2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語課時(shí)作業(yè)1Unit1GreatscientistsWarmingUpReading含解析新人教版必修5

Unit1Greatscientists課時(shí)作業(yè)1WarmingUp&ReadingⅠ.單詞拼法1．KindnessisoneoftheyoungEnglishteacher'scharacteristics(特征)．2．Ifadoctorcuressomeone'sillness,hemakesthepersonwellagain.3．Don'tjumptotheconclusionbeforeyoumakeacarefulinvestigation.4．Howmanypeopleattended(參與)yoursister'sweddingyesterday?5．Theysuspect/suspected(懷疑)meofhavingahandintheaffair.6．Noonecouldforesee(預(yù)見)one'sownfutureaccurately.7．Ifyouanalyse(分析)something,youconsideritcarefullyorusesomemethodsinordertofullyunderstandit.8．Don'texpose(暴露)yourskintothesunoryouwillbeburnt.9．Waterandsaltareabsorbed(汲取)intoourbloodeveryday.10．Itisdifficulttohandle(操縱)themachine.Ⅱ.選詞填空beexposedto,drawaconclusion,bereadyto,putforward,beabsorbedin,betoblame,link...to,lookinto,everytime,findout1．Iwas_absorbed_inthebooksothatIdidn'thearyoucomein.2．Theideayouput_forwardatthemeetingyesterdayismorepracticalthanhis.3．Thepublicwanttoknowwhois_to_blamefortheaccident.4．Thedoctorexaminedthepatientcarefullyandthendrew_a_conclusion.5．Ifyouare_exposed_toEnglishreadingandlisteningeveryday,youaresuretomakemuchprogressinit.6．Hetookaglanceatthebackofthebooktofind_outtheanswerstothequestions.7．Ifyoubehavesofoolishly,youmustbe_ready_totaketheconsequences.8．Every_timeKobevisitsChina,hereceivesawarmwelcomefromhisChinesefans.9．Issmokinglinked_tolungcancer?10．Thepolicepromisedtolook_intotheaccident.Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Wearesurprisedtoseeyourillnesslinked(link)tothefoodyoueateveryday.2．Attheendoftheirmeeting,itwas_announced(announce)thatanagreementhadbeenreached.3．Exposed(expose)tosomanyadvertisements,wecan'thelpbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingwedon'treallyneed.4．Theriverissopolluted(pollute)thatitisunsafeforswimmingandfishing.5．Bothscatteringandabsorption(absorb)makeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.6．Byanalysing(analyse)thepartsofthesentencewelearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.7．Hewasdeterminedtofindoutthereasonwhycholerawassosevereinthisarea.8．JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.9．Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?10．Aneffectivecureforcancerhasnotyetbeenfound.Ⅳ.課文語法填空J(rèn)ohnSnow,awell－knowndoctorinLondon,became1.inspired(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople2.exposed(expose)tocholera,a3.deadly(die)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeopledied4.whenevertherewasanoutbreakbecausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.Hegotinterestedintwotheories5.explaining(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory6.that/whichsuggestedthatpeople7.absorbed(absorb)thediseasewiththeirmeals.In1854,whenanotheroutbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotest8.thetwotheories.9.Withthehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas10.to_blame(blame).“KingCholera”wasfinallydefeated.閱讀理解AWhataScientistIsLikeIfyouwereaskedtoimagineascientist,whatimagewouldcometoyourmind?Thecommonideathatmostkidsfromkindergartenthroughcollegehaveofascientistisamanwearingawhitelabcoatwithmessyhair,bigglasses,andseveralglasscupsofmysteriouscolourfulliquidsgivingoffcloudsofsmoke.Asforadults,themajorityviewscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospend100hoursaweekslavingawayinalonelylaboratory.However,therealityisquitedifferent.RecentlyI'vehadachancetotakepartinascientificexperiencefarfrommylaboratoryandintoCostaRica.ItsupportsahugeamountofwildlifeduetoitsgeographicalplacementbetweenNorthandSouthAmerica.Itishometomorethan500,000species,whichareatpresentnearly4%ofthetotalspeciesworldwide!Firstweworkedalongsideconservationiststopreservewildlifeataleatherbackturtle(棱皮龜)rescuecentre.Wehelpedthevolunteerspreserveturtlepopulationsbyremovingrubbishfromtheshorelinetocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.AfterthatwestayedatMountDuringmyCostaRicaexperience,Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn'tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight.Ascientistisonewholoveslearningandgettingabetterunderstandingoftheworldfromhelpingpreservewildlife,learningaboutearthquakesorinventingrockets.Ithinkthatschoolsshouldreallystressthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring!