【高三暑假自學(xué)課】第07講 名詞性從句和定語(yǔ)從句 原卷版

2023年新高三英語(yǔ)【暑假自學(xué)課】（課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷）第07講名詞性從句和定語(yǔ)從句原卷版1.掌握名詞性從句連接詞的基本用法。2.掌握名詞性從句時(shí)態(tài)照應(yīng)的基本用法。3.掌握定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞的基本用法。4.掌握定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞的基本用法。一、名詞性從句名詞性從句是一種具有名詞功能的非獨(dú)立分句。名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞有：1)連接代詞:what(ever),who(ever)，whom(ever),which(ever)，whose。作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。2)連接副詞:when，where,how,why。作狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。3)從屬連詞:that，whether，if不作成分。（一）that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句1.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句1)Itis/was+形容詞/名詞/過去分詞+that從句。Itiscertainthatourteamwillwinthegame.我們隊(duì)一定會(huì)贏得比賽。Itisnowonderthatourteamwonthegame.我們隊(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)比賽并不足為奇2)It+不及物動(dòng)詞+that從句。Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.我沒想到你能成功說服他改變主意。2.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句1)放在及物動(dòng)詞、形容詞或介詞之后引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.我真的相信美來自內(nèi)心。Iamafraidthatyou'remistaken.恐怕你弄錯(cuò)了。Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheisalittlebitcareless.他是個(gè)好學(xué)生，就是有點(diǎn)兒粗心。2)及物動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)+that從句。Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.他已經(jīng)明確表示他是不會(huì)屈服的。3.放在系動(dòng)詞之后引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。Mydecisionisthatwe'retostartat6:00amtomorrow.我的決定是我們明天早上6點(diǎn)出發(fā)。4.放在抽象名詞之后并對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋說明，引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。Thenewsthatwewonthegameisinspiring.我們贏得比賽的消息鼓舞人心。（二）連接代詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句1.what相當(dāng)于thething(s)that.….,意為“……的東西”。What(=Thethingthat)theyneedisagoodtextbook.他們需要的是一本好課本。2.whatever相當(dāng)于anythingthat…,意為…的任何東西”。Youcantakewhatever(=anythingthat)youlike.你可以拿走你喜歡的任何東西3.whichever相當(dāng)于anymemberofagroupofpeopleorthingsthat.…,意為“(在某范圍之內(nèi))……的任何人或物”。Whicheverbookheboughtwouldbepaidfor.(這些書中)無(wú)論他買哪一本書都要付款I(lǐng)tdoesn’tmatterwhicheveryouchoose.你選擇哪一個(gè)對(duì)我來說都無(wú)所謂。4.whoever相當(dāng)于anyonewho,意為“……的任何人”。Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowhoever(=anyonewho)winsfirstplaceinthebicyclerace.金牌將會(huì)獎(jiǎng)給任何在自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。（三）連接副詞when，where，how，why引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句1.賓語(yǔ)從句:Youcan'timaginehowclosewearetosuccess.你無(wú)法想象我們離成功有多近。2.主語(yǔ)從句:Whyhe'softenabsentfromclassisamystery.他為什么總是缺課是個(gè)謎。3.表語(yǔ)從句:Ihadacold.That'swhyIdidn’tattendschool.我感冒了,因此我沒上學(xué)。溫馨提醒：why引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；because引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。Ididn'tattendschool.That'sbecauseIhadacold.我沒上學(xué)，那是因?yàn)槲腋忻傲恕?.同位語(yǔ)從句:MyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.我如何能和他取得聯(lián)系的問題還沒有得到答復(fù)。（四）whether/if(是否)引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句1．引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句1)放在句首引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，用whether。Whetherthemeetingwillbeheldisstillaproblem.是否要開會(huì)仍然是個(gè)問題。2)與表示選擇的or...連用,用whether。Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhestaysorleaves.他是留下還是離開無(wú)關(guān)緊要。3)與ornot直接連用,用whetherItmakesnodifferencewhetherornothecomes.他是否來無(wú)關(guān)緊要。4)與ornot不直接連用,用whether或if。Itmakesnodifferencewhether/ifhecomesornot,他是否來無(wú)關(guān)緊要。2．引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句1)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，只用whether。Itdependsonwhetheryoucandotheworkwell.那取決于你是否能做好這項(xiàng)工作。2)后接不定式時(shí)，只用whether。Idon'tknowwhethertogothere.我不知道(我)是否去那里。3)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句為否定句時(shí)，只用if不用whether。Idon'tcareifhedoesn’tcome我不在乎他是否來。4)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句中不含or/ornot，或與ornot不直接連用時(shí)，則if或whether均可使用。Hedidn'ttellmeif/whetherhewouldcome.他沒告訴我他是否來。Idon'tcarewhether/ifhecomesornot.我不在乎他是否來。3．引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句只用whether,不用if。Theproblemiswhetherthemeetingwillbeheld.問題是這個(gè)會(huì)議是否將要舉行。Ihavenoideawhetherthemeetingwillbeheld.我不知道會(huì)議是否會(huì)舉行。