2024-2025學(xué)年中考英語重難點(diǎn)題型講解訓(xùn)練專題03完形填空之議論文含解析

PAGEPAGE1專題03完形填空之爭(zhēng)論文爭(zhēng)論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表見解或提出主見的說理性文章。爭(zhēng)論文的目的不僅是客觀的說明事物，還力圖勸服讀者信任并接受某一觀點(diǎn)。中考中常見的爭(zhēng)論型完形填空分為兩種，一種是夾敘夾議型完形填空；另一種是純爭(zhēng)論型完形填空。Part1考情分析爭(zhēng)論文是中考完形填空中較難的一種文體，一般由三個(gè)要素組成：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論。要做好爭(zhēng)論文類的完形填空，最重要的是抓住作者的論點(diǎn)。不同的爭(zhēng)論文論點(diǎn)的提出方式往往不同，大體有以下三種狀況：(1)開宗明義地提出論點(diǎn)。有些爭(zhēng)論文在文章的一起先就提出論點(diǎn)，然后再通過詳細(xì)的論據(jù)去論證論點(diǎn)。有時(shí)候既有正面的論據(jù)，也有反面的論據(jù)。最終總結(jié)全文。(2)導(dǎo)入式提出論點(diǎn)。有些爭(zhēng)論文會(huì)先敘述生活中的一件詳細(xì)的事情或描述生活中的現(xiàn)象，然后依據(jù)事情或現(xiàn)象所反映的問題提出自己的論點(diǎn)，最終用詳細(xì)的論據(jù)去論證自己的論點(diǎn)。(3)最終提出論點(diǎn)。在有些爭(zhēng)論文中，一起先作者僅僅是列舉生活中的現(xiàn)象，而不表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。文章通過對(duì)詳細(xì)現(xiàn)象的分析，自然得出一種結(jié)論，這種結(jié)論往往就是作者的論點(diǎn)。對(duì)于純爭(zhēng)論形式的完形填空，要在駕馭全文主旨的狀況下，找出每段的主旨句。找出了每段的主旨句也就把握了文章的脈絡(luò)，這樣理解文意就簡(jiǎn)潔了。Part2解題思路1.首句制勝，論點(diǎn)明確把握首句，這樣就可以快速找到文章所要論證的觀點(diǎn)，進(jìn)而理解全文的主旨大意。英語爭(zhēng)論文中絕大部分首句就是全文的論點(diǎn)，而且通常每段的首句就是主題句(topicsentence)。因此抓住每段的首句是特別重要的。【例1】Howmanytimeshasthishappenedtoyou？You'retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk．Andsomeonetalkingortextingonacellphoneslowsyoudown，orworse，（75）_______you．Whatifwecouldputthesemultitaskers（一心二用的人）intotheirownlane，freeinguphalfofthesidewalkforpedestrians（行人）whoarepayingattention？That'stheideabehindthenewshowMindOverMasses．TheshowcreatedaseparatelaneonaWashington，DCsidewalkforthosewhowantedtolookattheirphones，whiletheotherlanewasfor（76）_______walkers．ItwaspartofabehaviorexperimentbytheNationalGeographicChannelintheUS．However，theexperimentdidn'treallywork（77）_______itcouldhavebecausealotofphoneusersdidn'tnoticethemarkingsatall．"it'snosurprisewalkersdidn'tnoticethelanesbecausetheywere（78）_______lookingattheirphones，"saidYahooCheckingphonesonthegoisjustoneofafewannoyingthingsaboutmodernmobilephoneusage．Belowaresomephoneetiquettes（禮儀）tipsprovidedbytheGuardian．Youshouldreplytomessages．it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtimetoreply，yet（79）_______toupdatetheirstatuses（狀態(tài)）ontheirsocialnetworkingsitesinthemeantime．Youshouldpickaniceringtone．Nooneappreciatesitwhenanannoyingringtonebreaksintowhatthey'redoing.Youshouldnotvisitsomeone'shomeandimmediatelyaskforWi-Fi．Doyouseriouslywanttoclimboverthebackofthecouch，grabtherouter（路由器），andreadtheWi-Fipasswordoffthebackofit？（80）_______gotoyourfriend'shome，drinkandeatwhatyourhostgivesyou，andchatfacetoface．75．A）runsawayB）runsoutofC）runsintoD）runsafter76．A）slowerB）quickerC）morecarefulD）morepatient77．A）aswellasB）assoonasC）asgoodasD）aslongas78．A）tooafraidB）toobusyC）toocarefulD）toodifficult79．A）failsB）succeedsC）managesD）enables80．A）InsteadB）InsteadofC）InadditionD）Inreturn【詳解】75．C考查短語．A）runsaway逃跑；B）runsoutof耗盡；C）runintosb撞到某人身上；D）runsafter追求，追逐．依據(jù)前句you'retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk．Andsomeonetalkingortextingonacellphoneslowsyoudown，orworse，你正試圖穿過擁擠的人行道．而在手機(jī)上閑聊或發(fā)短信會(huì)讓你慢下來．可知更糟糕的是，會(huì)撞到你身上．故選C．76．C考查形容詞．A）slower緩慢的；B）quicker快些的；C）morecareful更細(xì)致，更當(dāng)心；D）morepatient更耐性．依據(jù)前句TheshowcreatedaseparatelaneonaWashington，DCsidewalkforthosewhowantedtolookattheirphones，這個(gè)節(jié)目為那些想看手機(jī)的人在華盛頓特區(qū)的人行道上開拓了一條獨(dú)立的車道．可知而另一條車道則是更當(dāng)心的行人．故選C．77．A考查短語．a(chǎn)s…as表示同…一樣．依據(jù)前后句However，theexperimentdidn'treallywork…itcouldhavebecausealotofphoneusersdidn'tnoticethemarkingsatall．可知然而，這個(gè)試驗(yàn)并沒有達(dá)到它所能達(dá)到的效果，因?yàn)楹芏嗍謾C(jī)用戶根本沒有留意到這些標(biāo)記．a(chǎn)s…as表示同…一樣．結(jié)合本題應(yīng)當(dāng)用well修飾動(dòng)詞work．意為這個(gè)試驗(yàn)并沒有達(dá)到它所能達(dá)到的效果．故選A．78．B考查形容詞．