2019高考英語一輪選練習(xí)題Unit4Makingthenews（含解析）新人教版必修5

必修5Unit4Makingthenews李仕才Ⅰ.閱讀理解AGoldenGateLocatedinSanFrancisco,theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937.Itcostmorethan$35millionintheconstruction.Tilltheyear1957,theBrooklynTheBrooklynBridgeislocatedinBrooklyn.ItisoneoftheoldestbridgesintheUnitedStates,openedintheyear1883.Thelengthofthebridgeis1,825meters.ThebridgehasbeenfeaturedinseveralHollywoodmovies.GeorgeAlsoknownastheHudsonRiverBridge,theGeorgeWashingtonBridgewhichconnectsFortLeetoManhattancameintousein1931afteraconstructionperiodofalmost4years.Itisatwo-levelsuspensionbridge.MackinacThisisthethirdbiggestsuspensionbridgeintheworldatalengthof8,038meters.ThearchitectofthisbridgewasDr.DavidB．Steinmanwhodirectedtheconstructionofthebridgewhichstartedintheyear1954andopenedtothepublicin1957.Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.NavajoLocatedinArizona,thisbridgecrossestheColoradoRiverandisalmost250meterslong.Theconstructionofthisbridgestartedintheyear1927,endingtwoyearslater,costing$390,000.Inthe1990sasecondbridgewasbuiltwhichwasopenedtothepublicin1995.Thefirstbridgeisstillusedbypedestriansnow.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國五座著名的大橋。1．WhatdoweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridge?A．Itconsistsoftwobridges.B．Itcoststheleastofthefivebridges.C．Itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D．Ittakesabout4yearstopletetheconstruction.答案與解析：D'考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937.”可推知，金門大橋的建筑時(shí)間約有四年，故D項(xiàng)正確。2．Whichofthefollowingbridgeswasbuilttheearliest?A．GoldenGateB．BrooklynC．GeorgeD．Navajo答案與解析：B'考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“wasbuilttheearliest”定位到每座大橋的建筑時(shí)間；根據(jù)文中各座大橋的建筑時(shí)間可知，布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，故B項(xiàng)正確。3．WhatwillyoudoifyoudriveacrossMackinacBridge?A．Havetopaysomemoney.B．Usethesecondbridge.C．Covernearly250meters.D．SeethestatueofDr.DavidB．Steinman.答案與解析：A'考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段尾句“Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會(huì)被收取一定量的錢，故A項(xiàng)正確。BChinesepapercuttingor"jianzhi"istheartofcuttingpaperdesigns,andthecutoutsarealsousedtodecoratedoorsandwindows,sotheyaresometimescalled"chuanghua".PapercuttinghaslongbeenasymbolofEasterncharm.Therearesymmetrical(對(duì)稱的)designsthatareusuallycreatedbysomefoldingandcutting.Whenunfolded,itformsasymmetricaldesign.Chinesecutoutsarenormallysymmetricalandareusuallyinanevennumberseriesof2,4,24,etc.Theoldestsurvivingpapercutoutisasymmetricalcirclefromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiang,China.Fromthe7thto13thcentury,papercuttingbecamepopularespeciallyduringChinesefestivals.Theartspreadtotherestoftheworldinthe14thcentury.ThroughouttheQingDynastymanypapercuttingskillsweredevelopedincludingdraftingandtheuseofsmokedpapers.BytheendoftheQingruling,however,papercuttingwasonceonthedeclinebecausenewartformswerebeingintroduced.TheRepublicofChinalatertriedtoToday,papercutoutsarechieflydecorative.Theydecoratewalls,windows,doors,columns,mirrors,lampsandlanternsinhomesandarealsousedonpresentsoraregivenasgiftsthemselves.Entrancesdecoratedwithpapercutoutsaresupposedtobringgoodluck.Papercutoutsusedtobeusedaspatterns,especiallyforembroidery(刺繡).Therearetwomethodsofmanufacture:oneusesscissors,theotherusesknives.Inthescissormethod,severalpiecesofpaper—uptoeight—arefastenedtogether.Theimageisthencutwithsharp,pointedscissors.Knifecuttingsarefashionedbyputtingseveralpaperonarelativelysoftfoundationconsistingofamixtureofoilandashes.Skilledcrafterscanevencutoutdifferentdrawingsfreelywithoutstopping.1.Whencantheexistingoldestpapercuttingdatebackto?A.about1500yearsago. B.about1600yearsago.C.about1400yearsago. D.about600yearsago.2.Theunderlinedword"revive"inParagraph3canbereplacedby"_______".A.survive B.restore C.copy D.fix3.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestsummarizethelastparagraph?A.History. B.Origin. C.Uses. D.Process.4.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.Paper—theEasternCharmB.TheHistoryofPaperCuttingC.ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCuttingD.PaperCutting—UnbelievableSkilledCrafters【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。中國的剪紙藝術(shù)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)，距今已有1500多年的歷史。如今的剪紙主要用于裝飾。剪紙過程簡(jiǎn)單但具有一定的文化特色。1.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的首句中的關(guān)鍵信息"Theoldestsurvivingpapercutout...fromtheearly6thcenturyfoundinXinjiang,China"可知，該藝術(shù)始于六世紀(jì)早期，即500年左右，故用2017年減去500年，即可推知距今約1500年。3.D【解析】段落大意題。最后一段介紹了剪紙的兩種方法，具體使用什么工具和怎樣操作。由此可推知本段講的是剪紙的過程，故用process概括此段較為合適。4.C【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。全篇從中國剪紙藝術(shù)的歷史、用途以及過程等全方位闡述了PaperCutting，故用ABriefIntroductiontoPaperCutting作為文章標(biāo)題最合適。二、七選五Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.1Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.2Betweentheagesofabout12and50,womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility(生育能力).Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandbloodflow.Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.3Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygersicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Themoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.4Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowinfluenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman’sbodycellshaveatendency(傾向)toagemoreslowlythanaman’s.Othersthinkthataman’sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.5A.However,