（五）that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句與that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別1．that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,that可以省略。Thenews(that)weheardwasnottrue.我們聽到的那則消息不是真的。2．that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，that不作成分，不能省略。Thenewscamearoundtwointheafternoonthatthemeetingwouldbepostponed.會(huì)議要被推遲的消息在下午兩點(diǎn)左右傳來。（六）that，what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別1．that不可省略(賓語(yǔ)從句除外)，在從句中不作成分，沒有意義。Thathewillsucceedisobvious.顯然，他會(huì)成功。2．what不可省略，在從句中作成分，有詞義(一般指……的東西/事情/人等)。Whatshetoldmeisnottrue她所告訴我的都不是真的。（七）doubt后的名詞性從句1．在否定句式中,用that引導(dǎo)。Thereisnodoubtthatwellwin.毫無(wú)疑問，我們會(huì)贏。Idon'tdoubtthatyouarehonest.我不懷疑你的誠(chéng)實(shí)。2．在肯定句式中，doubt用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),用whether/if引導(dǎo);doubt用作名詞時(shí)，用whether引導(dǎo)。Idoubtwhether/ifitistrue.我懷疑它是否真實(shí)。Thereisstillsomedoubtwhetherhewillcome他是否會(huì)來仍然有點(diǎn)疑問。二、定語(yǔ)從句在主從復(fù)合句中,修飾、限制名詞、代詞甚至句子的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。（一）限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別1．限制性定語(yǔ)從句:對(duì)先行詞起修飾、限制作用，是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果去掉，主句的意義就會(huì)不完整、不明確或失去意義;書寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)與主句隔開。引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有:that，which,who,whom,whose,as,when,where,why。.Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.(Perhapshehasmorethantwosons.)他有在同一家公司工作的兩個(gè)兒子。2．非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用;先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句往往由逗號(hào)隔開;非限制性定語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于并列分句、狀語(yǔ)從句等。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有:whichwho,whom,whose,as,when,where。注意that和why不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany(=Hehastwosons,andtheyworkinthesamecompany.)他有兩個(gè)兒子,他們?cè)谕患夜旧习唷hedoctor,whoisquiteold,worksveryhard.(=Althoughthedoctorisquiteold,heworksveryhard.)雖然這位醫(yī)生年齡很大了，但他工作很努力。（二）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1．which指代物或句子，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。ThisistheEnglishbookwhichIboughtyesterday.這就是我昨天買的那本英語(yǔ)書。Hepassedthedrivingtest,whichmadehimveryexcited.他通過了駕照考試,這使他很興奮。2．that指代人或物，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Finallyhereachedalonelyislandthatwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.最終他到達(dá)了一個(gè)與外界完全隔絕的孤島。3．who指代人,在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ);whom指代人,在從句中只充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)。Sheisthegirlwholivesnextdoor.她就是住在隔壁的那個(gè)女孩。Imettheprofessor(who/whom)Igottoknowataparty.我遇見了那位我在一次聚會(huì)上認(rèn)識(shí)的教授。溫馨提醒：1.that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;2.在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略，在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中不可省略。4．whose指代人或物，在從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。Acompanywhoseprofitsfromthehomemarkeraredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.在國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)利潤(rùn)下降的公司可以在國(guó)外謀求機(jī)會(huì)。Iliveintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth我住在那個(gè)窗戶朝南的房間里。5．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1)用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，先行詞指人或物且在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。常用句型:①such(+名詞)+as….(像……一樣的，像……之類的);②thesame+名詞+as….(和……一樣的)。Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.我們已經(jīng)找到了像他們工廠里用的那種材料。(as作主語(yǔ))Ihavethesamebookashehas.我有和他一樣的書。(as作賓語(yǔ))2)用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,先行詞為整個(gè)主句或主句中的一部分，意為“正如……,像……”Asisoftenthecase,thefactthatthingsarecheapdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheyareoflowquality.像往常常有的情況一樣,便宜的東西未必就意味著它們質(zhì)量差。（三）“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1．“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞常用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即“介詞+which/whom”，且which或whom不能省略。Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson,towhomshecouldturnforhelp.在黑暗的街道上,沒有一個(gè)她可以求助的人。HehasthreeEnglishtextbooks,allofwhicharelost.他有三本英語(yǔ)課本,都丟了。2．“復(fù)合介詞短語(yǔ)+關(guān)系代詞which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句常與先行詞用逗號(hào)分開。Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵又大又高的樹。Hehadabadcold,asaresultofwhichhewasabsentfromschoollastweek.