A）tooafraid太膽怯 ；B）toobusy太忙；C）toocareful太細(xì)致；D）toodifficult太困難．依據(jù)前句"it'snosurprisewalkersdidn'tnoticethelanes步行者沒有留意到車道，這并不驚奇．可知因?yàn)樗麄兠χ词謾C(jī)．故選B．79．A考查動(dòng)詞．A）fails失?。籅）succeeds勝利；C）manages管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)；D）enables使能夠．依據(jù)前句it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtimetoreply，可知給一個(gè)須要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間回復(fù)的摯友發(fā)短信是特別令人懊喪的，但同時(shí)也沒有在社交網(wǎng)站上更新他們的狀態(tài)．故選A．80．A考查副詞．A）Instead代替，常位于句尾或句首，表示"代替"、"反而、卻"的意思；B）Insteadof代替，是短語介詞，意思是"代替"、"而不是"．它后面一般接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或介詞短語作它的賓語；C）Inaddition另外；D）Inreturn回報(bào)．依據(jù)前句Doyouseriouslywanttoclimboverthebackofthecouch，grabtherouter（路由器），andreadtheWi﹣Fipasswordoffthebackofit？你真的想爬到沙發(fā)后面，拿上路由器，然后從后面讀取Wi﹣Fi密碼嗎？可知相反，去你摯友的家里喝酒，吃主子供應(yīng)應(yīng)你的東西，然后面對(duì)面地閑聊．故選A．2.結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，脈絡(luò)有序爭(zhēng)論型完形填空的三要素：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。它們一般有序地支配在引子、正文、結(jié)論這一爭(zhēng)論文的一般結(jié)構(gòu)中。能說明論據(jù)主要內(nèi)容的答案，可以在論點(diǎn)里得到印證，而論點(diǎn)的答案也可以與論據(jù)結(jié)合起來，這樣論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)形成一體，相互印證。有時(shí)作者為了使文章脈絡(luò)清晰，邏輯流暢，都會(huì)運(yùn)用一些連接詞。如：onthecontrary,allinall,inshort,generally,worsestill,ontheotherhand,inconclusion,asaconsequence,hence,also,personally,furthermore,definitely,surely,undoubtedly,obviously,additionally,besides,likewise,forthesakeof,firstl等。3.按確定的方法論證爭(zhēng)論型完形填空都是按確定的論證方法來論證的。常用的論證方法有：歸納法(分析個(gè)別事物，達(dá)到共同點(diǎn)，得出結(jié)論)；推理法(從原理動(dòng)身，個(gè)別分析說明，得出結(jié)論)；比照法(正反比照，分析說明，得出結(jié)論)；駁論法(闡述錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，逐條批駁，闡明觀點(diǎn))?！纠?】Friendsareveryimportantinoureverydaylife．Everyoneneedsfriends．Weallliketofeelclosetosomeone．（1）_______isnicetohaveafriendtotalk，laugh，anddothingswith．Certainly，sometimesweneedtobealone．Wedon'talwayswantpeople（2）_______．Butwewouldfeellonelyifwe（3）_______hadafriend．Notwopeoplearejustthesame．Friends（4）_______don'tgetonwell．Thatdoesn'tmeanthattheynolongerlikeeachother．Mostofthetimetheywillmakeup（言歸于好）andbecome（5）_______again．Sometimesfriendsmoveaway．Thenwefeelvery（6）_______．Wemissthemverymuch，butwecan（7）_______themandwritetothem．Andwecan（8）_______newfriends．Itisencouragingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem．There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends．Theylive（9）_______thanpeoplewhodon't．Why？Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy．（10）_______happyhelpsyoustaywell．Oritcouldbemuchbetterthatsomeonecares．Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou，youtakebettercareofyourself．（1）A．ItB．HeC．ThereD．Someone（2）A．a(chǎn)loneB．a(chǎn)wayC．a(chǎn)lloverD．a(chǎn)round（3）A．everB．neverC．justD．really（4）A．a(chǎn)lwaysB．sometimesC．oftenD．usually（5）A．sistersB．cousinsC．classmatesD．friends（6）A．a(chǎn)ngryB．sadC．happyD．a(chǎn)lone（7）A．callB．a(chǎn)skC．tellD．talk（8）A．lookforB．findC．makeD．know（9）A．longerB．shorterC．slowerD．faster（10）A．SmellingB．BeingC．SoundingD．Making【詳解】1．A：考查代詞及語境的理解．句意：有一個(gè)摯友可以談話、一起笑、一起做事情是特別好的．這句話中運(yùn)用的句型是Itis+形容詞+todosth．做某事是…的．在這個(gè)句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式．故應(yīng)選A，其他的代詞都不能做形式主語．2．D：考查副詞及語境的理解．句意：我們不想讓人們?cè)谒闹埽產(chǎn)lone一個(gè)人，獨(dú)自；away離開；allover遍及；around在四周．依據(jù)上一句話sometimesweneedtobealone的意思可知，有時(shí)候我們也須要一個(gè)人呆著，不想讓別人在我們的四周．故選D．3．B：考查副詞及語境的理解．句意：但是假如我們從沒有過摯友，我們就會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)．ever曾經(jīng)；never從不；just僅僅，只；really真的．依據(jù)句意可知Butwewouldfeellonelyifwe（3）hadafriend，有時(shí)候我們須要一個(gè)人呆著，但是假如從來就沒有過摯友的話，就會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)．故選B．4．B：考查副詞及語境的理解．句意：摯友之間有時(shí)候也相處不好．a(chǎn)lways總是；sometimes有時(shí)候；often常常；usually通常．