2023高中英語Unit3FoodandCultureSectionIReadingandThinking測試新人教版選擇性

SectionⅠReadingandThinking(1)閱讀理解。ABangkok,Thailand,isknownforhavingsomeofthebeststreetfoodsintheworld.Now,onestreetsellerisbeingofficiallyrecognizedforhertastycreations.TheroadsiderestaurantJayFaiinBangkokwasrecentlyawardedastarinthehighlyrespectedMichelinGuidetorestaurantsaroundtheworld.Officialsfromtheguidevisitrestaurantsandthengivethemaratingof1to3stars,basedontheentirequality.JayFaiislikemanyotherstreetrestaurantsacrossBangkok.Theownerandchefis72yearoldFaiJunsuta.Shepreparesthefoodinanopenairkitchen.Shedoesallofthecookinginacoupleoflargepans(平底鍋),andwearsspecialglassestoprotecthereyesfromanendlessstreamofsmoke.Someoftherestaurant’smostpopularfooditemsarecrabomelets,crabcurriesanddriedcongee.ManyrestaurantswaityearstoreceiveMichelinstars.“IknewtheMichelinnamebeforebutIdidnotknowithadtodowithcooking,”shesaid.“Iamveryproud.IfeelextremelyenjoyableandIamontopoftheworld.”Butsheaddedthatshewouldquicklybereturningtothekitchenafterattendinganawardsceremony.“WedonothavealotofstaffbecauseI’mabitdifficultandcrazy,”shesaid.Inannouncingtheselections,MichelinsaidBangkokhaslearnedhowtosuccessfullyoffermanykindsofinternationalcookingstyleswithoutgivingupitsownfoodheritage.Thailand’sTourismAuthoritysignedapartnershipwithMichelintocreatetheBangkokguide.ThepartnershipfollowedanannouncementlastyearthatThaiofficialsplannedtoforbidstreetfoodsellersinBangkokinanefforttocleanupthecity.Thegovernmentlaterbackedawayfromitsplanstopletelyremoveallstreetfoodsellers.Butofficialsdidmakesomerulestopreventsellersfromblockingtrafficandpeople.1.WhatdoyouknowaboutJayFai?A.Itonlyhasonecook.B.Itskitchenisthespecialfeatureoftherestaurant.C.Itservesavarietyofdishesinsimplesurroundings.D.Itisfamousforitscleaneatingenvironmentanddeliciousfood.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theownerandchefis72yearoldFaiJunsuta.Shepreparesthefoodinanopenairkitchen.Shedoesallofthecookinginacoupleoflargepans,andwearsspecialglassestoprotecthereyesfromanendlessstreamofsmoke.Someoftherestaurant’smostpopularfooditemsarecrabomelets,crabcurriesanddriedcongee.”可知,JayFai飯店的店主和主廚是72歲的FaiJunsuta。她在露天廚房里準備食物。她用幾個大鍋烹飪所有的菜肴,并戴著特殊的眼鏡,以保護她的眼睛免受無盡的油煙傷害。飯店中最受歡迎的食物是蟹煎蛋、蟹咖喱和干粥。由此可推知,JayFai飯店在簡單的環(huán)境中提供各種菜肴服務。故選C。答案:C2.WhatcanweinferaboutFaiJunsuta?A.ShehadlongdesiredtoreceiveaMichelinstar.B.ShefeltexcitedafterherrestaurantgotaMichelinstar.C.Shehadnodifficultyinemployingmorestaffforherrestaurant.D.Shewouldbelatefortheawardsceremonysincetherestaurantwasbusy.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“‘Iamveryproud.IfeelextremelyenjoyableandIamontopoftheworld.’”可知,JayFai飯店得到米其林評星后,FaiJunsuta很自豪,并且感覺非常愉快、欣喜若狂。故選B。答案:B3.What’sthegovernment’snewdecisionaboutstreetfoodsellers?A.Helpingthemmanagetherestaurantsbetter.B.Forbiddingthemtosellfoodonthestreets.C.Encouragingthemtoenlargetheirrestaurants.D.Carryingoutsometreatmentmeasures.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thegovernmentlaterbackedawayfromitsplanstopletelyremoveallstreetfoodsellers.Butofficialsdidmakesomerulestopreventsellersfromblockingtrafficandpeople.”可知,政府后來放棄了徹底清除所有街頭食品小販的計劃。但官員們確實制定了一些規(guī)則,以防止賣家堵塞交通和人群。由此可知,(泰國)政府最新對街頭食品小販實施了一些整治措施。故選D。答案:DB“Oldwives’tales”arebeliefspasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Forexample,mostofusrememberourparentstellingustoeatmoreofcertainfoodsornottodocertainthings.Isthereanytruthintheseteachings?Someofthemagreewithpresentmedicalthinking,butothershavenotpassedthetestoftime.Didyourmotherevertellyoutoeatcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodforyoureyes?Scientistsnowreportthateatingcarrotscanhelppreventaseriouseyediseasecalledmaculardegeneration.Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.Garlicisgoodforyou,too.Itcankillthetypeofvirusthatcausescolds.Unfortunately,notallofmum’sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’tholdwater,thereisstillalotoftruthinthe“oldwives’tales”.Afterall,muchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(積累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.Weshouldrespectthisbodyofknowledgeevenaswesearchforclearscientificsupporttoproveittrueorfalse.