他得了重感冒，結(jié)果他上周沒上課。溫馨提醒：關(guān)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”中介詞的選擇，一看先行詞固定搭配，二看定語(yǔ)從句動(dòng)詞、形容詞等構(gòu)成的固定搭配，三看語(yǔ)境邏輯。介詞的選擇，先行詞指物應(yīng)用which，先行詞指人應(yīng)用whom。Themanwithwhommyfatherisshakinghandsisourheadmaster.和我父親握手的那個(gè)男子是我們的校長(zhǎng)。You'vemadegreatprogressinEnglish,ofwhichI’mgreatlyproud.你在英語(yǔ)方面取得了巨大的進(jìn)步,為此我感到很驕傲。Johninvitedabout40peopletohisweddingmostofwhomarefamilymembers.約翰邀請(qǐng)了大約40人參加婚禮，其中大多數(shù)都是家庭成員。（四）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1．when指代時(shí)間,在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),可改為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Icanstillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)Ijoinedthearmy.我仍然記得我參軍的那一天。2．where指代地點(diǎn)，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，可改為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Canyoutellmetheofficewhere(inwhich)heworks?你能告訴我他工作的辦公室嗎?3．why指代原因,在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),可改為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Thereasonwhy(forwhich)weshouldplantmoretreesisthattheycanbeautifytheenvironment.我們應(yīng)該多植樹的原因是樹木可以美化環(huán)境。溫馨提醒：1.關(guān)系副詞why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句。2.當(dāng)先行詞為atmosphere,case,point,situation,stage等抽象的地點(diǎn)名詞且關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomakedecisionsonmyown.我已經(jīng)到了人生中應(yīng)該自己做出決定的地步了。（五）在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，只用關(guān)系代詞that不能用which的情況1．當(dāng)先行詞為all，everything，anything,nothing等時(shí)。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.最后，這個(gè)小偷將他所盜竊的所有東西都交予了警方。2．當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,theright等詞語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)。ThisistheverybookthatIwaslookingfor.這正是我當(dāng)時(shí)在尋找的書。3．當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)，或者被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。Thistrainisthefirst(one)thatwillgotoSuzhou.這是去蘇州的第一趟火車。4．當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthatthey’retalkingabout?你知道他們正在談?wù)摰娜撕褪聠?考點(diǎn)一：考場(chǎng)what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句例1．______annoyedmelastnightwasthenoiseofthefirecrackersfromtheneighbourhoodareatillmidnight.【答案】What【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：昨晚使我惱火的（事）是從附近街區(qū)傳來的一直持續(xù)到午夜的爆竹聲。句子分析可知，“___annoyedmelastnight”為名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)，設(shè)空處在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示“……事”，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)；設(shè)空處位于句首，首字母大寫。故填What?？键c(diǎn)二：考場(chǎng)that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句例2．Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldn’trushtotheconclusion________oneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.【答案】that【詳解】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)我們遇到這樣的事實(shí)差異時(shí)，我們不應(yīng)該急于得出其中一篇新聞報(bào)道提供了虛假信息的結(jié)論。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說明conclusion的內(nèi)容，從句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。故填that?？键c(diǎn)三：考場(chǎng)-ever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句例3．Everyemployeeneedstofindtheiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutin________istheirfieldofemployment.【答案】whatever【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：每個(gè)員工都需要找到自己獨(dú)特的價(jià)值貢獻(xiàn)，使他們?cè)谧约旱木蜆I(yè)領(lǐng)域脫穎而出。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處位于介詞in后，在句中引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺主語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示物，應(yīng)用whatever引導(dǎo)。故填whatever。考點(diǎn)四：考場(chǎng)where引導(dǎo)名詞性從句例4．Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That’s___thebestjobsare.【答案】where【詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：為什么不去市中心碰碰運(yùn)氣呢，鮑勃？那是最好的工作所在地?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少表語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意“所在地”可知，應(yīng)用連接副詞where。故填where?？键c(diǎn)五：固定句型中名詞性從句例5．Thereisnodoubt____thewoodenchairismuchstrongerthantheplasticoneyouboughtyesterday.【答案】that【解析】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：毫無(wú)疑問，這把木椅比你昨天買的塑料椅結(jié)實(shí)得多。Thereisnodoubtthat…為固定句型，意為“毫無(wú)疑問……”，從句成分和意義都完整，故此處that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。故填that。考點(diǎn)六：抽象名詞具體化的用法例6．