摯友之間因?yàn)樘匦缘牟煌?，有時(shí)候也會(huì)相處不好don'tgetonwell，而不是總是、通?；虺３＃蔬xB．5．D：考查名詞及語境的理解．句意：大多數(shù)時(shí)候，他們會(huì)言歸于好好，在重新成為摯友．sisters姐妹；cousins表姐妹；classmates同學(xué)；friends摯友．依據(jù)這一段的意思Mostofthetimetheywillmakeup（言歸于好）andbecome（5）again．可知，摯友之間也要發(fā)生沖突的時(shí)候，但是他們最終還會(huì)言歸于好，再次成為摯友．故選D．6．B：考查形容詞及語境的理解．句意：有時(shí)候，摯友可能搬走了，于是我們就會(huì)感到難過．a(chǎn)ngry生氣的；sad難過的；happy歡樂的；alone獨(dú)自，一個(gè)人．依據(jù)前一句話的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmoveaway，摯友假如搬走了的話，我們會(huì)感到難過．故選B．7．A：考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解．句意：我們會(huì)特別的惦念他們，但是我們可以給他們打電話或?qū)懶牛甤all打電話；ask問；tell告知；talkwith和某人談話．依據(jù)上文的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmoveaway，Wemissthemverymuch假如摯友搬走了，我們可以給他們打電話或?qū)懶牛麄儽３致?lián)系．故選A．8．C：考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解．句意：我們也可以交新?lián)从眩甽ookfor找尋；find找到，發(fā)覺；make制作，這里是makefriends交摯友；know知道．依據(jù)newfriends的意思可知，假如原來的摯友搬走了，我們還可以交新?lián)从眩蕬?yīng)當(dāng)用make．9．A：考查形容詞及語境的理解．句意：有摯友的人比沒有摯友的人活得更長(zhǎng)．longer更長(zhǎng)；shorter更短；slower更慢；faster更快．依據(jù)句意及下文There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends．Theylive（9）thanpeoplewhodon't．Why？Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy可知，有摯友的人比沒有摯友的人活得更長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗麄兏鼩g樂，這樣身體就會(huì)更健康．故選A．10．B：考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解．句意：摯友可以使我們歡樂，歡樂就可以幫助你保持身體健康．smelling的原形是smell，意思是聞，聞起來；sounding的原形是sound，意思是聽起來；making的原形是make，意思是使，制作；空后的happy是一個(gè)形容詞，故用being，beinghappy是一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞形式在句中做主語．故選B．精講精練【例題1】Atnight，youfallasleepwhilelisteningtobeautifulmusic．Inthemorning，youare（1）_____upbythesingingofbirdsoutside．Youcanenjoyallofthesethingsbecauseofoneimportantorgan（器官）﹣theears．March3isEarCareDay．Ithelpsusrememberthe（2）_____ofourearsandencouragesustotakegoodcareofthem．Youmaywonder：howdotheears（3）_____？Theearhasthreedifferentparts：theouterear，themiddleear，andtheinnerear．Theouterearisthepartyoucansee．Itcollects（4）_____aroundyou．Thesoundthentravelsdowntothemiddleear，theinnerearandthentoyourbrain．Yourearsneverstopworking，even（5）_____youareasleep!That'swhyyoumaysometimeswakeupsuddenlyinthemiddleofthenight﹣yourbrain（6）_____something，butyoudon'tknowwhatitwas，sinceyouwereasleep．Butearsdomorethanhear．Theyhelpyoukeepyourbalance，too．Intheinnerear，thereareorgansthatarefilled（7）_____liquid（液體）andcoveredinsmallhairs．Whenyoumoveyourhead，theliquidandhairsmove，too．Theysend（8）_____toyourbrainaboutthepositionofyourhead．Moresurprisingly，earsevenhelpwith（9）_____food．Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears，youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes，accordingtothewebsiteofPeople'sDaily．Theearsare（10）_____importantorgans．Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownearsaswellastheycan．1．A．takenB．cheeredC．wokenD．dressed2．A．sizeB．importanceC．differenceD．shape3．A．moveB．tasteC．smellD．work4．A．a(chǎn)irB．lightC．soundD．heat5．A．whenB．beforeC．untilD．since6．A．noticedB．heardC．sawD．watched7．A．ofB．withC．byD．in8．A．messagesB．newsC．picturesD．signs9．A．touchingB．feelingC．tastingD．eating10．A．quicklyB．slowlyC．freelyD．truly【答案】CBDCABBACD【解析】1．C考查動(dòng)詞，A．taken帶走B．cheered歡呼C．woken醒來的D．dressed裝扮，依據(jù)Inthemorning，結(jié)合后文bythesingingofbirdsoutside，可知是指在早晨被外面的鳥叫聲吵醒，故選C．2．B考查名詞，A．size尺寸B．importance重要性C．difference不同D．shape形態(tài)，依據(jù)encouragesustotakegoodcareofthem激勵(lì)我們好好照看耳朵，可知耳朵是很重要的，故選B．3．D考查動(dòng)詞，A．move移動(dòng)B．taste嘗起來C．smell聞起來D．work工作，依據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容，可知描述的是耳朵的工作原理，所以此處是指耳朵是"如何"工作的，故選D．4．C考查名詞，A．a(chǎn)ir空氣B．light光C．sound聲音D．heat熱度，依據(jù)后文Thesoundthentravelsdowntothemiddleear然后聲音會(huì)傳播到中耳，可知外耳廓的作用是收集四周的聲音，故選C．