women,

on

average,

live

longer.B.The

biological

factor

plays

an

important

part.C.

Women

are

also

helped

by

their

female

genes.D.

The

female

hormones

also

protect

the

body

in

another

way.E.

Recent

research

seems

to

support

both

of

these

possibilities.F.

Therefore,

women

are

more

healthy

than

men

and

can

live

a

better

life.G.

Hormones

are

chemicals

which

are

produced

by

the

body

to

control

carious

body

functions.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了女性比男性壽命長(zhǎng)的原因。1.A根據(jù)空格下一句＂一般說，女性比男性多活6到7年＂可知此處的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性壽命更長(zhǎng)。故選A。2.G根據(jù)空格上句＂男性和女性之間荷爾蒙的不同幫助女性活得更久＂可知此空的意思是：荷爾蒙是身體分泌的控制身體各種功能的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選G。3.D根據(jù)下句＂它們幫助身體本身抵抗各種感染＂可知此空的意思是：女性荷爾蒙也用另一種方式保護(hù)身體。故選D。5.E根據(jù)空格前兩句＂一些人認(rèn)為女性的身體細(xì)胞有比男性老化慢的傾向，另一些人認(rèn)為男性的身體細(xì)胞有老化較快的傾向＂可知E項(xiàng)＂最近的研究似乎支持這兩種可能＂符合題意。故選E。三、短文改錯(cuò)(2018·山東六校聯(lián)考)ThedaybeforeMother'sDay,everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwasmostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerswerewhatmoststudentswoulddo.However,Iwantedtodosomethingdifferently.AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn'tgobackhomeonMother'sDay,soIdecidedtocallherandsenthermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions,whatwereveryuseful,andIreaditcarefully.WhenIcalledmymother,however,Ihadthefeelthatsomeoneelse'swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveinandjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhertoallshehaddoneforme.答案：ThedaybeforeMother'sDay,everybodyaroundmewastalkingaboutwhatwaseq\o(∧,\s\do14(the))mostsuitablegifttheywouldbuyfortheirmothers.Buyingflowerseq\o(were,\s\do14(was))whatmoststudentswoulddo.However,Iwantedtodosomethingeq\o(differently,\s\do14(different)).AsthenIlivedinschoolandcouldn'tgobackhomeonMother'sDay,Idecidedtocallherandeq\o(sent,\s\do14(send))hermybestwishes.IsearchedtheInternetforsuggestions,eq\o(what,\s\do14(which))wereveryuseful,andIreadeq\o(it,\s\do14(them))carefully.WhenIcalledmymother,however,Ihadtheeq\o(feel,\s\do14(feeling))thatsomeoneelse'swordswouldhavenomeaningtoher.SoIgaveeq\o(in,\s\do14(up))andjusttoldmymotherIlovedherandthankedhereq\o(to,\s\do14(for))allshehaddoneforme.四、語法填空MusicfestivalsarepopularacrossAfrica.ButthisseemssomethingfewwouldhaveimaginedpossibleinGoma.Foryears,thecity1(link)towars.Theyoungpeopleweretiredofyearsof2(violent),andayouthgroupsetouttoorganizeamusicfestival3peaceintheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.Theydecidedtoholdtheeventinthe4(east)cityofGoma.Theirfirstattemptin2013wascancelled5Gomacameunderattack.Butlastyear,25,000peoplecametothecitytoheartheirfavoriteartistsplay.Andthisyear,someofAfrica’stopmusiciansdecidedtoattend.Thecrowdcheered6HabibKoitearrivedforhisperformance.Thesmokemachinesfiredup.Some