Thequestion________Englishwillkeeponchanginginthefutureiseasytoanswersinceitiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue.【答案】whether【解析】考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：英語(yǔ)將來會(huì)不斷變化的問題很容易回答，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)過程肯定會(huì)繼續(xù)下去。分析可知，________Englishwillkeeponchanginginthefuture為同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋名詞thequestion，從句中句子成分齊全，意思上缺少“是否”，所以用從屬連詞whether，意為“是否”，故填whether。考點(diǎn)七：關(guān)系代詞that、which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句例7．Mr.Crossettwillneverforgettheday________hespentwithhisstudents.【答案】that/which/無(wú)【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：Mr.Crossett永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記和學(xué)生度過的那天。空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是day，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)；關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)可省略。故填that/which/無(wú)。考點(diǎn)八：關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句例8．OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,________youcanhearsomelovelymusic.【答案】where【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：對(duì)面是圣保羅教堂，在那里你可以聽到一些優(yōu)美的音樂。此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞St.Paul'sChurch，且先行詞在從句中作的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where?？键c(diǎn)九：關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句例9．Thebuilding_________doorsarewhiteisanofficebuilding.【答案】whose【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：門是白色的那座建筑是一座辦公樓。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是thebuilding，指物，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，表示所屬關(guān)系，意為“……的”。故填whose?？键c(diǎn)十：關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句例10．SearchenginessearchtheInternetbasedonthekeywordsyoutypein,andchoosesuchwebpagesforyou________containthewordsyouaskfor.【答案】as【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：搜索引擎根據(jù)你輸入的關(guān)鍵詞搜索互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，并為你選擇出包含你要求的關(guān)鍵詞的網(wǎng)頁(yè)。在定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)先行詞前有such,thesame修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用as,句中webpages為先行詞，前有such修飾，故填as?？键c(diǎn)十一：關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句例11．________isoftenthecasewithchildren,Tomwasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.【答案】As【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：湯姆在醫(yī)生趕到前已經(jīng)完全沒事了，這種事經(jīng)常發(fā)生在孩子身上。as引導(dǎo)非限制定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是整個(gè)句子，as在從句中作主語(yǔ)，意為“正如，像……一樣”。故填A(yù)s?？键c(diǎn)十二：定語(yǔ)從句“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”用法例12．Nelsonofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems________whichIwasgrateful.【答案】for【解析】考查介詞。句意：納爾遜為貧窮的黑人提供法律問題方面的指導(dǎo)，對(duì)此我心存感激。分析句子可知，此句是一個(gè)由介詞+which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，短語(yǔ)begratefulfor“對(duì)……心存感激”，因此要用介詞for，解釋原因，forwhich=why，作狀語(yǔ)。故填for?？键c(diǎn)十三：定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)主謂一致例13．Davidisoneofthosestudentswho________(praise)bytheheadmasteryesterday.【答案】werepraised【解析】考查主謂一致。句意：大衛(wèi)是昨天被校長(zhǎng)表?yè)P(yáng)的學(xué)生之一。根據(jù)句意可知，關(guān)系代詞“who”指代的先行詞是“thosestudents”，為復(fù)數(shù)，同時(shí)應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故填werepraised?？键c(diǎn)十四：先行詞是theway的定語(yǔ)從句例14．Yourfriendsalsoinfluencetheway________youviewyourphysicalappearance.【答案】that/inwhich/省略(/)【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：你的朋友也會(huì)影響你看待自己外表的方式。分析句子可知，此處為theway當(dāng)“way”表示“方式、方法”，theway在句中作先行詞，后被一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾時(shí)，theway在從句中作作狀語(yǔ)成分，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句可用that，也可用inwhich，或什么都不用。故填that/inwhich/省略(/)。考點(diǎn)十五：分割型定語(yǔ)從句例15．Occasionsarequiterare_________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.【答案】when【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我有時(shí)間和家人待在一起一天的時(shí)候很少。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是occasions，被謂語(yǔ)arequiterare分隔開。故填when。第一組（名詞性從句）一、單項(xiàng)填空1.（2021·天津·高考真題）ItseemedthatIhadbecome________myparentshadwantedmetobe.A．when B．where C．what D．whether2.（2021·天津·高考真題）WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.A．whether B．why C．what D．when3.（2020·江蘇·高考真題）Itisnotaproblem_____wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.A．whether B．why C．when D．where4．