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Eatinggarlicisgoodforoureyes.B.Stickysweetsaredamagingtoourteeth.C.Swimmingafteramealisdangerous.D.Carrotspreventpeoplefromcatchingcolds.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Stickysweets...tendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.”可以看出,有黏性的糖果的確對牙齒有害。故選B。答案:B5.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthethirdparagraph?A.Bycauseandeffect.B.Byorderinspace.C.Byorderintime.D.Byexamples.解析:推理判斷題。第三段第一句是主題句,接著本段列舉了“飯后一小時內(nèi)游泳”和“吃糖”這兩個例子來支持主題句。因此,這一段主要是通過舉例來論述的。故選D。答案:D6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“holdwater”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Tobebelievable.B.Tobevaluable.C.Tobeadmirable.D.Tobesuitable.解析:詞義猜測題?！癲on’tholdwater”與“thereisstillalotoftruth”意義相對立,那么“holdwater”與“thereisstillalotoftruth”意義相似。故選A。答案:A7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“oldwives’tales”inthetext?A.Subjective. B.Objective.C.Dissatisfied. D.Curious.解析:推理判斷題。綜合全文,作者既指出了一些傳統(tǒng)說法是正確的,又說明了一些傳統(tǒng)觀念是沒有科學依據(jù)的。最后一段作者表明了對這些觀念的尊重,因此我們可以看出作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選B。答案:BCManycitiesandtownshavelawsthatrequirepeopletorecyclepaperandplastics.NowCaliforniaandVermonthavelawsaboutrecyclingfoodwastethatapplytobusinessesandhomes.Theprocessofrecyclingfoodwasteandturningitintousablesoiliscalledposting(堆制肥料).Foodwastethatcanbepostedincludesfruitandvegetablepeels,teabags,andeggshells.Gardenwastesuchasleavescanalsobepostedbutmeatandfishwastecannotberecycled.Accordingtoenvironmentalgroups,postingreducestheamountoftrashgoingintolandfills(垃圾填埋場).postedwasteholdsmanynutrients(營養(yǎng)物)anditcanbeaddedtothesoilingardensandfields.Reducingtheamountofwastethatgoesintolandfillsisonereasonwhycitiesandstatesareadoptingfoodwasterecyclinglaws.OfficialsinSeattle,Washington,saythatfoodwastemakesup30%ofthetrashgoingintolandfills,andtheyarelookingtoreducethatpercentage.Thatcityhasalawaskingpeopletorecyclefoodwaste.Itisbannedfromallgarbage.Thereisafineforpeoplewhoputitintoregulargarbage.ReneeCrowley,aprojectmanagerattheLowerEastSideEcologyCentre,pointsoutthatinmunitieswherefoodrecyclingisnotalaw,thereareplaceswherepeoplecandropofftheirfoodwasteforposting.Manyschoolsandcollegeshavealsostartedpostingprogrammes.Criticsoffoodrecyclinglawssaythatthepostingprocessmaybeutopianbecauseitisdifficultforpeoplewholiveinapartmentstostoretheirwasteastheydon’thaveoutsidestoragebins.OneresidentofOrangeCounty,Lily,saidthatshethoughtanindoorcontainercontainingfoodwastewouldgetsmelly.8.Whatdoweknowaboutposting?A.Allthefoodwastecanbeposted.B.postedwasteisofbenefittocrops.C.postingwillmakelandfillsdisappear.D.postingmeansrecyclingpaperandplastics.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“postedwasteholdsmanynutrientsanditcanbeaddedtothesoilingardensandfields.”可知,堆肥含有豐富的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì),有利于莊稼的生長。故選B。答案:B9.WhatareofficialsinSeattletryingtodo?A.Reducefoodwastegoingintolandfills.B.Banbusinessesfromdroppingofffoodwaste.C.Callonschoolstostartpostingprogrammes.D.Makelawstopunishpeopleputtingtrashintogarbage.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“OfficialsinSeattle,Washington,saythatfoodwastemakesup30%ofthetrashgoingintolandfills,andtheyarelookingtoreducethatpercentage.”可知,西雅圖的官員盡可能地減少進入垃圾填埋場的食物垃圾。故選A。答案:A10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utopian”mean?A.Slow. B.Unexpected.C.Unrealistic. D.Expensive.解析:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的內(nèi)容可知,這個堆肥過程不太現(xiàn)實,因為住在公寓的人在室外沒有儲存這些食物垃圾的容器。故選C。答案:C11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Thebenefitsofposting.B.Howtodealwithfoodwasteinourlife.C.Thereistoomuchfoodwasteintheworld.D.Lawsaboutrecyclingfoodwaste.解析:主旨大意題。本文主要告訴我們有關(guān)回收食物垃圾的法律。故選D。答案:DReadingandThinking(2)[基礎(chǔ)測評]Ⅰ.單句語法填空。1.Mostofthesenewtoolsandserviceshavebeenmarketedtothe________(consume).

