.B