5．A考查連詞，A．when當(dāng)…時(shí)B．before在…之前C．until直到D．since自從，依據(jù)Yourearsneverstopworking，even…youareasleep，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推出句意：你的耳朵始終在工作，甚至在你睡覺的時(shí)候，故選A．6．B考查動(dòng)詞，A．noticed留意到B．heard聽到C．saw看到D．watched觀看，依據(jù)上一句Yourearsneverstopworking，even（5）Ayouareasleep!可知說的是耳朵在睡眠狀態(tài)下也在工作，所以睡著的時(shí)候可以"聽到"聲音，故選B．7．B考查介詞，A．of…的B．with和…一起C．by被D．in在里面，依據(jù)arefilled…liquid，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知考查短語befilledwith被…充溢，故選B．8．A考查名詞，A．messages信息B．news新聞C．pictures圖片D．signs標(biāo)記，依據(jù)toyourbrain，可知大腦接受身體傳輸?shù)男畔ⅲ蔬xA．9．C考查動(dòng)詞A．touching觸覺B．feeling感覺C．tasting品嘗D．eating吃，依據(jù)后文Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears，youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes，假如你的耳朵出了問題，你可能很難辨別出不同的味道，推出耳朵還有幫助品嘗味道的功能．故選C．10．D考查副詞，A．quickly快速地B．slowly漸漸地C．freely自由地D．truly真實(shí)地，依據(jù)Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownearsaswellastheycan．每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量愛護(hù)自己的耳朵．推出耳朵的確很重要，故選D．【練習(xí)1】Dopeopleindifferentcountrieshavethesameideaofnumbers？TheunluckynumberforChinesepeopleisusually4becauseitsoundslike（1）______word"death".14is（2）______than4becauseofitssoundtoo．Onthecontrary，9isa（3）______numberforChinese．Itmeans"long"and"longlife".8isas（4）______as18fortheysoundlike"rich"and"certainrich"．I（5）______inEuropeforalongtime，andIfindthatinmanywesterncountriespeopledon'tlikethenumber13．（6）______tookmeyearstolookforthereason．Tilloneofmyforeignfriendstoldmethatthere（7）______13peopleattheLastSupperwithJesusChristandthenhewaskilled．That's（8）______itisanunluckynumber．Theytrynot（9）______thisnumberinmanyways．Forexample，（10）______yougointoalift，youwillnotseethenumber13init．Manypeople（11）______believeFridaythethirteenthisaveryunluckyday．Itisusually（12）______FridayinNovember．Theyareverycareful（13）______thatdaysuchasdrivingslowly．Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike（14）______numbers．However，we（15）______takeitseriously．Aslongasthenumberisuseful，itisagoodnumber．1．A．a(chǎn)B．a(chǎn)nC．theD．/2．A．badB．badlyC．worseD．theworst3．A．luckB．luckyC．luckilyD．luckiness4．A．goodB．wellC．betterD．thebest5．A．studyB．studiedC．willstudyD．havestudied6．A．ThisB．ItC．ThatD．They7．A．isB．wasC．a(chǎn)reD．were8．A．whenB．howC．whyD．what9．A．useB．usedC．usingD．touse10．A．ifB．becauseC．thoughD．unless11．A．everB．neverC．a(chǎn)lsoD．a(chǎn)lready12．A．fourB．thefourC．fourthD．thefourth13．A．onB．a(chǎn)tC．inD．with14．A．a(chǎn)nyB．someC．eachD．every15．A．couldn'tB．shouldn'tC．mustn'tD．wouldn't．【答案】CCBADBDCDACDABB【解析】1．C考查冠詞．a(chǎn)和an是不定冠詞，以元音音素開頭的單詞前用an，以輔音音素開頭的單詞前用a．the是定冠詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)．依據(jù)句意是特指單詞death，所以選擇C．2．C考查比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)．bad壞的，原型，比較級(jí)是worse，最高級(jí)是worst．badly是副詞，壞的，原型；依據(jù)后面的than可知要用比較級(jí)，故選擇C．3．B考查形容詞．luck幸運(yùn)，是名詞．它的形容詞是lucky幸運(yùn)的，副詞是luckily幸運(yùn)地，luckiness幸運(yùn)，好運(yùn)，依據(jù)后面number是名詞，要用形容詞，故選擇B．4．A考查形容詞或副詞原級(jí)．A好；形容詞；B好；副詞；C比較級(jí)，D最高級(jí)；依據(jù)as…as中要有原型，同時(shí)本題要用形容詞作is的表語，故選擇A．5．D考查動(dòng)詞．A原型；B過去式；C將來時(shí)，D完成時(shí)；依據(jù)后面foralongtime一段時(shí)間要用完成時(shí)，故選擇D．6．B考查代詞；依據(jù)后面took要用it作主語，固定用法，故選擇B．7．D考查系動(dòng)詞．依據(jù)前面told可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，therebe句型，后面13people是復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以要用are的過去式were，故選擇D．8．C考查疑問詞．A當(dāng)..時(shí)；B怎樣；C為什么、D什么；依據(jù)上面That's（8）itisanunluckynumber這里是說明了為什么13不是吉利數(shù)字，故選擇C．9．D考查動(dòng)詞．依據(jù)題干，考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)trynottodosth試著別做某事，故選擇D．10．A考查連詞；A假如；B因?yàn)椋籆雖然；D除非；依據(jù)yougointoalift，youwillnotseethenumber13init你進(jìn)入電梯，你將看不到13，應(yīng)當(dāng)是假設(shè)，故選擇A．