2.Weremendthatyousolveallerrorspriorto________(test)thesystem.

3.Ourgreatesthappinessconsists________servingthepeople.

4.Theteachercameinwithsomestudents________(follow)him.

5.I________hopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.

6.________(exhaust),Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.

7.Putmore________(simple),happinessliesinhardwork.

8.Asweallknow,everyoneadmiresherbecausesheis________(elegance)andbeautiful.

9.Bothrestaurant________(chef)andhousewivesareexpertincookingseafood,soupsandmeat.

10.Promotioninthefirstyearisonlygivenin________(exception)situations.

答案:1.consumer2.testing3.in4.following5.do6.Exhausted7.simply8.elegant9.chefs10.exceptionalⅡ.用適當?shù)慕?副詞填空。1.Anaveragestudentcanbeatopstudentwithadditionalwork.Cathyisacase________point.

2.________aminimum,theworkingspaceshouldnotbedullanddepressing.

3.________thecrowdscheering,theydrovetothepalace.

4.Youcanslice________justafewcookiestobakeatatime.

5.Notethatyoumusttakesomemedicineprior________thischangehappening.

6.Wewouldliketogohand________handwithyouandtocreateamoresplendidfuturetogether.

7.Thisisatechnicalproblem,whichIwillhavetorefer________ourtechnicaldepartment.

8.Ayearconsists________twelvemonths.