（2020·天津·高考真題）Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue______ProfessorJosephhadsaid.A．that B．what C．when D．where5.（2020·天津·高考真題）MygrandmotherhelpedmebelievethatIcouldaccomplish____________Iputmymindto.A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．whichever6（2018·天津·高考真題）Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,whichwas______hisfatherhadexpected.A．why B．how C．that D．what7.（2019·江蘇·高考真題）Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence________plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.A．what B．that C．which D．where8.（2019·天津·高考真題）Theopinionlearningisalifelongprocesshasbeenexpressedbyeducationexpertsthroughouttheyears.A．which B．thatC．what D．how9．（2018·北京·高考真題）（2018·北京）Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.A．how B．whichC．that D．what10.（2018·天津·高考真題）Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto___________winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.A．whomever B．whereverC．whoever D．whatever11．（2017·江蘇·高考真題）Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof_______itusedtocharge.A．that B．whichC．what D．how12.（2017·天津·高考真題）Sheaskedme________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.A．when B．whereC．whether D．what13.（2017·北京·高考真題）Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing________shewasheading.A．why B．whereC．how D．when13.（2016·天津·高考真題）Themanagerputforwardasuggestion__________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.A．whether B．thatC．which D．what14.（2018·江蘇·高考真題）Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichis_______wearrived.A．where B．whenC．why D．how27．（2015·陜西·高考真題）Readingherbiography,Iwaslostinadmirationfor_____DorisLessinghadachievedinliterature.A．what B．thatC．why D．how二、單句填空1.（2021新高考I卷）GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.__________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.2.（2021北京卷）Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout__________shelived.3.（2021天津卷）WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.4.（2020北京卷）Oliversaysifyou'reluckyenoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem__________youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.5.（2020浙江卷）Overthousandsofyears，theybegantodependlesson__________couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild，andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.6.（2020天津卷）Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue__________ProfessorJosephhadsaid.7.（2020江蘇卷）Itisnotaproblem__________wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.8.(2019·江蘇卷)Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence___________plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.9.(2019·新課標(biāo)I卷)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence__________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.10.(2018·北京)Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.第二組（定語(yǔ)從句）一、單項(xiàng)填空1．（2022·天津·高考真題）Guidebooksarepreparedtosuittheconvenienceofthetraveler,________routesroundacityorasiteareoftensuggested.A．forwhich B．withwhichC．forwhom D．withwhom2．（2021·天津·高考真題）Inthespring,aseason________wearelearningnewrhythmsoflife，manyofusfindcomfortinthenaturalworld.A．when B．where C．what D．which3．（2017·天津·高考真題）Ihavereachedapointinmycareer________Ineedtodecidewhichwaytogo.A．that B．where C．which D．why4．（2021·天津·高考真題）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.A．where B．which C．that D．when5．（2021·天津·高考真題）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakes________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.A．fromwhich B．inwhich C．withwhom D．forwhom6．（2017·全國(guó)·高考真題）Theshippinggroup,_______profitsdivedlastyearbynearlyathird,hastoldshareholderstoexpectanevenlowerresultforthisyear．A．whose B．where C．which D．that7．（2020·江蘇·高考真題）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from_____studentscanchooseforfree.A．whose B．which C．when D．whom8．（2020·天津·高考真題）Dr.Rowan,______secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.A．whose B．ofwhom C．ofwhich D．which9．（2020·天津·高考真題）Mr.Smithownedthisoilpaintinguntiltheearly1990s,____________hegaveittohisgrandson.A．which B．when C．where D．who10．（2018·天津·高考真題）Therewasalongwaitatthereceptiondesk,______everyonewascheckingin.A．why B．which C．whom D．where11．（2019·江蘇·高考真題）Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.A．which B．what C．when D．that12．