11．C考查副詞．A曾經(jīng)；B從不；C也；D已經(jīng)；依據(jù)Manypeople（11）believeFridaythethirteenthisaveryunluckyday．很多人（11）認(rèn)為第十三個(gè)星期五，應(yīng)當(dāng)也是特別不吉利的一天，故選擇C．12．D考查序數(shù)詞．A4；B4；C第四；D第四；依據(jù)FridayinNovember應(yīng)當(dāng)是11月的第四個(gè)星期五，要用序數(shù)詞，前面要加the，故選擇D．13．A考查介詞．依據(jù)后面thatday詳細(xì)的某一天要用介詞on，故選擇A．14．B考查形容詞．依據(jù)后面numbers是復(fù)數(shù)形式，先解除C、D．A用于否定句或疑問句，B用于確定句，本句Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike（14）numbers．是確定句，故選擇B．15．B考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞．A不能；B不應(yīng)當(dāng)；C不必，表禁止；D不會(huì)；依據(jù)后面Aslongasthenumberisuseful，itisagoodnumber．只要這個(gè)數(shù)字有用，它就是個(gè)好數(shù)字，這里takeitseriously，應(yīng)當(dāng)是不應(yīng)當(dāng)當(dāng)真，故選擇B．【例題2】"Friendsaretreasureinourlives"，asthesayinggoes．Itmeansthatfriendsarereallyimportantforus．IrememberwhenIwasgrowingup，mymomalways（46）_______，"Halfthefunofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers．"It'strue.Friendsmake（47）_______enjoythetasteofoursuccessandjoyandcomfortusinourchallengingmoments．Theyprovideamirrorforusto（48）_______moreaboutourselves．Ihavealwayslookedonfriendsasfamily（49）_______．Theyenrichourlives．Asafamouswritersaid，"Afriendisapresentwhichyougive（50）_______．"Tobeagoodfriend，it'simportanttobeagoodlistener．Listento（51）_______yourfriendsaysfirstratherthanmakingaconclusionquickly．Sometimesitis（52）_______torepeattheirwordsbacktothem．Itcanhelpthemrealizewhethertheirwordsarewhattheywanttosay．Patienceisanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend，（53）_______．Youknowtheoldgoldenrule"Careforothers（54）_______thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou．"Thesupportofafriendduringadifficulttimecanmakeadifferencebetweensuccess（55）_______failure．46．A．saidB．toldC．talkedD．spoke47．A．usB．meC．herD．them48．A．changeB．teachC．fightD．learn49．A．friendsB．childrenC．membersD．enemies50．A．herselfB．yourselfC．himselfD．myself51．A．whatB．thatC．howD．whose52．A．boringB．specialC．beautifulD．useful53．A．neverB．eitherC．tooD．a(chǎn)lso54．A．ofB．byC．forD．in55．A．butB．soC．a(chǎn)ndD．or【答案】AADCBADCBC【解析】46．A考查動(dòng)詞．依據(jù)后句Halfthefunofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers做任何事的一半樂趣就是和別人共享．這是我媽媽總是對(duì)我說的，可知強(qiáng)調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．說．表示說的內(nèi)容；B．告知，C．說話，D．講某種語言．即我的媽媽總是說，故選A．47．A考查代詞．依據(jù)后句comfortus勸慰我們，這與make是并列關(guān)系，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．我們．B．我，C．她，D．他們．即這是真的．摯友讓我們?cè)诔湟缣魬?zhàn)的時(shí)刻享受勝利和歡樂的味道．故選A．48．D考查動(dòng)詞．依據(jù)前句Theyprovideamirror他們供應(yīng)了一面鏡子，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．變更；B．教；C．打架；D．學(xué)習(xí)．可知推想意思是他們?yōu)槲覀児?yīng)了一面鏡子，讓我們更多的了解自己，即用動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的，故選D．49．C考查固定短語．依據(jù)后句Theyenrichourlives摯友豐富了我們的生活，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．摯友；B．兒童；C．成員；D．?dāng)橙耍芍葡胍馑际俏铱偸前褤从芽醋魇俏业募彝コ蓡T，故選C．50．B考查代詞．依據(jù)前句Afriendisapresentwhichyougive，這里用的是you你，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．她自己，B．你自己．C．他自己，D．我自己．可知推想意思是摯友是你贈(zèng)送給自己的禮物，故選B．51．A考查關(guān)系詞．依據(jù)后句yourfriendsays，這里缺少說的賓語，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．什么．B．那，C．怎樣，如何，D．誰的．可知推想意思是即首先要傾聽你的摯友所說的，故選A．52．D考查形容詞．依據(jù)前后句Sometimesitis…torepeattheirwordsbacktothem．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．無聊的；B．特別的；C．美麗的；D．有幫助的．可知應(yīng)說有時(shí)把他們的話重復(fù)一遍是很有用的．故選D．53．C考查副詞．依據(jù)前句Patience（耐性）isanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．從不，B．也，表示否定意義，C．也．D．也，通常放在句中．可知推想意思是耐性也很重要，這里放在了句子的結(jié)尾，且表達(dá)確定的意思，故選C．54．B考查固定短語．依據(jù)前后句Careforothers…thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．…的；B．通過；C．為了；D．在…里．可知推想意思是以你希望他們關(guān)切你的方式照看他人，bytheway通過這種方式，故選B．55．C考查固定短語．依據(jù)前句betweensuccess，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A．