答案:1.in2.At3.With4.off5.to6.in7.to8.ofⅢ.語法填空。Mostpeopletodayrelatethissaying“Tellmewhatyoueat,andIwilltellyouwhatyouare.”1.________healthyeating.2.________,BrillatSavarinwas3.________(actual)referringtoourpersonality,character,andculture.Priorto4.________(e)toChina,thewriter’sonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmericaandit5.________(change)tosuitAmericantastes.Afterhehadachance6.________(experience)authenticChinesefoodbyingtoChina,he7.________(realise)thatthroughfood,Chinesepeopleeverywhereshowfriendshipand8.________(kind).Thekindsoffoodlocalpeopleconsumetelluswhattheygrowin9.________(they)region,whatkindsoflivestheylead,andwhattheylikeanddonotlike.10.________wecansayisthatcultureandcuisinegohandinhand.

答案:1.to2.However3.actually4.ing5.hadbeenchanged6.toexperience7.realised8.kindness9.their10.What[提升測評]Ⅳ.閱讀理解。(2022年·全國乙卷)TheGovernment’ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).Itisbelievedthattoday’schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestheremendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.Itesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers’effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkspanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milkbaseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallpaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities(設(shè)施)andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.1.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.C.Toprotectchildren’shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity.”可知,2016年4月首次宣布,該稅適用于每100ml含糖超過5g的軟飲料,旨在幫助減少兒童肥胖。故選C。答案:C2.Howdidsomedrinkspaniesrespondtothesugartax?A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts’sugarcontent.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Itesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthetax.”可知,超過一半的商店銷售的軟飲料的糖含量已被制造商降低,以避免納稅。故選D。答案:D3.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milkbaseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.ClassicCoke.解析:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知,一些高糖品牌,如經(jīng)典可口可樂,已經(jīng)接受了糖稅,并拒絕改變,因為擔心會惹惱消費者。果汁、以牛奶為原料的飲料和大多數(shù)酒精飲料是免稅的,每年生產(chǎn)不到100萬升的小公司也是免稅的。故選D。答案:D4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?A.Itisashortsighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Today’sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.”可知,根據(jù)一位政府官員的說法,今天的數(shù)據(jù)顯示了糖稅正在產(chǎn)生積極影響,它為學校的體育設(shè)施和健康飲食籌集了數(shù)百萬英鎊。由此可推知,糖稅政策的實施是成功的。故選B。答案:BⅤ.完形填空。Onerainynight,Iwaswaitingatacrossroadsinmycarwhensomeoneknockedonmywindow.Itwasayoungboy1forsomething.AfterIheardhissuffering,myheartsuddenlydropped.2,Iwasafraidofreachingout.

Whatifheaskedformore?Whatifhewasjustusedbybadpeopletoprovoke(喚起)3inpeople?Ididn’twanttogivehimmoneybutrememberedthatlittleburgermykiddidn’twanttoeatanymoreonthebackseat.Foodwouldbeabetterandsafer4.SoIrolleddownmywindow,handedtheburgertohimand5.Hedidthesamethroughthepouringrain.

Againmyheartdropped.“Howcanhebehappyforsomethingso6?”IsuddenlyfeltlikeIwasdoingsomething7.Ishouldhavedonemoreforhim.Halfguilty(愧疚的),I8atleastmysmilewouldtellhimthatIcaredabouthim.

Thelightturnedgreen,whichmeantwehadtoendour9.AsIlookedbacktoseewhathewoulddo,Isawhim10toanotherboyintheoppositestreet.Whentheboyranuptohim,he11theburgerinhalf,andgaveoneparttohim.Myheartdroppedathirdtime.

Iaskedmyself,“Howcouldachildsopoor12thelittlehehad?”HereIwasinafortablecar,worriedabouthimtaking13ofme.

Thatexperienceshowedmehowsomething14livesinthosewhoseemtohavenothing.IalsosawhoweasilyI15thestereotype(刻板印象)ofsocietytopreventmyabilityto