人們通常認(rèn)為科學(xué)家成天在試驗(yàn)室做著無聊的試驗(yàn)。作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)驗(yàn)告知人們，科學(xué)家并不是人們通常所認(rèn)為的樣子，以此激勵(lì)孩子們要酷愛科學(xué)，并去探討科學(xué)。1．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,scientistsareoftenbelieved________.A．toworkasslavesB．tobehaveinastrangewayC．tospendtoomuchtimeinlabsD．todoexperimentsinmessylabs答案：C解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的themajorityviewscientistsasstrangepeoplewhospend100hoursaweekslavingawayinalonelylaboratory可知，人們通常認(rèn)為科學(xué)家大多數(shù)時(shí)間都在試驗(yàn)室做試驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。2．Howdidtheauthorhelptopreservetheturtlepopulations?A．Bycreatingasafenestforturtles.B．Bypickinguprubbishfromtheshoreline.C．Bycollectingtheturtleeggsonthebeach.D．Byfindingacomfortableenvironmentforturtles.答案：B解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的Wehelpedthevolunteerspreserveturtlepopulationsbyremovingrubbishfromtheshorelinetocreateasafeenvironmentforturtleeggstocomeout.可知，作者是通過清除海岸上的垃圾來愛護(hù)海龜?shù)笆蛊漤槷?dāng)出殼的方式幫助海龜?shù)摹９蔬xB項(xiàng)。3．Whatdoestheauthorlearnaboutsciencefromhisexperience?A．Scienceisfullofboringexperiments.B．Scienceismorethanworkinginalab.C．Scienceisrelatedtomysteriousliquids.D．Scienceisaboutwildlifeandearthquakes.答案：B解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的Iknowthatbeingascientistdoesn'tmeanworkinginalaballdayandnight可知，作者通過這次經(jīng)驗(yàn)，了解了科學(xué)家并非總是日夜在試驗(yàn)室工作。故選B項(xiàng)。4．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Toencouragekidstostudyscience.B．TotellthestoryoftravellinginCostaRica.C．ToexpectmorepeopletotravelinCostaRica.D．Tosharethesecretsbehindsciencephenomena.答案：A解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的Ithinkthatschoolsshouldreallystressthatscienceissomuchmorethanwearingalabcoatandmixingchemicals.Kidsneedtobeawareoftheexcitementandadventuressciencecanbring！可推知作者寫這篇文章的目的是激勵(lì)孩子們?nèi)W(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)，真正了解科學(xué)。BBabiesteachtheirolderbrothersandsistersempathy(同感),accordingtoanewresearch.Empathymeansunderstandingandenteringothers'feelings.Untilnow,youngerkidshavegenerallybeenregardedtolearnplentyfromtheirolderbrothersorsistersbutdon'tgivebackmuch.Butthisstudy,publishedinChildDevelopmentconfirmsthatyoungersiblings(兄弟姐妹)ensuretheirbigbrothersandsistersdon'tgrowintodisgustingpeople—noeasytask.“Althoughit'sassumedthatoldersiblingsandparentshavetheprimarysocializinginfluencesonyoungersiblings'developmentbutnotviceversa,wefoundthatbothyoungerandoldersiblingspositivelycontributedtoeachother'sempathyovertime，”studyco-authorMarcJambonsaidinastatement.Priorsiblingstudieshavefocusedontheinfluenceofolderbrothersandsisters,probablybecausetheirimpactismostobvious.Asonereviewofliteraturenotes,studieshaveshownthatoldersiblingsinfluenceeverythingfromtheiryoungersiblings'motordevelopmenttotheirriskofsmokinglaterinlife.Andalthoughseparatedstudieshavetriedtopin_downeffectsthatyoungersiblingshaveontheiroldersiblings,theinfluenceofbabybrothersandsistersremainsunclear.Forthisnewstudy,Jambonandhiscolleaguesrecruited(招募)adiversegroupof452Canadiansiblingpairsbetweentheagesof18monthsandfouryears.Atthestartofthestudy,individualresearchersassessedchildren'sbaselineempathylevelsbyvisitingthekidsathomeandthenpretendingtohurtthemselvesorbreakavaluableitem.Eighteenmonthslater,theyfoundsmallbutsignificantincreasesinempathy.Oneunexpectedexception—oldersistersdidnotappeartoexperienceincreasedempathyafter18monthslivingwiththeirlittlebrothers,specifically.Theresearchersaren'tsurewhythisexceptionappeared,andtheyrecommendthatfuturestudiesdiveintomorecomplexphenomena.一項(xiàng)新的探討表明嬰兒教他們的哥哥姐姐有同理心，兄弟姐妹們在一起能以主動(dòng)的方式相互影響，但還有許多問題要進(jìn)一步深化探討才能確定。5．Whathasbeenfoundinthenewresearch?A．Youngkidscouldshowmoresympathyonothers.B．Youngsiblingsknowmoreaboutempathythantheolder.