但，B．因此，C．和．D．或者．可知推想意思是在困難時(shí)刻摯友的支持能夠?qū)倮褪‘a(chǎn)生很多的影響，即固定短語between…and…，故選C．【練習(xí)2】Haveyouseenthecartoonsoftwopenguins（企鵝）ontheInternet？Theysitoneithersideofasmall（16）_______．Theyarefriends，buteachdoessomethingselfish（自私的）which（17）_______theirfriend"ship"tosink（沉沒）．Thecartoonshavebecomevery（18）_______．Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendshipandsometimes（19）_______theymaylosetheirfriends．Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappyand（20）_______momentswith．Afriendissomeonetotalktoaboutyourdeepestfeelings．Andwithagoodfriendyouwillneverbealone．However，keepingfriendshipisn'talways（21）_______.Thekeyto（22）_______yourfriend"ship"fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings：sharing，caringandcommunicating．Goodfriendsliketoshareeverythingwitheachother．Theysharetheirsnacks，theysharetheir（23）_______aboutschoolwork，sometimestheyevensharetheirclothes!Andgoodfriendsalsocareabouteachother．Theydo（24）_______theycantomaketheirfriendshappy．Butthemostimportantpartoffriendshipiscommunicating．Communicatingmeanstalkingtoyourfriendsandbeinghonestwiththem．Italsomeansthatyoukeepintouchwithyourfriendseventhoughtheymaybein（25）_______schoolsorlivefaraway．Withoutcommunication，itissuretosendyourfriend"ship"tosinkintothesea．16．A．houseB．chairC．boatD．cave17．A．causesB．findsC．catchesD．sends18．A．importantB．interestingC．colourfulD．popular19．A．thinkB．worryC．speakD．wake20．A．joyfulB．meaningfulC．a(chǎn)ngryD．sad21．A．easyB．difficultC．seriousD．helpful22．A．runningB．walkingC．stayingD．keeping23．A．moneyB．foodC．toysD．knowledge24．A．whoeverB．wheneverC．whateverD．whenever25．A．thesameB．differentC．expensiveD．cheap【答案】CADBDADDCB【解析】16C考查名詞：依據(jù)theirfriend"ship"tosink，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是它們坐在一艘小船的兩邊．故選C．17A考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)theirfriend"ship"tosink，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是他們是摯友，但是每個(gè)企鵝都做了自私的事情讓友情消逝．故選A．18D考查形容詞：依據(jù)Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendship，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是這個(gè)動(dòng)畫已經(jīng)很流行．它展示了人們有多么的珍惜友情，故選D．19B考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)theymaylosetheirfriends，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是有時(shí)候會(huì)擔(dān)憂他們會(huì)失去摯友．故選B．20D考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappyand，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是摯友是一位你能共享歡樂分擔(dān)苦痛的人．故選D．21A考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)However，keepingfriendshipisn'talways，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是然而，維持友情不是始終很簡(jiǎn)潔．故選A．22D考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)yourfriend"ship"fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是愛護(hù)你友情之船不會(huì)沉沒的秘訣歸結(jié)于三件簡(jiǎn)潔的事情：共享，關(guān)切和溝通．考查短語keep…from，故選D．23D考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)aboutschoolwork，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是好的摯友喜愛彼此共享一切．他們共享他們的零食，學(xué)業(yè)學(xué)問，有時(shí)候他們甚至共享衣服．故選D．24C考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)theycan，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是他們會(huì)做他們能做的一切去讓自己的摯友快樂．這里用whatever充當(dāng)do的賓語，故選C．25B考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)eventhoughtheymaybein（25）schoolsorlivefaraway．結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是也意味著即使或許在不同的學(xué)?；蛘咦〉暮苓h(yuǎn)也要和你的摯友保持聯(lián)系．故選B．【例題3】"Thankyou"iswidely（41）_______inamodernsociety．Itisaverygood（42）_______．Youshouldsay"Thankyou"（43）_______othershelpyouorsay（44）_______kindtoyou．Forexample，whensomeone（45）_______thedoorforyou，whensomeonesaysyouhavedoneyourworkwell，whensomeonesaysyouhave（46）_______aniceshirt，oryourcityisverybeautiful，youshouldsay"Thankyou"．