（2019·天津·高考真題）Thecoursenormallyattractsabout100studentsperyear,uptohalfwillbefromabroad.A．who B．ofwhichC．when D．ofwhom13．（2016·天津·高考真題）Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,________theweathermaybebetter.A．that B．whereC．which D．when14．（2015·北京·高考真題）OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,________youcanhearsomelovelymusic.A．which B．that C．when D．where15．（2018·江蘇·高考真題）Self-drivingisanarea_______Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.A．that B．whereC．which D．when16．（2018·北京·高考真題）Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.A．which B．whoC．a(chǎn)s D．that17．（2018·天津·高考真題）Kate,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.A．whom B．thatC．whose D．her18．（2017·江蘇·高考真題）In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgram,oneof________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.A．which B．it’sC．whose D．whom19．（2017·北京·高考真題）Thelittleproblems________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.A．that B．a(chǎn)sC．where D．when20．（2017·天津·高考真題）Myeldestson,________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.A．that B．whose C．his D．who二、單句填空1.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.2.（2022全國(guó)甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.3.（2022浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics___________arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange.4.（2021新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.5.（2021北京卷）Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___________happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.6.（2021浙江1月卷）BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool___________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.7.（2021天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom___________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem.8.（2021天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands___________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.9.（2020新高考卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum___________openedin1759.10.（2020全國(guó)I卷）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot___________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.11.（2020全國(guó)III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist,___________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.12.（2020天津卷）Dr.Rowan,___________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.13.（2020江蘇卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___________studentscanchooseforfree.14.（2020江蘇卷）Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________everyone.15.（2019全國(guó)II卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.第一組（名詞性從句）閱讀下面句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．Withtheseinspiringwordsringingintheirears,Alliedsoldierspreparedfor________wouldbecomeknownasD-Day.2．Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto________winsthefirstplaceinthebicycler.3．Ihavenoidea_________hashappenedrecentlyonmyco-worker,soIcan’tgivethesadgirlasuitablecomfort.4．Concernswereraised________witnessesmightbeencouragedtoexaggeratetheirstoriesincourttoensureadecisionofguilty.5．_____isknowntousallisthatthe2024OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinParis.6．OneofthereasonswhyCharlesDickenslovedhisnovelDavidCopperfieldwas________itwasbasedonhisownlife.7．—Thequestionis________itisthatwecangoforapicnic.—Irecommendanationalforestpark18milesawayfromhere.8．Itwas________theteachersaidtohim_________encouragedhimtomakeeveryefforttocatchupwithhisclassmates.9．WhenIsawmycatwaitingsadlyforthedogtoreturnatthegate,Isuddenlyrealized________closetherelationshipbetweenthemwas.9．Itwasannouncedthatachargeforplasticbags___________(charge)nextyear.10．Thereisgrowingevidence________stayinguplateatnighthasaseriousimpactonpeople’shealth.11．Hedidn’tattendschoolyesterday,andthat’s________hegotatoothache.12．ThemomentIwillalwaysrememberis________IdeliveredmyfirstEnglishspeechbeforeabigaudience.13．Susanmadeitcleartome________shewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.14．________teamwinsonSaturdaywillgotothenationalchampionships.15．Thereason________accountsfortheirnamesGalileanMoonsis________theywerediscoveredbyGalileoin1610.16．Theteachersaidthatthesun________(rise)intheeastand________(set)inthewest.17．—Children’sbehaviourismosteasilyinfluencedbyhisparents.—True.That’s________weshouldsetagoodexampletoourkids.18．Peoplegoforwalkslessa