Itisusednotonlybetweenfriends，（47）_______betweenparentsandchildren，（48）_______andsisters，husbandsandwives．"Excuseme"is（49）_______shortpoliteusage．Weuseitthe（50）_______as"Thankyou"．Whenyouhearsomeonesayssobehindyou，you'llgettoknowthatsomebodywantstowalkpast（51）_______touchingyou．Itisnotpolitetointerrupt（打斷）otherswhiletheyare（52）_______．Ifyouwanttohaveawordwithoneofthem，pleasesay"Excuseme"（53）_______，andthenbegintotalk．Youshouldalsodo（54）_______whenyouwanttocoughormakeanyunpleasantnoisebeforeothers．Let'ssay"Thankyou"and"Excuseme"（55）_______therightsituation．41．A．usedB．toldC．a(chǎn)ctedD．taught42．A．voiceB．soundC．mannerD．reason43．A．whereverB．wheneverC．whoeverD．whatever44．A．nothingB．everybodyC．a(chǎn)nybodyD．something45．A．closesB．opensC．losesD．shakes46．A．hiddenB．soldC．boughtD．worn47．A．butB．a(chǎn)ndC．soD．yet48．A．cousinsB．brothersC．parentsD．grandparents49．A．othersB．otherC．a(chǎn)notherD．theother50．A．partB．suchC．commonD．same51．A．withoutB．withC．withinD．while52．A．runningB．talkingC．sleepingD．walking53．A．thenB．secondC．firstD．next54．A．thisB．thatC．itD．so55．A．onB．toC．inD．a(chǎn)t【答案】ACBDBCABCDABCDA【解析】41題答案：A考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A運(yùn)用；B告知；C表演；D教；依據(jù)Thankyou"iswidely（41）inamodernsociety感謝你應(yīng)當(dāng)是被廣泛應(yīng)用于社會(huì)中，故答案是A．42題答案：C考查名詞辨析．A聲音；B聲音；C行為；D緣由；依據(jù)前面Thankyou"iswidely（41）inamodernsociety感謝你應(yīng)當(dāng)是被廣泛應(yīng)用于社會(huì)中這個(gè)應(yīng)當(dāng)是禮貌對(duì)的行為，故答案是C．43題答案：B考查連詞辨析．A無論何地；B無論什么時(shí)候；C無論是誰；D無論什么；依據(jù)Youshouldsay"Thankyou"（43）othershelpyou你應(yīng)當(dāng)說感謝，后面其他人幫助你，應(yīng)當(dāng)是無論什么時(shí)候，故答案是B．44題答案：D考查代詞辨析．A沒什么；B每個(gè)人；C任何人，用于否定句或一般疑問句；D某些事情；依據(jù)say（44）kindtoyou應(yīng)當(dāng)說你一些好話，故答案是D．45題答案：B考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A關(guān)；B開；C丟失；D搖；依據(jù)whensomeone（45）thedoorforyou應(yīng)當(dāng)是為你開門，故答案是B．46題答案：C考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A隱藏；B賣；C買；D穿；依據(jù)whensomeonesaysyouhave（46）aniceshirt應(yīng)當(dāng)是你買了一件美麗的襯衫，故答案是C．47題答案：A考查連詞辨析．A但是；B和；C所以；D也，還；仍舊；依據(jù)題干notonly…butalso（also可以省略）是關(guān)聯(lián)詞語，意思是：不但…而且…是固定短語，故答案是A．48題答案：B考查名詞辨析．A表兄弟姐妹；B兄弟；C父母；D祖父母；依據(jù)parentsandchildren，（48）andsisters，husbandsandwives．父母和孩子，丈夫和妻子，空中應(yīng)當(dāng)是兄弟和姐妹，故答案是B．49題答案：C考查代詞辨析．A其它的，相當(dāng)于代詞和名詞；B其它的，后面要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)；C另一個(gè)，三個(gè)以上的另一個(gè)；D兩者中的另一個(gè)；依據(jù)"Excuseme"is（49）shortpoliteusage"對(duì)不起"是另一種客氣的用法．很多中的另一個(gè)，故答案是C．50題答案：D考查形容詞辨析．A部分；B例如；C一般的；D相同的；依據(jù)Weuseitthe（50）as"Thankyou"，應(yīng)當(dāng)是固定短語thesameas和…一樣，故答案是D．51題答案：A考查介詞辨析．A沒有；B和..；C在內(nèi)部；D在…期間；依據(jù)Whenyouhearsomeonesayssobehindyou，you'llgettoknowthatsomebodywantstowalkpast（51）touchingyou．當(dāng)你聽到有人你身后說，你會(huì)知道有人想走過去，應(yīng)當(dāng)是不觸摸你，故答案是A．52題答案：B考查動(dòng)詞辨析．A跑；B說話；C睡覺；D走路；依據(jù)Itisnotpolitetointerrupt（打斷）others打斷別人…是不禮貌的．應(yīng)當(dāng)是睡覺，故答案是B．53題答案：C考查序數(shù)詞辨析．A然后；B其次；C首先；D接下來；依據(jù)Ifyouwanttohaveawordwithoneofthem，pleasesay"Excuseme"果你想和其中一個(gè)人說一句話，和前面的例子，請(qǐng)先說"對(duì)不起"，故答案是C．54題答案：D考查代詞辨析．A這個(gè)；B那個(gè)：C它；D如此，這樣；依據(jù)后面whenyouwanttocoughormakeanyunpleasantnoisebeforeothers當(dāng)你想在別人面前咳嗽或發(fā)出不開心的聲音時(shí)，你也應(yīng)當(dāng)這樣做，故答案是D．55題答案：A考查介詞辨析．依據(jù)題干，ontherigntsituation在正確的狀況下是固定用法，故答案是A．【練習(xí)3】DoyouknowOneBelt，OneRoad？WealsocallittheModernSilkRoad．AndZhangQianwasanearlytraveleroftheAncientSilkRoad．Hewasprobablythefirst（1）_______tobringbackgoodinformationaboutthecentralAsianlandstoChina．In138BC，HanWudisentZhangQiantotheYue-chipeopletoaskfortheir（2）_______againsttheXiongnuwhoofteninfringed（侵?jǐn)_）them．（3）_______，onthewaytotheWesternRegions，hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople．Zhanghadtostaywiththem（4）_______about10yearsbeforehegotaway．WhenZhangfinaly（5）_______theYue-chiintheNorthIndia，hewas（6）_______tofindthattheydidn'twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople．On（7）_______returnjourney，ZhangQianandhismenwere（8）_______again．Itwasnotuntil125BCthattheyreturnedtoChina．（9）_______Zhangdidn'tfinishhisjob，helearnedalotabouttheplaces，people，customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms（王國(guó)）intheWesternRegions．LaterHanWudisentZhangtotheWestagain．Zhang'sjourneytotheWesthelped（10）_______internationaltrade，especiallyinsilk，betweenChinaandtheWest．That'stheAncientSilkRoad．1．A．menB．man'sC．manD．men's2．A．questionB．helpC．knowledgeD．a(chǎn)nswer3．A．HappilyB．ExcitedlyC．LuckilyD．Unfortunately4．A．forB．sinceC．a(chǎn)tD．in5．A．a(chǎn)rrivedB．reachedC．gotD．liked6．A．comfortableB．disappointedC．excitedD．enjoyable7．A．himB．heC．hisD．himself8．A．caughtB．madeC．servedD．heard9．A．ButB．AsC．BecauseD．Although10．A．useB．getC．developD．see【答案】CBDABBCADC【解析】1．C考查名詞，A．men男人B．man's男人的C．man男人D．men's男人的，依據(jù)Hewasprobablythefirst，主語he是單數(shù)，故解除AD，考查句型thefirstmantodosth第一個(gè)做某事的人，故選C．2．B考查名詞，A．question問題B．help幫助C．knowledge學(xué)問D．a(chǎn)nswer回答，依據(jù)againsttheXiongnuwhoofteninfringed（侵?jǐn)_）them，可知是為了對(duì)抗匈奴，所以派張騫去尋求幫助，故選B．3．D考查副詞，A．Happily快樂地B．Excitedly激烈地C．Luckily幸運(yùn)地D．Unfortunately不幸地，依據(jù)onthewaytotheWesternRegions，hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople．路張騫在路上被匈奴人抓住，這是不幸的事情，故選D．4．A考查介詞，A．for為了B．since自從C．a(chǎn)t在…D．in在里面，依據(jù)about10years，這是時(shí)間段，for引導(dǎo)時(shí)間段，故選A．5．B考查動(dòng)詞，A．a(chǎn)rrived到達(dá)B．reached到達(dá)C．got到達(dá)D．liked喜愛，依據(jù)WhenZhangfinaly…theYue﹣chi，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推出句意：當(dāng)張騫到達(dá)Yue﹣chi，arrive后接in/at；get要接to，reach是及物動(dòng)詞，后面不用介詞，故選B．6．B考查形容詞，A．comfortable舒適的B．disappointed悲觀的C．excited激烈的D．enjoyable享受的，依據(jù)tofindthattheydidn'twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople．可知張騫發(fā)覺他們并不情愿對(duì)抗匈奴，所以感到悲觀，故選B．7．C考查代詞，A．him他，賓格B．he他，主格C．his他的D．himself他自己，依據(jù)On…returnjourney，在他的回去的旅途中，故選C．8．A考查動(dòng)詞，A．caught抓住B．made制造C．served服務(wù)D．heard聽到，依據(jù)again，可知他再次被抓住，故選A．9．D考查連詞，A．But但是B．As作為C．Because因?yàn)镈．Although雖然，依據(jù)Zhangdidn'tfinishhisjob，helearnedalotabouttheplaces，people，customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms（王國(guó)）intheWesternRegions．可知考查句型：although…的用法，表示"雖然…但是…"，結(jié)合句意"雖然張騫沒有完成他的使命，但是他了解到了西部地區(qū)36個(gè)王國(guó)的文化和風(fēng)土人情"，故選D．10．C考查動(dòng)詞，A．use運(yùn)用B．get得到C．develop發(fā)展D．see看到，依據(jù)Zhang'sjourneytotheWesthelped…internationaltrade，張騫的西域之行幫助發(fā)展了國(guó)際貿(mào)易，故選C．課后作業(yè)Richorpoor，youngorold，weallhaveproblems．Wecaneasilybecomeunhappy（31）______wesolveourproblems．（32）______aboutourproblemscanaffecthowwedothingsatschoolorathome．Sohowdowedealwithourproblems？Mostofushaveprobablybeenangry（33）______ourfriends，parentsorteachers．Perhapstheysaidsomethingyoudidn'tlike，oryoufelttheywereunfair.Sometimes，peoplecanstayangryforyearsaboutasmallproblem．Timegoesby，andgoodfriendshipsmay（34）______．Whenweareangry，however，weareusuallytheonesaffected．Haveyoueverseenyoungchildrenplayingtogether？Buttheyfightverysoon，anddecidenottotalktoeachother．However，thisusuallydoesn't（35）______forlong．Theybecomegoodfriendsagain．Thisisanimportant（36）______forus：wecansolveaproblembylearningtoforget．Manystudentsoftencomplainaboutschool．Theymightfeeltheyhavetoomuchworktodosometimes，orthinktherulesaretoo（37）______．Wemustlearnhowtochangethese"problems"into"challenges"（挑戰(zhàn)）．Asyoungadults，itisourduty（38）______ourbesttodealwitheachchallengewiththehelpofourteachers．Bycomparingyourselftootherpeople，youwillfindyourproblemsarenotso（39）______．ThinkaboutStephenHawking，forexample，